JP3072053B2 - Vegetation - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vegetation used for revegetation such as a cut slope or an embankment slope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a slope protection material, a warming, water retaining and organic fertilizer effect is provided outside a vegetation sheet in which seeds, fertilizer and soil improvement material are sandwiched between two vegetation sheets. Is known. In addition, the straw is woven using a connecting member such as a thread or tape made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene with excellent strength, and is fixed to the vegetation sheet using a liquid material of a water-soluble adhesive. I have.

[0003]

However, since polyethylene and other synthetic resins age but do not decompose even after the straw is corroded, they are currently a factor in the pollution of various plastics. In addition, the integration using a liquid material of a water-soluble adhesive means that even though the amount is very small, the seeds are once supplied with moisture and then dried, which may adversely affect the seeds. It does not have a good effect.

Recently, various degradable plastics have been developed, and these can be roughly classified into partially decomposable plastics and completely decomposable plastics. The partially decomposed type plastic is obtained by blending a photo-decomposition agent, starch and the like into a conventional plastic, and its original form is easily destroyed, but the main component plastic is not decomposed, and the plastic pollution cannot be completely eliminated. In addition, if the plastic decomposes before the straw is corroded, the straw is scattered by the snow or running water, and the original purpose cannot be achieved.

[0005] On the other hand, completely biodegradable plastics are decomposed by microorganisms and eventually become carbon dioxide and water, so that there is no problem of plastic pollution as described above. However, completely degradable plastics are hot-melt and water-insoluble. Therefore, when the completely degradable plastic connecting the straws is heated and melted and adhered to the vegetation sheet, the vegetation sheet remains attached to the straw even if it is wet by rainfall. As a result, if there is a depression on the slope, the vegetation sheet attached and supported on the straw at that position will be in a floating state without contacting the ground, and the seed will not germinate, or even if it germinates, it will not reach the ground. It will die without rooting.

[0006]

In view of the above, the vegetation of the present invention uses a completely biodegradable plastic that does not cause plastic pollution and uses the above-mentioned completely biodegradable plastic as a part of a covering material. A hot-melt water-soluble adhesive that can be melted at a temperature lower than the melting point of seeds, fertilizers, and completely biodegradable plastic between two vegetation sheets. And a coating material provided with a member at least partly made of a completely biodegradable plastic is disposed on the upper surface of one of the vegetation sheets, and the two vegetation sheets and the coating material are pressed. The powder adhesive is heated and melted while the melted adhesive oozes out of the one vegetation sheet to bond the one vegetation sheet and the covering material.

[0007] The coating material comprises a plurality of coating substrates,
It may be configured by a connecting member that connects these coated base materials, the above-described coated base material may be straw, and the connecting member may be configured by a string-like material made of completely biodegradable plastic. Further, the net may be formed of a string-like material made of completely biodegradable plastic.

FIG. 1 shows a plant 1 according to the present invention. In the vegetation 1, nonwoven fabric is used for the vegetation sheets, that is, the water-decomposable sheets 2 and 3. Between the water-decomposable sheets 2 and 3, besides the seed 4, the fertilizer 5, and the soil improving material 6, The vegetation sheet 8 is formed by sandwiching the powder 7 of the hot-melt water-soluble adhesive at an appropriate ratio. Between the water-decomposable sheets 2 and 3, other materials, for example, a water retention material may be accommodated as needed. As the powder 7 of the hot-melt water-soluble adhesive, polyvinyl alcohol (PV) is generally used.
A), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used.

A covering material 9 is disposed outside one of the water-decomposable sheets 2 of the vegetation sheet 8. As an example of the covering material 9 shown in the drawing, a straw is used in which straws 10 arranged in a predetermined direction are connected by a string 11 such as a thread or a tape made of a completely degradable plastic. As completely biodegradable plastics, for example, those composed of macromolecules obtained by fermentation synthesis of microorganisms, those composed of natural polymers such as plant-derived starch and animal-derived chitosan, and those composed of synthetic polymers such as polycaprolactone, All are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and have the property of being decomposed by microorganisms and eventually reduced to carbon dioxide and water naturally.

The vegetation sheet 8, the covering material 9, and the two water-decomposable sheets 2, 3 are obtained by melting the powder 7 of the hot-melt type water-soluble adhesive in the method for producing the vegetation 1 described below. Be integrated.

A method for manufacturing the plant 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In this figure, a grid-shaped convex portion (not shown) is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the heating roller 12, and is rotatable in the direction of arrow a. The pressure roller 13 is pressed against the heating roller 12 and is rotatable in the direction of arrow b. In the nip portion between the heating roller 12 and the pressure roller 13, a coating material 9, an upper water-decomposable sheet 2, and a lower water-decomposable sheet 3 are supplied from respective supply sources (not shown).
Supplied from On the upper surface of the lower water-decomposable sheet 3, seeds 4, fertilizer 5, soil improving material 6, and powder 7 of a hot-melt water-soluble adhesive are uniformly distributed. These coating materials 9,
When the water-decomposable sheets 2 and 3 enter the nip between the heating roller 12 and the pressure roller 13, they are pressurized and heated by the convex portion of the heating roller 12, and the hot-melt water-soluble adhesive existing in the heated portion The powder 7 melts and gels. Then, the two water-decomposable sheets 2 and 3 are bonded by the melted adhesive 7. The melted adhesive 7 oozes out from the upper water-decomposable sheet 2 and bonds the upper water-decomposable sheet 2 to the covering material 9. The bonding portion of the living body 1 is indicated by reference numeral 14 in FIG.

The heating temperature applied from the heating roller 12 to the vegetation sheet 8 must be higher than the melting point of the powdery adhesive, but lower than the melting point of the biodegradable plastic. Specifically, the melting point of the biodegradable plastic is equal to that of polyethylene or the like and is a high temperature of 100 ° C. or more. On the other hand, the melting point of PVA or CMC is about 60-80 ° C.
Lower than the melting point of the biodegradable plastic. Therefore, the heating temperature is preferably set in the range of about 80 to 100 ° C. However, since the vegetation sheet 8 itself is spot-bonded or line-bonded and the heating time is short, the heating roller 12
Its own temperature can be operated at a temperature of 150 ° C. or more.

The vegetation 1 produced as described above is
Similar to the conventional vegetation, the vegetation sheet 8 is laid on the construction surface such as the slope so that the vegetation sheet 8 comes into contact with the soil, and the covering material 9 faces upward, and is fixed with a skewer or the like. Further, since the covering material 9 and the vegetation sheet 8 are bonded by the molten water-soluble adhesive 7, when water is supplied to the vegetation 1 by rainfall or the like,
The vegetation sheet 8 is detached from the covering material 9 because the adhesive 7 is dissolved into an aqueous solution and diluted to lower the adhesive strength.
As a result, even if there is a depression in the ground under the living body 1,
The vegetation sheet 8 separated from the covering material 9 adheres along the ground. Therefore, germinated seeds grow by extending their roots into the soil.

On the other hand, a string 11 connecting the straw 10
Is not decomposed while exposed to the air because it is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil, so that the straw 10 is held until it is decomposed, preventing the straw 10 from scattering. String 1 made of these straws 10 and completely biodegradable plastic
1 decomposes with the help of soil microorganisms, and although there is a time lag depending on the environment, it eventually becomes water and carbon dioxide, so that there is no environmental problem caused by conventional plastics.

In the above description, a nonwoven fabric is used for the water-decomposable sheets 2 and 3. However, a thin sheet made of paper conventionally used for vegetation or peat moss or bark mixed with pulp is used. Of course, may be used.

The coating material 9 is made of straw 1 as a coating base material.
0. A string 11 made of a completely biodegradable plastic was used as a connecting member of the coated base material, but a completely biodegradable plastic processed into a rod shape as a coated base material or a sheet made of a completely biodegradable plastic was used. May be used in the form of a rod, and the coated substrate may be connected with a string made of a completely biodegradable plastic.

Further, the covering material 9 may be constituted only by a knitting net formed by knitting a thread or a string made of a completely biodegradable plastic, or an injection molded net obtained by injection molding such a plastic.

In the above embodiment, the vegetation sheet 8 contains the fertilizer 5 and the soil improving material 6, but the soil improving material 6 is not always required.

Furthermore, the powder 7 of the water-soluble adhesive is PV
The adhesive is not limited to A and CMC, and other adhesives having similar properties may be used.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, in the vegetation according to the present invention, the powder of the hot-melt type water-soluble adhesive sandwiched between the sheets is heated and melted, and the sheet and the sheet are melted by the molten adhesive. And the sheet and the covering material are adhered. Therefore, no water is supplied to the seeds in the process of producing the vegetation. After the construction, when water is supplied due to rainfall or the like, the adhesive dissolves and the vegetation sheet detaches from the covering material. Therefore, even if there is a depression in the ground under the vegetation, the seeds germinate and grow as intended because the vegetation sheet away from the covering material adheres closely along the ground. Furthermore, biodegradable plastics are degraded by microorganisms in the soil and eventually become water and carbon dioxide, so that there is no environmental problem caused by conventional plastics.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a living plant.

FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a method for producing a living plant.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... vegetation, 2, 3 ... water-decomposable sheet, 4 ... seed, 5 ...
Fertilizer, 6: soil improvement material, 7: powder of hot-melt water-soluble adhesive, 8: vegetation sheet, 9: coating material, 10: straw, 11 ...
String-like object, 12: heating roller, 13: pressure roller.

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-84808 (JP, A) JP-A-3-191703 (JP, A) JP-A-2-69106 (JP, A) JP-A-3-102804 (JP) (U, U) Real opening 61-7714 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 1/00-1/08 A01G 1/00 303 E02D 17/20 102

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] Claims 1. A seed of a hot-melt water-soluble adhesive which can be melted at a temperature lower than the melting point of a completely biodegradable plastic between two vegetation sheets, and one of the vegetation sheets. At least a part of the upper surface is provided with a covering material provided with a member made of a completely biodegradable plastic, and the powder adhesive is heated and melted while pressing the two vegetation sheets and the covering material. A vegetation wherein the molten adhesive oozes out of the one vegetation sheet and adheres the vegetation sheet and the covering material. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the covering material is made of a coated base material connected by a connecting member, the coated base material is a straw, and the connecting member is a string made of a completely biodegradable plastic. The vegetation of claim 1. 3. The vegetation according to claim 1, wherein said coated substrate comprises a net made of a string made of a completely biodegradable plastic.