JP3073354B2 - Cross load device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cross-loading device used for a destructive test of a substance performed in an environment in a high-pressure fluid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a cylindrical body type container is used as a high-pressure container for a substance in a conventional cross-loading device. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are a side view and a plan view showing an example of a conventional cross load applying device constituted by using such a cylindrical body type container. 01 is a high-pressure container comprising a cylindrical body 02 and upper and lower lids 03 and 04; 05 is a high-pressure processing chamber formed in the container 01; and 06 and 07 are provided in the center holes of the upper lid 03 and the lower lid 04 so as to be vertically movable. Vertical load transmission rod, 0
Reference numerals 8 and 09 denote rods for transmitting a horizontal load provided in a horizontal hole near the intermediate height of the cylindrical body 02 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, 010 denotes a test substance set on the rod 07, and 011 denotes a distance between the above-mentioned constituent members. It is a seal member interposed in.

[0003] A high-pressure fluid is sent to a processing chamber 05 in a container 01 via a pipe (not shown), and the same load is applied to an upper vertical load transmitting rod 06 and a lower rod 07, and at the same time, the left and right horizontal The same load facing the load transmission rods 08 and 09 is also applied, and a cross load is applied to the test substance 010 from two perpendicular directions.

In the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, when the internal pressure of the processing chamber 05 is applied to the container 01, the stress and deformation amount appear differently in the axial direction (vertical direction) and the horizontal direction (circumferential direction) of the cylindrical body 02. . For example, in the calculation example under the conditions shown in FIG. 9, the deformation amount of the hole diameter d of the hole 012 of the cylindrical body 02 has a difference of nearly 20 times between the circumferential direction (Δdθ) and the vertical direction (Δdz), and the horizontal load transmitting rod The seal under high pressure of 08 and 09 parts is deteriorated, and when the hole diameter and the rod diameter are large, the seal under high pressure becomes difficult. The hole 012 of the cylindrical body 02
Is three times the circumferential stress (σθ) (3 × σ).
θ).

[0005] Further, conventionally, in this type of apparatus, with high thermal efficiency so that an accurate test can be performed under high temperature and high pressure,
There is a need for a device that can stably heat a test substance to a required temperature and apply a cross load. In addition, this type of device has a drawback that the injection of high-pressure fluid into the high-pressure container cannot be performed smoothly due to the heat shielding structure and the like, and a cross load applying device that is easy to operate is desired.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems by enhancing the sealing performance of a container of this kind under high pressure and reducing the local concentrated stress of the high-pressure container. I have.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus of this type which can apply a load while being stably heated to a required temperature with a small heat loss.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus of this kind which has a configuration in which a high-pressure fluid can be easily injected into a high-pressure vessel and operation can be easily performed.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for applying a cross load in a direction perpendicular to a test substance in a high-pressure container through the wall of the container through the wall of the container. A cross load transmitting portion is provided which is inserted into the shaft hole provided on the wall of the spherical container through a seal member from a right angle direction through a sealing member, and the spherical high pressure container is provided.
A cap-shaped heat shield wall is provided in the vessel, and the spherical height
The pressure vessel has a pair of lugs around the horizontal load axis.
It is formed and engages with the cochlear portion to support the spherical high-pressure vessel.
And the same spherical high-pressure vessel as
Bearing means movably provided to the
The sphere being supported by the bearing means in an inclined position
Hand that removably engages a high-pressure container and turns the container upside down
A configuration having a step is adopted.

[0010]

In the cross load applying device according to the present invention, as described above, the high-pressure container is formed in a spherical shape, and the cross load is transmitted through a shaft hole formed in the wall of the spherical container from a right angle direction through a seal member. The spherical container has no difference in directionality in structure and stress, and the deformation becomes uniform regardless of the load application direction.
The generated stress is also about half the circumferential stress as compared with the cylindrical body. That is, circumferential stress (σθ) is Shigumashita1 = when the cylindrical barrel vessel ^{[(K 2 +1) / (K} 2 -1) ] × when P spherical container Shigumashita2 = ^{[(K 3 +2) / 2 (} K 3 - 1)] × P Here, assuming that the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter is K = 3, σθ1 = 1.25P and σθ2 = 0.518P. Also, the magnitude of the concentrated stress around the wall axis hole is reduced to a value twice as large as the circumferential stress (2 × σθ) because the concentration due to the difference in directionality is eliminated.

Also, in the cross load applying device according to the present invention ,
Is equipped with a cap-shaped heat shielding wall in a spherical high-pressure vessel.
A pair of ear shafts are formed around the horizontal load application axis of the spherical high-pressure container to engage with the same ear shaft to support the spherical high-pressure container and to move the spherical high-pressure container horizontally from the cross-loading position. bearing means provided movably to and since the same container removably engage the spherical pressure vessel which is supported by said bearing means at the moved position in said horizontal and have a means for upside down, Perform a cross load test under high temperature and high pressure at the cross load load position.At the end of the test, lower the pressure in the high pressure vessel, disconnect from the load application device, move the bearing means to the side, and combine with the reversing means to form a spherical high pressure Turn the container upside down.

In this state, the cap-shaped heat shield wall in the spherical high-pressure vessel is turned upward, and in this state, the upper load transfer rod is pulled out, the cap-shaped heat shield wall and the test substance are replaced. Replacement of liquid, insertion of load transmission rod, etc. Therefore, the escape of the air in the cap-shaped heat shielding wall at the time of liquid injection or replacement is performed smoothly, and the residual air bubbles are eliminated.

[0013]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a cross load applying device according to the present invention.

(First Embodiment) Before describing an embodiment of the present invention , first, the basics of a cross load applying device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The structure and basic operation will be described. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a spherical high-pressure vessel having convex shaft portions 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d having shaft holes penetrated in two directions perpendicular to the upper, lower, left and right directions.
Reference numerals 2 and 2 ′ denote bearings that rotatably support the left and right convex shaft portions 1c and 1d on the support beam 3, respectively. The bearings 2 and 2 'are provided on the support beam 3 in a longitudinal direction by rails or other means (not shown). Reference numeral 4 denotes a high-pressure processing chamber in the spherical high-pressure vessel 1; 5, 6, 7, 8 are vertical and horizontal load transmitting means, ie, load transmitting rods, which are slidably inserted into upper, lower, left and right shaft holes via seal members 9. It is.

Reference numeral 10 denotes an annular yoke frame for receiving a reaction force, which is fixed and installed so as to face the ends of the convex shaft portions 1a to 1d for reinforcing around the axial hole of the spherical high-pressure vessel 1.
Reference numerals 3 and 14 denote cross-load-load hydraulic cylinders fixed to the inner surface of the yoke frame 10 so as to face the ends of the convex shaft portions 1a to 1d of the spherical high-pressure vessel 1. Numeral 15 designates a rod end of each of the hydraulic cylinders 11 to 14 as a load transmitting rod 5.
A clutch 16 detachably connected to the rear ends of the specimens 8 to 8 is a test substance inserted and set between the load transmission rods 5 to 8 in the high-pressure processing chamber 4.

The high-pressure vessel 1 releases the upper, lower, left and right clutches 15 and connects the load transmitting rods 5 to 8 to the hydraulic cylinders 11 to 14.
After being moved perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing on a rail (not shown) on the support girder 3, the bearings 2 and 2 'can be pivoted around the convex shafts 1c and 1d with the fulcrum as a fulcrum. The lower load transmitting rod 6, which is formed to have a large diameter below, is pulled out, and the test substance 16 can be set in and out of the shaft hole. Here, a detailed description of the device for rotating the container 1 is omitted.

After the test substance 16 is set and the lower load transmitting rod 6 is inserted, the container 1 is rotated in the reverse direction to move back to the original position, and the load transmitting rods 5 to 8 are moved to the cylinders 11 to 1.
Connect to 4. A pressurized fluid is introduced into the high-pressure processing chamber 4 by a pipe system (not shown) to make a high-pressure state,
12 at the same time with the same pressure, the left and right hydraulic cylinders 1
When the specimens 3 and 14 are simultaneously stretched at the same pressure, a compressive load is applied to the test substance 16 in two perpendicular directions to perform a destructive test.

At this time, in this apparatus, as shown in FIG. 3, around the shaft hole 17 provided in the wall of the spherical high-pressure vessel 1,
The difference in vertical and horizontal directionality due to the internal pressure is eliminated, the circumferential (horizontal) strain amount (εθ) and the axial (vertical) strain amount (εz) of the container 1 are equal, and the stress ( σθ), (σz) and pore diameter deformation (Δdθ), (Δd
z) is also equal. Further, since the vertical and horizontal structures become equal around the shaft hole 17, the maximum value of the concentrated load generated at this location can be reduced to twice the equal stress in the vertical and horizontal directions (σθ = σz).

That is, assuming that the circumferential stress of the cylindrical body is 1 and the maximum concentrated stress is 3, the generated stress of the spherical body is about 1 /
2 and the concentrated stress is 1. That is, the stress is reduced to about 1 /
2. The concentrated stress can be reduced to about 1/3. As a result, according to this device, the sealing of the shaft hole provided in the wall of the high-pressure vessel is facilitated, the performance of the sealing is enhanced, and the stress value can be reduced, so that the fatigue life is also improved.

Next, the above basic configuration and basic operation will be described.
FIGS. 4 to 6 show a first embodiment of the device according to the present invention .
This will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes a spherical high-pressure container provided with convex shaft portions 41a and 41b and shaft portions 42a and 42b provided with shaft holes penetrating in two directions perpendicular to the upper, lower, left and right directions.
3, 43 'are left and right ear shaft portions 42a, 42, respectively.
(b) are rotatably supported, and are movable bearings provided so as to be slidable synchronously by driving a sprocket chain 45 on a support beam 44 in a lateral direction. 46 is a high-pressure processing chamber in a spherical high-pressure vessel 41; , 48, 49, and 50 are vertical and horizontal load transmitting rods slidably inserted into upper, lower, left and right shaft holes via a seal member 51, and 52 is a convex portion 41a, 41 of the spherical high-pressure container 41.
b and a ring-shaped yoke frame for receiving a reaction force fixedly installed to face the ends of the ear shafts 42a and 42b.

53, 54, 55 and 56 are spherical high pressure vessels 4
Hydraulic rams for cross-loading, which are fixed to the inner surface of the yoke frame 52 so as to face the protrusions 41a, 41b and the ends of the ear shafts 42a, 42b.
This is a clutch in which the rod ends of Nos. To 56 are detachably connected to the rear ends of the load transmitting rods 47 to 50. Reference numeral 58 denotes a heat shield wall in which the test substance 59 is inserted into the high-pressure processing chamber 46 so as to cover it in a cap shape, 58a is a hole provided in the upper and left and right walls of the heat shield wall 58, and 58b and 58c are ends. Hole 58a in shaft
End shafts 58b, 58c and the heat shielding wall 5
A bellows 58d is interposed between the edge of the hole 58a and the hole 8a, and is supported in a shielding manner. 58e is the lower load transmission rod 4
Reference numeral 60 denotes an end shaft fixed to the end of the heater 8 and a heater 60 mounted in the heat shield wall 58. The inside of the high-pressure processing chamber 46 is filled with an injection liquid such as oil.

FIG . 4 shows a state in which a cross load test is performed. In this state, the liquid in the high-pressure processing chamber 46 is increased in pressure, heated by the heater 60 to the required pressure and temperature, and Load transmission rods 47 to 50 and end shafts 58b, 58c, 58 from two directions at right angles by 53 to 56.
A cross load is applied to the test substance 59 via e, and a strength test is performed. When the cross load test is completed, the heating by the heater 60 is stopped, the pressure of the injected liquid is reduced, the clutch 57 is disconnected, and the sprocket chain 45 is driven to drive the spherical high pressure on the bearings 43 and 43 'as shown in FIG. Container 4
1 and the load transmitting rods 47 to 50 are supported and moved laterally.

FIG . 6 is a view taken in the direction of arrow VIII-VIII in the above-mentioned lateral movement position.
A reference numeral 61 denotes a cross section, and 61 is provided on a base 62 provided in contact with the outside of the support girder 44 so as to be slidably driven in a direction perpendicular to the support girder 44 and detachably attached to the end surfaces of the ear shafts 42a and 42b of the high-pressure container 41. This is a high-pressure container reversing means that is gear-coupled. 6 , the left side shows a state in which the reversing means 61 is coupled to the ear shaft 42a, and the right side shows a state in which the reversing means 61 is separated from the ear shaft 42b.
The sliding drive device of the reversing means 61 can use a hydraulic cylinder or the like, and is not shown.

As shown on the left side of FIG .
1 'is connected to the ear shafts 42a and 42b,
When the high-pressure container 41 is turned upside down by 180 ° by the drive of 1, the opening of the cap-shaped heat shielding wall 58 is turned upward, and in this state, as shown by a broken line on the right side of FIG. The load transmitting rod 48, the heat shielding wall 58, and the test substance 59 are taken out integrally or individually, and the liquid to be injected is discharged and the test substance is replaced.
The load transmitting rod 48 is fitted and liquid such as oil is injected. At the time of injection of the liquid, since the heat shield wall 58 is in a state where the opening faces upward, the air escapes smoothly,
Entrapment of air bubbles inside is also eliminated.

The container 41 is reversed by the reversing means 61 and 61 'and is returned by the driving of the sprocket chain 45 to the solid line position on the left side in FIG.
0 is connected to the hydraulic rams 53 to 56 by the clutch 57, and the pressure increase, heating and cross load test of the liquid in the processing chamber are repeated again. Therefore, according to the above-described apparatus, when the liquid is injected into or exchanged into the processing chamber 46, the escape of the air in the cap-shaped heat shielding wall 58 becomes smooth, and no bubbles remain, and the work due to the remaining bubbles is difficult. Further, deterioration of the pressurized liquid is eliminated.

Although the apparatus according to the present invention has been specifically described based on the illustrated embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and the shape of the apparatus may be within the scope of the present invention described in the appended claims. Needless to say, various changes may be made to the structure.

[0027]

As specifically described above, the present invention relates to an apparatus for applying a cross load in a right angle direction to the test substance in a high-pressure container through the wall of the container, wherein the high-pressure container has a spherical shape. By adopting a configuration in which a cross load transmitting portion is provided through a shaft hole provided in the wall of the spherical container through a seal member from a right angle direction through a sealing member, the load transmission provided in the high pressure container wall is adopted. The directional stress difference around the rod hole is eliminated, and the deformation becomes uniform regardless of the load application direction. In addition, the magnitude of the concentrated stress around the wall hole also decreases due to the difference in directionality, and the circumferential stress is reduced by 2%.
The value is reduced to a double value (2 × σθ), and as a result, it has the effects of facilitating sealing, improving the performance of the seal, and reducing local concentrated stress, and is extremely useful.

Furthermore, a cross load applying device according to the present invention.
The location, in addition to the configuration described above, cache spherical pressure vessel
A heat shield wall in the shape of a loop is provided, and a pair of ear shafts are formed around the horizontal load application axis for the spherical high pressure container, and the spherical high pressure container is supported by engaging with the same ear shaft. Bearing means for arranging the spherical high-pressure vessel laterally from the cross-loading position, and detachably engaging the spherical high-pressure vessel supported by the bearing means at the laterally moved position to vertically move the container It employs a configuration having a means for inverting
When the liquid is injected into the high-pressure container, the escape of internal air caused by the cap-shaped heat shield
This is extremely useful because it has the effect of eliminating the difficulty of work due to the residual bubbles and the deterioration of the pressurized liquid.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a cross load applying device of the present invention.
Longitudinal side view to some.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an operation along a line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a cross section of a part of the container reversing type cross load applying device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG. 4 ;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 5 ;

FIG. 7 is a side view showing an example of a conventional high-pressure container type cross load applying device in a partial longitudinal section.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the operation along the line XI-XI in FIG. 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spherical high-pressure container 1a-1d Convex shaft part 3 Support girder 4 High-pressure processing chamber 5-8 Load transmitting means 9 Seal member 10 Yoke frame 11-14 Hydraulic cylinder for cross load loading 15 Clutch 16 Sample material 17 Container wall axis Hole 41 High-pressure container 42a, 42b Ear shaft 43 Bearing 44 Support girder 45 Chain sprocket 46 Processing chamber 47-50 Load transmission rod 51 Seal member 52 Yoke frame 53-56 Hydraulic ram for cross load loading 57 Clutch 58 Cap-shaped heat shield wall 59 Test substance 60 Heater 61 Container inversion means 62

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An apparatus for applying a cross load in a right angle direction from outside to a test substance in a high-pressure container through the wall of the container, wherein the high-pressure container is formed in a spherical shape and provided on the wall of the spherical container. via a sealing member in the shaft hole is inserted from the direction perpendicular cross load transfer portion is provided, the spherical high
A cap-shaped heat shielding wall is provided in the pressure vessel,
Type high pressure vessel has a pair of ear shafts around the horizontal load application axis.
The spherical high-pressure container is supported by engaging the ear shaft portion.
The same spherical high-pressure vessel as
Bearing means movably provided from side to side, and said side means
In the position defined by the bearing means
Removably engages a spherical high-pressure container and turns the container upside down.
A cross load applying device comprising: