JP3071981B2 - Greenhouse environment controller - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greenhouse environment controller for controlling the environment of a greenhouse (house) for growing crops, and more particularly, to controlling the temperature of the greenhouse based on the degree of sunny weather to thereby improve the quality of the crop. The present invention relates to a greenhouse environment control device that can be improved.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in the field of crop production by greenhouse cultivation, the translocation effect of transferring carbohydrates synthesized in leaves by daytime photosynthesis to fruits improves the quality of plants, so that the environment of the greenhouse is controlled. The greenhouse environment controller promotes the commutation action. Note that the commutation effect is promoted by increasing the nighttime heating temperature from a set value in accordance with the daytime solar radiation.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of this type of greenhouse environment control device.

This greenhouse environment control device includes a temperature sensor 2, a humidity sensor 3, and a CO ₂ concentration sensor 4 provided in a greenhouse 1, a wind direction / wind speed sensor 5, a solar radiation sensor 6, and a temperature / humidity provided outdoors. Each of the sensors 7 sends a sensor signal to a controller 8 installed at a distance from the greenhouse 1.

[0005] The controller 8 is provided with an openable and closable ventilation window 9 for blowing through the greenhouse 1 and the outside air so as to shift the environment inside the greenhouse 1 to a preset set value based on each sensor signal. a ventilating fan 10 for ventilating the outdoor air, heaters 11 for heating the inside of the greenhouse 1, respectively driving signal to the heat insulating curtain 13 provided openably of CO ₂ in the CO ₂ application machine 12 and the greenhouse 1 upper supplied into the greenhouse 1 Is sent.

[0006] Here, in order to facilitate the commutation action particularly mentioned above, the greenhouse environment control device, together with obtaining the integrated solar radiation amount I _s by integrating the daytime solar radiation amount based on the sensor signals received from the solar radiation sensor 6 when the integrated solar radiation amount I _s is equal to or greater than plus start integrated solar radiation as shown in FIG. 5,
Heating temperature during night commutation time zone above setpoint temperature S
It is controlled to increase by T. The commutation time period is from 30 minutes to 1 hour before sunset to about 2 to 3 hours after sunset.

[0007] In addition, because plus temperature ST and plus the start of the integrated solar radiation amount I _s is an empirical value, the user is due to cumulative amount of solar radiation I _s and seasonal due to the variation and the location of the integrated solar radiation amount I _s of the day By ascertaining the fluctuation, it is set for each predetermined period so as to correspond to this fluctuation.

For example, in winter when the amount of solar radiation is small, the additional temperature ST is set higher in order to increase the commutation efficiency, and in summer when the amount of solar radiation is large, the additional temperature need not be set very much.

[0009]

[SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, in the greenhouse environment control device as described above, unless accurately grasped variations by the integrated solar radiation I _s and that season like a day, to promote efficient commutation action it is impossible to set a plus temperature ST and plus start integrated solar radiation I _s as.

Further, it is not possible to vary automatically the plus temperature ST and plus start integrated solar radiation amount I _s in response to the season, should be changed from season to season, plus temperature ST
And by fixing the plus start integrated solar radiation I _s, the values of these ST and I _s may not be improved so much the quality of the crop in the season is not suitable to a greenhouse environment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a greenhouse environment control apparatus capable of automatically controlling the temperature of a greenhouse in accordance with the season and the amount of solar radiation and improving the quality of crops. With the goal.

[0012]

The invention corresponding to claim 1 is a greenhouse environment control device for controlling a greenhouse environment,
A solar radiation measuring means for measuring solar radiation and converting it into solar radiation data; and a solar radiation data converted by the solar radiation measuring means and a clear solar radiation data corresponding to the measurement of the solar radiation data. A greenhouse environment control device including a temperature control means for controlling a temperature.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a greenhouse environment control device for controlling the environment of a greenhouse, comprising: a solar radiation measuring means for measuring solar radiation and converting it into solar radiation data; A greenhouse provided with temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the greenhouse on the basis of the solar radiation data, the fine sunny solar radiation data corresponding to the measurement of the solar radiation data, and the south-south altitude data of the sun corresponding to the measurement. It is an environment control device.

[0014]

Therefore, in the invention corresponding to claim 1, by taking the above means, the insolation measuring means measures the insolation and converts it into insolation data, and the temperature control means outputs the insolation. Since the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled based on the solar radiation data converted by the measuring means and the sunny solar radiation data corresponding to the measurement of the solar radiation data, the temperature of the greenhouse is automatically controlled in accordance with the solar radiation, Crop quality can be improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the temperature control means converts the solar radiation data converted by the solar radiation measurement means.
The temperature of the greenhouse is controlled based on the clear sunshine data corresponding to the measurement of the solar radiation data and the altitude data of the sun in the south corresponding to the measurement. By performing temperature control based on altitude data, it is possible to control the greenhouse to the optimal temperature according to the season,
The quality of crops can be further improved.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a controller applied to a greenhouse environment control device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the greenhouse environment control device. The same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those in FIG. 4 and the detailed description is omitted, and only different portions will be described here.

That is, according to the present invention, the clearing rate k at a specific time in a day is calculated, and the set temperature S corresponding to the clearing rate k is calculated.
An additional temperature T to be added to T is set, and the clearing rate k is multiplied by the angle ratio of the south-to-south altitude H of the sun, so that the additional temperature T can be automatically set in accordance with the amount of solar radiation and the season so that the crop temperature can be set. It promotes commutation.

Specifically, in place of the controller 8 of the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, a controller 21 having the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided.
I _F, fine weather time measured time t _sigma, east longitude L, latitude phi, set the, and the present moment by entering the amount of solar radiation SI, these SI
_F, t _σ, L, determined Sunny ratio k from φ and SI, and is configured to set change plus temperature T based on該快sunny factor k.

Here, the controller 21 is connected to a computer (not shown), and includes a parameter setting unit 22, a coefficient calculation unit 23, a data collection unit 24, a calculation unit 25, and a control unit 2.
6 and a data display unit 27.

The parameter setting unit 22 sets the parameters of the past actually measured sunny irradiance SI _F , the sunny measured time t _σ , the east longitude L and the north latitude φ.
I _F , t _σ , L and φ are calculated by a coefficient calculator 23 and a calculator 25.
Has the function of sending to Once the setting is completed, the parameter setting unit 22 does not need to set the parameter from the next day as long as the same parameter is used.

The coefficient calculating section 23 includes a parameter setting section 22
A conversion coefficient a is obtained by a predetermined calculation based on the actual measured insolation SI _F , the clear measurement time t _σ , the east longitude L and the north latitude φ which are sent out from the computer, and the conversion coefficient a is sent to the calculation unit 25. It is.

On the other hand, the data collection unit 24
It has a function of converting the solar radiation sensor signal received from the camera into the current instantaneous solar radiation SI as the solar radiation amount data, and storing the instantaneous solar radiation SI. Note that the solar radiation sensor 6 and the data collection unit 24 constitute a solar radiation amount measuring unit.

The arithmetic unit 25 obtains a clearing rate k by a predetermined calculation based on the instantaneous solar radiation SI read from the data collecting unit 24 and the conversion coefficient a sent from the coefficient calculating unit 23, and controls the clearing rate k. It has a function of sending it to the unit 26 and the data display unit 27.

The control unit 26 obtains an additional temperature T by a predetermined calculation based on the clearing rate k sent from the arithmetic unit 25 and a preset additional set temperature ST, and determines the temperature of the greenhouse 1 based on the additional temperature T. It controls the temperature.

The data display section 27, when receiving the clearing rate k from the calculating section 25, displays the clearing rate k. For example, a VDT (visual display terminals) or the like can be used.

The parameter setting section 22, coefficient calculation section 23, calculation section 25 and control section 26 constitute a temperature control means.

Next, the operation of such a greenhouse environment control device will be described.

Now, the data collecting unit 24 is provided with the solar radiation sensor 6.
When the solar radiation sensor signal is received from the device, the solar radiation sensor signal is converted into the current instantaneous solar radiation SI and stored in a file.

On the other hand, the parameter setting unit 22 stores in the built-in memory the past measured solar radiation SI _F , the actual measured time t _σ , the east longitude L and the north latitude φ by the user's operation. , SI _F , t _σ , L and φ are sent to the coefficient calculator 23, and L and φ are sent to the calculator 25.
A computer (not shown) includes a parameter setting unit 2
In response to the operation 2, the actual day of clear weather I which is the total number of days from January 1 of the year corresponding to the actual time of clear weather t _σF corresponding to I
_F is sent to the coefficient calculator 23.

