JP3097096B2 - Liquid crystal electro-optical element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal electro-optical elementInfo
- Publication number
- JP3097096B2 JP3097096B2 JP02108020A JP10802090A JP3097096B2 JP 3097096 B2 JP3097096 B2 JP 3097096B2 JP 02108020 A JP02108020 A JP 02108020A JP 10802090 A JP10802090 A JP 10802090A JP 3097096 B2 JP3097096 B2 JP 3097096B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- refractive index
- optical element
- pdlc
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、液晶テレビ、液晶プロジェクター、液晶デ
ィスプレイなどの、液晶電気光学素子に関する。The present invention relates to a liquid crystal electro-optical element such as a liquid crystal television, a liquid crystal projector, and a liquid crystal display.
［従来の技術］ 高分子・液晶複合膜（以下PDLCと呼ぶ）は、第２図に
示したようにマトリックス高分子13が形成するスポンジ
状３次元網目構造内にネマチック液晶材料14が安定に保
持された膜構造を持つ。PDLCは、電圧印加にともなって
光散乱状態から光透過状態に変化するので、この性質を
利用して、既に調光ガラスとして実用化しており、さら
にはディスプレイとしての応用も検討されている。[Prior art] A polymer / liquid crystal composite film (hereinafter referred to as PDLC) is a structure in which a nematic liquid crystal material 14 is stably held in a sponge-like three-dimensional network structure formed by a matrix polymer 13 as shown in FIG. It has a film structure. PDLC changes from a light-scattering state to a light-transmitting state with the application of a voltage. Utilizing this property, PDLC has already been put to practical use as a light control glass, and further application to a display is being studied.
PDLCをディスプレイとして使用すると、従来の液晶電
気光学素子に必要だった偏光板が不必要となるため、明
るい表示素子が得られる可能性がある。When a PDLC is used as a display, a polarizing plate, which is required for a conventional liquid crystal electro-optical element, is not required, and a bright display element may be obtained.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ しかしながら、従来のPDLCでは、電圧を印加していっ
たた場合、PDLCセルの光透過状態は、透過率がおよそ70
から80％で飽和し十分なレベルに達していなかった。[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the conventional PDLC, when a voltage is applied, the light transmission state of the PDLC cell is about 70%.
Saturated at 80% to not reach a sufficient level.
光透過状態のレベルが不十分であると、表示素子のコ
ントラストが取れないため、ディスプレイに使用した場
合、認識性あるいは階調性に問題が生じる。If the level of the light transmission state is insufficient, the contrast of the display element cannot be obtained, so that when used for a display, there is a problem in recognizability or gradation.
従来のPDLCの光透過状態が不十分な理由としては、電
圧を印加したことにより液晶の配向は電界方向にそろい
液晶相の配向の歪はほとんど消失するが、液晶相と高分
子相との光学的不均一性が残存するため光透過状態が不
十分となる。The reason that the light transmission state of the conventional PDLC is insufficient is that, when a voltage is applied, the alignment of the liquid crystal aligns with the direction of the electric field, and the alignment distortion of the liquid crystal phase almost disappears. Since the optical non-uniformity remains, the light transmission state becomes insufficient.
本発明はこのような課題を解決するためになされたも
ので、その目的とするところは、マトリクス高分子を、
屈折率の異なる少なくとも２種類以上の重合体あるいは
単量体から形成することにより、マトリクス高分子の屈
折率を最適化して、光透過状態で液晶相とマトリクス高
分子との光学的不均一性を小さくすることにより、コン
トラストが十分に高いPDLCディスプレイを提供すること
にある。The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, and the purpose thereof is to use a matrix polymer,
By forming from at least two kinds of polymers or monomers having different refractive indices, the refractive index of the matrix polymer is optimized, and the optical non-uniformity between the liquid crystal phase and the matrix polymer in the light transmission state is reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a PDLC display having a sufficiently high contrast by reducing the size.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明の液晶電気光学素子は、一対の基板間に高分子
と液晶とからなる高分子・液晶複合膜が挟持されてなる
液晶電気光学素子において、前記高分子は屈折率の異な
る少なくとも２種類の重合体もしくは単量体からなり、
前記２種類の重合体あるいは単量体の屈折率がそれぞれ
nA、nBであり、前記液晶の分子軸に対して垂直方向の屈
折率をｎ⊥としたとき、前記２種類の重合体あるいは単
量体の屈折率nA、nB、前記液晶の屈折率ｎ⊥が nA＜ｎ⊥＜nBの関係であることを特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] A liquid crystal electro-optical element according to the present invention is a liquid crystal electro-optical element comprising a polymer / liquid crystal composite film composed of a polymer and a liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates. Is composed of at least two kinds of polymers or monomers having different refractive indices,
The refractive indices of the two polymers or monomers are respectively
nA and nB, and when the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the molecular axis of the liquid crystal is defined as n 屈折, the refractive indices nA and nB of the two types of polymers or monomers, and the refractive index n⊥ of the liquid crystal. Is a relation of nA <n⊥ <nB.
［作用］ 本発明は以上の構成を有するので、マトリクス高分子
の屈折率の調整が可能である。[Operation] Since the present invention has the above configuration, the refractive index of the matrix polymer can be adjusted.
重合体あるいは単量体Ａ、Ｂの屈折率をnA、nBとする
と、nA＜ｎ⊥（液晶の分子軸に対して垂直方向の屈折
率）＜nBとなる少なくとも２種類の相溶性良好な重合体
あるいは単量体の選択、適切な混合比率により、マトリ
クス高分子の屈折率npは、液晶の分子軸に対して垂直方
向の屈折率ｎ⊥の値にかなり近い値とすることができ
る。マトリクス高分子の屈折率はとしては、|np−ｎ⊥
｜＜0.03の範囲で選択されることが望ましい。上記範囲
ではPDLC光透過状態での透過率をかなり向上させること
ができる。Assuming that the refractive index of the polymer or monomer A or B is nA or nB, at least two types of weights having good compatibility satisfying nA <n⊥ (refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the molecular axis of the liquid crystal) <nB. The refractive index np of the matrix polymer can be set to a value very close to the value of the refractive index n 方向 in the direction perpendicular to the molecular axis of the liquid crystal by selecting the coalescing or monomer and an appropriate mixing ratio. The refractive index of the matrix polymer is | np−n⊥
It is desirable to select within the range of | <0.03. In the above range, the transmittance in the PDLC light transmission state can be considerably improved.
以下、実施例により本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
［実施例］ 第１図は、本発明によるPDLCと従来のPDLCを使用した
液晶電気光学素子との電気光学特性をそれぞれ比較した
図である。Example FIG. 1 is a diagram comparing the electro-optical characteristics of a PDLC according to the present invention with a liquid crystal electro-optical element using a conventional PDLC.
11はマトリクス高分子形成用の重合体として、２官能
性アクリレート（屈折率1.46）25重量％（以下同様）と
高屈折率のフェノキシ樹脂（屈折率1.64）６％、メルカ
プタン４％、及び液晶材料として誘電率異方性が正で屈
折率ｎ⊥が1.51のネマチック液晶65％を混合し、紫外線
照射及び熱処理によりマトリクス高分子化した本発明の
PDLCを使用した素子の電気光学特性である。本発明のマ
トリクス高分子の屈折率を測定したところ、1.52であっ
た。11 is a polymer for forming a matrix polymer, 25% by weight of a bifunctional acrylate (refractive index: 1.46) (the same applies hereinafter), 6% of a phenoxy resin having a high refractive index (refractive index: 1.64), 4% of mercaptan, and a liquid crystal material. The present invention is obtained by mixing 65% of a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy and a refractive index n⊥ of 1.51 and polymerizing the matrix by ultraviolet irradiation and heat treatment.
