JP3079294B2 - Precipitation hardened stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance - Google Patents

Precipitation hardened stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance

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Publication number
JP3079294B2
JP3079294B2 JP04164112A JP16411292A JP3079294B2 JP 3079294 B2 JP3079294 B2 JP 3079294B2 JP 04164112 A JP04164112 A JP 04164112A JP 16411292 A JP16411292 A JP 16411292A JP 3079294 B2 JP3079294 B2 JP 3079294B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
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corrosion resistance
steel
precipitation hardening
heat treatment
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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JP04164112A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH05331600A (en
Inventor
田 博 史 横
下 正 光 大
川 健 三 新
田 義 澤
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Aichi Steel Corp
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Aichi Steel Corp
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は船尾シャフト、バルブス
テム等に用いられる優れた耐食性と高い強度と靱性を有
し、かつ固溶化熱処理状態での冷間加工性、機械加工性
にも優れた析出硬化型ステンレス鋼に関する。
The present invention has excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and toughness used for stern shafts, valve stems, etc., and also has excellent cold workability and machinability in a solution heat treatment state. It relates to precipitation hardening stainless steel.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、船尾シャフト、ポンプシャフト、
ボルト、バルブステム、バルブシ−ト等には高い強度を
有し、固溶化熱処理状態で機械加工が可能なSUS630等の
析出硬化型ステンレス鋼が一般に用いられている。しか
し、最近上記特性に加えて優れた耐食性、特に耐海水性
と、さらに冷間加工性、機械加工性の改良が求められ、
前記SUS630では優れた強度を有するものの耐海水性や冷
間加工性については満足し得るものではなかった。ま
た、優れた耐海水性、耐腐食疲労強度を有するステンレ
ス鋼としてはSUS316鋼が存在するが、強度についてはSU
S630の半分程度と低く上記用途に使用するには設計上軸
径を太くするなどして対処するしか方法がなかった。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a stern shaft, a pump shaft,
For bolts, valve stems, valve sheets and the like, precipitation hardening stainless steel such as SUS630, which has high strength and can be machined in a solution heat treatment state, is generally used. However, recently, in addition to the above properties, excellent corrosion resistance, especially seawater resistance, and further improvement in cold workability and machinability are required,
Although the SUS630 had excellent strength, it was not satisfactory in seawater resistance and cold workability. In addition, SUS316 steel exists as a stainless steel having excellent seawater resistance and corrosion fatigue resistance.
The only way to use it for the above applications is about half that of S630.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする問題点】本発明は上記用途に
要求されるSUS316並の優れた耐海水性を有するとともに
固溶化熱処理状態でHv 280 程度と優れた冷間加工性、
機械加工性を有し、かつ析出硬化後において引張強さ10
00N/mm2 以上の高強度を有しながら靱性にも優れた析出
硬化型ステンレス鋼を得ることを目的とする。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has excellent seawater resistance equivalent to that of SUS316 required for the above-mentioned applications, and has excellent cold workability of about Hv280 in the solution heat treatment state.
Machinability and tensile strength after precipitation hardening of 10
An object of the present invention is to obtain a precipitation hardening stainless steel having high strength of at least 00 N / mm 2 and excellent toughness.

【0004】[0004]

【問題点を解決するための手段】本発明は従来鋼 SUS 6
30の耐海水性等の耐食性が低いという問題を解消するた
め、本発明者等が鋭意研究を重ねた結果なし得たもので
ある。一般にNi,Cr,Mo等の合金元素を含有させると耐食
性は改善されるが、析出硬化能が低下し高強度が得られ
なかったり、また高温でのδ/γバランスを損ない熱間
加工性を低下させ、さらに固溶化熱処理状態での冷間加
工性をも低下させる。
[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention uses conventional steel SUS 6
In order to solve the problem of low corrosion resistance such as seawater resistance of No. 30, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and obtained no results. In general, when alloying elements such as Ni, Cr, and Mo are included, the corrosion resistance is improved, but the precipitation hardening ability is lowered and high strength cannot be obtained, and the δ / γ balance at high temperatures is impaired, and hot workability is deteriorated. It also lowers the cold workability in the solution heat treatment state.

