JP3073251B2 - Seeding equipment for raising seedlings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seedling seeding apparatus for sowing seeds using a seedling box having a vertically and horizontally partitioned inside for producing pot seedlings such as lettuce, cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese cabbage. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional seeding apparatus for raising seedlings for pot seedlings, the inside of a raising seedling box is divided vertically and horizontally to form a pot portion so that seeds are not moved by irrigation, soil covering, and the like. The seed soil is placed, a seeding recess is formed in the center of the upper surface of the floor soil in the pot portion, and the seed is seeded in the seeding recess. Rotate while synchronizing with transport, drop seeds from the recess just below the seeding roll,
The seedlings are supplied to the seeding recesses of the nursery box for each row.

[0003]

In the prior art, there is no problem in sowing relatively large seeds such as rice, but small seeds such as lettuce and cabbage can be coated even if coated. When seeding 1 to 3 seeds at a time, the seeding roll is rotating, so it is difficult for seeds to enter from the hopper if the recess is made small, and the seeding roll is rotated and the seedling box is moved linearly. It is difficult to accurately drop and supply while synchronizing with the time.

Therefore, a seeding plate having a large number of seed holes for accommodating seeds of a required grain is linearly reciprocated in a seedling box transport direction from a position for receiving seeds to a position for releasing seeds, and the seedling boxes are intermittently moved at a constant pitch. It can be transported. However, if the nursery box is intermittently transported at the time of sowing as described above, when the transport of the nursery box to the device is stopped for some reason and then restarted, the stopped nursery box takes time to start moving. Therefore, the seedling box sent from the floor soiling device may collide with the seedling box, causing the previous seedling box to be displaced from the seeding position, which may make accurate sowing difficult.

According to the present invention, the seedling box is transported intermittently by the seedling box transport mechanism by detecting the introduction of the seedling box into the apparatus,
This detection means is provided with a sensor for holding the operation of the seedling box transport mechanism until the rear end of the seedling box passes after the carry-in detection sensor is turned off, and even if the introduction of the seedling box is stopped for any reason. It is another object of the present invention to provide a seedling seeding apparatus for seedlings that can be sowed accurately in a seeding recess in each seedling raising box without the new seedling raising box colliding with the preceding seedling raising box when restarted next time.

[0006]

A specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is a seed storage section 4 formed in a hopper 11 and a seed seed, which is disposed at the bottom of the seed storage section 4 and has a predetermined grain size. A seeding plate 3 having a large number of seed holes 2 for housing 1;
A fixed base 5 for supporting the seeding board 3 so as to be reciprocally movable in the seedling box transport direction, and a seed disposed below a seed dropping port 6 formed outside a portion of the fixed base 5 corresponding to the seed storage section 4. A shoot 8 for guiding the seedlings 1 to the seedling box 7, a seedling box transfer means 15 for intermittently transferring the seedling boxes 7, and a transfer synchronized with the transfer of the seedling boxes 7 from the time the seedling boxes 7 are loaded to the time they are unloaded. A seeding plate drive mechanism 16 that drives the seeding plate 3 to reciprocate the seed hole 2 from the seed storage unit 4 to a position corresponding to the seed dropping port 6;
Detecting the loading / unloading of the nursery box 7 and detecting the seedling box transport mechanism 1
5 and a seeding plate driving mechanism 16, and the detecting means 22 detects a carry-in of the seedling box 7 and operates a seedling box transport mechanism 15, and a seedling box. 7, a second sensor 24 for detecting the arrival of the seeding position and driving the seeding plate 3 by the seeding plate drive mechanism 16, and a first sensor 23 located between the first and second sensors 23, 24.
And a third sensor 25 for holding the operation of the seedling box transport mechanism 15 until the rear end of the seedling box 7 passes after the switch is turned off.

