JP3090361B2 - Mushroom package - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides that a mushroom continues its respiratory action under an appropriate oxygen atmosphere even after the mushroom is packaged in a synthetic resin film packaging bag, and that water vapor due to the respiratory action is discharged out of the packaging system. The present invention relates to a packaging body for keeping freshness. More specifically, while maintaining an oxygen atmosphere that does not allow anaerobic respiration in a low oxygen state caused by the respiratory action of mushrooms, the quality deteriorates due to oxidation by oxygen and the quality due to water droplets from water vapor generated by respiratory action The present invention relates to a package that maintains conditions for suppressing deterioration of the package.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Mushrooms (enoki mushroom, shiitake mushroom, shimeji mushroom, mushroom, mushroom, etc.) maintain their respiratory action even after being harvested. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent mushroom quality deterioration during storage and distribution after harvest and until eating. In addition, as a form of production of mushrooms, intensive cultivation by factories has become the main form, and most of the forms take the same distribution form as industrial products, such as packaging, delivery to consumption areas, and sales at supermarkets. In addition, various distribution channels are taken from production to sale, and thus pack packaging is required to protect mushrooms (products). Under such circumstances, mushrooms currently sold in the general market are placed in trays such as styrofoam or paper and packaged in a single-layer unstretched polypropylene or polyethylene packaging bag, or They are placed in trays and packaged with wrap film such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene chloride, or enoki mushrooms are distributed and sold in degassed seals in packaging bags made of polyethylene etc. I have. Naturally, these packaging bags used for mushrooms are non-porous, so after the mushrooms are packaged, the oxygen present in the voids is consumed by their own breathing action, and the atmosphere is oxygen-free. It has been exposed to anaerobic breathing and has been forced into anaerobic breathing.This anaerobic breathing produces alcohol and aldehydes, and when the bag is opened, an unpleasant odor is generated, especially in summer when the temperature is high. Most of them had a strong odor. In addition, the stretch packaging by wrap film utilizes the adhesiveness of the rub film, and it is difficult to obtain a uniform finished package, and there is a difference between packaged individuals, resulting in a very high quality variation. Was causing it.

[0003] Further, regarding plant materials such as general vegetables,
As a method of supplying oxygen and maintaining freshness, a method using a perforated film has been proposed (JP-A-62-148247,
JP-A-63-119647 discloses that these films have an extremely large aperture area ratio of 2 × 10 ^-2 to 2 × 10%.
Even if the film is wrapped with these films, the oxygen in the bag is almost the same as the atmospheric state, which is the same as the open state. As for mushrooms, it is conceivable to package them using such a film from the viewpoint of maintaining freshness.However, in these open packages, the amount of oxygen in the air is equivalent to the amount of oxygen in the air. The problem of browning and the respiration of mushrooms due to the large amount of oxygen become active,
There are problems such as withering due to evaporation of water, soft decay, and enoki mushroom, which is too elongated to deteriorate taste. Also, when using a wrap film, a completely sealed product will be in a state of anaerobic breathing, and a non-sealed product will be the same as the open package described above, and therefore the original taste of the mushroom No packaging material or packaging method has been found yet that can be used on the market or at the dining table while keeping it fresh.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to form a desirable oxygen concentration atmosphere for maintaining freshness of mushrooms for a long period of time, without generating an offensive odor, without browning, without wilting and without soft rot. It is the result of intensive research to supply products, and supplies the minimum amount of oxygen necessary for the survival of mushrooms, keeps mushrooms in hibernation, and suppresses browning, a disorder of high oxygen content. Another object of the present invention is to provide a packaging bag for mushrooms and a package containing mushrooms for preventing quality deterioration from water droplets due to the respiratory action of mushrooms and supplying fresh mushrooms.

[0005]

The present invention comprises a perforated synthetic resin film in which mushrooms are sealed, and in a mushroom-containing package, the permeated synthetic resin film has a water vapor permeability of 80.
0 g / m ² .d.atm or less, and the open area ratio of pores is 5
It is a package containing mushrooms, characterized in that the bag has a surface area of 400 to 1000 cm ² per 100 g of mushrooms, and the average pore diameter of the pores is 20 μm to 10 × 10 ^{−5 to} 7 × 10 ⁻⁴ %. It is preferable that the number of holes is 150 μ and that the number of holes is plural per packaging bag.

The perforated film used in the present invention can be used for packaging mushrooms, and any film having a water vapor permeability of 800 g / m ² .d.atm or less can be used. Although there is no problem, generally unstretched polypropylene, stretched polypropylene, polyethylene,
Polyvinyl chloride or the like is used, but other films such as polyester and polycarbonate may be used, and further, a composite film of these may be used.Especially from the viewpoint of water vapor permeability, stretched polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, EVAL, Acetylcellulose, cellophane, etc. are used. Desirably, these synthetic resin films or a composite film combining these synthetic resin films with other materials is desirable. It does not matter at all whether the film is provided with a sealant layer which is not applied or a film subjected to anti-fog treatment. Also, the thickness of these films is
It is selected depending on the amount of mushrooms to be packed and the strength required from the distribution channel, etc., but usually 20 to 40 μm is used. Further, these films may be transparent or opaque, and there is no problem even if the film is printed on the surface.

A packaging bag using the perforated film of the present invention is:
The opening area ratio is determined by the amount of the mushroom to be wrapped, and the opening area ratio is 5 × 10 ^{−5 to} 7 × 10
It needs to be ^-4 %. The reason for this is to maintain the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the packaging bag under conditions suitable for maintaining the freshness of the mushroom. According to the results of experiments by the present inventors, the oxygen concentration was 3% or more and 18% or less. Desirably, the opening area ratio for satisfying these conditions is 5 × 10 ^{−5 to} 7 ×.
It becomes 10 ^-4 %. If the open area ratio is 5 × 10 ⁻⁵ % or less, the mushrooms become anoxic during the distribution process due to the respiratory action after packaging and start anaerobic respiration, generating an unpleasant odor. On the other hand, if the open area ratio is 7 × 10 ⁻⁴ % or more, the amount of oxygen in the packaging bag becomes too large. This causes a problem of causing a browning phenomenon. Therefore, the aperture area ratio of the perforated film used as a packaging bag for mushrooms needs to be 5 × 10 ^{−5 to} 7 × 10 ⁻⁴ %.

It is desirable that the average diameter of the holes in the perforated film is as small as possible.
It is about 150μ, preferably 30-100μ. It is desirable that the pore diameter is as small as possible, but if it is 20 μm or less, the productivity of the perforated film is reduced. In addition, the average pore diameter is 1
If it is 50 μm or more, the number of holes required to obtain an appropriate opening area ratio decreases, and the quality accuracy of maintaining freshness becomes uneasy. Also, the shape of the hole, such as a circle, square or triangle,
Any shape may be used, and the average diameter in the major axis direction is 1
There is no problem if it is 50 μm or less, but a circular shape is preferable from the viewpoint of hole opening workability and the like.

The number of holes per bag of the perforated film used for the packaging bag of mushrooms is calculated from the ratio of the opening area and the average hole diameter.
The holes may be blocked by the attachment of contents or external conditions such as labeling such as price lists and barcodes, etc., so that a plurality of holes are preferable to guarantee freshness,
Further, it is desirable that the bag has five or more holes and the degree of influence per hole is 20% or less. The mushroom packaging bag may be a bag in the form of a three-sided seal bag, a four-sided seal bag, a gusset bag, or the like, and furthermore, a tray, a cup, or the like is filled with mushrooms, and the perforated film is used. And the perforated film of the present invention may be used as a cover material for trays and cups.

[0010] The size of the mushroom packaging bag is 100 g of mushroom
It is necessary that the surface area per bag be 400 to 1000 cm ² . The reason for defining the inner surface area of the bag is to prevent the sealing portion, that is, the binding margin from being included in the calculation. If the surface area in the bag per 100 g of mushrooms is 400 cm ² or less, the density of the mushrooms in the bag increases, and the mushrooms in the bag partially lack oxygen, which tends to cause anaerobic respiration, which is not preferable. Further, when the surface area in the bag per 1000 g of mushrooms becomes 1000 cm ² or more, the density of the mushrooms in the bag becomes low, the initial oxygen amount in the bag is large, and the supply amount of oxygen is large in the opening area ratio, and browning occurs. And the cost of the bag increases due to the large amount of film used.

