JP3072943B2 - Carbonized waste incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonized refuse incineration which has good combustion efficiency, minimizes exhaust gas, has no noise, vibration and odor, and can be constructed in an urban area where trash is generated. Related to the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a refuse incinerator, there has been a melting furnace, a fluidized-bed furnace and the like. These methods employ a method in which garbage is directly charged into a furnace and burned.

[0003] Therefore, since the refuse contains moisture and has a large combustion shape, the refuse has low combustion efficiency and easily emits smoke. Also,
Combustion gas, water vapor and harmful components are emitted. As a result, the dust collector needs to have high performance, and the pollution prevention function becomes complicated, and the installation space becomes large.
Operation management was complicated. Furthermore, before incineration of garbage, it was necessary to sort combustible garbage and non-combustible garbage.

[0004]

However, even if a garbage incineration facility is constructed in a remote area far away from the source of garbage, traffic congestion occurs due to the garbage truck, and the environment surrounding the facility such as exhaust gas pollution may deteriorate. The construction of a garbage incineration facility was being avoided by the local residents. Further, the method of directly putting garbage into a furnace and burning it simply invites consumption of fossil fuels, and does not make effective use of heat discharged from garbage incineration facilities.

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a carbonized garbage incinerator which can be constructed in an urban area where garbage is generated, has a function of contributing to the area, and a function of not causing environmental destruction.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbonized refuse incinerator having a refuse transport apparatus for transporting refuse in a state where air hardly enters, and a combustion apparatus. A combusting unit that heats the garbage to convert the garbage into a carbonized state; and a sorting device that passes through the garbage transport device and sorts the carbonized garbage into non-combustible and combustible materials. It is characterized in that the material is returned to the combustion section and burned again.

A carbonized refuse incinerator according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a cooling water pipe is provided at an outlet of the trash transport device.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbonized refuse incinerator for recovering water vapor containing harmful substances generated in the process of carbonizing refuse, and discharging harmful substances remaining in the condensing apparatus to the combustion section. And discharge means for discharging.

[0009]

According to the carbonized garbage incinerator according to the first aspect, first, garbage is put into the garbage transport device. Next, the power source of the dust transport device is controlled to transport the dust. that time,
The refuse in the refuse transfer device in a state where air is hardly introduced is heated by using the combustion device of the combustion unit. Since air is difficult to enter, the garbage is carbonized without burning. The carbonized garbage is separated into incombustibles and combustibles by a separation device. Thereafter, the selected combustible substances in the carbonized state are again put into the combustion section and burned as fuel. Since the combustibles in the carbonized state are easily burned, the combustion efficiency is high and the non-combustible exhaust gas can be minimized.

[0010] According to the carbonized garbage incinerator according to the second aspect, cooling water is piped at the outlet of the garbage transport device, and the refuse coming out of the garbage transport device is cooled. Therefore, it is possible to prevent ignition of the sorting device, recover heat, and dry the carbide.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, first, the condenser recovers steam containing harmful substances generated in the process of carbonizing the dust. Next, the harmful substances remaining in the condenser are discharged by the discharging means. Therefore, the harmful substances generated at the time of garbage incineration are not exhausted as they are, and the generation of harmful exhaust gas can be minimized.

[0012]

FIG. 1 shows an urban recycling tower 14 having a carbonized refuse incinerator 10 and a sewage treatment system 12.
It is shown. This urban recycling tower 14
Is equipped with a carbonized garbage incinerator 10 on the ground, a sewage treatment system 12 on the underground, a city observing corner and a regional environmental management center, etc. It is a skyscraper that plays a role.