The coefficient calculating unit 23 calculates the actual measured sunny irradiance SI _F , the clear actual measured time t _{σ F} , the east longitude L, and the north latitude φ.
And measured on the basis of the total number of days I _F during fine weather, the following (1) obtains the transformation coefficient a by performing the calculation of up to Expression (6), and sends the transform coefficient a to the arithmetic unit 25.

The Japanese Red Cross weft _{δ F = 0.395 + 23.35cos {2π} (I F -1) / 365 -2.972} (°) ... (1) equation of time ^{_{e F = 7.38 × 10 -3 +}} 7.335cos {2π (I F -1) / 365 -4.7864} + 9.973cos {4π (I F -1) / 365 -4.377} (°) ... (2) at angle _{t F = 15 (t σF -12} ) + L-135 + e F / 4 (°) ... (3) B _F = sin φ sin δ _F + cos φ cos δ _F cost _F ... (4) Solar altitude h _F = sin ^-1 _BF (°) ... (5) Conversion coefficient a = SI _F / h _F ... (6) However, the suffix of F indicates a fixed value corresponding to a sunny time measured in the past.

When receiving the conversion coefficient a, the operation unit 25 reads the current total number of days I counted from January 1 of this year and the current time _tσ from the computer, and reads the current instantaneous solar radiation from the data collection unit 24. Read the quantity SI. Subsequently, the calculation unit 25 calculates the current total number of days I and the current time t as described above.
_{Based on σ} , east longitude L and north latitude φ, the current instantaneous solar radiation SI is calculated by the following equations (1) ′ to (5) ′.
Is obtained at the current time corresponding to the current altitude h.

Declination δ = 0.395 + 23.35 cos {2π (I−1) /365−2.972} (°) ... (1) ′ Equation of time e = 0.38 × 10 ⁻³ + 7.335cos {2π (I−1) / 365 -4.7864} + 9.973cos {4π (I-1) / 365 -4.377} (°) ... (2) ' at angle _{t = 15 (t σ -12)} + L-135 + e / 4 (°) ... ( 3) ′ B = sin φ sin δ + cos φ cos δ cost (4) ′ solar altitude h = sin ⁻¹ B (°) (5) ′ Next, the arithmetic unit 25 calculates the solar altitude h and the conversion coefficient a at the current time. Is calculated based on the following formula (7), and the estimated fine solar radiation FI (fine sunny solar radiation data) is obtained.

Estimated Sunshine FI = a × h (W / m ² ) (7) Further, the calculating section 25 calculates the estimated sunshine FI
Based on the current instantaneous solar radiation SI, the following formula (8) is calculated to calculate the clearing rate k, and the clearing rate k is calculated by the controller 26.
And to the data display unit 27.

Clearance rate k = SI / FI × 100 (%) (8) The arithmetic unit 25 calculates the declination δ and equation of time e obtained by the equations (1) ′ and (2) ′, and the control unit 26 To send to.

When the control unit 26 receives the clearing rate k from the calculating unit 25, the control unit 26 calculates the following equation (9) based on the clearing rate k and corrects the additional set temperature ST to obtain the primary additional temperature. Find T '.

Primary additional temperature T ′ = k / 100 × ST (° C.) (9) Next, the control unit 26 corrects the primary additional temperature T ′ in accordance with the season. The altitude H (south-central data) of the sun is determined using the declination δ and the equation of time e received from. Incidentally, the south-south altitude H of the sun is calculated as B by setting the hour angle t to 0 ° in the above-mentioned equation (4) ′.
Is substituted into Equation (5) '.

The controller obtains a secondary additional temperature T obtained by correcting the primary additional temperature T 'as shown in the following equation (10) based on the altitude H of the sun in the middle of the sun.

Secondary additional temperature T = (90−H) / 90 × T ′ (° C.) (10) Further, the control unit adds the secondary additional temperature T to the set temperature at night and commutates. The temperature T _T is determined, and when a predetermined commutation time period is reached, the ventilation window 9, the ventilation fan 10, the heater 11, and the heat-insulating curtain 13 are operated to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse 1 at the commutation promotion temperature T _T. Output a signal.

The ventilation window 9, the ventilation fan 10, the heater 11 and the heat retaining curtain 13 are activated by the operation signal received from the control unit 26, and the temperature in the greenhouse 1 during the commutation time period is set to the commutation promoting temperature T _T. Hold.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the setting of the secondary additional temperature T based on the clearing rate k and the altitude H in the south of the sun. That is, since carbohydrates are generated by photosynthesis in proportion to the clearing rate k, the additional temperature T is increased so as to promote the translocation action of the carbohydrates in proportion to the clearing rate k.

In winter when the south-south altitude H is low, the amount of solar radiation is small, but the additional temperature T is increased in order to efficiently transfer a small amount of carbohydrate. It should be noted that it is not necessary to set the additional temperature T so much in the summer when the south middle altitude H is high.

As described above, since the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled in accordance with the season and the amount of solar radiation, the translocation of the crop in the greenhouse is efficiently promoted.

From the next day, the transmission of the solar radiation sensor signal from the solar radiation sensor 6 without the input of the parameter in the parameter setting section allows the commutation time zone based on the additional temperature T set as described above. The temperature of the greenhouse 1 is controlled, and the translocation action of the crop is promoted.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the instantaneous solar radiation SI obtained from the solar radiation sensor 6 and converted by the data collection unit 24, the estimated fine weather corresponding to the actual measurement time t _σ of the instantaneous solar radiation SI Because the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled based on the solar radiation FI and the altitude H in the south of the sun, the greenhouse can be controlled to the optimal temperature that promotes the commutation action in accordance with the season and the solar radiation, further improving the quality of the crop. Can be improved.

Further, the parameter setting unit 22 determines that SI _F , t
By storing the parameters _σ , L, and φ in the built-in memory, the parameters are set only once at the start of operation, and the controller 21 automatically controls the temperature of the greenhouse using the parameters at the time of normal operation every day. Thus, unlike the related art, the trouble of changing the setting every predetermined period can be omitted.

In the above embodiment, the altitude H of the sun
Although the case where the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled based on the secondary additional temperature T corrected in the above is described, the temperature is not limited to this, and the temperature of the greenhouse is controlled by the primary additional temperature before correction at the south middle altitude H of the sun. In any case, the present invention can be implemented in the same manner to obtain the same effect.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the case has been described where to set the commutation promoting temperature T _T by instantaneous Sunny ratio k, not limited to this, an average sunny rate during the day, by the average Sunny rate As a configuration to set the commutation acceleration temperature,
The present invention can be implemented in a similar manner to obtain similar effects.

In addition, the present invention can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the gist thereof.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention, the temperature control means converts the insolation data converted by the insolation measurement means, the clear insolation data corresponding to the measurement of the insolation data, and the The greenhouse temperature is controlled based on the altitude data of the south and middle of the sun corresponding to the measurement, so the greenhouse temperature can be automatically controlled according to the season and the amount of solar radiation to improve the quality of crops. A control device can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a controller applied to a greenhouse environment control device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a greenhouse environment control device in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining setting of an additional temperature in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a conventional greenhouse environment control device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining setting of a conventional additional temperature.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: greenhouse, 6: solar radiation sensor, 21: controller, 22
... Parameter setting unit, 23 ... Coefficient calculation unit, 24 ... Data collection unit, 25 ... Calculation unit, 26 ... Control unit, 27 ... Data display unit, k ... Sunshine rate, SI ... Instant solar radiation, t _σ ... Measurement time, FI: Estimated solar irradiance at fine weather, H: South-mid altitude, T: Additional temperature.

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 9/24

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A greenhouse environment control device for controlling the environment of a greenhouse, comprising: a solar radiation measuring means for measuring solar radiation and converting it into solar radiation data; solar radiation data converted by the solar radiation measuring means; A greenhouse environment control device, comprising: temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the greenhouse based on the fine solar radiation data corresponding to the measurement of the amount data. 2. A greenhouse environment control device for controlling the environment of a greenhouse, comprising: a solar radiation measuring means for measuring solar radiation and converting it into solar radiation data; and a solar radiation data converted by the solar radiation measuring means. Greenhouse environment control comprising: temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the greenhouse on the basis of the fine solar irradiance data corresponding to the measurement of the solar irradiance data and the south-south altitude data of the sun corresponding to the measurement. apparatus.