Further, in the packaging of mushrooms, the water vapor permeability of the perforated film used in the present invention is 800 g / m ² .da.
tm or less, and the water vapor permeability is 800
If it is more than g / m ² .d.atm, the moisture of the mushroom will be diverged, and the freshness of the mushroom will be reduced and the freshness of the mushroom will be reduced. The water vapor permeability of the perforated film used in the present invention is 1
00g / m ² .d.atm or 500g / m ² .d.atm or less is particularly desirable.

Although not limited to mushrooms, the maintenance of freshness of vegetables and the like is, of course, an important point in the distribution process, temperature control at the store and consumption, and the respiratory volume of the mushrooms is naturally The respiratory volume increases as these temperatures increase, but the present invention assumes these temperatures to be between 5 and 15 ° C. In addition, in mushrooms, of course, quality deterioration due to water wetting has a significant effect, and it is somewhat effective to use a film with anti-fog properties,
In order to prevent water wetting, it is important to have water vapor permeability and to radiate it outside the packaging system, and the temperature at which the water is circulated and stored and the water vapor permeability have a mutual effect. Further, in the present invention, mushrooms are cultivated in a factory form,
Refers to what is being shipped / distributed, enokidake, shimeji,
It is intended for maitake, shiitake, mushrooms and the like, and their respiratory volumes are at substantially the same level, and if the respiratory volume is equivalent to those illustrated, they are included in the present invention.

[0013]

EXAMPLES "Example 1" inside dimension of 0.99 mm × 200 mm, Ri Do regenerated cellulose having a thickness of 25.mu., pores having an average pore diameter of 80μ to aperture area ratio becomes 4.6 × 10 ^-4% the 55 open three-way seal
In a packaging bag, 100 g of mushrooms in a tray made of paper was sealed and packaged and stored at 5 ° C. The results of observation of the odor generation state, browning and water wetness after 3 days and 5 days after the test were shown. It is shown in FIG.

[0014] "Example 2" a packaging bag of a similar size as in Example 1, using the stretched polyamide film of 25μ thickness, aperture area ratio 1.7 ×
Using a packaging bag having 52 holes with an average pore diameter of 50 μm so as to be 10 ⁻⁴ %, 100 g of shimeji mushrooms were placed in a Styrofoam tray, sealed and packaged, and stored at 5 ° C. in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results of examining the freshness after 5 days.

[0015] "Example 3" a packaging bag of a similar size as in Example 1, using the stretched polyamide film of 25μ thickness, aperture area ratio 9.2 ×
100 g of mushrooms similar to those used in Example 1 were sealed in a paper tray using a packaging bag having seven holes having an average pore diameter of 100 μm so as to be 10 ⁻⁵ %, and sealed at 5 ° C. as in Example 1. And the results of examining the freshness after 3 days and 5 days are shown in Table 1.

[0016] "Example 4" inside dimension of 125 mm × 240 mm, a packaging bag made of oriented polyamide film having a thickness of 25.mu., the aperture area ratio 1.7
Using a packaging bag having 52 holes with an average pore size of 50μ so as to be × 10 ^-4 %, 100 g of enoki mushroom was filled, stored at 5 ° C. in the same manner as in Example 1, and freshness after 3 days and 5 days was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0017] "Example 5" a packaging bag of a similar atmosphere as that in Example 1, using oriented polypropylene film of 25.mu., the aperture area ratio 1.7
Using a packaging bag in which 52 holes having an average pore diameter of 50 μm were formed so as to be × 10 ⁻⁴ %, 100 g of mushrooms similar to those used in Example 1 were placed in a paper tray, and hermetically sealed.
Table 1 shows the results of examining the freshness after 3 days and 5 days after storage at 0 ° C.

[0018] "Example 6" a packaging bag of a similar size as in Example 4, using oriented polypropylene film having a thickness of 25.mu., the aperture area ratio
Using a packaging bag in which 52 holes having an average pore diameter of 50 μm having a pore size of 1.7 × 10 ⁻⁴ % were formed, 100 g of the same enoki mushroom as used in Example 4 was filled and stored at 15 ° C., and after 3 days Table 2 shows the results of examining the freshness after 5 days.

Comparative Example 1 100 g of the same mushroom as used in Example 1 was put in a paper tray in a non-porous packaging bag made of a stretched polypropylene film having an inner size of 150 mm × 200 mm and a thickness of 25 μm, and sealed and packaged. Then, it was stored at 5 ° C. in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results of examining the freshness after 3 days and 5 days are shown in Table 1.

[0020] "Comparative Example 2" a packaging bag of a similar size as in Example 2, using a stretched polyamide film having a thickness of 25.mu., the aperture area ratio 1.6
The same shimeji as used in Example 2 was used, using a packaging bag having five holes with an average pore size of 50 μm so as to be × 10 ⁻⁵ %.
0 g was placed in a Styrofoam tray, sealed and packaged, stored at 5 ° C. in the same manner as in Example 2, and the results of examination of freshness after 3 days and 5 days are shown in Table 1.

[0021] "Comparative Example 3" a packaging bag of a similar size as in Example 1, using a regenerated cellulose having a thickness of 25.mu., aperture area ratio 4.3 × 10 ^-3
% Of the mushrooms used in Example 1 was placed in a paper tray using a packaging bag having 230 holes with an average pore diameter of 120 μm, and sealed and packaged, and stored at 5 ° C. as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results of examining the freshness after 3 days and 5 days.

[0022] "Comparative Example 4" a packaging bag of a similar size as in Example 4, using a thick oriented polyamide film of 25.mu., the aperture area ratio 1.6
Using a packaging bag having five holes with an average pore diameter of 50 μm so as to be × 10 ⁻⁵ %, 100 g of the same enoki mushroom used in Example 4 was filled, and stored at 5 ° C. in the same manner as in Example 4. 3
Table 1 shows the results of examining the freshness after 5 days and 5 days.

Comparative Example 5 As in Example 5, a packaging bag having the same size as that of Example 1 was used.
Yes, 100 g of the same mushroom as used in Example 5 was placed in a non-porous packaging bag made of stretched polypropylene film having a thickness of 25 μm in a paper tray, sealed and packaged, stored at 15 ° C., and freshness after 3 days and 5 days Table 1 shows the results
Shown in

Comparative Example 6 A packaging bag having the same size as that of Example 4 was filled with 100 g of the same enokidake used in Example 4 in a non-porous packaging bag made of a stretched polypropylene film having a thickness of 25 μm. ,
Table 2 shows the results of storing at 15 ° C. and examining the freshness after 3 days and 5 days.

[0025]

[Table 1]

[0026]

By using the packaging bag of the present invention, the odor generated by anaerobic respiration of mushrooms is prevented, and the digestion of sugar by anaerobic respiration is prevented. On the other hand, browning and soft rot due to excessive oxygen are prevented. It can be stored for a long time while keeping the freshness of the mushroom.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A23B ^7/ 00-7/152

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A mushroom-containing package comprising a perforated synthetic resin film in which mushrooms are sealed, wherein the perforated synthetic resin film has a water vapor permeability of 800 g / m ² .d. A package containing mushrooms, which is 5 × 10 ^{−5 to} 7 × 10 ⁻⁴ % and has a bag inner surface area of 400 to 1000 cm ² per 100 g of mushrooms. 2. The package containing mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the average pore diameter of the pores of the perforated synthetic resin film is 20 to 150 μm. 3. The package with mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the number of the holes in one package is plural. 4. The mushroom-containing package according to claim 1, wherein the perforated synthetic resin film has a water vapor permeability of 100 g / m ² .d.atm or more and 500 g / m ² .d.atm or less. body.