JP3081819B2 - Granulation method and its apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a granulating apparatus,
In particular, the present invention relates to a granulating apparatus for preventing environmental pollution due to scattering of a product and improving the portability of the product.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Granulating apparatuses have been widely used in various fields such as agricultural chemicals, fertilizers, and ceramics from the viewpoints of portability and prevention of environmental pollution.

In many cases, the purpose is to improve the portability by making the powder (fine dust) or dehydrated cake into granules or granules, or to enhance durability during long-term storage and effectively prevent environmental pollution. It has become.

In particular, recently, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No.
As seen in JP-A-98200 and JP-A-6-166026, there are many examples of the development of technology relating to the granulation of sludge-like substances.

[0005] In this case, for example, sewage sludge (water content of 96 to
When making fertilizer (about 98%), lime is put into a dehydrated cake (feeling a little more viscous than the curry and rice curry solids are removed) dehydrated to about 65-85% to react with moisture. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, it has been conventionally performed to reduce the amount of moisture by heat and the generation of a compound to form granules and use the granules for fertilizer.

In addition, when stirring and granulating the dewatered cake, a predetermined amount of the dewatered cake is charged into the casing body, and then a predetermined amount of lime for the hydration reaction is charged. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
JP-A-218265 and JP-A-3-83880.

[0007] Of these, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 6-218265 intends to form large solid fully solidified granules from incompletely solidified granules by using cement or the like. Further, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3-88380 discloses that
It relates to a method of reusing sludge material, in which the sludge material and quicklime are mixed and stirred, and the hydration reaction between water and quicklime generated in this case is used to remove water and solidify the sludge material. Has become.

[0008]

However, in each of the above-mentioned conventional examples of the horizontal casing body, stirring and granulation are performed relatively satisfactorily. In many cases, there is a problem in portability and storability upon reuse, and for example, it is not always good when it is manufactured as fertilizer and reused.

That is, for example, when sludge treated in a large amount is made into fertilizer, if the grains are not uniform, the volume and the weight are not always proportional to the packing, and the efficiency of the packing operation is poor. The commercial value has also deteriorated, and there has always been the inconvenience that, during long-term storage, small grains are liable to deteriorate under the influence of humidity and temperature.

[0010] Further, in the prior art, there are many single-function devices, such as kneading only, kneading and granulation, granulation only, granulation and sizing, or sizing only. In particular, in the case of a sizing apparatus, many of them are themselves large. For example, the structure of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-88380 described above has a structure in which most of its structure functions as a particle size adjusting device.

[0011] Therefore, when a system integrating the kneading function, the granulating function and the sizing function is constructed, the entire apparatus becomes large, occupying a large area, and is not only expensive but also poor in portability. There was an inconvenience.

[0012]

An object of the present invention is to improve the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide, in particular, kneading, granulating and sizing functions, as well as downsizing and multifunctionalization of the entire apparatus, and further, granulation processing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a granulating apparatus for improving the quality of a granulated product obtained by such a method.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cylindrical casing main body horizontally mounted on a base, and one side inside the casing main body. A kneading / granulation mechanism that is equipped to form primary granules while kneading the granulation target, and the primary granules formed by the kneading / granulation mechanism are successively taken in and appropriately crushed. A granulation / granulation mechanism is provided on the other side which is processed into a secondary granulation having uniformed granules and transferred to a downstream end while sizing. Further, a drive spindle for setting the kneading / granulation mechanism section and the granulation / granulation mechanism section to an operating state is provided on the above-mentioned central axis in the casing main body.

Then, after the above-mentioned driving main shaft is rotated in one direction for a predetermined time to operate the kneading / granulation mechanism, the driving main shaft is rotated in the other direction for a predetermined time to drive the above-mentioned granulation. A configuration is adopted in which the granulating mechanism is operated to continuously perform kneading, granulating, and granulating of the granulation target.

For this reason, in the invention according to claim 1,
First, by rotating the drive spindle in one of the directions described above, the kneading / granulation mechanism is operated to knead and granulate the granulation target such as a dehydrated cake, and to form a soft, irregularly-sized granule. It has been to form a primary granules P _1.

[0016] Then, thereafter, is rotated by reversing the direction of rotation of the drive spindle in the opposite direction (the other direction), primary granules P ₁ is extruded in granulation, sizing mechanism portion. Then, granulation, sizing of the primary granulated product P ₁ by the granulating-sized mechanism is shifted to the granulation, granule sizing step, whereby the relatively grains of uniform secondary granules P ₂ Processing proceeds.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a cylindrical casing main body mounted horizontally on the base, and mounted on one side in the casing main body from one side to the other side. A kneading / granulating mechanism for forming a primary granulated material while kneading the granulation target, and the primary granulated material formed by the kneading / granulating mechanism are successively taken in and further granulated. Granulation equipped on the other side, which is processed to form a secondary granulated material and then transferred to the downstream end while sizing.
A drive main shaft that includes a granulating mechanism and operates the kneading and granulating mechanism and the granulating and granulating mechanism is mounted on a central axis in the casing body. Further, the above-described kneading / granulating mechanism section is provided with a carry-in section for carrying a granulation target formed on one side of the casing main body, a plurality of kneading blades provided on a drive spindle, and the above-described casing main body. And a partition wall provided on the granulation / granulation mechanism side and having a predetermined granulated material delivery hole.

A function of extruding the kneading blade located at least on the downstream side of the plurality of kneading blades in a direction away from the partition wall when the driving spindle rotates to one side. And when the drive spindle rotates to the other side, a structure having a function of pushing out the granulation target toward the partition wall is adopted.

Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention,
In addition to functioning equivalently to the first aspect of the invention, kneading, granulation, and sizing are performed more specifically and reliably.

That is, by rotating the driving spindle in one direction (the direction opposite to the direction of the above-described granulated material delivery hole), the dewatered cake is rotated by the kneading blade in the direction opposite to the direction of the granulated material delivery hole. It is in a state of being constantly pushed up while being stirred in the direction (the same process is repeated even if it subsequently falls down), so that the kneading is smooth without extruding the dewatered cake or powder in the direction of the granule delivery hole. repeated, the primary granules are loosely granulated during P ₁ is formed.

Subsequently, when the rotation direction of the drive spindle is reversed and rotated in the opposite direction (the other direction), the primary granulation is caused by the interaction with the kneading blade located downstream and the other kneading blades. The material P ₁ is pushed up toward the above-mentioned granulated material delivery hole, and thereby, the primary granulated material P ₁
Are sequentially extruded from the granulated material delivery hole to the granulation / granulation mechanism side. After that, the granulation and sizing mechanism section further granulates the primary granules P ₁ , that is, the secondary granules P ₁
Granulation process to ₂ and granulated material Q
Is sent to the outside from the granule discharge section.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the granulating apparatus according to the second aspect, the granulated material delivery hole of the partition wall is provided with:
The partition wall is formed in the shape of a predetermined slot near the cylindrical portion of the casing main body and along the cylindrical portion of the casing main body. The edge on the lower end side is located above the bottom region of the cylindrical portion of the casing body described above, and is provided at a position deviated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of one of the drive main shafts. I have.

Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention,
In addition to functioning equivalently to the above-described claim 2, the kneading / granulating mechanism is provided because the granulated material delivery hole is provided at a position deviated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of one of the driving main shafts. When the unit is in operation, it is possible to effectively prevent the granulation target from moving to the downstream granulation / granulation mechanism unit.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the granulating apparatus according to the second or third aspect, the granulating / granulating mechanism is coaxial with the driving main shaft and the rotation center shaft portion is attached to the driving main shaft. granules and cylindrical rotary drum incorporating primary granules P ₁ on the inner diameter side to be fed through the dispensing holes, are formed on the inner diameter side of the rotary drum and the granulated object but linked and the partition walls Helical screw guide part that rolls toward the downstream side of the granulated material discharge together with the rotation of the rotary drum in the other direction, and a two-piece formed in the process of rolling along the screw guide part. configuration to which a sizing portion of the press crush structure Tsugizotsubu product P ₂ to a suitable size, adopts a method called.

Therefore, in the invention according to claim 4,
In addition to having an inventive equivalent functions of the above claims 2 or 3, wherein, while sequentially efficiently rolls along the primary granules P ₁ fed from the kneading and granulating mechanism spirally screw guide portion Granulation, then sizing in the sizing section,
Thereby, the homogenized granulated material Q is sent to the granulated material discharge unit side.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the granulating apparatus according to the fourth aspect, wherein an inner brush for cleaning the screw guide portion is provided at a predetermined position on the inner diameter side of the rotary drum. I am taking it.

Therefore, in the invention according to claim 5,
In addition to having the same function as the above-described claim 4, the screw guide portion on the inner diameter side of the rotary drum can always be kept in a cleaned state. In this point, the uniformity of the granulated material Q can be maintained over time.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the granulating apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the small-sized granulated material having a predetermined size or less is dropped around the end of the rotary drum on the side of the granulated material discharging section. A plurality of through holes to be provided are provided, and a screw guide portion for reverse feeding is formed on the outer diameter side of the rotary drum, in which the direction of the spiral is opposite to the screw guide portion on the inner diameter side of the rotary drum. Further, the above-mentioned cylindrical casing body is extended so as to surround the entire rotary drum including the screw guide portion for reverse feeding.

Further, the above-mentioned casing main body is provided with a reverse feed granulated material taking-in hole for dropping into the outer case and at the same time taking in the small particle granulated material which is fed back by the screw feed portion for reverse feed described above. The configuration is adopted.

Therefore, according to the invention of claim 6,
In addition to having the same function as the above-described claim 4, it is possible to automate the re-granulation of the small-piece granules q having a certain size or less, and to make the whole dewatered cake uniformly granulated. Grains Q can be formed.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the granulating apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the screw guide portions for reverse feeding are spirally arranged at predetermined intervals and are provided with a plurality of fixed plates. The method employs a configuration in which a guide member is used.

Therefore, in the invention according to claim 7,
In addition to having substantially the same function as the above-described claim 6, it is possible to reduce the weight of the screw guide portion for reverse feeding (that is, the weight of the entire rotary drum).

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the granulating apparatus of the sixth or seventh aspect, an outer brush for cleaning the reverse screw guide portion is provided at a predetermined position on the outer diameter side of the rotary drum. To do.

Therefore, according to the invention of claim 8,
In addition to having the same function as each of the above-mentioned inventions according to claim 6 or 7, the adhesion of the small piece granulated material q in the reverse screw guide portion is effectively eliminated, and the small piece granulated material q is smoothly described above. It can be sent back to the kneading / granulating mechanism.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the granulating apparatus of the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth aspect, the granulating unit is provided with a lid member at least on the upstream side and a casing on the downstream side. It employs a method of being constituted by a hollow cylindrical drum-shaped member fixedly mounted on the downstream side of the main body.

Therefore, according to the ninth aspect of the present invention,
In addition to having the same functions as those of the above-described inventions of claims 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, and being hollow, it is possible to reduce the weight and increase the durability of the sizing section.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the granulating apparatus according to the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth aspect, the granulating unit guides the endless belt and the rotational travel of the endless belt. And a plurality of endless belt cleaning pieces disposed outside the endless belt.

Therefore, the invention according to claim 10 has functions equivalent to those of the above-described inventions of claims 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, and also has a function of adhering to the endless belt of the sizing section. Small pieces of the granulated object can be effectively eliminated as necessary, and in this regard, granulation of the granulated object can be smoothly promoted.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the granulating apparatus according to the second aspect, a spindle drive means for rotating the drive spindle is provided on the base, and the spindle drive means is provided via the spindle drive means. And a controller for controlling the drive of the drive spindle at a predetermined speed.

When the controller operates the kneading / granulating mechanism located on the upstream side of the casing body, the controller rotates the drive spindle in the forward direction (forward rotation) and the kneading / granulating mechanism operates. After a predetermined time has elapsed after operation,
The drive spindle is provided with a rotation reversible control function of rotating the drive spindle in the reverse direction (reverse rotation drive) to set the granulation / granulation mechanism to an operating state.

Therefore, according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to having the same function as that of the first aspect of the present invention, kneading, granulation, sizing and the like can be continuously and fully automatically performed. And the sludge material can be promptly treated.

[0042]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[First Embodiment] FIGS. 1 to 17 show this. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the apparatus main body according to the present embodiment. In this Figure 1, the apparatus body, there is a lateral, a kneading and granulating mechanism 1 to form the primary granules P ₁ roughly softer kneaded dehydrated cake or powder, the kneading and granulation granulating-sized mechanism for transporting to the downstream side while sieved with further formed granulation processed while secondary granules P ₁ by successive primary granules P ₁ fed from the grain mechanism 1 And a granulated material discharging unit 3 for continuously discharging the granulated material Q sized by the granulating / regulating mechanism unit 2. These components are sequentially and coaxially arranged in the horizontal direction from left to right in FIG.

[Regarding the Kneading / Granulating Mechanism] The kneading / granulating mechanism 1 includes a cylindrical casing main body 11 whose central axis is arranged in the horizontal direction and is fixedly mounted on the base 100, Drive spindle 1 arranged on the central shaft portion of
2, a plurality of kneading blades 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e, 13f,
13g, a scooping blade 13h, and a partition wall 20 provided on the above-described granulation / granulation mechanism 2 side of the casing main body 11 and provided with a granulated product delivery hole 20A as a predetermined granulated product delivery hole. . Here, reference numeral 12M indicates a drive motor configured to be able to rotate the drive main shaft 12 in both forward and reverse directions.

The cylindrical casing main body 11 which is placed in a horizontal position is tightly sealed at its left end in FIG. 1 by a lid member 11A, and its central part in FIG. 1 is rigidly partitioned by the partition wall 20 described above. ing. The drive spindle 12 described above is rotatably held by the lid member 11A and the partition wall 20.

Further, FIGS. 1 and 2 show the casing body 11.
An input port 101a for inputting a material (granulation target) such as a dewatered cake or powder is provided in a wall portion above the left end portion of
The inlet 101a is provided with a dewatered cake feeder 11B having a gate valve (not shown). Symbol 102
Denotes a hopper for material input.

A lime input feeder 11C for inputting lime shown in FIG. 2 is provided adjacent to the dehydrated cake feeder 11B. Furthermore, the casing body 1
1 is a deodorizer 11Da that removes water vapor and the like generated by heat of hydration reaction between lime and sludge-like substance (granulation target) to be charged.
Exhaust mechanism 11D for discharging air to the outside through the air, and hot air blowing means 11F for feeding hot air as necessary as described later.
(See FIG. 16) and, if necessary (for example, when granulation does not proceed due to insufficient water), a steam supply means (not shown) for sending steam is provided.

In this case, the aforementioned dewatered cake feeder 1
1B, a lime charging feeder 11C, an exhaust mechanism 11D, a hot air blowing means 11F, a steam blowing means (not shown), etc.
Each of them is individually connected to the casing main body 11 via a bellows member 11G (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
At the same time, these parts 11B to 11F are held by the holding frame 11H, whereby the weight of the dewatering cake feeder 11B and the exhaust mechanism 11D provided in the casing main body 11 is not applied to the casing main body 11. It has become. The symbol LC indicates a load cell which constantly measures a change in weight of the casing body 11 (change in the amount of the granulation target or the like) and sends it to a controller 50 (see FIG. 16) described later.

The granulated material delivery hole 20A of the partition wall 20 described above.
In the present embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG.
The partition wall 20 is formed in an arc shape along the cylindrical portion of the casing main body 11 described above in the shape of an elongated hole having a predetermined width, and at the same time, the upper end of the elongated hole forms a large hole having a relatively large radius of curvature. Here, regarding the granulated material delivery hole 20A,
The shape is not necessarily limited to a long hole, but may be a circle or a triangle.

Further, the granulated material delivery hole 20A has an edge on the lower end side of the granulated material delivery hole 20A.
So that it is located above the bottom area of one cylindrical part,
It is formed at a position deviated to one side (the rotational direction B side at the time of reverse rotation when viewed from the center position at the time of stop) (see FIG. 3).

For this reason, when the drive spindle 12 rotates in the forward direction (the direction of arrow A in FIG. 3) (in this case, the kneading / granulation mode), the granulation target (eg, sludge-like substance) is formed. The granulated material) is constantly pushed by the kneading blades 13a to 13g and the scooping blade 13h in the direction opposite to the granulated material delivery hole 20A. For this reason, even if the partition wall 20 is provided with the granulated material delivery hole 20A, the granulated object such as the sludge-like substance is effectively prevented from entering the granulation / granulation mechanism 2 side.

On the other hand, when the granulation of the sludge-like substance further proceeds, a controller 50 described later operates at a predetermined timing to switch the rotation of the driving main shaft 12 to the rotation in the reverse direction (the direction of arrow B in FIG. 3) ( In this case, granulation / regulation mode). And in this case, the kneading blades 13a to 13g
The rotation direction of the scooping blade 13h is opposite to the direction in which the granulation target (granulated material) is pushed toward the granulated material delivery hole 20A of the partition wall 20, and the granulated material delivery hole 20A is moved. It is sent to the granulation / granulation mechanism section 2 side through the.

[Regarding the kneading / granulating blade]
The kneading / granulating blade will be described in detail. FIG. 3 shows an example of the arrangement of the kneading blades 13a to 13g and the scooping blade 13h. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the arrangement of kneading blades when the partition wall 20 is viewed from the left side in FIG. 1 including a plurality of kneading blades 13e to 13h.

Each of the kneading blades 13a to 13g and the scooping blade 13h are fixedly supported on the drive main shaft 12 via an arm member 13A. And each of the kneading blades 13a, 13c, 13e, 13g
It has a pure stirring and kneading function. Among them, the kneading blades 13c, 13e, and 13g have a kneading portion provided at the tip portion forming a boat shape that is symmetrical with respect to the rotational direction as shown in FIG. 4, and the kneading blade 13a has the kneading blade. The part is halved by dividing the symmetrical boat shape into two on the center line.

Further, the kneading blades 13b, 13d, 13f move along the driving main shaft 12 while stirring and kneading the granulation target (granulation material) leftward or rightward according to the rotation direction in FIG. It has a kneading transfer function for pressing and transferring.
In the kneading blades 13b, 13d, and 13f, the front and rear end portions in FIG.
It has a somewhat twisted shape (as viewed from two sides), so that depending on the direction of rotation, the granulation object (granulated material) can be transported left or right along the axial direction. .

In FIG. 4, the kneading blades 13a to 13g are tentatively arranged on the same straight line for the purpose of shape comparison. In practice, as shown in FIG. It is arranged radially from the main shaft 12. Then, temporarily rotate upward (forward rotation) on the paper surface of FIG.
Then, an object to be granulated such as a sludge-like substance is kneaded while being pushed to the left in the drawing by the action of the kneading blades 13b, 13d, 13f having a kneading transfer function (kneading mode in this case).

On the other hand, when each of the kneading and granulating blades 13a to 13g is rotated downward (reverse rotation) on the paper surface of FIG. 4, the granulation target (granulating material) such as sludge-like material has a kneading and transferring function. The kneading is performed while being pushed rightward in the drawing by the action of the kneading blades 13b, 13d, 13f provided (in this case, the granulation mode).

Further, in FIG.
2 shows a scooping blade. The scooping blade 13h is provided on the right side of the kneading blade 13g in FIG. 1 and scoops up the granulation target (specifically, the roughly granulated primary granulated material P ₁ ), and the partitioning wall 20 described above. It functions so as to be transferred toward the granulated material delivery hole 20A.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a scooping blade 13h.
The following is an example of the operation (scooping operation). Here, FIG.
FIG. 3 is a simplified view of FIG. 3 and shows a positional relationship between a scooping blade 13h and other kneading blades 13e, 13f, and 13g. FIG. 6 shows the positional relationship between the scooping blade 13h and the granule delivery hole 20A of the partition wall 20. In each case, the drive spindle 12 and each kneading blade 13
a to 13h show the case of rotation in the direction of arrow B (reverse direction).

As is apparent from FIG. 6, the driving spindle 1
The time of reverse rotation of the 2, primary granules P ₁ which is roughly granulation is adapted to be fed to the repeated reliably toward the granule dispensing holes 20A by scooping blade 13h.

Here, the above-mentioned kneading blade 13a is
It functions as a scratcher. That is, the kneading blade 13a
As described above, the boat shape is divided into two parts on the center line to form a half shape, and the granulation target such as sludge-like substance remaining at the left end portion in FIG. (Granulation material) is picked up and pushed to the right in the figure. This eliminates the adverse effect that the granulation object sticks to the inner peripheral surface at the left end in FIG. Further, by equipping the kneading blade 13a with a wire-type scraper 13p made of a relatively hard wire material (to come into contact with the inner surface of the lid member 11A of the casing body 11), the wire-type scraper 13p is attached to the lid member 11A. Since it acts so as to peel off the attached granulation target (granulation material), the inside of the casing main body 11 is always in the entire inner region, and effectively mixes the granulation target such as sludge-like substance. I am getting it.