It is an electro-optical characteristic of an element using PDLC. The measured refractive index of the matrix polymer of the present invention was 1.52.
12は比較例としてマトリクス高分子が２官能性アクリ
レートのみからなるPDLCを使用した素子の電気光学特性
である。12 shows the electro-optical characteristics of a device using a PDLC in which the matrix polymer is composed of only bifunctional acrylate as a comparative example.
第１図より明らかなように、本発明による素子の透過
率は大幅に向上している。As is clear from FIG. 1, the transmittance of the device according to the present invention is greatly improved.
［発明の効果］ 以上述べたように、本発明によれば、マトリクス高分
子が、少なくとも２種類以上の重合体あるいは単量体か
ら形成されることにより、コントラストが高く、非常に
明るい液晶ディスプレイを提供することが可能である。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, since the matrix polymer is formed from at least two or more kinds of polymers or monomers, an extremely bright liquid crystal display having high contrast can be obtained. It is possible to provide.
第１図は、本発明のPDLCと従来のPDLCを使用した液晶電
気光学素子との電気光学特性をそれぞれ比較した図。 第２図は、PDLCを使用した液晶電気光学素子の断面図。 11……本発明によるPDLCを使用した液晶光学素子の電気
光学特性 12……従来のPDLCを使用した液晶光学素子の電気光学素
子 13……マトリクス高分子 14……ネマチック液晶 15……透明電極 16……透明基盤 17……PDLCFIG. 1 is a diagram comparing the electro-optical characteristics of a PDLC of the present invention and a liquid crystal electro-optical element using a conventional PDLC. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal electro-optical element using PDLC. 11: Electro-optical properties of liquid crystal optical element using PDLC according to the present invention 12: Electro-optical element of liquid crystal optical element using conventional PDLC 13: Matrix polymer 14: Nematic liquid crystal 15: Transparent electrode 16 …… Transparent base 17 …… PDLC
Claims (1)
分子・液晶複合膜が挟持されてなる液晶電気光学素子に
おいて、 前記高分子は屈折率の異なる少なくとも２種類の重合体
もしくは単量体からなり、前記２種類の重合体あるいは
単量体の屈折率がそれぞれnA、nBであり、前記液晶の分
子軸に対して垂直方向の屈折率をｎ⊥としたとき、前記
２種類の重合体あるいは単量体の屈折率nA、nB、前記液
晶の屈折率ｎ⊥が nA＜ｎ⊥＜nB の関係であることを特徴とする液晶電気光学素子。1. A liquid crystal electro-optical element comprising a polymer / liquid crystal composite film composed of a polymer and a liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates, wherein the polymer is at least two kinds of polymers having different refractive indices. When the refractive index of the two polymers or monomers is nA and nB, respectively, and the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the molecular axis of the liquid crystal is n⊥, the two types of polymers or monomers are A liquid crystal electro-optical device, wherein the refractive indexes nA and nB of the polymer or monomer and the refractive index n⊥ of the liquid crystal satisfy the relationship of nA <n⊥ <nB.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02108020A JP3097096B2 (en) | 1990-04-24 | 1990-04-24 | Liquid crystal electro-optical element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02108020A JP3097096B2 (en) | 1990-04-24 | 1990-04-24 | Liquid crystal electro-optical element |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10311296A Division JP3131876B2 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1998-10-30 | Manufacturing method of liquid crystal electro-optical element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH046525A JPH046525A (en) | 1992-01-10 |
| JP3097096B2 true JP3097096B2 (en) | 2000-10-10 |
Family
ID=14473943
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02108020A Expired - Fee Related JP3097096B2 (en) | 1990-04-24 | 1990-04-24 | Liquid crystal electro-optical element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3097096B2 (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-04-24 JP JP02108020A patent/JP3097096B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH046525A (en) | 1992-01-10 |
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