[0007]

When the nursery box 7 is carried into the apparatus, the first sensor 2
3 detects this, activates the drive source, and activates the seedling box transport mechanism 15 and the seeding plate drive mechanism 16 by its power.
When the seedling box 7 is intermittently transported by the seedling box transport mechanism 15 and reaches the seeding position, the second sensor 24 detects the presence of the seedling box 7 and the slider 19 of the seeding plate drive mechanism 16 and the seeding plate 3.
Are reciprocated integrally on the fixed base 5 in the seedling box transport direction.

The seeding plate 3 reciprocates, so that a large number of seed holes 2 formed therein enter a seed storage section 4 formed below the hopper 11 and store seeds 1 of required grains. Since many seed holes 2 move linearly and stop instantaneously when switching from forward movement to backward movement, the seeds 1 are stored accurately. When the seeding plate 3 moves back and the seed hole 2 moves to a position facing the seed dropping hole 6 formed outside the portion corresponding to the seed storage part 4 of the fixed base 5, the lower part of the seed hole 2 is opened. Seeds 1 fall. Also in this case, the seeding plate 3 is temporarily stopped temporarily because the moving direction is reversed, and the seeds 1 are reliably discharged.

When the seedling box 7 is not carried into the seeding apparatus H for any reason, the first sensor 23 is turned off, but the third sensor 25 holds the operation of the seedling box transport mechanism 15 and the seedling box 7 After the rear end has passed the third sensor 25, the seedling box transport mechanism 15 stops. And then, nursery box 7
When the first sensor 23 is turned ON after the loading of the seedlings is restarted, an interval substantially corresponding to the interval between the first and third sensors 23 and 25 is formed with the rear end of the stopped seedling raising box 7. Collision of the box 7 is avoided.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 6 and 7, the overall configuration of the seeding machine A is such that a conveying device B is incorporated in a machine frame 30 and a floor soil device C, a pressure-reducing roller D, a scraper E, a floor soil brush F, and a seeding recess forming device G are provided thereon. , A seeding device H, a watering device J, a soil covering device K, and a soil covering brush L.

The seedling raising box 7 is constructed by inserting a cell tray 32 into an outer box 31. The inside is vertically and horizontally partitioned by the cell tray 32, and a large number of pot portions 9 are arranged in a vertical and horizontal direction. This seedling raising box 7 is first placed on the first belt conveyor 33 of the transport device B, a required amount of floor soil is supplied through the floor soil device C, and is crushed by the pressure reduction roller D. Excess soil is removed by the scraper E that is in sliding contact with the upper surface, and then the floor soil brush F optimizes the amount of floor soil.

The seeding recess forming device G has a large number of projections 35 arranged in the axial direction and the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the molding roller 34, and is synchronized with the transport speed of the seedling raising box 7 by the power from the first belt conveyor 33. Rotate. By this rotating projection 35, the seedling raising box 7 sent from the floor soil device C is provided.
The seeding recesses 36 having a required depth are continuously formed in the row soil in the center of the floor top surface of each pot portion 9. The outer peripheral surface of the molding roller 34 is in sliding contact with the floor soil brush F and is always cleaned.

The seedling box 7 after the formation of the seeding recesses 36 is sent to the seeding device H, intermittently fed by two pitches by the seedling box transport mechanism 15 of the seeding device H, and simultaneously sent to the seeding recesses 36 of the two rows of pot portions 9. Seeded. The seedling raising box 7 after sowing is conveyed by the second belt conveyor 37 of the conveying device B, a required amount of water and chemicals are supplied by the watering device J, the soil is supplied by the soil covering device K, and the surface of the soil is covered by the soil covering brush L. Is equalized.

In the seeding apparatus H shown in FIGS.
The right and left side walls 41 of the device frame 40 are fixed to the machine frame 30, the operation box 42 and the hopper 11 are fixed on the upper part of the device frame 40, and the motor M and the fixed base 5 are provided in the middle of the left and right side walls 41. Installed. The fixed table 5 is inclined upward in the seedling box transfer direction N (forward direction), and the seeding plate 3 is arranged on the upper surface thereof so as to be able to reciprocate in the seedling box transfer direction N. This sowing plate 3 and hopper 1
A seed storage unit 4 is formed between the storage unit 1 and the storage unit 1. Seed storage unit 4
Is divided by left and right side walls 41 and front and rear partition members 12F and 12R, and the seeding plate 3 is a bottom wall,
The seeds 1 supplied from the hopper 11 are temporarily stored.
The seeds 1 are coated seeds or bare seeds, which are stored at least on the rear lower side of the seed storage unit 4,
The seed 1 may not be present near 2F. The partition member 12 can be formed of a brush or a plate material, and the front upper partition member 12F is preferably formed of a brush.

A plurality of guide wheels 43 rotatably supported on the side wall 41 of the seeding plate 3 ensure smooth reciprocating motion, right / left position control, and prevention of detachment from the fixed base 5. A large number of seed holes 2 are formed in this sowing plate 3 in a horizontal row. The number of the seed holes 2 is set to an integral multiple of the number of the pot portions 9 in one horizontal row of the seedling raising box 7, for example, twice.

The range of the reciprocating movement of the seeding plate 3 is from the position where the seed hole 2 is located at the rear lower part in the seed storage unit 4 to the position where the seed hole 2 is separated from the seed storage unit 4, that is, the seed hole 2 The stroke is such that the seeds 1 of a required grain can be securely stored in the storage unit 4 and the seeds 1 can be taken out of the seed storage unit 4 to a detached position with the surplus seeds removed. Since the seed holes 2 are formed in a large number in one row, the seeds 1 can be stored in the seed storage section 4 under the same conditions and can be simultaneously separated from the seed storage section 4, so that the stroke may be short.

At a front upper portion of a fixed base 5 supporting the seeding plate 3, a seed dropping hole 6 is formed outside (separation position) of a portion corresponding to the seed storage unit 4, and the seed hole 2 separated from the seed storage unit 4 is formed. Can be opposed. When the seed hole 2 faces the seed drop port 6, the seed 1 stored in the seed hole 2 falls from the seed hole 2 through the seed drop port 6. A large number of chutes 8 made of plastic or metal are provided below the seed drop opening 6 of the fixed base 5. Each shoot 8 is arranged in a row so that the upper part can face the seed hole 2, but the lower part is divided into two rows (plural groups) in the seedling box transport direction. The seeding concave portions 36 of the row pot portions 9 can be simultaneously opposed.

A slider 19 is arranged in the front upper extension direction of the fixed base 5. This slider 19 is used for the seeding plate 3.
Similarly, a plurality of upper and lower guide wheels 43 rotatably supported on the side wall 41 achieve smooth reciprocating motion and right and left position regulation. A rack 44 is attached to the lower surface of the slider 19, and a pinion 4
6 is engaged. A gear 47 and a disk 48 are attached to the output shaft of the motor M fixed to the side wall 41 and the rotation shaft 45, and are connected to each other by a crank rod 49. The rotation of the motor M causes the pinion 46 to reciprocate. To move the slider 19 linearly reciprocally.

A pair of right and left clutch claws (engaging bodies) 20 are pivotally supported on the upper surface of the slider 19 via a shaft 51.
Similarly, both ends of a rotating body 53 pivotally supported via a shaft 52 are connected via links 54. Also, the slider 19
A solenoid (engaging member actuating device) 21 is also attached to the upper surface of the armature. The iron core of the solenoid 21 is connected to a rotating body 53, and when the solenoid 21 is excited, the tip of the left and right clutch claws 20 swings outward. (Moving to the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 3).

An engagement recess 55 and a guide surface 56 are formed at the tip of each of the left and right clutch claws 20. When the slider 19 advances to the seeding plate 3 side, the engagement concave portion 55
The sowing plate 3 is engaged with the pin 57 on the upper surface of the sowing plate 3, and is engaged so that the sowing plate 3 is integrally slidable with the slider 19. In this connection, the guide surface 56 is
7 to guide the engagement of the engagement recess 55. And
By demagnetizing the solenoid 21, the clutch pawl 20
The engagement concave portion 55 is pivoted in a direction to separate from the pin 57.

A tension spring (return member) 49 for returning the disengaged seeding plate 3 from the clutch claw 20 to the home position is provided between the seeding plate 3 and the fixed base 5, and assists the returning movement of the seeding plate 3. ing. Therefore, the slider 19 mainly serves to move the seeding plate 3 forward, and when the engagement of the clutch claw 20 is released, the seeding plate 3 is brought into a state (home position) where the seed hole 2 is located in the seed storage part 4. Will be retained.

The motor M, the slider 19, the clutch pawl 20, the solenoid 21, the tension spring 49 and the like constitute a seeding plate drive mechanism 16. Outside the device frame 40, a seedling box transfer mechanism 15 that constitutes a part of the transfer device B is disposed. The seedling box transport mechanism 15 is driven by a motor M,
A pair of interlocking bars 61 supported on the outer surface of the left and right via a roller 60 so as to be able to move back and forth, and a front 1
The frame-shaped movable body 17 is constituted by the two support rods 62 and the rear two support rods 62, and a pair of left and right engagement claws 18 is provided on each support rod 62 so as to be swingable. The mounting plate 6 is mounted on the machine frame 30.
7, two guide rails 68 are provided, and the seedling raising box 7 can be transferred from the first belt conveyor 33. Reference numeral 69 denotes a posture setting plate for setting the lowermost posture so that the engaging claws 18 do not hang down, and is fixed to the support rod 62.

A rotating shaft 63 is supported on the apparatus frame 40. A gear 64 provided at one end of the rotating shaft 63 is a motor M.
And a disk 65 provided at the other end thereof is connected to an interlocking rod 61 via a crank rod 66.
Accordingly, the rotation of the motor M causes the interlocking bar 61 to linearly reciprocate back and forth, and drives all the engagement claws 18 back and forth.

The left and right engaging claws 18 are directed forward and downward,
It is detachable from the pot portions 9 on the left and right sides of the cell tray 32, and engages with the pot portions 9 when moving forward, thereby holding the seedling raising box 7 in two.
It moves forward by a stroke corresponding to the pot portion 9 in the row, and only slides on the upper surface of the cell tray 32 when moving backward, whereby the seedling box 7 is intermittently conveyed. The device frame 40 and the machine frame 30 are provided with a detecting means 22. The detecting means 22 has three sensors 23, 24, 25 capable of adjusting the position in the seedling box transport direction. First
The sensor 23 is located closest to the carrying direction (rear portion), and detects the carrying of the seedling raising box 7 into the seeding apparatus H and detects a motor (power source).
Activate M. The second sensor 24 excites the solenoid 21 of the seeding plate drive mechanism 16 by detecting the seedling raising box 7 that is near the chute 8 and reaches the seeding position.

The third sensor 25 includes first and second sensors 23 and 2
The rear nursery box 7 is located between the four and prevents rear-end collision. That is, the third sensor 25 is ON when the nursery box 7 is detected.
And the operation of the motor M is maintained even when the first sensor 23 is turned off. However, when the supply of the seedling box 7 is interrupted and the first sensor 23 is turned off, and the third sensor 25 is off the rear end of the last seedling box 7 and turned off, the motor M stops. And then a new nursery box 7
Is loaded and the first sensor 23 is turned on, the motor M
Operates to drive the seedling box transport mechanism 15. At this time, even if the engaging claws 18 are in the return stroke and the nursery box 7 cannot be sent immediately, two sensors 23 and 25 are provided between the front end of the new nursery box 7 and the rear end of the last nursery box 7. A gap set by the interval is formed, and the new seedling box 7 is replaced by the last seedling box 7.
Avoiding rear-end collision.