【0005】特に、Ni含有量は分塊圧延時や固溶化熱処
理時のδ/γバランス、固溶化熱処理後の残留オ−ステ
ナイト量および析出硬化能に強く影響を及ぼす。Ni含有
量が増加すると高温でのδ/γバランスが改善され熱間
加工性は改善される。また、最適固溶化熱処理温度域が
拡大されるが、反面、残留オ−ステナイト量が増加し、
析出硬化能が小さくなる。また、Ni含有量が少ない場合
には残留オ−ステナイト量が減少して析出硬化能は増加
する傾向を有する反面、熱間加工性が大幅に低下する。
さらに、固溶化熱処理時にδ相が生成され易くなり、最
適固溶化熱処理域が狭くまる。またδ相が生成した場合
には、その析出硬化能は大幅に低下する。このように、
Niの最適含有量は非常に臨界的なものである。このよう
に、耐食性、冷間加工性および高強度は相反する特性で
あり、これらの特性を全て満足する析出硬化型ステンレ
ス鋼を見出すことは極めて困難であった。
[0005] In particular, the Ni content strongly affects the δ / γ balance during slab rolling and solution heat treatment, the amount of retained austenite after solution heat treatment, and precipitation hardening ability. As the Ni content increases, the δ / γ balance at high temperatures is improved and hot workability is improved. In addition, the optimal solution heat treatment temperature range is expanded, but on the other hand, the amount of retained austenite increases,
Precipitation hardening ability decreases. When the Ni content is small, the amount of retained austenite decreases and the precipitation hardening ability tends to increase, but the hot workability is greatly reduced.
Further, the δ phase is easily generated during the solution heat treatment, and the optimum solution heat treatment region is narrowed. When the δ phase is formed, its precipitation hardening ability is greatly reduced. in this way,
The optimal content of Ni is very critical. As described above, corrosion resistance, cold workability and high strength are contradictory properties, and it has been extremely difficult to find a precipitation hardening stainless steel satisfying all these properties.

【0006】本発明は、上記要求特性を満足する鋼を得
るため単に合金組成のみにとらわれずミクロ組織につい
ても検討を重ねたものであり、従来、析出硬化後の強度
を高めるためマルテンサイト単相組織としていたもの
を、本発明者等が研究した結果、6.8 ≦Ni+27(C+
N)− 3.5(Nb+2V+2Ti)≦8.0 とその合金含有量
を規制することにより、マルテンサイト、オ−ステナイ
ト2相組織とし、かつオ−ステナイト相の比率を10〜30
%とし、さらにC,N,Nb、V,Ti の影響について研究
し、C+N量を0.045 %以下と低下させるとともに(Nb
+2V+2Ti)/(C+N)≧ 5.5のNb、又はV,Ti あ
るいはその両方を含有させることによりC,Nを固定
し、析出硬化後の強度を低下させることなく、SUS316並
の優れた耐海水性と、固溶化熱処理状態で優れた冷間加
工性、機械加工性を得ることに成功したものである。ま
た、組織をマルテンサイト+オ−ステナイト2相組織と
したことにより析出硬化後の靱性をも向上させたもので
ある。
The present invention is based on the study of the microstructure in addition to the alloy composition in order to obtain a steel satisfying the above-mentioned required characteristics. Conventionally, a martensitic single phase has been used to increase the strength after precipitation hardening. As a result of the research conducted by the present inventors, the structure was 6.8 ≦ Ni + 27 (C +
N) -3.5 (Nb + 2V + 2Ti) ≦ 8.0 and restricting the alloy content to form a martensite-austenite two-phase structure and a ratio of austenite phase of 10-30.
%, And further study the effects of C, N, Nb, V, and Ti, and reduce the C + N amount to 0.045% or less (Nb
+ 2V + 2Ti) / (C + N) ≧ 5.5 Nb and / or V, Ti or both to fix C and N, without deteriorating the strength after precipitation hardening. It has succeeded in obtaining excellent cold workability and machinability in a solution heat treatment state. Further, the toughness after precipitation hardening is improved by making the structure a martensite + austenite two-phase structure.

【0007】本発明鋼は上記の知見により、SUS316並の
優れた耐食性と、析出硬化後の引張強さが1000N/mm2
上と優れた強度と、100J/cm2以上の靱性を有すると共に
固溶化熱処理状態の硬さが Hv 280 程度と優れた冷間加
工性、機械加工性を有するものである。
Based on the above findings, the steel of the present invention has excellent corrosion resistance comparable to that of SUS316, excellent tensile strength after precipitation hardening of 1000 N / mm 2 or more, and toughness of 100 J / cm 2 or more. It has excellent cold workability and machinability with a hardness of about Hv280 in the solution heat treatment state.