[Granulation / Granulation Control Mechanism] As shown in FIG. 1, the granulation / granulation control mechanism 2 includes the drive spindle 12 described above.
1 and a rotation center axis portion of the drive main shaft 12 is a lid member at the left end portion in FIG. 1 (spoke plate 21A in FIG. 7).
And a granulated object (primary granulated material P ₁ ) formed on the inner diameter side of the rotating drum 21 and taken in together with the rotating drum 21 in the reverse direction. A helical screw guide section 22 for transporting toward the particle discharge section 3 side;
With a sizing section 23 as a sizing section having a structure for crushing the solidified and granulated secondary granules P ₂ formed in the process of being transported along the slab to an appropriate size. It has become.

Here, the screw guide portion 22 is formed by two spiral guides in this embodiment, and
As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the height (height of the partition of the spiral guide) is changed from a to b (where a> b) from the granulating region Z (to the granulating region S). As a result, the granulated material (secondary granulated material P ₂ ) fed from the granulation region Z of the casing main body 11 into the rotary drum 21 is adjusted. It is easy to enter the granulation region S. The arrow P indicates the inflow state of the granulation target (secondary granulation material P ₂ ) in this case. Assuming that the interval located at the upper portion of FIG. 11 is g ₃ , the interval located at the lower portion is g ₂ , and the interval located at an intermediate portion between them is g ₁ , the above-mentioned spiral screw guide is provided. G ₃ > g ₂ > g irrespective of the height of the part 22
It is configured so that the relationship of ₁ is maintained.

As described above, the sizing drum (granulation unit) 23 provided on the inner diameter side of the rotary drum 21 is provided with
Is inserted coaxially from the right side of the inside of the rotary drum 21 without contacting the screw guide portion 22 described above. In this case, the sizing drum 23
The tapered portion 23a is provided around the above-described granulation region Z, and in this regard, the granulation target (the secondary granulation P
₂ ) easily enters the sizing region S.
In this case, the tapered portion 23a is
May be formed by forming the left end of the cylindrical member into a tubular shape and projecting the plate-like member so as to narrow down from the left end.

The sizing drum 23 is fixedly attached to a casing extension right cover member 11Z provided at the right end of the casing body 11 in FIG. Further, in the sizing drum 23, a cutout portion 23H is formed along the rotary drum 21 corresponding to a small piece exclusion region H described later. For this reason, in the cut portion 23H, there is no pressing member or the like against the granulated material that has passed through the above-mentioned granulated region S, and the granulated material is easily rolled, whereby the outer surface of the granulated material is finished. At the same time, it can be smoothly fed to the granulated material discharge section 3 side.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned rotary drum 21 is arranged such that the periphery of the left end thereof is close to the above-mentioned partition wall 20 on the kneading / granulating blade 1 side. At the same time, the spoke plate 21A mounted on the left end of the rotary drum 21 has, for example, six radial large holes 21Aa.
Are formed radially at equal intervals around the circumference, and the central portion thereof is connected to the drive main shaft 12 described above and integrally held therewith. 7 and 8 show specific examples of the rotary drum 21 described above. Here, reference numeral 24 indicates a screw guide portion for reverse feeding described later. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating drum 21 is rotatably held at its right end by four supporting rollers 27, 27,...

Here, the above-mentioned granulated material delivery hole 20A of the partition wall 20 on the casing body 11 side is provided with the right end face in FIG. 1 close to the spoke plate 21A of the rotary drum 21. Therefore, a primary granulated substance P ₁ sent out from the granule dispensing holes 20A of the partition Setsukabe 20, a rotating drum 21 side sequentially carried through a plurality of radial large hole 21Aa spokes plate 21A (accept).

Here, in the present embodiment, a case where six radial large holes 21Aa of the spoke plate 21A are formed as shown in FIG. 8 is shown.
as long as it can be primary granulated substance P ₁ can smoothly accept for a, number and size are not intended to be limiting in any way.

Further, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the left end side inside the rotary drum 21 (in FIG. 1,
A granulation area Z is provided in about 1/3 of the entire area),
A grain sizing area S is provided in the center (approximately 1/3 of the entire area in FIG. 1), and a small piece exclusion area H is provided on the right end side (approximately 1/3 of the entire area in FIG. 1). Is provided. still,
In FIG. 1, the symbol K indicates a kneading area.

The primary granules P ₁ sent into the rotary drum 21 together with the rotation of the rotary drum 21 in the reverse direction.
In the granulation area Z, the rotary drum 21 is rolled or pushed up along the screw guide portion 22 together with the reverse rotation (rotation in the other direction) of the rotating drum 21 and then falls and gradually falls to the right in FIG. while being transported in the direction is granulated into primary granules P ₂ in the state in which progress in granulation.

The right end of the above-mentioned sizing drum 23 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is fixedly mounted on the above-mentioned casing right lid member 11Z. This sizing drum 23
The left end portion in FIGS. 1 and 2 is rotatably held (via a bearing) on the drive spindle 12 described above. For this reason, even if the drive main shaft 12 rotates in either the forward or reverse direction,
It is always fixed to the casing right lid member 11Z and is held at a predetermined position.

Further, in this embodiment, the outer periphery of the sizing drum 23 is formed to be smaller than the inner diameter of the screw guide portion 22 described above. This allows
The secondary granulated material P _{2, which} is rolled along the screw guide portion 22 and granulated, is crushed to an appropriate size by the granulating drum 23, and its size is made uniform. .

The above-described granulation area Z of the sizing drum 23
The side tapered portion 23a is provided, whereby the secondary granules P ₂ is in the state easy enter the settling particle drum 23 side. For this reason, the secondary granules P ₂ are easily rolled smoothly from the granulation region Z to the sizing region S along the screw guide portion 22.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a plurality of through-holes 21a for dropping a small piece of granulated material q having a certain size or less are provided around the above-described granulated material discharging side of the rotary drum 21. Accordingly, the small piece exclusion region K is formed as shown in FIG. Further, on the outer periphery of the rotary drum 21, a screw guide portion 24 for reverse feeding is formed in which the direction of the spiral is opposite to the screw guide portion 22 formed on the inner periphery of the rotary drum 21. . FIG.
This is shown in FIGS. Here, the reverse screw guide portion 24 is drawn somewhat larger than in the actual case.
The screw guide portion 24 for reverse feeding is provided with a double spiral structure in FIGS.

A casing extending portion 11W, in which the casing main body 11 is extended, is provided so as to surround the entire rotary drum 21 including the reverse screw guide portion 24. In this case, in the present embodiment, the casing extending portion 11W in which the screw guide portion 24 for reverse feeding is disposed inside is the same as the casing main body 11 described above.
The diameter is set to be larger than that.

The small-piece granulated material q that has fallen into the casing extending portion 11W through the plurality of through-holes 21a described above is simultaneously sent back by the screw guide portion 24 for backward feeding to the casing main body 11. The kneading region K of the casing main body 1 is formed from the formed back-flow granulated material intake hole 1H.
And is reused again as a granulation target (granulation material).

Here, the screw guide portion 24 for reverse feeding described above is replaced with the screw guide portion 24 as shown in FIG.
A plurality of plate-shaped members 28a, 28a,.
.. May be sequentially spirally arranged at predetermined intervals on the outer periphery of the rotary drum 21 and fixedly mounted thereon, whereby the screw guide portion 28 for reverse feeding may be formed and used.

Further, the left end of the rotary drum 21 in FIG. 1 is integrally connected to the drive main shaft 12 through the disk-shaped spoke plate 21A as described above. Further, the right end of the rotary drum 21 in FIG. 1 is rotatably held on the base 100 side via the four support rollers 27 provided around as described above. Here, the four support rollers 27 correspond to FIG.
Is rotatably held at the right end of the casing body 11.

[Screw Guide Cleaning Mechanism]
Next, the screw guide cleaning mechanism 30 for cleaning the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the rotary drum 21 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 11 to 12, the screw guide section cleaning mechanism 30 is for individually cleaning the screw guide section 22 and the reverse screw guide section 24 provided inside and outside the rotary drum 21. And an inner brush 31 and an outer brush 32 whose outer diameters are generally cylindrical.

This screw guide section cleaning mechanism 30
As shown in FIG. 11, it is arranged in the upper right part of FIG. In this case, the above-described outer brush 32 is disposed on a bulging portion 11W formed by bulging in a semi-cylindrical cross section in the upper right direction in FIG. Further, on the inner diameter side of the rotating drum 21, the upper right portion in FIG. 11 of the above-mentioned sizing drum 23 is largely cut off, and a flat plate 23C is mounted. The sizing drum 23 is cut off and the flat plate 23C is cut.
The above-mentioned inner brush 31 is provided in a portion where is mounted.

[0081] the gap E between the flat plate 23C of the outer periphery and the above-mentioned integer particle drum 23 of the inner brush 31, secondary granules P ₂ described above is set to passable size. In this case, the inclination angle of the flat plate 23C is set to about 60 ° in the left-right direction in FIG.

The screw guide cleaning mechanism 30 will be described in more detail. The inner brush 31 and the outer brush 32, which are the main parts of the screw guide cleaning mechanism 30, are each provided in a cylindrical shape. Have been.
Among them, the rotating shaft 31A of the inner brush 31 is shown in FIG.
At the left end of the drum 2 through the holding member 30B.
3 rotatably held. The right end of the rotating shaft 31A is rotatably held by the casing body right lid member 11Z described above.

In FIG. 12, reference numeral 32A denotes a rotation axis of the outer brush 32. This rotation shaft 32A is
The bulging portion 11W is rotatably held on the upstream and downstream side walls.

Further, in the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the outer brush 32 at the right end portion in FIG. 12 is the annular member 21 held by the four support rollers 27 described above.
It is set slightly smaller so that the outer peripheral surface of K can be cleaned at the same time.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a cleaning mechanism driving section which can rotationally drive the aforementioned screw guide section cleaning mechanism 30 in either the forward or reverse direction. Here, the cleaning mechanism driving unit 33 includes a cleaning mechanism driving motor 33A and a gear train 33B that transmits the rotational force of the cleaning mechanism driving motor 33A to each of the brushes 31 and 32 described above.

The gear train 33B includes the driving gear 33B
and a spur gear 3 for driving the outer brush 32 meshing with the
3Bb and the inner brush 3 meshing with the spur gear 33Bb.
It is composed of one driving spur gear 33Bc. When the cleaning mechanism drive motor 33A is operated, its rotation direction and rotation speed are variably controlled by a controller 50 described later.

For this reason, the screw guide portion 22 and the reverse screw guide portion 24 provided inside and outside of the rotary drum 21 are provided with a granulating function for the granulation target and a granulated material Q or a small piece granulated material q. The function of transferring the small pieces can be smoothly operated under the same conditions throughout.

Here, the screw guide section cleaning mechanism 30
With respect to the above, the inner brush 31 and the outer brush 32 may be respectively driven by the rotation of the rotary drum 21 without additionally providing the cleaning mechanism drive unit 32.

The screw guide cleaning mechanism 30
Has been described with respect to the case where both the inner brush 31 and the outer brush 32 are included. However, the device may be equipped with either the inner brush 31 or the outer brush 32.

[Another Example of Grading Unit] FIG. 13 shows another example (a sizing unit 34) of the sizing drum (granulation unit) 23 described above. The other sizing section 34 shown in FIG. 13 includes an endless belt 34A having a relatively wide width and an endless belt 3A.
A plurality of rollers 34B for guiding the rotation of the endless belt 4A and a cleaning piece (scraper) 34C for the endless belt 34A disposed outside the endless belt 34A.
And a configuration including Here, a plurality of rollers 3
4B, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 described above, are arranged so as to have substantially the same shape as the outer periphery of the sizing drum 23.

Further, an external manual mechanism (not shown) is connected to the roller 35 located at the uppermost position in FIG. 13 among the plurality of rollers 35, whereby the endless belt 34A can be moved by an arbitrary amount in the direction of arrow B or It can be rotated and moved continuously. Then, by the screw guide portion 22 described above with the endless belts 34A, sizing effect acts against the secondary granules P ₂ described above, for example, the secondary granules P ₂ of the large are crushed by the endless belt 34A And crushed to an appropriate size.

At the same time, the endless belt 34A is
, A part or the like of the granulated material adhered to the endless belt 34A can be easily peeled off and removed by the cleaning piece (scraper) 34C. I have.

[Regarding Granulated Material Discharge Portion] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the above-described granulated material discharge portion 3 is opened and closed with its upper end side as a fulcrum and urged by a drive mechanism (not shown). A configuration including a discharge cover 3A that operates, and a granulated material guide portion 3B that guides the granules to fall in a predetermined direction when the discharge cover 3A is set to the open state and the granules are discharged. It has become. This granulated material guide portion 3B
FIG. 1 shows a structure that covers the entire discharge cover 3A described above. Here, reference numeral 3Ba denotes the granulated material guide portion 3.
4 shows the granulated material discharge port of B.

The granulated material discharged from the granulated material discharge unit 3 is conveyed by a conveyor belt 201 provided below, for example, as shown in FIG. It is supposed to be.

The casing body 11 described above includes:
The casing main body heating mechanism may be configured to heat the entire casing main body 11 by steam as needed, or the entire lower end portion of the casing main body 11 may be kept warm by electric heat as needed. Alternatively, the aforementioned deodorizer 11
In the Da and air sending means 11D, when moisture in the sludge-like substance is vaporized by the reaction heat when lime is put into the sludge-like substance, it may be made to function to appropriately release these to the outside. Good.

[Driving / Control System] As described above, the speed and the rotation direction of the driving main shaft 12 are controlled by the controller 50 as shown in FIG.

More specifically, when the kneading / granulating mechanism 1 is operated, the controller 50 moves the driving spindle 12 first in the kneading / granulating mode in the forward direction (one side). ), And has a rotation reversible control function of rotating the drive spindle 12 in the opposite direction (the other direction) after a predetermined time has elapsed.

That is, the controller 50 reverses the drive spindle 12 from the forward direction after a predetermined time has elapsed after a predetermined amount of lime has been added to the dehydrated cake in the casing body 11 and the hydration reaction has started. Reverse control in the direction. Further, the controller 50 sets the operation state of the reversal control of the drive spindle 12 described above,
A discharge cover 3A of the granulated material discharge unit 3 described above via Aa
It has a discharge cover opening control function to control the opening of the cover.

Further, the above-mentioned casing body 11 includes:
A temperature sensor 30A for measuring the temperature inside the casing body 11 at all times, a humidity sensor 30B for measuring the humidity inside the casing body 11 at all times, and a heater 28 for maintaining the casing body 1 at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time. (See FIG. 16).

The output information of the in-chamber temperature sensor 30A and the in-chamber humidity sensor 30B is constantly sent to the controller 50. Further, the set temperature of the heater 28 is calculated according to a predetermined standard based on these pieces of information. Further, reference numeral 50A is
5 shows a water content display unit that displays the water content of the dehydrated cake calculated by the controller 50.

[Overall Operation and the Like] Next, the overall operation and the like of the above embodiment will be described. Here, as for the above-mentioned granulated object such as sludge-like substance, a dewatered cake obtained by dewatering sewage sludge will be described for convenience of description. First, quicklime is immediately added to the dewatered cake obtained by dewatering the sewage sludge carried into the casing body 11, and the entire apparatus is set to an operation state. In this case, the whole device is
2 rotates forward and enters the kneading / granulation mode. Then, the hydration reaction “Ca0 + H ₂ O = Ca (OH) ₂ +15.2 [k
cal]], the dewatered cake of the sludge-like substance is rapidly dehydrated with the lapse of time due to the evaporation of water and the formation of the compound due to the heat generation.

When the dewatered cake is at the appropriate time for granulation, the drive spindle 12 is reversed to switch to the granulation / granulation mode.
In this case, the kneading and granulating mechanism within 1, has entered the granulation step, the rough state primary granulated substance P ₁ is formed for granulated object (see Figure 14).

Next, when the drive spindle 12 rotates in the reverse direction, the primary granules P ₁ formed in the kneading / granulating mechanism ₁ are mixed with the kneading blades 13 a to 13 g and the scooping blade 13.
By the action of h, it is sent to the granulation / granulation mechanism 2. In this case, a partition wall 20 is provided between the kneading / granulation mechanism unit 1 and the granulation / granulation mechanism unit 2 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 6, a granulated material delivery hole 20A deviated in the other direction is provided.

[0104] Therefore, the driving spindle 12 together with the reverse operation, the primary granules by kneading blade 13a~13g and scooping blade 13h P ₁ is granulated dispensing holes 20A
Pushed up in the direction. As a result, the primary granulated product P ₁ becomes
The mixture is sent to the granulation / granulation mechanism 2 to be surely granulated and sized. This is shown in FIG. Here, in FIG. 14, for convenience of explanation, the granulated material delivery hole 20A is drawn downward.

As described above, in the above embodiment, as described above, the kneading blades 13a to 13g and the scooping blade 13h, the rotary drum 21, and the crushing means ( Sizing drum 2
The feature is that 3) and the means for removing fine particles are combined to form an integral unit. In addition, it is characterized in that it can automatically take out granulated material falling within a predetermined size range at a predetermined granulation time, and furthermore, it can detect a granulation time and maintain the period as long as possible. Have.

Further, in this embodiment, quick lime is charged with the intention that the water content after dehydration is about 80% to 85%. The amount of lime added to the dehydrated cake depends on the moisture content of the dehydrated cake and the CaO in commercial quicklime.
Care must be taken because it varies depending on the amount and the like.

Here, the sludge-like material and the lime of the above-mentioned granulation target are charged in advance or batchwise while rotating from a charging port. In the above embodiment, kneading /
The three functions of granulation, granulation, and sizing are integrally arranged on one axis as shown in FIG. In this case, the rotation direction of the drive main shaft 12 is set to be opposite between the kneading / granulation timing and the granulation / granulation timing as described above.

Therefore, the respective regions of the kneading / granulating mechanism 1 and the granulating / granulating mechanism 2 are separated by the partition wall 20 as shown in FIG. It is partitioned. That is, the granulated material delivery hole 20A formed in the partition wall 20 is formed above the lower portion as described above.

Then, as described above, the object to be granulated (dewatered cake) is moved in one direction by the rotation (forward rotation) of the drive spindle 12, the kneading blades 13a to 13g, and the scooping blade 13h in one direction. However, at the time of kneading (in the kneading / granulation mode), the material is moved to the side where the granulated material delivery hole 20A is not opened, and during the granulation / granulation (in the granulation / granulation mode). A granulation target (a dehydrated cake) is brought to the side where the material delivery hole 20A is open.

During granulation and sizing (granulation and sizing mode), the driving spindle 12 and the kneading blades 13a to 13a are used.
by h reverse rotation of the (rotation in the other direction), primary granules P ₁ is provided by, the direction of the granulated product delivery hole 20A, it is sent to the granulation zone Z granulation further by scooping blade 13h forwarded, primary granules P ₂ formed by this is fed to the sizing region S, a large grain is crushed also small pieces falling from the plurality of through holes 21a. Figure 1 shows the falling small pieces.
As shown in (2), the screw is returned to the kneading / granulating unit 1 again by the reverse screw guide 24 around the outer periphery of the rotary drum 3,
It is again carried into the granulation process.

The sized granules Q are further sent out to the granulated material discharge section 3 by the right-handed screw guide section 22 as described above. The granulated material Q discharged from the granulated material discharge unit 3 becomes a final product after bagging and the like after a drying process and the like.

The rotating drum 21 of the granulating and sizing mechanism 2
A screw guide cleaning mechanism 30 shown in FIG. 7 is provided around the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the rotary drum 21. The cleaning screw guide 24 is cleaned.

As described above, in order to determine the arrival of the granulation time necessary for controlling the reversal of the rotation operation of the drive spindle 12 from the forward direction (one direction) to the reverse direction (the other direction), it is necessary to use an apparatus as described above. The weight is reduced by a predetermined weight while monitoring the amount of water evaporation by a load cell LC for measuring the overall weight. In this case, the heat of reaction may be monitored and the amount of water evaporation may be determined from the transition of the temperature rise (since the required amount of water evaporation is proportional to the amount of heat generation). Further, the amount of water evaporation may be determined simply based on only the elapsed time from the input of lime.

At the appropriate time for granulation, when the generated steam is discharged into the air in the stirring tank (casing body 11), 80
When a dehydrated cake with a moisture content of about
As shown in FIG. 16, the temperature can be obtained from an experiment based on the temperature transition of the reaction tank (casing main body 11) and the like. Also, in order to ensure granulation, from the above,
It is important to carefully select parameters such as the moisture content of the granulation target (granulation material), the structure for promoting the granulation action of the granulation target, and an appropriate kneading speed and blade shape.

The water content of the granulation target varies greatly depending on the structure of the treatment tank (casing body 11). In other words, since it depends on whether the structure actively condenses steam,
Based on the structure, add an appropriate amount of lime to the dehydrated cake,
It is necessary to give consideration to a water content suitable for granulation after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of the hydration reaction.

When the moisture content of the dehydrated cake varies greatly, it is important to reduce the amount of water other than the hydration reaction by reducing the amount of lime. Inject lime according to the material with low moisture content, and measure the moisture content of the material with high moisture content by direct heating or hot air blowing, and measure the moisture content using LC (load cell). Can be. That is, the controller 50 (see FIG. 16) previously obtains information such as the amount of lime charged into the casing main body 11, the amount of sludge-like material and the like, and the initial moisture content of the sludge-like material and the like. deep. Then, based on the weight information from the load cell LD shown in FIG. 1 (which constantly outputs the weight information of the entire casing main body 11 and the casing extension portion 11W), the above-described controller performs a predetermined calculation and performs real-time actual water-containing operation. The rate information can be calculated and output. This result is displayed on the water content display section 50A.

As described above, since the mass of the dehydrated cake and the mass of lime can be measured by the same load cell LD, the cost is reduced. In this case, a band heater 28 (see FIG. 16) may be provided outside the reaction tank (casing main body 11) to be used for adjusting the water content, for sending steam toward the premises for adjusting the water content, or for removing water. You may make it spray. In such a case, the timing of the operation is, for example, after a lapse of a predetermined time after the start of the hydration reaction (this time is
It is determined experimentally in advance), the change in the current value (load current value) of the kneading / granulating motor is measured, and after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of the decreasing tendency, the kneading / granulating process is carried out. After the occurrence of a water shortage or excessive water condition which is grasped in advance by the load current of the spindle drive motor 12M.

Here, it is also possible to detect a certain amount of raw material reduction based on the measurement result of the load cell LC in the granulation discharge stage, and proceed to the next batch.

The in-tank hygrometer 30B can be used to predict that the moisture content of the granulated material will decrease if the inside of the tank is too dry, or to promote the supply of high-temperature steam. Further, in FIG. 1, in the kneading / granulation mode (the driving spindle 1
2 at the time of forward rotation), the left side of the rotary drum 21 is turned down, and at the time of granulation and sizing (when the drive spindle 12 is rotating in the reverse direction).
May be configured to operate with the right side of the rotating drum 21 facing down.

[Second Embodiment] Next, a second embodiment is shown in FIGS. FIG. 18 is a schematic sectional view of the apparatus main body according to the second embodiment.

In FIG. 18, the main body of the apparatus is of a horizontal type, similar to the first embodiment of FIG. a kneading and granulating mechanism 1 to form the P _1, the secondary granules P ₂ while further granulation processing of the primary granulated product P ₁ fed from the kneading and granulating mechanism 1 by successive Granulation and sizing mechanism 2 for forming and sizing and transferring to downstream side
And a granulated material discharging unit 3 for continuously discharging the granulated material Q sized by the granulating / regulating mechanism unit 2, and each of these units is the same as in the case of FIG. 1 described above. In addition, they are arranged coaxially and continuously in the horizontal direction from left to right in FIG.

Here, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above, in that the drive main shaft 42 is provided through the casing main body 11 and the casing extension 11M, and as a result, This embodiment is characterized in that the partition wall 20 (see FIG. 1) in the first embodiment described above is eliminated.

In FIG. 18, reference numeral 41A denotes a partition cover at the left end of the rotary drum 41 in FIG.
Then, this partition cover 41, as shown in FIG. 17, granule introducing hole 4 for introducing the 1 Tsugizotsubu substance P ₁ as described above
1a is provided. In addition, this granulated material introduction hole 41a
On one side (upstream side during normal rotation), a guide plate 41b is provided to project obliquely so as to cover the above-described granulated material introduction hole 41a.

For this reason, at the time of kneading and granulating in which the drive main shaft 42 rotates in the direction A (at the time of forward rotation), the guide plate 41b allows the granulated material (sludge-like substance) to be introduced into the granulated material introduction hole 41
a so as to be pushed out (upstream along the drive main shaft 42 when viewed from the moving state of the granulated material on the casing main body 11 side) so as not to enter the inside. Here, 13h indicates the scooping blade in FIG. 1 described above. Therefore, the scooping blade 13h and the guide plate 4
By the 1b, in the A direction of the main drive shaft 42 (when forward rotation), a primary granulated substance P ₁ is effectively pushed outwardly from granules introducing hole 41a.

On the other hand, the direction B of the drive main shaft 42 (during reverse rotation)
In the above, the interaction between the scooping blade 13h and the guide plate 41b causes the primary granulated material P
₁ is positively incorporated into the granule introduction hole 41a. In this case, the granule introduction holes 41a may be provided at a plurality of locations. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Also in this case, as in the case of the above-described first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 17), the drive spindle 42 is rotated in the direction A (at the time of normal rotation) in the kneading / granulation mode. By the action of the kneading blades 13a to 13g and the scooping blade 13h, most of the dehydrated cake is made as shown in FIG.
It is kneaded and granulated while being pushed to the position (left side in the figure) indicated by the line segment S in 0.

When the drive spindle 42 is in the direction B (at the time of reverse rotation).
In the granulating and sizing mode in which the rotating blades 13a to 13g and the scooping blade 1
By the action of 3h, most of the dehydrated cake is granulated while being pushed to the position (right side in the figure) shown by the line segment T in FIG.
This is adapted to be smoothly fed to the granulating-sizing mechanism 2 side of the casing extending portion 11M via the primary granules P ₁ is granulated substance introduction hole 41a.

Therefore, in the second embodiment, in addition to having the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment, the kneading / mixing is not necessary because the partition wall 20 (see FIG. 1) is not required.
There is an advantage that may make the delivery operations primary granules P ₁ from granulation mechanism 1 to the secondary granules P ₂ more smoothly.

[0129]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the drive spindle is rotated in one direction (forward rotation direction), the kneading process of the dewatered cake is performed, and the drive spindle is rotated in the other direction (reverse rotation direction). In the case of rotation, the dewatered cake can be set in the granulation and sizing mode, so that the direction of the drive spindle is changed at a predetermined timing to knead the dewatered cake,
Granulation and sizing can be performed continuously, and the kneading area, granulation area, and sizing area are set in one direction on the same axis. Not only can it be granulated, but it can also be made uniform, making it possible to reduce the size and multi-functionality of the entire device, and to further uniformize the size of granulated materials such as granulated sludge-like substances. Therefore, it is possible to provide an unprecedented excellent granulating apparatus capable of improving the quality and portability of the granulated material.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a granulator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, with a part thereof omitted.

FIG. 2 is an external configuration diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with some parts omitted.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement example of each kneading blade provided in a casing body in the embodiment of FIG. 1 as viewed from an upstream side.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view (a comparative explanatory view tentatively gathered and shown at one location) showing a shape of a kneading portion of each kneading blade in the casing body in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a positional relationship between each kneading blade in the casing main body and the granule delivery hole in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an operation of a scooping blade among the kneading blades disclosed in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic left side view showing a rotating drum portion of the granulating / regulating mechanism in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a front view showing the rotating drum disclosed in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the rotating drum disclosed in FIG. 7;

11 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between a screw guide cleaning mechanism and a granulating section (regulating drum) provided in the granulating / regulating mechanism section in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a partially omitted cross-sectional view along the line BB of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing another example of the sizing section disclosed in FIG. 7;

FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the granulating and sizing mechanism disclosed in FIG. 1;

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in height of the screw guide portion disclosed in FIG. 1 and an operation state thereof.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a control system including various sensors and a controller and the like provided in the embodiment disclosed in FIG. 1;

FIG. 17 is a diagram (measured value) showing a temperature change of the dewatered cake when a predetermined amount of lime is put into the dewatered cake (dewatered sludge).

FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a granulator according to a second embodiment of the present invention, with a part thereof omitted.

19 is a view showing a partition cover portion of the rotary drum in FIG. 18; FIG. 19 (a) is an explanatory view showing an example of a granulated material introduction hole provided in the partition cover; It is explanatory drawing which shows the guide plate provided in the granular material introduction hole part.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the operation in FIG. 18;

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 kneading / granulating mechanism unit 1H reverse feed granulated material intake hole 2 granulating / granulating mechanism unit 3 granulated material discharging unit 11 casing body 11M casing extension unit 11Z right cover member for casing extension unit 12, 42 drive Spindle 12A Spindle drive means 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e, 13f, 1
3g kneading blade 13h scooping blade 20 partition wall 20A granulated material delivery hole 21, 41 rotating drum 21a through hole 22 screw guide portion 23 sizing drum as sizing portion 23A cover member 24 screw guide portion for reverse feeding 28a plate shape member 30 screw guide part cleaning mechanism 33A endless belt 33B roller 33C cleaning piece 50 controller 100 base plate 101a inlet (entrance) P ₁ primary granules P ₂ secondary granules Q granules q specks granules

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yasuo Abe 2-16-46 Minami Kamata, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Tokimec Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshio Abe 2-16-46 Minami Kamata, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Tokimec Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeo Takayama 2-16-46 Minami Kamata, Ota-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd. Inside Tokimec Co., Ltd. (72) Sakuki Inagaki 2-16-46 Minami Kamata, Ota-ku, Tokyo Stock (72) Inventor: Mutsumi Takahashi 2-16-46 Minami Kamata, Ota-ku, Tokyo Stock Company: Tokimec (56) References JP-A-7-227531 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01J 2/10 B01J 2/12 C02F 11/00

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cylindrical casing main body horizontally mounted on a base, and a kneading / mixing machine provided on one side of the casing main body to form a primary granulated material while kneading a granulation target. The granulation mechanism and the primary granules formed by the kneading / granulation mechanism are successively taken in, and further granulated to form secondary granules and downstream while granulating. A granulation / granulation mechanism provided on the other side for transferring to the end side is provided, and a drive spindle for operating the kneading / granulation mechanism and the granulation / granulation mechanism is provided inside the casing main body. After the drive main shaft is rotationally driven in one direction to operate the kneading / granulating mechanism, the drive main shaft is rotationally driven in the other direction, and the granulation / shaping is performed. Activate the granulation mechanism, thereby continuously kneading, granulating, and sizing the granulation target. Granulation wherein the was Unishi. 2. A cylindrical casing main body which is mounted horizontally on a base and has a loading portion for loading a granulation target or the like on one side, and the casing on the other side of the casing main body and the casing. Having a casing extension provided coaxially with the main body, forming a primary granulated product in the casing main body while kneading the granulation target object from one side of the casing main body to the other side. A kneading / granulating mechanism section is provided, and the primary granulated material formed by the kneading / granulating mechanism section is sequentially taken into the casing extension section, and further granulated and sized to form a downstream end. A granulating and sizing mechanism for transporting the granules is provided, and a drive spindle for setting the kneading and granulating mechanism and the granulating and sizing mechanism to an operating state is provided on a central axis in the casing body. Kneading and granulating mechanism in the casing body A plurality of kneading blades fixedly mounted on the drive spindle, and a partition wall provided on the granulation / granulation mechanism side and having a predetermined granulated material delivery hole. Among the kneading blades, the kneading blade located at least on the downstream side has a function of pushing out a granulation target in a direction away from the partition wall when the driving spindle rotates to one side, and the driving spindle is the other. A granulating apparatus having a function of extruding an object to be granulated toward the partition wall when rotating to the side of (a). 3. A granulated material delivery hole of the partition wall is formed in a predetermined elongated hole shape close to and along the cylindrical portion of the casing body, and the granulated material delivery hole is formed. The edge on the lower end side of the hole is located above the lower region of the cylindrical portion of the casing main body, and is disposed at a position deviated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of one of the drive main shafts. The granulator according to claim 2, wherein the granulation is performed. 4. A granulating / granulating mechanism in the casing extension portion is connected to the driving main shaft by a rotation center shaft portion coaxially with the driving main shaft and through a granulated material delivery hole of the partition wall. A cylindrical rotary drum that takes in the primary granules fed into the inner diameter side of the rotary drum, and forms the primary granules on the inner diameter side of the rotary drum and transfers the primary granules to the downstream side together with the rotation of the rotary drum in the other direction. A helical screw guide that rolls toward the granulated material discharge side, and a structure that crushes secondary granules formed in the process of rolling along the screw guide to an appropriate size The granulating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the granulating apparatus includes a sizing section. 5. At a predetermined position on the inner diameter side of the rotary drum,
The granulating device according to claim 4, further comprising an inner diameter brush for cleaning the inner side screw guide portion. 6. The granulating device according to claim 4, wherein the granulated material having a size equal to or smaller than a predetermined size is formed around an end of a granulated material discharging portion located downstream of the rotary drum. Along with providing a plurality of through holes to be dropped, on the outer diameter side of the rotary drum, a screw guide portion for the reverse feeding in which the direction of the spiral is formed in the opposite direction to the screw guide portion on the inner diameter side of the rotary drum is provided, The casing extending portion is provided so as to surround the entire rotary drum including the reverse feeding screw guide portion, and the minute portion which falls into the outer peripheral casing extending portion and is reversely fed by the reverse feeding screw guide portion is provided. A granulating apparatus, wherein a reverse feed granulated material take-in hole for taking a piece of granulated material is provided on the casing main body side of the casing extending portion. 7. The granulation according to claim 6, wherein the screw guide portion for reverse feeding is constituted by a plurality of granular material guide members which are sequentially spirally arranged at predetermined intervals and are fixedly equipped. apparatus. 8. At a predetermined position on the outer diameter side of the rotary drum,
The granulator according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising an outer diameter brush for cleaning the reverse screw guide portion. 9. A hollow cylindrical drum having a granulating part in the casing extending portion, wherein a lid member is provided at least at an upstream end and a downstream side is fixedly equipped at a downstream side of the casing extending portion. 9. The granulating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the granulating apparatus comprises a member. 10. The sizing section in the casing extension section,
6. An endless belt, comprising a plurality of rollers for guiding the rotation of the endless belt, and a cleaning piece for the endless belt disposed outside the endless belt. 6, 7 or 8
A granulating apparatus as described in the above. 11. The granulating apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising: a spindle driving means for rotating and driving the driving spindle on the base; and driving the driving spindle through the spindle driving means at a predetermined speed. When the kneading / granulating mechanism of the casing main body is operated, the controller drives the driving main shaft to rotate in the forward direction and operates the kneading / granulating mechanism. A granulating apparatus characterized in that the granulating apparatus further comprises a rotation reversible control function for rotating the driving spindle in the reverse direction and setting the granulating / granulating mechanism to an operating state after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start.