Next, a series of operations in the seeding machine A will be described. The seedling box 7 is constructed by inserting the cell tray 32 into the outer box 31, and the seedling box 7 is placed on the first belt conveyor 33 of the transfer device B and transferred. The seedling box 7 to be transported is first supplied with a required amount of floor soil through a floor soil device C,
After the pressure is suppressed, the excess soil is removed by the scraper E which is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the cell tray 32, and the floor soil brush F optimizes the amount of the floor soil.

The seedling box 7 containing a predetermined amount of floor soil enters the seeding recess forming device G while being sent by the first belt conveyor 33, and projects on the outer periphery of the molding roller 34 which rotates in synchronization with the transport speed. With 35, a seeding concave portion 36 having a required depth is continuously formed at the center of the floor soil of each pot portion 9.
Thereafter, the seedling raising box 7 is sent to the entrance of the seeding apparatus H by the first belt conveyor 33 and is transferred onto the guide rail 68. In the sowing apparatus H, the loading of the seedling box 7 is detected by the first sensor 23, and the motor M is operated to operate the seedling box transport mechanism 15 and the seeding plate drive mechanism 16. The seedling raising box 7 is intermittently fed by two pitches by the engaging claws 18 of the seedling raising box transport mechanism 15. This seedling raising box 7 is located at a predetermined position in the seeding device H, that is,
When reaching the seeding position, the second sensor 24 detects this,
The solenoid 21 of the seeding plate drive mechanism 16 is excited.

In the seeding plate driving mechanism 16, the slider 19 is reciprocated by the power from the motor M. The clutch pawl 20 provided on the slider 19 is activated by the excitation of the solenoid 21, and the seeding plate 3 is actuated. Side and engages with the pins 57 on the seeding plate 3 to move the seeding plate 3 integrally with the slider 19. The seeding plate 3 reciprocates on the fixed base 5, and moves a large number of seed holes 2 formed in one row from inside the seed storage unit 4 to a detached position. The seed storage unit 4 is located below the hopper 11 and stores a large amount of seeds 1.
When the seed holes 2 enter the inside, the seeds 1 are stored in all the seed holes 2 under substantially the same conditions. At this time, the seeding plate 3 stops momentarily because the moving direction changes. Then, when the seed hole 2 passes below the partition member 12 in order to escape from the seed storage unit 4, or because the seeding plate 3 has been inclined forward and upward by that time, the excess seed 1 is eliminated and the seed is removed. The seed 1 of the required grain remains in the hole 2.

All the seed holes 2 are simultaneously detached from the seed storage section 4 and face the seed drop openings 6 of the fixed base 5 supporting the seeding plate 3. The seeds 1 stored in all the seed holes 2 fall from the seed holes 2 through the seed drop openings 6 and enter a large number of shoots 8. Also at this time, the seeding plate 3 stops momentarily because the moving direction changes. Each shoot 8 is arranged in one row so that the upper part can face all the seed holes 2, but the lower part is divided into two rows (plural groups) in the seedling box transport direction, and the seeds 1 entered in one horizontal row Is divided into two groups, the seedling raising box 7 that is intermittently transported.
Are simultaneously seeded in each seeding recess 36 of the two rows of pot portions 9. When the seeding plate 3 releases the seed 1, the slider 19 and the tension spring 49 move the seeding plate 3 back, and return to the seed storage unit 4 to store a new seed 1.

The seedling raising box 7 after sowing is the second belt conveyor 3
7, a required amount of water and chemicals are supplied by the watering device J, and the soil is supplied by the soil covering device K, and the soil surface is leveled. Carrying of the seedling raising box 7 into the seeding apparatus H is performed continuously, but a gap is provided between the front and rear seedling raising boxes 7,
When the second sensor 24 corresponds to this gap, the solenoid 2
1 is demagnetized, the engagement between the seeding plate 3 and the slider 19 is released, and the seeding plate 3 returns to the home position and stands by. Further, when the feeding of the seedling raising box 7 is interrupted for some reason, the first sensor 23 is turned off, but the motor M is driven until the third sensor 25 detects the rear end of the last seedling raising box 7, and the third sensor 23 is turned off. The motor M stops when 25 is turned off. Then, when a new seedling raising box 7 is carried in at a later time, the interval between the two sensors 23 and 25 is provided between the front end of the new seedling raising box 7 and the rear end of the last seedling raising box 7. The set gap is formed, and the rearing of the new seedling box 7 to the last seedling box 7 is avoided. At this time, the solenoid 21 is also demagnetized.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example, each of the sensors 23, 24, and 25 of the detection means 22 uses a contact type sensor such as a limit switch. However, an optical sensor or a non-contact type sensor provided with a magnet in the nursery box 7 may be used. good.

[0032]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the feeding of the seedling box 7 into the apparatus is detected by the detecting means 22, and the seedling box 7 is intermittently transferred by the seedling box transport mechanism 15, and the detecting means 22 is used. Is provided with the third sensor 25 for holding the operation of the seedling box transport mechanism 15 until the rear end of the seedling box 7 passes after the carry-in detection sensor 23 is turned off. Even if the seedling raising box 7 is restarted, a space can be provided between the new seedling raising box and the previous seedling raising box 7 when the next restart, so that rear-end collision between the seedling raising boxes 7 can be avoided.
Accurate sowing to the seeding concave portion 36 in the inside can be secured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional side view of a seedling raising apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional side view of a main part of the seeding device.

FIG. 3 is a view as viewed in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an overall sectional front view of the seeding apparatus.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory sectional view showing a series of sowing operations.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the entire seeding machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 seed 2 seed hole 3 seeding plate 4 seed storage part 5 fixing stand 6 seed drop port 7 seedling raising box 8 shoot 9 pot part 11 hopper 15 seedling box transport mechanism 16 seeding plate drive mechanism 22 detecting means 23 first sensor 24 second sensor 25 Third sensor 36 Seeding recess A Seeding machine B Conveyor C Floor soil device D Squeezing roller E Scraper F Floor soil brush G Seeding recess forming device H Seeding device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 7/08 320 A01C 7/16 A01G 9/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A seed storage part 4 formed below a hopper 11, a seeding plate 3 having a large number of seed holes 2 arranged at the bottom of the seed storage part 4 and storing seeds 1 of a required size. A fixed table 5 for supporting the seeding plate 3 so as to be reciprocally movable in the seedling box transport direction, and a seed drop port 6 formed outside a portion of the fixed table 5 corresponding to the seed storage section 4. A shoot 8 for guiding the seeds 1 to the seedling box 7, a seedling box transfer means 15 for intermittently transferring the seedling box 7, and a transfer of the seedling box 7 from the time the seedling box 7 is loaded to the time it is unloaded. A seeding plate drive mechanism 16 for driving the seeding plate 3 so as to reciprocate the seed hole 2 from the seed storage part 4 to the position corresponding to the seed dropping port 6 in synchronization with the seedling raising box 7. Box transport mechanism 15
Detecting means 22 for operating the seedling box driving mechanism 16, the detecting means 22 detecting a carry-in of the seedling raising box 7 and operating the seedling raising box transport mechanism 15, and a seedling box 7. A second sensor 24 for detecting the arrival of the seeding position of the seeding plate 3 and driving the seeding plate 3 by the seeding plate drive mechanism 16;
The first sensor 23 is located between the two sensors 23 and 24
And a third sensor (25) for holding the operation of the seedling box transport mechanism (15) until the rear end of the seedling box (7) passes through after the FF.