【0008】すなわち、本願第1発明の耐食性の優れた
析出硬化型ステンレス鋼は、重量比にして、C:0.030
%以下,Si:0.50%以下,Mn:1.00%以下,S: 0.005
%以下、Ni:6.80〜8.00%、Cr:15.0〜17.0%,Mo:0.
50〜2.00%,N:0.030 %以下,Cu:0.50〜3.50%と、
Nb:0.05〜0.40%、V:0.05〜0.25%,Ti:0.05〜0.20
%のうち1種ないし2種以上を含有し、かつC+N:0.
045 %以下,6.8 ≦Ni+27(C+N)− 3.5(Nb+2V
+2Ti)≦8.0 および(Nb+2V+2Ti)/(C+N)
≧5.5 とし、析出硬化後の組織をマルテンサイト+オ−
ステナイト2相組織とし、かつオ−ステナイト相を10〜
30%としたことを特徴とするものであり、第2発明は第
1発明の鋼にB,Ca,Mg,REM のうち1種ないし2種以上
を含有させ熱間加工性を向上させたものである。つぎに
本発明鋼の化学成分限定理由につて説明する。
That is, the precipitation hardening stainless steel having excellent corrosion resistance according to the first invention of the present application has a weight ratio of C: 0.030.
%, Si: 0.50% or less, Mn: 1.00% or less, S: 0.005%
%, Ni: 6.80 to 8.00%, Cr: 15.0 to 17.0%, Mo: 0.
50 to 2.00%, N: 0.030% or less, Cu: 0.50 to 3.50%
Nb: 0.05 to 0.40%, V: 0.05 to 0.25%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.20
% Or more, and C + N: 0.
045% or less, 6.8 ≦ Ni + 27 (C + N) −3.5 (Nb + 2V
+ 2Ti) ≦ 8.0 and (Nb + 2V + 2Ti) / (C + N)
≧ 5.5, and the structure after precipitation hardening is martensite + o-
Austenitic two-phase structure and austenite phase of 10 to
The second invention is characterized in that the steel of the first invention contains one or more of B, Ca, Mg, and REM to improve hot workability. It is. Next, the reasons for limiting the chemical composition of the steel of the present invention will be described.

【0009】C:0.030 %以下 Cは強力なγ相形成元素で高温でのδ/γバランスを改
善する元素である。しかし、多量に含有させると固溶化
熱処理後の残留オ−ステナイト量が増加し、十分な析出
硬化能を得ることができないため、その上限を0.030 %
とした。
C: 0.030% or less C is a strong γ phase forming element and improves δ / γ balance at high temperature. However, if it is contained in a large amount, the amount of retained austenite after solution heat treatment increases, and sufficient precipitation hardening ability cannot be obtained, so the upper limit is 0.030%.
And

【0010】Si:0.50%以下 Siは脱酸材として効果を有する元素である。しかしSiは
強力なα相形成元素でもあり、多量に含有させると高温
でのδ/γバランスを損ない熱間加工性を低下させ、か
つ固溶化熱処理後のマルテンサイト組織の硬さを高める
元素でもあり、その上限を0.50%とした。
Si: 0.50% or less Si is an element having an effect as a deoxidizing material. However, Si is also a powerful α-phase forming element, and if contained in a large amount, it may deteriorate the δ / γ balance at high temperatures, reduce hot workability, and increase the hardness of the martensite structure after solution heat treatment. Yes, its upper limit is set to 0.50%.

【0011】Mn:1.00%以下 MnはSiと同様に脱酸材、脱硫材として効果を有する元素
である。しかし多量に含有させるとMs点を低下し、固溶
化熱処理後の残留オ−ステナイト量を増加させて析出硬
化能を小さくし、かつマルテンサイト組織の硬さを高め
るためその上限を1.00%とした。
Mn: 1.00% or less Mn is an element having an effect as a deoxidizer and desulfurizer similarly to Si. However, when contained in a large amount, the Ms point is lowered, the amount of retained austenite after solution heat treatment is increased, the precipitation hardening ability is reduced, and the upper limit is set to 1.00% in order to increase the hardness of the martensite structure. .

【0012】S:0.005 %以下 Sは被削性を改善する元素であるが、多量に含有させる
と耐食性、熱間加工性および冷間加工性を損なう元素で
あり、その含有を抑制する必要があり、上限を0.005 %
とした。
S: 0.005% or less S is an element that improves machinability, but if contained in a large amount, it is an element that impairs corrosion resistance, hot workability and cold workability, and its content must be suppressed. Yes, with an upper limit of 0.005%
And

【0013】Ni:6.80〜8.00% NiはCr,Mo とともに耐食性を改善するステンレス鋼の基
本元素である。また、Niは強力なγ相形成元素で高温で
のδ/γバランスを改善し、熱間加工性を左右する元素
であり、優れた熱間加工性と耐食性及び析出硬化後の良
好な靱性を得るためには、少なくとも6.80%以上の含有
が必要である。しかし多量に含有させるとMs点が低下し
てオ−ステナイト組織が増加し、析出硬化後の硬さが充
分に高くならないため、その上限を8.00%とした。
Ni: 6.80% to 8.00% Ni is a basic element of stainless steel which improves corrosion resistance together with Cr and Mo. Ni is a powerful γ-phase forming element that improves δ / γ balance at high temperature and affects hot workability. It has excellent hot workability, corrosion resistance and good toughness after precipitation hardening. In order to obtain it, the content must be at least 6.80% or more. However, when contained in a large amount, the Ms point decreases, the austenite structure increases, and the hardness after precipitation hardening does not become sufficiently high. Therefore, the upper limit was made 8.00%.

【0014】Cr:15.0〜17.0% Crは本発明鋼の耐食性を確保する基本的な元素であり、
この効果を得るには15.0%以上の含有が必要である。し
かしCrは強力なδ相形成元素であり、高温でのδ/γバ
ランスを損ない、熱間加工性を低下させ、かつMs点が低
下しオ−ステナイト組織が増加し、析出硬化後の硬さが
充分に高くならないため、そのその上限を17.0%とし
た。
Cr: 15.0 to 17.0% Cr is a basic element for ensuring the corrosion resistance of the steel of the present invention.
To obtain this effect, the content of 15.0% or more is required. However, Cr is a strong δ phase forming element, impairing δ / γ balance at high temperature, lowering hot workability, lowering Ms point, increasing austenite structure, and increasing hardness after precipitation hardening. Is not sufficiently high, its upper limit is set to 17.0%.

【0015】Mo:0.50〜2.00% Moは耐食性、特に耐海水性を確保するに必要な元素であ
り、0.50%以上の含有が必要である。しかし多量に含有
させるとMs点が低下してオ−ステナイト組織が増加し、
析出硬化後の硬さが充分に高くならず、かつMoは強力な
δ層形成元素でもあり、多量に含有させると高温でのδ
/γバランスを損ない熱間加工性を低下させるため、そ
の上限を2.00%とした。
Mo: 0.50 to 2.00% Mo is an element necessary for ensuring corrosion resistance, particularly seawater resistance, and must be contained at 0.50% or more. However, when contained in a large amount, the Ms point decreases and the austenite structure increases,
The hardness after precipitation hardening is not sufficiently high, and Mo is also a strong δ layer forming element.
The upper limit is set to 2.00% in order to impair the / γ balance and reduce the hot workability.

【0016】N:0.030 %以下 NはCと同様に強力なγ相形成元素で高温でのδ/γバ
ランスを改善する元素である。しかし、多量に含有させ
ると固溶化熱処理後の残留オ−ステナイト量が増加し、
十分な析出硬化能を得ることができないため、その上限
を0.030 %とした。
N: 0.030% or less N is a strong γ phase forming element similar to C and is an element for improving the δ / γ balance at high temperature. However, when contained in a large amount, the amount of retained austenite after solution heat treatment increases,
Since sufficient precipitation hardening ability cannot be obtained, the upper limit is set to 0.030%.

【0017】Cu:0.50〜3.50% Cuは優れた析出硬化能を有し、かつ耐食性をも改善する
元素である。十分な析出硬化能と耐食性を得るためには
少なくとも0.50%以上の含有が必要である。しかし3.50
%を越えて含有させるとCuによる脆化により熱間加工性
を損ない、かつMs点が低下し、オ−ステナイト組織が増
加し析出硬化後の硬さが十分に高くならないため、その
上限を3.50%とした。
Cu: 0.50 to 3.50% Cu is an element having excellent precipitation hardening ability and also improving corrosion resistance. In order to obtain sufficient precipitation hardening ability and corrosion resistance, the content must be at least 0.50% or more. But 3.50
%, The hot workability is impaired due to embrittlement by Cu, the Ms point decreases, the austenite structure increases, and the hardness after precipitation hardening does not become sufficiently high. %.

【0018】Nb:0.05〜0.40% NbはC,Nを固定して固溶化熱処理後の硬さ上昇を抑制
する元素であり、0.05%以上の含有が必要である。しか
し、必要以上に含有させると高温でのδ/γバランスを
損ない熱間加工性を低下させるため、その上限を0.40%
とした。
Nb: 0.05 to 0.40% Nb is an element that fixes C and N and suppresses an increase in hardness after solution heat treatment, and must be contained at 0.05% or more. However, if contained more than necessary, the δ / γ balance at high temperatures is impaired and the hot workability is reduced, so the upper limit is 0.40%.
And

【0019】V:0.05〜0.25% VはC,Nを固定して固溶化熱処理後の硬さ上昇を抑制
する元素であり、0.05%以上の含有が必要である。しか
し、必要以上に含有させると高温でのδ/γバランスを
損ない熱間加工性を低下させるため、その上限を0.25%
とした。
V: 0.05 to 0.25% V is an element that fixes C and N and suppresses an increase in hardness after solution heat treatment, and V must be contained at 0.05% or more. However, if contained more than necessary, the δ / γ balance at high temperatures is impaired and the hot workability is reduced, so the upper limit is 0.25%.
And

【0020】Ti:0.05〜0.20% TiはC,Nを固定して固溶化熱処理後の硬さ上昇を抑制
する元素であり、0.05%以上の含有が必要である。しか
し、必要以上に含有させると高温でのδ/γバランスを
損ない熱間加工性を低下させるため、その上限を0.20%
とした。
Ti: 0.05 to 0.20% Ti is an element that fixes C and N and suppresses an increase in hardness after solution heat treatment, and must be contained in an amount of 0.05% or more. However, if it is contained more than necessary, the δ / γ balance at high temperatures is impaired and the hot workability is reduced.
And

【0021】B:0.0005〜0.0030%、Ca:0.0010〜0.01
00%、Mg:0.0010〜0.0100%、REM :0.0010〜0.0100% B,Ca,Mg,REMはいずれも熱間加工性を改善する元素であ
り, Bは0.0005%以上、Ca,Mg,REM はそれぞれ0.0010%
以上の含有が必要である。しかし、必要以上に含有させ
ても効果が飽和するのでその上限を、Bは0.0030%、C
a,Mg,REM はそれぞれ0.0100%とした。
B: 0.0005-0.0030%, Ca: 0.0010-0.01
00%, Mg: 0.0010-0.0100%, REM: 0.0010-0.0100% B, Ca, Mg, REM are all elements that improve hot workability, B is 0.0005% or more, and Ca, Mg, REM are each 0.0010%
The above content is necessary. However, the effect is saturated even if it is contained more than necessary, so the upper limit is set to 0.0030%, C
a, Mg, and REM were each set to 0.0100%.

【0022】C+N:0.045 %以下 C,Nは強力なγ相形成元素で高温でのδ/γバランス
を改善する元素である。しかし、多量に含有させると固
溶化熱処理後の残留オ−ステナイト量が増加し、十分な
析出硬化能を得ることができないため、その上限を0.04
5%とした。
C + N: 0.045% or less C and N are strong γ phase forming elements and improve δ / γ balance at high temperature. However, if contained in a large amount, the amount of retained austenite after the solution heat treatment increases, and sufficient precipitation hardening ability cannot be obtained.
5%.

【0023】6.8≦Ni+27(C+N)−3.5(Nb+2V+
2Ti)≦8.0 (以下式(X1)という) 上記式において、6.8 未満では残留オ−ステナイト量が
10% 未満となりマルテンサイト単相組織に近づき、靱性
が低下するとともに冷間加工性、機械加工性が低下する
ためであり、8.0 を越えると残留オ−ステナイト量が30
%を越えて十分な析出硬化能を得ることができないため
である。
6.8 ≦ Ni + 27 (C + N) −3.5 (Nb + 2V +
2Ti) ≦ 8.0 (hereinafter referred to as formula (X1)) In the above formula, if less than 6.8, the amount of retained austenite is low.
It is less than 10%, approaching the martensitic single phase structure, lowering toughness and lowering cold workability and machinability.If it exceeds 8.0, the amount of retained austenite is 30%.
%, And a sufficient precipitation hardening ability cannot be obtained.

【0024】(Nb+2V+2Ti)/(C+N)≧ 5.5
(以下、式(X2)という) 上記式において、5.5 未満ではNbによるC,Nを炭窒化
物としての固定が不十分となり耐食性が低下するためで
ある。
(Nb + 2V + 2Ti) / (C + N) ≧ 5.5
(Hereinafter referred to as formula (X2)) In the above formula, if it is less than 5.5, fixation of C and N by Nb as carbonitride becomes insufficient, and the corrosion resistance is reduced.

【0025】[0025]

【実施例】つぎに本発明の特徴を従来鋼、比較鋼と比べ
て実施例でもって明らかにする。表1において1〜18鋼
は本発明鋼であり、19〜26鋼は比較鋼であり、27、28
は従来鋼で、27鋼はSUS630, 28鋼はSUS316である。な
お、比較鋼のうち19鋼はC含有量が高く、かつ前記式(X
1), 式(X2)を外れるものであり、20鋼はSi含有量が高い
もので、21、24鋼はNi含有量が低く、かつ式(X1)を外れ
るものであり、22鋼はCr含有量が低いもので、23鋼は
Mo含有量が低いものである。また、25鋼は、各化学成分
は成分限定範囲を満たすものの、式(1)の計算値が式(1)
の上限値より高く外れるものであり、26鋼は、各化学成
分は成分限定範囲を満たすものの、式(1)の計算値が式
(1)の下限値より低く外れるものである。
EXAMPLES Next, the features of the present invention will be clarified by examples in comparison with conventional steels and comparative steels. In Table 1, 1 to 18 steels are the present invention steels, 19 to 26 steels are comparative steels, 27 and 28 steels are conventional steels, 27 steel is SUS630, and 28 steel is SUS316. Incidentally, among the comparative steels, 19 steels had a high C content and had the formula (X
1), which deviates from the formula (X2), steel 20 has a high Si content, steels 21 and 24 have a low Ni content and deviates from the formula (X1), and steel 22 has a Cr content. Low in content, 23 steels
Mo content is low. In addition, 25 steel
Satisfies the component limitation range, but the calculated value of equation (1) is
Is higher than the upper limit of
Although the minute satisfies the component limitation range, the calculated value of equation (1) is
It falls below the lower limit of (1).

【0026】[0026]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0027】表2は表1の供試鋼の固溶化熱処理後およ
び析出硬化後の引張強さ、硬さ、固溶化熱処理後の被削
性、析出硬化後のシャルピ−衝撃値、熱間加工性および
耐食性について示したものである。なお、固溶化熱処理
は、1040℃×30min 急冷とし、析出時効処理は480 ℃×
1Hr空冷で行った。
Table 2 shows the tensile strength and hardness of the test steels of Table 1 after solution heat treatment and after precipitation hardening, machinability after solution heat treatment, Charpy impact value after precipitation hardening, hot working. It shows the properties and corrosion resistance. The solution heat treatment was quenched at 1040 ° C x 30 min, and the precipitation aging treatment was 480 ° C x
Performed with 1Hr air cooling.

【0028】引張強さについては,JIS 4号試験片を用い
て測定したものであり、衝撃値についてはシャルピ−衝
撃試験機にて JIS3号Uノッチ試験片を用いて測定した
ものであり、被削性についてはφ40mm×10mmの素材を、
5個用意し、切削工具としてφ5mmの SKH51ストレ−ト
ドリルを用いて、回転数 790rpm 、送り0.18mm/rev,潤
滑油なしでドリル穿孔性を測定した。
The tensile strength was measured by using a JIS No. 4 test piece, and the impact value was measured by a Charpy impact tester using a JIS No. 3 U notch test piece. For the machinability, a material of φ40 mm × 10 mm,
Five pieces were prepared, and the drilling performance was measured using a SKH51 straight drill having a diameter of 5 mm as a cutting tool, at a rotation speed of 790 rpm, at a feed of 0.18 mm / rev, and without lubricating oil.

【0029】熱間加工性については、30Kgの鋼塊より切
り出した試験片を、グリ−ブル試験装置を用いて1100℃
で、引張速度50mm/秒という条件で高速高温引張試験を
行い、その絞り値が90% 以上を○、80% 以上を△、80%
未満を×として評価した。
For hot workability, a test piece cut out of a 30 kg steel ingot was used at 1100 ° C. using a grease test apparatus.
A high-speed high-temperature tensile test was conducted under the conditions of a tensile speed of 50 mm / sec.
Less than was evaluated as x.

【0030】耐食性については、JISG0578に基づいて評
価した。すなわち、35℃×6%FeCl3+1/20N HCl 水溶液
中に24時間浸漬した場合の腐食減量を示したものであ
る。
The corrosion resistance was evaluated based on JIS G0578. That is, it shows the corrosion loss when immersed in a 35 ° C. × 6% FeCl 3 + 1 / 20N HCl aqueous solution for 24 hours.

【0031】表2から明らかなように、固溶化熱処理状
態の引張強さ及び硬さについては、従来鋼である27鋼が
多量のCを含有することにより引張強さが1156 N/mm2,
硬さがHv 350と高いものであり、また比較鋼である20鋼
は多量のSiを含有し、21鋼はNi含有量が少なく、26鋼は
式(1)の計算値が低く外れることにより、引張強さが103
9、1064、1021 N/mm2 、硬さがHv321,341,318 と何れ
も高いものであるのに対して、本願発明鋼である1〜18
鋼は引張強さが 782〜 894 N/mm2,硬さがHv 247〜292
といずれも従来鋼である27鋼に比べて引張強さ及び硬さ
が低いものであり、冷間加工性、機械加工性に優れたも
のである。
As is clear from Table 2, the tensile strength and hardness in the solution heat treated state were 1156 N / mm 2 , since the conventional steel 27 contained a large amount of C.
Hardness is as high as Hv 350, also 20 steel is a comparative steel contains a large amount of Si, 21 steel rather small, the Ni content, 26 steel
When the calculated value of equation (1) deviates low , the tensile strength becomes 103
9 , 1064 and 1021 N / mm 2 , and the hardness is as high as Hv321 , 341 and 318 , respectively.
Steel has a tensile strength of 782-894 N / mm 2 and a hardness of Hv 247-292
Both have lower tensile strength and hardness than the conventional steel 27 , and are excellent in cold workability and machinability.

【0032】また、析出硬化後の引張強さ及び硬さにつ
いては、比較鋼である19鋼がC含有量が多く、25鋼は式
(1)の計算値が高く外れることにより残留オ−ステナイ
ト量が増加し、十分な析出硬化能が得られず引張強さが
917,886N/mm2,硬さがHv 281,279と低いものであるのに
対して、本願発明鋼である1〜18鋼は引張強さが1019〜
1134N/mm2,硬さがHv 320〜361 と高く、高強度を有す
るものである。析出硬化後のシャルピ−衝撃値について
は、従来鋼である27鋼は残留オ−ステナイト量が10% 未
満となり、マルテンサイト単相組織に近づき衝撃値が52
J/cm2と低く、比較鋼である20、21、24鋼はSi含有量が
高いか、Ni含有量が低いため、若しくは、比較鋼26のよ
うに式(1)の計算値が低く外れることにより残留オ−ス
テナイト量が10% 未満となり、いずれも衝撃値が71〜85
J/cm2 と低く、靱性が劣るものであるのに対して、本願
発明鋼は衝撃値がいずれも 120 J/cm2の高い値を示して
おり優れた靱性を有するものである。
[0032] Also, the tensile strength and hardness after precipitation hardening, rather large, 19 steel C content is a comparative steels, 25 steels formula
When the calculated value of (1) deviates from a high value, the amount of retained austenite increases, and sufficient precipitation hardening ability cannot be obtained, and the tensile strength decreases.
917, 886 N / mm 2, with respect to hardness that is as low as Hv 281, 279, 1~18 steel is the present invention steel tensile strength 1019~
It has a high strength of 1134 N / mm 2 and a high hardness of Hv 320 to 361. Regarding the Charpy impact value after precipitation hardening, the conventional steel No. 27 had an amount of retained austenite of less than 10%, approached a martensitic single phase structure, and had an impact value of 52%.
J / cm 2 and lower, comparative steels in which 20, 21, 24 or the steel has a high Si content, is low Ni content, or calculated value of the formula (1) is out as low as comparative steels 26 As a result,
The amount of tenite is less than 10%, and the impact value of each is 71 to 85
J / cm 2 and lower, whereas the one in which toughness is poor, the present invention steel impact value is one that has excellent toughness both shows a high 120 J / cm 2 values.

【0033】また、被削性については、従来鋼である27
鋼が23mm, 比較鋼である20,21,24,26 鋼が21〜29mmと低
いものであるのに対して、本願発明鋼は73〜94mmと優れ
た被削性を有し、さらに熱間加工性についても比較鋼で
ある20鋼が絞り値が80% 以下、21,24鋼が90% 以下であ
るのに対して、本願発明鋼は何れも90% 以上の絞り値を
有し、優れた熱間加工性を有することが確認された。
[0033] In addition, for the machinability, which is a conventional steel 27
The steel of the present invention has excellent machinability of 73 to 94 mm, whereas the steel of 23 mm and the comparative steels 20, 21, 24 , and 26, which are 21 to 29 mm, are low, and Regarding the workability, the comparison steel 20 steel has an aperture value of 80% or less, and the steels 21 and 24 have an aperture value of 90% or less, whereas the steels of the present invention have an aperture value of 90% or more, and are excellent. It was confirmed that it had hot workability.

【0034】耐食性については、その腐食減量が従来鋼
である27鋼が30.3g/m2・Hr, 比較鋼である19〜24鋼が
7.4〜13.9g/m2・Hrといずれも多く耐食性が低いもので
あるのに対して、本願発明鋼はいずれの供試鋼も6.0 g/
m2・Hr以下であり、優れた耐食性を有することが確認さ
れた。
[0034] For the corrosion resistance, 27 steel that corrosion loss is a conventional steel 30.3g / m 2 · Hr, is from 19 to 24 steels are comparative steels
7.4 ~13.9g / m with respect to not less low 2 · Hr and any number corrosion resistance of any invention steels sample steels also 6.0 g /
m 2 · Hr or less, and it was confirmed to have excellent corrosion resistance.

【0035】本発明の析出硬化型ステンレス鋼は以上詳
述したように腐食減量が6.0 g/m2・Hr以下とSUS316並の
優れた耐食性を有し、固溶化熱処理後の引張強さが 900
N /mm2 以下、硬さがHv292 以下と低く、優れた冷間加
工性、機械加工性を有し、かつ析出硬化後の引張強さが
1000 N/mm2 以上, 硬さがHv 320以上とSUS630並の高強
度を有し、さらに析出硬化後の衝撃値についても120 J/
cm2 の高い値を示し優れた靱性を有し、被削性および熱
間加工性についても優れた鋼である。
As described in detail above, the precipitation hardening type stainless steel of the present invention has a corrosion weight loss of 6.0 g / m 2 · Hr or less, excellent corrosion resistance comparable to SUS316, and a tensile strength after solution heat treatment of 900.
N / mm 2 or less, is Hv292 or less as low hardness, excellent cold workability, has machinability, and the tensile strength after precipitation hardening
1000 N / mm 2 or more, hardness is Hv 320 or more, high strength comparable to SUS630, and impact value after precipitation hardening is 120 J /
It has a high value of cm 2 , has excellent toughness, and is excellent in machinability and hot workability.

【表2】 [Table 2]

【表3】 [Table 3]

フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭61−147855(JP,A) 特開 平2−140465(JP,A) 特開 昭59−93858(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) C22C 38/00 - 38/60 Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-61-147855 (JP, A) JP-A-2-140465 (JP, A) JP-A-59-93858 (JP, A) (58) Fields studied (Int .Cl. 7 , DB name) C22C 38/00-38/60

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】重量比にして、C:0.030 %以下,Si:0.
50%以下,Mn:1.00%以下,S: 0.005%以下、Ni:6.
80〜8.00%、Cr:15.0〜17.0%,Mo:0.50〜2.00%,
N:0.030 %以下,Cu:0.50〜3.50%と, Nb:0.05〜0.
40%,V:0.05〜0.25%,Ti:0.05〜0.20%のうち1種
ないし2種以上を含有し、かつC+Nを0.045 %以下,
6.8 ≦Ni+27(C+N)− 3.5(Nb+2V+2Ti)≦8.
0 および(Nb+2V+2Ti)/(C+N)≧5.5 とし,
析出硬化後の組織をマルテンサイト、オ−ステナイト2
相組織とし、かつオ−ステナイト相を10〜30%としたこ
とを特徴とする耐食性に優れた析出硬化型ステンレス
鋼。
(1) In terms of weight ratio, C: 0.030% or less, Si: 0.
50% or less, Mn: 1.00% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Ni: 6.
80 ~ 8.00%, Cr: 15.0 ~ 17.0%, Mo: 0.50 ~ 2.00%,
N: 0.030% or less, Cu: 0.50-3.50%, Nb: 0.05-0.
40%, V: 0.05 to 0.25%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.20%, containing one or more kinds and C + N of 0.045% or less,
6.8 ≦ Ni + 27 (C + N) −3.5 (Nb + 2V + 2Ti) ≦ 8.
0 and (Nb + 2V + 2Ti) / (C + N) ≧ 5.5,
The structure after precipitation hardening is martensite, austenite 2
A precipitation-hardening stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance, characterized by having a phase structure and an austenite phase of 10 to 30%.
【請求項2】重量比にして、C:0.030 %以下,Si:0.
50%以下,Mn:1.00%以下,S: 0.005%以下、Ni:6.
80〜8.00%、Cr:15.0〜17.0%,Mo:0.50〜2.00%,
N:0.030 %以下,Cu:0.50〜3.50%と, Nb:0.05〜0.
40%,V:0.05〜0.25%,Ti:0.05〜0.20%のうち1種
ないし2種以上と、B:0.0005〜0.0030%,Ca:0.0010
〜0.0100%,Mg:0.0010〜0.0100%、REM :0.0010〜0.
0100%のうち1種ないし2種以上を含有し、かつC+N
を0.045 %以下,6.8 ≦Ni+27(C+N)− 3.5(Nb+
2V+2Ti)≦8.0 および(Nb+2V+2Ti)/(C+
N)≧5.5 とし、析出硬化後の組織をマルテンサイト、
オ−ステナイト2相組織とし、かつオ−ステナイト相を
10〜30%としたことを特徴とする耐食性に優れた析出硬
化型ステンレス鋼。
2. In terms of weight ratio, C: 0.030% or less, Si: 0.
50% or less, Mn: 1.00% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Ni: 6.
80 ~ 8.00%, Cr: 15.0 ~ 17.0%, Mo: 0.50 ~ 2.00%,
N: 0.030% or less, Cu: 0.50-3.50%, Nb: 0.05-0.
40%, V: 0.05 to 0.25%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.20%, one or more of them, B: 0.0005 to 0.0030%, Ca: 0.0010
-0.0100%, Mg: 0.0010-0.0100%, REM: 0.0010-0.
0 + 100% or more, and C + N
Less than 0.045%, 6.8 ≤ Ni + 27 (C + N) -3.5 (Nb +
2V + 2Ti) ≦ 8.0 and (Nb + 2V + 2Ti) / (C +
N) ≧ 5.5, and the structure after precipitation hardening is martensite,
Austenitic two-phase structure, and austenitic phase
Precipitation hardened stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance characterized by being 10-30%.
JP04164112A 1992-05-29 1992-05-29 Precipitation hardened stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance Expired - Lifetime JP3079294B2 (en)

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JP3079294B2 true JP3079294B2 (en) 2000-08-21

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US8663403B2 (en) 2009-02-04 2014-03-04 General Electric Company High corrosion resistance precipitation hardened martensitic stainless steel
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