As shown in FIG. 2, a carbonized garbage conveyor 18 is installed inside a combustion chamber 16 of the carbonized garbage incinerator 10 in a state of being inclined upward on the right side of the paper. A dust supply port 20 is provided on the left side of the combustion chamber 16, and is connected to a lower end portion 18 </ b> A of the garbage carbonization conveyor 18. The garbage carbonization conveyor 18 has a cylindrical outer peripheral portion 18B and a screw-shaped transport portion 18C, and the upper end portion 18D
The condenser 22 and the pipe 22A penetrate through the wall 16A of the combustion chamber 16.
Connected through. The condenser 22 includes a pipe 22
It is connected to the combustion chamber 16 via C. Transport unit 18C
Is connected to a power machine 19 installed at the upper end 18D. Immediately below the upper end portion 18D, a combustion burner 24 is installed with the burner portion 24A facing the interior of the combustion chamber 16. A pipe 25 is connected to the combustion burner 24. The pipe 25 is connected to a pipe 25A connected to an anaerobic digestion tank 80 (shown in FIG. 3) and a pipe 25B connected to an intermediate water tank 82 (shown in FIG. 3). The bottom of the combustion chamber 16 is formed in a state where the bottom is inclined downward and rightward on the paper surface, opposite to the garbage carbonization conveyor 18. As shown in FIG. 2, the combustion burner 24
The ash removal device 16B is installed directly below the ash removal device, and collects the ash in the combustion chamber 16.

A waste heat boiler 26 is provided above the combustion chamber 16, and a chimney 28 is further connected thereto. A dust collector 30 is provided in the middle of the chimney 28. Further, both ends of the pipe in the waste heat boiler 26 are
2, 34. The pipe 32 is a pipe 32A
And is connected to the steam header 36 via the. Further, the steam header 36 is connected to a steam turbine generator 40 via a pipe 38. The power supply line 41 is connected to the steam turbine generator 40, and the steam turbine generator 40 is connected to a cold / hot water generator 44 via a pipe 42. Cold / hot water generator 44
Is connected to a condensate tank 48 and a condensate pump 50 via a pipe 46.
And a pipe 34. Piping 42 and Piping 46
Are connected via a control valve 51. The cold / hot water generator 44 is connected to the condenser 22 via a pipe 52. Further, piping 47, 4
9 is connected.

On the other hand, on the upper part of the carbonized mist chamber 54 in which the combustion burner 24 and the pipe 25 are installed, a sorting screen 56 is stuck downwardly to the right side of the drawing, and the inside of the carbonized mist chamber 54 is heated. A heater 54A is provided. An outlet 58 for carbonized dust is provided in a cylindrical shape above the sorting screen 56, and an incombustible dust crusher (not shown) is installed inside. A cooling pipe 60 is wound around the outlet 58. A non-burnable trash bin 61 is located on the right side of the screen of the sorting screen 56.
Is installed. One end of the cooling pipe 60 is connected to the pipe 5.
2 is connected to a cold / hot water generator 44, and the other end is connected to a residual heat exchanger 64 via a pipe 62. The residual heat exchanger 64 is connected to the condenser 22 and the cold / hot water generator 44 via a pipe 62, and is connected to a cooling water circulation pump 68 via a pipe 66. The pipes 52 and 66 are connected to a heat source 80A (shown in FIG. 3) of the anaerobic digestion tank 80.

FIG. 3 shows a system in which a carbonized garbage incinerator 10 and a sewage treatment system 12 are combined. A sewage inflow portion 72 is provided for connecting the sewage treatment tank 70 main body to a sewer not shown. The sewage inflow portion 72 has a cylindrical or rectangular shape. At the entrance of the sewage inflow section 72, a screen 72A for performing a primary treatment of sewage to remove residues is provided. The sewage treatment tank 70 is connected to a biological treatment tank (not shown) by an introduction pipe 74. A compressor 75 is inserted into the inlet of the introduction pipe 74.

Downstream of the wastewater treatment tank 70, a membrane filtration separation tank 76 is provided. Several membrane filtration devices (not shown) are installed in the membrane filtration separation tank 76. The membrane filtration device is obtained by combining two mesh-like membranes. next,
On the left side of the drawing, a sludge storage tank 78, an anaerobic digestion tank 80, and an intermediate water tank 82 are provided thereon. A sludge extraction pump 80B is connected to the anaerobic digestion tank 80, and a heater 80C connected to a heat source 80A is laid. The sludge extraction pump 80B is connected to the dust supply port 20 of the carbonized garbage incinerator 10 via a pipe 81. A sprinkler 82B connected to the blower 82A is laid in the middle water tank 82, and a middle water pump 82C is connected thereto. The intermediate water pump 82C is connected to the residual heat exchanger 64 via a pipe 84. An intermediate water tank return pipe 86 is further connected to the residual heat exchanger 64 so that the intermediate water returns to the intermediate water tank 82 again.

The operation of the embodiment will be described below.
The municipal garbage accumulated by the garbage carrier 88 is thrown into the dust supply port 20. Garbage can be collected by an underground logistics system using linear orbital transportation. Further, the sludge generated in the anaerobic digestion tank 80 of the sewage treatment system 12 is injected into the dust supply port 20 from the pipe 81 using the pump 80B. In particular, since the sewage treatment system 12 is constantly operating, the sludge in the anaerobic digestion tank 80 is continuously supplied.

Next, the dust and sludge (hereinafter simply referred to as "dust") introduced into the dust supply port 20 are transferred to the lower end portion 18 of the dust-carbonizing conveyor 18 by using a screw-shaped transport section 18C.
A is transported from A to the garbage carbonization conveyor 18 in the combustion chamber 16. At that time, the garbage carrying speed is controlled by the power machine 19. Since the diameter of the outer peripheral portion 18B of the garbage carbonization conveyor 18 and the diameter of the transport portion 18C are substantially the same, air does not easily enter from the entrance 18E of the garbage carbonization conveyor 18. Therefore, the inside of the garbage carbonization conveyor 18 is shut off from the air, and the garbage is carbonized without being completely burned. When the refuse is carbonized, the moisture contained in the refuse turns into vapor and is collected by the condenser 22 along the uphill outer peripheral portion 18B. The condenser 22 uses the cooling water supplied from the cold / hot water generator 44 to convey the garbage carbonized conveyor 1.
The steam blown out from 8 is condensed. Thereafter, the water generated by the condensation is once sent to a waste liquid treatment facility (not shown) from the pipe 22B, where the harmful substances that hinder biological treatment are removed, and then discharged to the sewage treatment system 12. When a substance that does not harm biological treatment due to the carbonization treatment substance is not contained, it is of course discharged directly to the sewage treatment system 12. The gas remaining in the condenser 22 is discharged from the pipe 22C to the combustion chamber 16 using a discharge device (not shown). Since the amount of the residual gas is very small, the discharge device is also small, and the contained harmful substances can be easily removed.

On the other hand, the dust carbonized in the high temperature state falls from the outlet 58 onto the sorting screen 56. Non-combustible waste such as glass is crushed by an incombustible waste crusher installed inside the outlet 58 and then falls. The outlet 58 is cooled by cooling water supplied from the cold / hot water generator 44 to the cooling pipe 60, and
To prevent ignition. In the sorting screen 56, the carbonized combustible waste is turned into mist.
It falls into the carbonized mist chamber 54 after passing through the mesh of mm. The non-burnable refuse cannot pass through the mesh of the sorting screen 56 because of solids, and falls into the non-burnable trash box 61. As described above, the non-combustible material and the combustible material are separated after incineration, so that the garbage can be collected more easily than before sorting before incineration.

Next, the combustible dust (hereinafter referred to as “carbonized mist”) that has fallen into the carbonized mist chamber 54 is heated using a heater 54A in order to increase the combustion efficiency.
By being cooled and exhausted, it is reduced in humidity and refined to become pulverized coal and is sucked into the combustion burner 24. The heater 54A uses hot water generated by the cold / hot water generator 44 and supplied through the pipe 52 as a heat source. The combustion burner 24 uses methane gas supplied from a pipe 25A as auxiliary fuel, and uses odorous exhaust supplied from a pipe 25B as combustion air. The methane gas and the odorous exhaust are sucked into the combustion burner 24 together with the carbonized mist supplied from the carbonized mist chamber 54, mixed there, and burned in the combustion chamber 16. The methane gas is generated in the anaerobic digestion tank 80 of the sewage treatment system 12 described later, and the odorous exhaust is similarly generated from the sewage treatment system 12. Accordingly, it is not necessary to use a conventionally used exhaust treatment filter, and waste such as methane gas and odorous exhaust generated in the sewage treatment system 12 can be safely and economically treated. Further, unlike the conventional refuse incinerator, the combustion chamber 16 completely burns the dry pulverized coal, so that it is possible to prevent the generation of soot and the fume phenomena due to the steam, and the dust collector 3
0 can be reduced. Therefore, the installation space of the apparatus can be saved, the construction cost and the operation cost can be reduced, and since the apparatus is simple, the operation management is easy and the management staff can be rationalized.

When the pulverized coal is burned in the combustion chamber 16, high-pressure steam is recovered in the waste heat boiler 26. This high-pressure steam is collected in the steam header 36 and reaches the steam turbine generator 40. The steam turbine generator 40 generates electric power by using the high-pressure steam, and supplies electric power from the transmission line 41 to each customer. After this high-pressure steam is used for power generation, it becomes low-pressure steam and is condensed by being used as a heat source of the cold / hot water generator 44, and is supplied again to the waste heat boiler 26 via the condensate tank 48 and the condensate pump 50. Is done. At that time, the amount of steam supplied to the cold / hot water generator 44 can be adjusted by the control valve 51.

The cold / hot water generator 44 receives the supply of the residual heat steam of the steam turbine generator 40 from the pipe 42 and utilizes it as an evaporation heat source, and the condenser 22 and the outlet 58 through the pipe 52.
The hot water generated in the above is collected, and the heater 54A is used as described later.
Supply warm water to In addition, surplus cold water generated by the cold / hot water generator 44 is supplied from a pipe 47 to a not-shown sewer, or if the depleted water is short, replenished from the sewer through a pipe 49. I do.

Next, the operation of the sewage treatment system 12 of the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the sewage flowing out of a sewer not shown passes through a sewage inflow portion 72. At that time, the primary treatment for separating the suspended matter and the liquid in the sewage is performed by the screen 72A, and when the residue accumulates on the screen 72A, the residue is removed from the screen 72A. The sewage that has passed through the screen 72A is
It is temporarily stored in the sewage treatment tank 70 in the state of a complete mixed solution that is not completely separated from microorganisms, organic or inorganic suspended matter, and circulates in the direction of arrow A.

The sewage in the state of a complete mixed solution stored in the sewage treatment tank 70 (hereinafter, referred to as “completely mixed liquid”) flows into the biological treatment tank (not shown) from the introduction pipe 74. In the biological treatment tank, when the complete mixed solution is sufficiently aerated and agitated, aerobic microorganisms and organic and inorganic suspended matter aggregate to form activated sludge. At this time, air is sent out from the compressor 75 to help generate activated sludge. Activated sludge has a strong cohesive adsorption and oxidizing power for organic substances, and its growth and repeated contact with a complete mixed solution with sufficient agitation adsorb organic substances at a very high momentum. Oxidation of microorganisms and sewage treatment by assimilation I do. In addition, since the biological treatment tank is installed at a depth of about 40 meters or less, it has a characteristic that the water pressure is high and oxygen is easily dissolved. Therefore, the activity of the aerobic microorganism can be promoted.

Thereafter, as the sewage newly flows in from the sewer, the complete mixed liquid is pushed up and passes through the introduction pipe 74 to reach the sewage treatment tank 70 again. On the other hand, a part of the complete mixed liquid temporarily stored in the head tank 15 passes through the introduction pipe 74, flows again into the biological treatment tank, and is recirculated according to the new inflow of sewage. After such recirculation is repeated, a part of the complete mixed solution that has reached the sewage treatment tank 70 reaches the inlet of the membrane filtration separation tank 76. Of this complete mixture, those that can pass through the mesh membrane of the membrane filtration device are:
The only supernatant liquid is liquid. Therefore, when the complete mixed solution passes through the membrane filtration device, it is separated into supernatant water and activated sludge. Thus, the supernatant water that has passed through the membrane filtration separation tank 76 is:
Since the specific gravity is light, it passes above the forked entrance 77. The supernatant water that has passed reaches the middle water tank 82 as middle water and is stored therein. On the other hand, the treated water containing a large amount of activated sludge having a high specific gravity passes below the inlet 77 and reaches the sludge storage tank 78. In the sludge storage tank 78, activated sludge having a high specific gravity is precipitated and separated from the treated water. A part of the settled sludge is stored in the anaerobic digestion tank 80. Anaerobic digestion tank 8
0 is a heater 80 laid in an anaerobic digestion tank 80.
C, and the precipitated sludge is anaerobically decomposed to generate methane gas. This methane gas is sent to the pipe 25 via the pipe 25A as described above. A part of the settled sludge is extracted using the sludge pump 80B. On the other hand, in the middle water tank 82, air is sent using a blower 82A provided in the middle water tank 82.

The sewage treated in the sewage treatment system 12 is transferred from the pipe 84 to the residual heat exchanger 64 using the sewage pump 82C.
To supply. Next, the cold / hot water generator 4
4 is supplied with intermediate water via a pipe 62. This medium water is supplied as cooling water from the cold / hot water generator 44 to the carbonized waste outlet 58 via the pipe 62 as described above. Cold / hot water generator 44
Supplies warm water to the heat source 80A of the anaerobic digestion tank 80 as described above, thereby increasing the temperature of the anaerobic digestion tank 80 to promote the generation of methane gas. When the temperature of the hot water decreases, the hot water is sent from the pipe 66 to the residual heat exchanger 64 using the circulation pump 68. Thus, the heat generated in the carbonized garbage incinerator 10 can be used for generating methane gas, and the methane gas can be used for fuel of the combustion burner 24.

[0028]

As described above, the carbonized garbage incinerator according to the present invention heats garbage in a state in which air hardly enters, thereby eliminating moisture and reducing the size.
Since it is completely burned after it is in a carbonized state, it has an excellent effect that combustion efficiency is good and garbage can be incinerated without emitting noncombustible exhaust gas.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing an urban recycling tower having a carbonized garbage incinerator and a sewage treatment system.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a carbonized refuse incinerator.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state where the carbonized garbage incinerator and the sewage treatment system are incorporated.

[Explanation of symbols]

 16 Combustion Chamber 18 Waste Conveyor 24 Combustion Burner 56 Sorting Screen 58 Carbonized Waste Outlet 60 Cooling Pipe

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kohei Kagami 8-2-1-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Store (72) Inventor Kenji Odawara 8-2-1-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo No. Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Head Office (56) References JP-A-5-312308 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F23G 5/02 ZAB F23G 5/027 ZAB

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A dust transport device for transporting dust in a state in which air hardly enters, a combustion unit having a combustion device, and heating the dust in the dust transport device to carbonize the dust; A sorting device that sorts the carbonized garbage that has passed through the garbage transport device into incombustibles and combustibles, wherein the combustibles that have passed through the sorting device are returned to the combustion section and burned again. Garbage incineration equipment. 2. The carbonized garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a cooling water pipe is provided at an outlet of the garbage transport device. 3. A condensing device for recovering water vapor containing harmful substances generated in a process of carbonizing garbage, and a discharging means for discharging harmful substances remaining in the condensing device to the combustion section. The carbonized garbage incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: