JP3067958B2 - LCD panel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display panel having improved display quality for displaying images.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to obtain an image with a particularly high display quality in a liquid crystal display panel, a thin film transistor (TFT) has recently been developed.
The development of active matrix drive type display panels using hin film transistors) as switching elements is active. This is because a higher contrast ratio can be obtained irrespective of the number of scanning electrodes than a simple matrix driving method without a switching element, so that a clear image can be obtained even in a high-capacity display with high resolution.

In such an active matrix type liquid crystal display panel, TN (Twisted Nematic) is widely used as a liquid crystal display mode.
NW (Normally White)
There is a mode. In the TN mode, a liquid crystal panel having a configuration in which liquid crystal molecules are twisted by 90 ° between substrates is sandwiched between two polarizing plates. In the NW mode, the polarization axes of two polarizing plates are orthogonal to each other, and the polarization axis of one polarizing plate is parallel or perpendicular to the long axis direction of liquid crystal molecules in contact with one substrate. Are arranged as follows. This TN
In the case of the NW mode of the system, white display is performed when no voltage is applied or at a low voltage near the threshold voltage, and when a voltage higher than that is applied, the light transmittance gradually decreases and black display is performed.

[0004] Such display characteristics can be obtained because, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal molecules try to align in the direction of the electric field while unwinding the twisted structure. This is because the polarization state of the incoming light changes and the light transmittance is modulated. By the way, even in the same molecular arrangement state, the polarization state of light changes depending on the incident direction of the light incident on the liquid crystal panel, so that the light transmittance differs in all incident directions. That is, the characteristics of the liquid crystal panel have a viewing angle dependency.

The viewing angle dependency has the following characteristics. In the case of the NW mode, it is remarkable in the vicinity of the black display where the liquid crystal molecules rise with respect to the substrate by applying a voltage. The viewing angle dependency at that time includes the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules near the center of the liquid crystal layer, and has substantially symmetric characteristics with respect to a plane perpendicular to the substrate. However, it is asymmetric with respect to light rays having a traveling direction in this plane, and the transmittance greatly changes depending on the angle of incidence on the substrate.
The change in viewing angle characteristics in this direction is large. In the normal driving voltage range, the liquid crystal molecules do not rise completely perpendicular to the substrate surface, so that the asymmetry of the viewing angle characteristics remains, and the NW mode T
This narrows the viewing angle of the N panel. In general, the major axis direction of liquid crystal molecules near the center of the liquid crystal layer is called a main viewing angle direction, and in this direction, the transmittance becomes lowest at a lower voltage than when viewed from another direction.

In general, as shown in FIG. 27, each of the substrates 4 facing the front side substrate 45 in the direction of arrow 46 with respect to the screen.
7 is subjected to a rubbing orientation treatment in the direction of arrow 48. Then, the liquid crystal molecules 51 generate a pretilt angle 53 with respect to the alignment film 52 with respect to the rubbing direction 50 as shown in FIG.
The direction in which the viewing angle characteristic changes largely in a plane perpendicular to the planes 5 and 47 is the vertical direction 49 of the screen, which is symmetric with respect to the left and right. That is, the viewing angle characteristic of the light transmittance of this panel when a voltage is applied (during black display) is asymmetric in the vertical direction as shown in FIG.

As a method of solving the asymmetry of the vertical viewing angle characteristic and improving the viewing angle characteristic, we have proposed the following liquid crystal display panel (Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 4-26222).
issue). That is, an orientation process having a predetermined pretilt angle is performed on one substrate, and a portion having a pretilt angle lower than the predetermined pretilt angle on the other substrate,
A portion having a pretilt angle higher than the predetermined pretilt angle is arranged in a desired shape and subjected to an alignment treatment, and between the two substrates, a nematic liquid crystal material having no twisting force is used. A liquid crystal panel oriented while taking a helical structure in a predetermined direction defined by the pretilt angle, wherein a nematic liquid crystal having a twisting force having a helical structure opposite to the predetermined direction is sealed in the liquid crystal panel. Liquid crystal display panel.

FIG. 30 is a sectional view of the liquid crystal display panel. This liquid crystal display panel has one substrate 54A, the other substrate 54B, one substrate 54A and the other substrate 54A.
B, the pretilt angle 57 is larger than the transparent electrodes 55A and 55B provided on the inner surface of the panel, the alignment films 56 provided on the inner surface of the panel on the transparent electrodes 55A, and the alignment film 56 provided on the transparent electrodes 55B. The alignment film 58 includes an alignment film 58, an alignment film 60 having a smaller pretilt angle 59 than the alignment film 56 provided on the transparent electrode 55 </ b> B, and liquid crystal molecules 61. Reference numeral 62 denotes a liquid crystal layer central portion; 63, a liquid crystal molecule pretilt φ1 at the liquid crystal layer central portion; 64, a liquid crystal molecule pretilt φ2 at the liquid crystal layer central portion;
Indicates the lower viewing angle direction.

In the above structure, one of the substrates 54A is subjected to an orientation treatment so as to have a pretilt angle 67 of θ.
The other substrate 54B has a pretilt angle 57 of θ + φ1.
And the pretilt angle 59 of θ−φ2 (φ1> 0, θ> φ2
> 0) to have two alignment processing regions that have been subjected to the alignment processing. When such an alignment treatment is performed, the liquid crystal molecules 61 in the liquid crystal layer central portion 62 in the region having a pretilt angle of θ + φ1 are shifted by a pretilt angle of approximately φ1.
And the liquid crystal molecules 61 in the liquid crystal layer central portion 62 in the region having the pretilt angle 59 of θ-φ2 are oriented so as to have the pretilt 64 at an angle of about −φ2.

Therefore, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal molecules 61 in the central portion 62 of the liquid crystal layer become about -φ.
In a region having a pretilt 64 at an angle of 2 the main viewing angle has a downward characteristic 66, and in a region where the liquid crystal molecules 61 in the liquid crystal layer central portion 62 have a pretilt 63 at an angle of about φ1, the main viewing angle is upward. The viewing angle 65 is obtained. When an area having both the upper and lower viewing angle characteristics is arranged closer than the resolution for human viewing, the viewing angle characteristic of the liquid crystal panel is obtained by combining the characteristics of the two areas, and the substrate normal also in the vertical direction. With the direction as the center, it is possible to obtain a substantially symmetric characteristic as shown in FIG.

In other words, minute regions having a principal viewing angle direction of either the upper direction or the lower direction are formed in the panel so as to be close to each other, and the viewing angle characteristics are compensated for each other, thereby reducing the asymmetry of the vertical viewing angle characteristics. Thus, symmetric viewing angle characteristics can be obtained.

We have proposed a method of manufacturing such a liquid crystal display panel, in which an alignment film having different pretilt angles of liquid crystal is separately applied by a printing method, a photoresist is applied on the alignment film, and the alignment film is formed in a photolithographic process. Was proposed to change the pretilt angle by patterning. Further, a method has been proposed in which a pretilt angle is controlled by irradiating ultraviolet light to easily pattern an alignment film (Japanese Patent Application No. 5-127264).

[0013]

A liquid crystal display panel having two minute alignment regions has the following problems.

If the two alignment regions are patterned in the image guiding alignment film, immediately after the application of the voltage, the disclination line is formed on the boundary between the two alignment regions. The disclination lines are connected in one pixel and are formed by one line. However, since a part of the line is generated at an outer edge of the pixel, the part is not observed as a line.
However, when a voltage is applied for a long time, the disclination line moves to a short state that is energetically stable,
Along with this also the line was in the pixel outer edge portions, the thus moved to the pixel center, option increases the length of the disclination lines observed in the pixel, to cause the on-line light leakage , The contrast is reduced.

[0015] Further, where one pixel should have been patterned into two regions of an upper viewing angle and a lower viewing angle, one domain (for example, an upper viewing angle region) is dominant at the left end of the pixel, and at the right end of the pixel. The other domain (lower viewing angle region) becomes dominant, and the viewing angle is not averaged because the area ratio is not uniform, resulting in lower display quality.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display panel in which disclination lines are prevented from moving and contrast is not reduced, in order to solve the above problems.

[0017]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first liquid crystal display panel of the present invention is a liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is held between a pair of upper and lower substrates, The pair of upper and lower substrates are respectively thin film transistor arrays.
Ray board or counter substrate with black matrix
The thin film transistor array having a plurality of alignment regions in which the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules are different, and serving as a boundary line between the alignment regions.
A projection is provided on the opaque wiring of the ray substrate .

A second liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention is a liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is held between a pair of upper and lower substrates, wherein the pair of upper and lower substrates is a thin film transistor array substrate or a black matrix, respectively. A plurality of alignment regions having different alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules, and a convex portion is provided inside the black matrix region on the opposite substrate side which is a boundary line of the alignment region. It is characterized by the following.

Next, a third liquid crystal display panel of the present invention
Is a liquid crystal display in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower substrates.
A panel, wherein the pair of upper and lower substrates is a thin film transistor array substrate or a counter substrate having a black matrix, and a plurality of substrates having different orientations of liquid crystal molecules.
And a spacer for forming a panel gap is disposed on the opaque wiring of the thin film transistor array substrate which is a boundary line of the alignment region .

Next, a fourth liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention is a liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower substrates, wherein the upper and lower substrates are respectively a thin film transistor array substrate or a black matrix. a counter substrate having a having a plurality of alignment regions orientations differ in the orientation of liquid crystal molecules, to form the panel gap opposed base <br/> plate side of the black matrix region as a boundary of alignment regions For arranging the spacers.

The first to fourth liquid crystal display panels of the present invention
The alignment films of the upper and lower substrates are directly in contact with each other.
A rubbing treatment is performed so as to intersect each other,
The surface is patterned in a stripe pattern at a predetermined pitch.
Photomasks, and irradiate them with ultraviolet light.
Area and a non-light irradiation area are formed in a stripe shape, and the light irradiation is performed.
The region and the non-light-irradiated region are bonded so as to face each other, and between the two substrates, in a nematic liquid crystal material having no torsional force, the two substrates are aligned while taking a helical structure in a predetermined direction by the pretilt angle, and It is preferable that a nematic liquid crystal having a twisting force so as to have a spiral structure opposite to the predetermined direction is sealed between the substrates.

Also, the first to fourth liquid crystal displays of the present invention.
In the panel, the alignment films on the upper and lower substrates are
A rubbing treatment is performed so as to be orthogonal to
Patterned in stripes on each surface at a predetermined pitch
Layered photomask and irradiate with ultraviolet light
The irradiation region and the non-light irradiation region are formed in a stripe shape, and the light
The irradiation area and the non-light irradiation area are only half of the stripe width.
Arranged and bonded so that it is shifted , between the upper and lower substrates,
In a nematic liquid crystal material having no torsional force, a nematic liquid crystal having a torsional force that is oriented while taking a helical structure in a predetermined direction according to the pretilt angle and has a helical structure opposite to the predetermined direction is enclosed. Is preferred.

Also, the first to fourth liquid crystal displays of the present invention.
In the panel, the adjacent orientation of the pair of upper and lower substrates
Rubbing processing so that the 180 ° direction is different between the areas
And the rubbing direction is + 90 ° or -90 °
It is preferable that the pair of upper and lower substrates are bonded together as described above, and that the nematic liquid crystal is held between the first substrate and the second substrate on which the rubbing is performed.

[0024]

The liquid crystal display panel of the present invention is a liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower substrates, and has a plurality of alignment regions in which the alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules are different. The protrusion is provided on the boundary line of the alignment region of at least one of the substrates. As described above, by providing a spacer for forming a convex portion or a panel gap on the boundary line between the two alignment regions, it is possible to prevent the displacement of the disclination line from the pixel end portion during long-time voltage application.

One of the causes of the displacement of the disclination line from the end of the pixel is that the electric field distortion generated at the end of the pixel defines the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules at the end of the pixel, and the alignment region according to the patterning. Cannot be formed. Another cause is that the disclination line formed on the boundary between the two domains is 2 lines.
A portion where the distortion of the liquid crystal molecule alignment is extremely large between two alignment regions is in an energetically unstable state, and may be shorter in order to shift to an energetically stable state.

From this, by providing a convex portion on the boundary line between the two domains or by arranging the spacer, the disclination line is trapped and stabilized, and cannot move any more. Stabilized, high-quality liquid crystal display can be obtained.

Further, the upper and lower substrates are respectively a thin film transistor array substrate or a counter substrate having a black matrix, and a spacer for forming a projection or a panel gap is provided on the opaque wiring of the thin film transistor array substrate. Similarly, even if the disclination line is trapped and voltage is applied for a long time,
It is possible to prevent the movement of the disclination line from the pixel end, stabilize the two domains, and obtain a high-quality liquid crystal display.

Further, since the pair of upper and lower substrates is a thin film transistor array substrate or a counter substrate having a black matrix, respectively, and a spacer for forming a projection or a panel gap is provided inside the black matrix region on the counter substrate side. Similarly, even if the disclination line is trapped and a voltage is applied for a long time, the displacement of the disclination line from the pixel end is prevented, the two domains are stabilized, and a high-quality liquid crystal display can be obtained. it can.

Since the upper and lower substrates are respectively a thin film transistor array substrate or a counter substrate having a black matrix, and spacers for forming a panel gap are arranged on the opaque wiring of the thin film transistor array substrate, the same applies to the disk. The ligation line is trapped, and even when a voltage is applied for a long time, the movement of the disclination line from the pixel end is prevented, the two domains are stabilized, and a high-quality liquid crystal display can be obtained.

Further, the pair of upper and lower substrates is a thin film transistor array substrate or a counter substrate having a black matrix, and spacers for forming a panel gap are arranged inside the black matrix region on the counter substrate side. Even if a voltage is applied for a long time, the displacement of the disclination line from the pixel end is prevented, the two domains are stabilized, and a high-quality liquid crystal display can be obtained.

Further, one of the upper and lower substrates is subjected to an alignment process having a predetermined pretilt angle, and the other substrate has a portion having a pretilt angle lower than the predetermined pretilt angle, And a portion having a pretilt angle higher than the pretilt angle is arranged in a desired shape and subjected to an alignment treatment, and between the two substrates, in a nematic liquid crystal material having no torsional force, the pretilt angle is In a liquid crystal display panel in which a nematic liquid crystal having a twisting force such that a spiral structure opposite to the predetermined direction is taken is taken between the pair of substrates by taking a spiral structure in a predetermined direction. A spacer for forming a projection or a panel gap on a boundary line of an alignment region of at least one of the pair of upper and lower substrates. Having location, Similarly, during long voltage application disclination lines are trapped,
It is possible to prevent the movement of the disclination line from the pixel end, stabilize the two domains, and obtain a high-quality liquid crystal display.

Further, a portion having a high pretilt angle and a portion having a low pretilt angle are arranged in a desired shape on both of the pair of upper and lower substrates, and the upper substrate and the lower substrate have different pretilt angles. In the nematic liquid crystal material having no twisting force between the upper and lower substrates, the regions are bonded so that the regions face each other, and are aligned while taking a helical structure in a predetermined direction by the pretilt angle, and are opposite to the predetermined direction. In a liquid crystal display panel in which a nematic liquid crystal having a twisting force such as to take a spiral structure is enclosed, a spacer for forming a convex portion or a panel gap on a boundary line of an alignment region of at least one of the pair of upper and lower substrates. Even if the disclination line is similarly trapped and voltage is applied for a long time, the pixel To prevent movement of the disclination lines from the part, to stabilize the two domains, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display of high quality.

The pair of upper and lower substrates is a first substrate and a second substrate.
Rubbing is performed so that the 0 ° direction is different, and rubbing having a small pretilt angle is applied to the entire surface of the second substrate in a direction rotated by + 90 ° or −90 ° from either rubbing direction of the first substrate. In the liquid crystal display panel in which nematic liquid crystal is sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate on which the rubbing is performed, the rubbing is performed on a boundary line of an alignment region of at least one of the pair of upper and lower substrates. Since a spacer for forming a gap or a panel gap is arranged, the disclination line is similarly trapped, and by applying a voltage for a long time, the displacement of the disclination line from the pixel end is prevented. It is possible to stabilize and obtain a high-quality liquid crystal display. Further, the pair of upper and lower substrates is a first substrate and a second substrate, and adjacent alignments are provided. Between the regions, rubbing is performed so that the 180 ° direction is different from the first substrate on the first substrate, and the second substrate has a plurality of regions facing the respective regions, and each region has a direction in which the rubbing direction is twisted with the rubbing direction. The rubbing is performed in the same twist direction, and the pair of upper and lower substrates in a liquid crystal display panel in which a nematic liquid crystal having the same twisting force as the twist direction is sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. Since a spacer for forming a projection or a panel gap is arranged on the boundary line of the alignment region of at least one of the substrates, the disclination line is similarly trapped, and even if a voltage is applied for a long time, even if a voltage is applied for a long time, the pixel edge ends. , And the two domains can be stabilized, and a high-quality liquid crystal display can be obtained.

[0034]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention will be described below. In the present invention, the size of the convex portion is not particularly limited. However, if the size is too large, the aperture ratio decreases, which causes a problem of lowering the light transmittance of the display panel.
In addition, the height of the projection must be at least about 500 Å.

Example 1 A transparent row electrode 2 as shown in FIG.
A JALS-199 polyimide alignment film manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was formed by offset printing on one substrate 1A made of glass on which A was formed. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, a chromium Cr having a pitch of 100 μm and a height of 0.5 μm is formed on the end of the transparent column electrode 2 B by printing.
The step 3 is formed in a dot shape by an evaporation method, a sputtering method, or the like. This diameter is about 2 μm to 10 μm. This C
Similarly, polyimide JALS-194 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was printed on the other substrate 1B on which the r step 3 was formed. After both substrates were heated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes, the row electrode substrate (one substrate) 1A and the column electrode substrate (the other substrate) 1B were placed on the row electrode substrate (one substrate) 1A and the column electrode substrate (other substrate) 1B by rayon cloth, respectively, as shown in FIG.
8 rubbed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2A, the photomask 4A patterned in a stripe at a pitch of 200 μm was adjusted to the pitch of the Cr step 3, and the substrate 1B was irradiated with ultraviolet light from a high-pressure mercury lamp. Irradiation energy is 5
The irradiation time was 5 minutes at 5 mW / cm ² . Thereby, the light irradiation area 5 and the non-irradiation area 6 were formed in a stripe shape with a width of about 100 μm as shown in FIG.

The row electrode substrate 1A and the column electrode substrate 1B were bonded to face each other with the electrodes 2A and 2B facing each other. When a nematic liquid crystal having no twisting force is injected into a panel that has been subjected to such an alignment treatment, as shown in FIG.
It becomes energetically stable under the influence of the pretilt.

To such a panel, a chiral material R-811 having a clockwise twisting force is added to a liquid crystal material ZLI-4792 manufactured by Merck, and a chiral pitch of about 8 is obtained.
Liquid crystal prepared to be 0 μm was injected.

A polarizing plate was attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel manufactured as described above so as to form a cross Nicol, and a liquid crystal display panel was obtained. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependency on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG.
The characteristics were symmetrical in the vertical direction with respect to the panel normal to the panel.

Further, a voltage is applied to this display panel,
When the domain was observed with a polarizing microscope, as shown in FIG. 6, the disclination line 10 was caught by the Cr step 3 at the end of the pixel, and the upper viewing angle region 11 and the lower viewing angle region 12
Area ratio remained uniform.

Comparative Example 1 First, a JALS-199 polyimide alignment film manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was formed by offset printing on one substrate 1A of glass on which a transparent row electrode 2A was formed as shown in FIG. did. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, a polyimide J made by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was formed on the other substrate 1B on which the transparent column electrodes 2B were formed.
ALS-194 was printed. After both substrates were heated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes, rubbing treatment was performed on the row electrode substrate (one substrate) 1A and the column electrode substrate (other substrate) 1B with rayon cloth in directions 7 and 8 as shown in FIG. 4, respectively. Was given.

Using these substrates 1A and 1B, a liquid crystal display panel was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependency on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the display panel was measured, the characteristics as shown in FIG. 7 were shown. Also, by applying a voltage to this display panel,
When the domain was observed with a polarizing microscope, as shown in FIG. 8, the disclination line 10 moved from the end of the pixel, and the area ratio between the upper viewing angle region 11 and the lower viewing angle region 12 became non-uniform.

(Embodiment 2) As shown in FIG.
A JALS-199 polyimide alignment film manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co. was offset-printed on one substrate 13A of the glass on which 4A was formed. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, 1 is printed on the transparent column electrode 14B by printing.
Similarly, polyimide JALS-194 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was printed on the other substrate 13B on which the Cr step 3 having a height of 0.5 μm was formed at a pitch of 00 μm. 1 for both substrates
After heating at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, a row electrode substrate (one substrate) 13A and a column electrode substrate (the other substrate) are applied with rayon cloth.
13B was rubbed in directions 7 and 8 as shown in FIG.

Using these substrates 13A and 13B, a liquid crystal display panel was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. When a voltage was applied to the liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependency on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. It showed symmetric properties.

When a voltage is applied to the display panel,
When the domain was observed with a polarizing microscope, as shown in FIG. 10, the disclination line 10 was caught by the Cr step 3, and the area ratio of the upper viewing angle region 11 and the lower viewing angle region 12 remained uniform.

Example 3 As shown in FIG. 11, a JALS-199 polyimide alignment film manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was offset-printed on one substrate 15A of glass on which transparent row electrodes 16A were formed. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, 1 is printed on the transparent column electrode 16B by printing.
Similarly, polyimide JALS-194 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was printed on the other substrate 15B on which a Cr step 3 having a height of 0.5 μm was formed at a pitch of 00 μm. 1 for both substrates
After heating at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, the row electrode substrate (one substrate) 15A and the column electrode substrate (the other substrate) are coated with rayon cloth.
15B was subjected to rubbing processing in directions 7 and 8 as shown in FIG. 4, respectively.

Using these substrates 15A and 15B, a liquid crystal display panel was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. When a voltage was applied to the liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependency on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. It showed symmetric properties.

When a voltage is applied to the display panel,
When the domain was observed with a polarizing microscope, the disclination line 10 was caught by the Cr step 3 as shown in FIG. 12, and the area ratio between the upper viewing angle region 11 and the lower viewing angle region 12 remained uniform.

Example 4 As shown in FIG. 13, a JALS-199 polyimide alignment film manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was offset-printed on one substrate 17A of glass on which a transparent row electrode 18A was formed. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, on a glass substrate 17B on which spacers 19 are arranged at a pitch of 100 μm on the transparent column electrode 18B by a transfer method using a mask at the end of the electrode, similarly, a polyimide JALS-194 made by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. Printed. The spacer 19 has a height of about 4.5 μm and a diameter of 3 μm.
m to 10 μm. After heating both substrates at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes, it is performed with a rayon cloth to form an electrode substrate (one substrate)
The rubbing treatment was performed on the 17A and the column electrode substrate (the other substrate) 17B in the directions 7 and 8 as shown in FIG. 4, respectively.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2A, the photomask 4A patterned in a stripe at a pitch of 200 μm was adjusted to the pitch of the spacers 19, and the substrate 17B was irradiated with ultraviolet light from a high-pressure mercury lamp. The irradiation energy was 55 mW / cm ² and the irradiation time was 5 minutes. As a result, the light irradiation area and the non-irradiation area are almost 100 μm
Formed in a stripe shape with a width of

Using these substrates 17A and 17B, a liquid crystal display panel was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependency on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. 5 and symmetrical in the vertical direction with respect to the panel normal to the panel. Characteristics.

When a voltage is applied to the display panel,
When the domain was observed with a polarizing microscope, as shown in FIG. 14, the disclination line 10 was caught by the spacer 19 at the end of the pixel, and the area ratio between the upper viewing angle region 11 and the lower viewing angle region 12 remained uniform. .

An embodiment of the active matrix type will be described below. In the present invention, it is desirable that the projections be provided on the opaque wirings of all the pixels.
The position where the convex portion is set is on the boundary between the two domains,
It is on or near the wiring.

As a method of providing a convex portion in the vicinity of the gate or source wiring and in a region shielded from light by a black matrix, a method by photolithography or a method by printing is possible. If they are formed at the same time as the pattern formation of the TFT array and the counter substrate, they can be easily formed without particularly increasing the number of steps.

The outline of the active matrix type liquid crystal panel used in Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention will be described below.
A matrix substrate having TFTs as active elements, a diagonal screen of 2.8 inches, 479 horizontal gate lines × 720 vertical source lines, and 344880 pixels was used. The pixel pitch is 79 μm horizontally and 89 μm vertically. Note that the steps of the wiring portion are about 7000 Å on the source wiring side and about 10,000 Å on the gate wiring side, and the width of the wiring is 8 μm. On the opposite side, a substrate having a black matrix patterned with chromium (1000 angstrom thick) was used. Although the counter substrate having no color filter layer is used in the specific embodiment, the same effect can be naturally obtained by using a substrate with a color filter. (Embodiment 5) FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of one pixel of an active matrix type liquid crystal panel used in Embodiment 5, and FIG. 16 is a plan view thereof. In FIG. 15, 2
0 is a glass substrate on the TFT array side, 21 is a SiO ₂ film, 2
2 is a SiN ₂ film, 23 is a polyimide alignment film, 24 is an IT
O electrode, 25 is a pixel electrode, 26 is a source line, 27 is a liquid crystal, 28 is a counter glass substrate, 29 is a counter electrode, 30 is a polyimide alignment film, and 31 is a black matrix (B
M) and 32 are polarizing plates. In FIG. 16, 34 is TF
T element, 35 is a gate, 36 is a black matrix pattern, and 37 is a picture element. The aperture ratio of the black matrix pattern of this pixel is 40%.

First, a JALS-1 is placed on an opposite glass substrate (one substrate) 28 on which a transparent opposite electrode 29 is formed.
The 99 alignment film 30 was subjected to offset printing. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, the picture elements 37 are arranged in a matrix, and the TFT elements 34 are formed in each picture element.
On the array-side glass substrate 20, a projection 33 was additionally formed near the source wiring 26. The projection 33 is formed on the source wiring 26.
It is formed by a photolithographic method at the time of formation, and has a step of about 7,000 angstroms. This T
The JALS-194 alignment film 23 was printed over the entire screen on the FT array side glass substrate 20 by the same method as the glass substrate 28 described above. Both substrates were heated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to cure the alignment film.

Next, rubbing treatment was performed on the opposing glass substrate 28 and the TFT array side glass substrate 20 with rayon cloth in directions 7 and 8 as shown in FIG. Next, a photomask 4B patterned in a stripe pattern at a pitch of 89 μm as shown in FIG. 2B was adjusted to the pitch, and the substrate 20 was irradiated with ultraviolet light from a high-pressure mercury lamp. The irradiation energy is 55 mW / cm ² and the irradiation time is 5
Minutes. Thus, the light-irradiated area 5 and the non-irradiated area 6 were formed in a stripe shape with a width of approximately 45 μm as shown in FIG.

The opposite side glass substrate 2 thus formed
0 and the TFT array substrate 28 were opposed to each other so that the electrode sides faced each other, to produce a liquid crystal panel. To this liquid crystal panel, chiral material R-811 having a clockwise twisting force was added to liquid crystal material ZLI-4792 manufactured by Merck, and liquid crystal prepared so as to have a chiral pitch of about 80 μm was injected.

A polarizing plate was attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel manufactured as described above so as to be in a crossed Nicols state, and a liquid crystal display panel was obtained. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependency on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. 5 and symmetrical in the vertical direction with respect to the panel normal to the panel. Characteristics.

When a voltage is applied to the display panel,
When the domain was observed from the back of the panel with a polarizing microscope, the disclination line 10 was caught by the projection 33 at the end of the pixel as shown in FIG.
And the area ratio of the lower viewing angle region 12 remained uniform.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of one pixel of an active matrix type liquid crystal panel used in Embodiment 6, and FIG. 20 is a plan view thereof. The same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The aperture ratio of the black matrix pattern is 40%.

A projection 38 was additionally formed in the black matrix of the opposite glass substrate (one substrate) 28 on which the transparent counter electrode 29 was formed. The protrusion 38 is formed by applying a photoresist and forming a pattern.
Angstrom. JA on the opposite side glass substrate
The LS-199 alignment film 30 was subjected to offset printing. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, the picture elements 37 are arranged in a matrix, and the TFT elements 34 are formed in each picture element.
On the array-side glass substrate 20, a JALS-194 alignment film 23 was printed on the entire screen by the same method as the above glass substrate. Both substrates were heated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to cure the alignment film.

A liquid crystal display panel was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 5 using the substrates 28 and 20 on which the electrodes, the polarizing plate, the projections, etc. were formed. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependency on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. 5 and symmetrical in the vertical direction with respect to the panel normal to the panel. Characteristics.

When a voltage was applied to this panel and the domain was observed from the back of the panel with a polarizing microscope, the disclination line was caught by the convex portion 38 at the end of the pixel, and the upper viewing angle region and the lower viewing angle The area ratio of the regions remained uniform.

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 21 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of one pixel of an active matrix type liquid crystal panel used in Embodiment 7, and FIG. 22 is a plan view thereof. The same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The aperture ratio of the black matrix pattern is 40%.

First, a JALS-1 is placed on an opposing glass substrate (one substrate) 28 on which a transparent opposing electrode 29 is formed.
The 99 alignment film 30 was subjected to offset printing. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, the picture elements 37 are arranged in a matrix, and the TFT elements 34 are formed in each picture element.
The spacers 3 are arranged on the array-side glass substrate 20 at a pitch of 89 μm by a transfer method using a mask on the source wiring 26.
9 were arranged. The height of the spacer is about 4.5 μm. The JALS-194 alignment film 23 is formed on the TFT array side glass substrate 20 by the same method as the above glass substrate.
Was printed on the entire screen. These two substrates were heated at 180 ° C for 30
For a minute, the alignment film was cured.

A liquid crystal display panel was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 5 using the substrates 28 and 20 on which the electrodes and the polarizing plate were formed and the spacers 39 and the like were formed as described above. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependence on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the panel was measured.
As shown in the figure, the transmittance was low, and the characteristics were symmetric in the vertical direction with respect to the normal line of the substrate of the panel.

When a voltage was applied to this panel and the domain was observed from the back of the panel with a polarizing microscope, the disclination line was caught by the spacer 39, and the area ratio between the upper viewing angle region and the lower viewing angle region was uniform. It was still.

(Embodiment 8) FIG. 23 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of one pixel of an active matrix type liquid crystal panel used in Embodiment 8, and FIG. 24 is a plan view thereof. The same parts as those in the fifth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The aperture ratio of the black matrix pattern is 40%.

The spacers 40 were arranged at a pitch of 89 μm by a transfer method using a mask in the black matrix of the glass substrate (one substrate) 28 on which the transparent counter electrode 29 was formed. The height of the spacer is about 4.5
μm. The JALS-
The 199 alignment film 30 was subjected to offset printing. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, picture elements 37 are arranged in a matrix, and a TFT element 34 is formed in each picture element.
On the array-side glass substrate 20, a JALS-194 alignment film 23 was printed on the entire screen by the same method as the above glass substrate. Both substrates were heated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to cure the alignment film.

Using these substrates 28 and 20, a liquid crystal display panel was manufactured in the same manner as in the fifth embodiment. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependence on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the display panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. Showed a symmetric characteristic.

When a voltage is applied to the display panel,
When the domain was observed from the back of the panel with a polarizing microscope, the disclination line was caught by the spacer 40, and the area ratio between the upper viewing angle region and the lower viewing angle region remained uniform.

(Embodiment 9) A transparent row electrode 2 as shown in FIG.
A JALS-194 polyimide alignment film manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co. was offset-printed on one substrate 1A of the glass on which A was formed. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, a polyimide JALS-194 made by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was printed on the other substrate 1B having the Cr step 3 formed on the transparent column electrode 2B in the same manner as in the first embodiment. After both substrates were heated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes, the row electrode substrate (one substrate) 1A and the column electrode substrate (the other substrate) 1B were placed on the row electrode substrate (one substrate) 1A and the column electrode substrate (other substrate) 1B by rayon cloth, respectively, as shown in FIG.
8 rubbed.

Next, the photomask 4 patterned in a stripe pattern at a pitch of 200 μm as shown in FIG. 2 was aligned with the substrates 1A and 1B, and irradiated with ultraviolet light from a high-pressure mercury lamp. The irradiation energy was 55 mW / cm ² and the irradiation time was 5 minutes. The photomask is aligned with the substrate 1B
In accordance with the pitch of the Cr step 3, the substrate 1A
The bonding was performed such that the pitch was shifted by 100 μm when bonded with B. Thereby, the light irradiation area 5 and the non-irradiation area 6
However, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 25, they were formed in a stripe shape with a width of about 100 μm.

The row electrode substrate 1A and the column electrode substrate 1B were bonded so that the electrodes 2A and 2B faced each other, and the light-irradiated area 5 and the non-irradiated area 6 were bonded. When a nematic liquid crystal having no twisting force is injected into a panel that has been subjected to such an alignment treatment, the counterclockwise helix 9 is picked up, and the alignment is more energetically stable due to the influence of pretilt.

To such a liquid crystal panel, a chiral material R-811 having a clockwise twisting force was added to a liquid crystal material ZLI-4792 manufactured by Merck Co., Ltd. to prepare a liquid crystal material having a chiral pitch of about 80 μm. Liquid crystal was injected.

A polarizing plate was attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel manufactured as described above so as to be in a crossed Nicols state, and a liquid crystal display panel was obtained. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependence on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the display panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. Showed a symmetric characteristic.

When a voltage is applied to the display panel,
When the domain was observed with a polarizing microscope, as shown in FIG. 6, the disclination line 10 was caught by the Cr step 3 at the end of the pixel, and the upper viewing angle region 11 and the lower viewing angle region 12
Area ratio remained uniform.

(Embodiment 10) As shown in FIG. 13, on one substrate 17A of glass on which transparent row electrodes 18A are formed,
JALS-199 polyimide alignment film manufactured by Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was offset-printed. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, on a glass substrate 17B on which spacers 19 are arranged at a pitch of 100 μm on the transparent column electrode 18B by a transfer method using a mask at the end of the electrode, similarly, a polyimide JALS-194 made by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. Printed. The height of the spacer 19 was about 4.5 μm. After both substrates were heated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes, the row electrode substrate (one substrate) 17A and the column electrode substrate (other substrate) 17B were applied with rayon cloth in directions 7 and 8 as shown in FIG.
Rubbed.

Next, a photomask 4 patterned in a stripe pattern at a pitch of 200 μm as shown in FIG. 2A was aligned with the substrates 17A and 17B, and irradiated with ultraviolet light from a high-pressure mercury lamp. Irradiation energy is 55 mW / cm
^{In 2} , the irradiation time was 5 minutes. The photomask is aligned with the pitch of the spacers 19 on the substrate 17B.
In the case of the substrate 17A, the pitch was shifted by 100 μm when bonded to the substrate 17B. Thereby, the light irradiation area 5 and the non-irradiation area 6 on the substrates 17A and 17B
Was formed in a stripe shape with a width of about 100 μm.

Using these substrates 17A and 17B, a liquid crystal display panel was manufactured in the same manner as in the ninth embodiment. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependence on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the display panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. Showed a symmetric characteristic.

Also, by applying a voltage to this display panel,
When the domain was observed with a polarizing microscope, as shown in FIG. 14, the disclination line 10 was caught by the spacer 19 at the end of the pixel, and the area ratio between the upper viewing angle region 11 and the lower viewing angle region 12 remained uniform. .

(Example 11) As shown in FIG. 1, an AL-1051 polyimide alignment film manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was offset-printed on one substrate 1A of glass on which a transparent row electrode 2A was formed. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, a transparent column electrode 2B was formed on the other substrate 1B on which a Cr step 3 having a height of 0.5 μm was formed at a pitch of 100 μm by printing on the end of the electrode. Of polyimide AL-3046 was printed (FIG. 2).
6 (a)). After both substrates were heated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes, rubbing treatment was performed on the row electrode substrate (one substrate) 1A and the column electrode substrate (other substrate) 1B with rayon cloth in directions 7 and 8 as shown in FIG. 4, respectively. (FIG. 26 (b)).

Next, as shown in FIG. 26C, a photoresist is applied to the surface of the AL-3046 of the substrate 1B, and the photomask 4A is exposed to light in accordance with the pitch of the Cr step.
The exposed portion of the resist was developed as shown in FIG. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 26E, a rubbing process is performed in a direction different from the rubbing direction by 180 °, and the resist is stripped with a stripping solution to form divided regions 43 and 44 as shown in FIG. Almost 100 alignment treatments in each direction
It was applied in stripes with a width of μm.

The row electrode substrate 1A and the column electrode substrate 1B were bonded so that the electrodes 2A and 2B faced each other, and the rubbing direction between the substrates was + 90 ° or −90 °.

To such a liquid crystal panel, a chiral material R-811 having a clockwise twisting force was added to a liquid crystal material ZLI-4792 manufactured by Merck Co., Ltd. to prepare a liquid crystal material having a chiral pitch of about 80 μm. Liquid crystal was injected.

A polarizing plate was attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel manufactured as described above so as to form a cross Nicol, and a liquid crystal display panel was obtained. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependency on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the display panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. It showed symmetric characteristics in the direction.

Also, by applying a voltage to this display panel,
When the domain was observed with a polarizing microscope, as shown in FIG. 6, the disclination line 10 was caught by the Cr step 3 at the end of the pixel, and the upper viewing angle region 11 and the lower viewing angle region 12
Area ratio remained uniform.

Example 12 As shown in FIG. 1, an alignment film of polyimide AL-3046 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. was offset-printed on one substrate 1A of glass on which transparent row electrodes 2A were formed. The orientation film was uniformly formed on the entire screen by this printing.

Next, a transparent column electrode 2B was formed on the other substrate 1B on which the Cr step 3 having a height of 0.5 μm was formed at a pitch of 100 μm by printing on the end of the electrode. Of polyimide AL-3046 was printed (FIG. 2).
6 (a)). After heating both substrates at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes, a rubbing treatment is applied to the row electrode substrate (one substrate) 1A and the column electrode substrate (the other substrate) 1B by rayon cloth in directions 46 and 48 as shown in FIG. 27, respectively. Was given.

Next, both substrates 1A and 1B were subjected to alignment processing by photolithography in the same manner as in Example 11, and the alignment processing in each direction was performed in a stripe shape with a width of about 100 μm.

The row electrode substrate 1A and the column electrode substrate 1B face each other so that the electrodes 2A and 2B face each other, and are bonded so that the liquid crystal alignment has the same helical twist direction but a different angle with respect to the substrate surface. Was.

To such a panel, a liquid crystal material ZLI-4792 manufactured by Merck was added with a chiral material R-811 having a clockwise twisting force, so that a chiral pitch of about 8 was obtained.
Liquid crystal prepared to be 0 μm was injected.

A polarizing plate was attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel manufactured as described above so as to be in a crossed Nicols state, and a liquid crystal display panel was obtained. When a voltage was applied to this liquid crystal display panel and the viewing angle dependency on the transmittance in the vertical direction of the display panel was measured, the transmittance was low as shown in FIG. It showed symmetric characteristics in the direction.

Further, by applying a voltage to the display panel,
When the domain was observed with a polarizing microscope, as shown in FIG. 6, the disclination line 10 was caught by the Cr step 3 at the end of the pixel, and the upper viewing angle region 11 and the lower viewing angle region 12
Area ratio remained uniform.

[0108]

As described above, according to the present invention, in a liquid crystal display panel having two alignment regions subjected to an alignment treatment so that the alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules are different, at least one of the upper and lower substrates is used. By providing a convex portion or arranging a spacer on the boundary of the alignment region, by applying a voltage for a long time, the displacement of the disclination line from the pixel end is prevented, and the two domains are stabilized.
High quality liquid crystal display can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a glass substrate used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a plan view illustrating the other substrate, and FIG.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing photomasks used in Examples 1 to 12 of the present invention, wherein FIGS. 2A and 2B are plan views of photomasks having different pitches, and FIGS. It is an enlarged perspective view of c or d part of (b).

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an ultraviolet light irradiation pattern of an alignment film in Examples 1 and 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a rubbing direction in Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a viewing angle characteristic diagram of the liquid crystal display panel in each of Examples 1 to 12 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a pixel portion of a liquid crystal display panel in Examples 1, 7, 9, 11, and 12 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a viewing angle characteristic diagram of a liquid crystal display panel in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view of a pixel portion of a liquid crystal display panel in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a glass substrate used in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged plan view of a pixel portion of a liquid crystal display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating a glass substrate used in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged plan view of a pixel portion of a liquid crystal display panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating a glass substrate used in Examples 4 and 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged plan view of a pixel portion of a liquid crystal display panel according to Examples 4 and 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of an active matrix type liquid crystal display panel according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a plan view illustrating a schematic structure of an active matrix liquid crystal display panel according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a pattern of ultraviolet light irradiation of an alignment film in Example 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged plan view of a pixel portion of a liquid crystal display panel according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of an active matrix type liquid crystal display panel according to Example 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a schematic structure of an active matrix type liquid crystal display panel according to Example 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of an active matrix type liquid crystal display panel according to Example 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a plan view showing a schematic structure of an active matrix type liquid crystal display panel according to Example 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of an active matrix type liquid crystal display panel according to Example 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a plan view showing a schematic structure of an active matrix liquid crystal display panel according to Example 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a plan view illustrating a glass substrate used in Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of manufacturing the other substrate according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a plan view showing a rubbing direction in a twelfth embodiment of the present invention and a rubbing direction in a conventional liquid crystal display panel.

FIG. 28 is a view showing a viewing angle characteristic of a conventional liquid crystal display panel.

FIG. 29 is a relationship diagram between a rubbing direction and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal display panel.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of liquid crystal molecules of a liquid crystal display panel that solves the asymmetry of the vertical viewing angle characteristic and improves the viewing angle characteristic.

[Explanation of symbols]

1A, 13A, 15A, 17A, 54A One substrate 1B, 13B, 15B, 17B, 54B The other substrate 2A, 14A, 16A, 18A Row electrode of one substrate 2B, 14B, 16B, 18B Column electrode of the other substrate 3 Cr step 4A, 4B Photomask 5 Light irradiation area 6 Non-irradiation area 7 Rubbing direction of one substrate 8 Rubbing direction of the other substrate 9 Spiral 10 Disclination line 11 Upper viewing angle area 12 Lower viewing angle area 19,39,40 Spacer 20 TFT array side glass substrate 21 SiO ₂ film 22 SiN _X film 23,30,41,52,56,58,60 Orientation film 24 ITO electrode 25 Pixel electrode 26 Source wiring 27 Liquid crystal 28 Opposite glass substrate 29 Opposite electrode 31 Black matrix 32 Polarizer 33,38 Convex part 34 TFT 35 Gate wiring 36 Black matrix pattern 37 Picture element 42 Resist 43,44 Divided area 45 Front substrate 46 Rubbing direction of front substrate 47 Opposite substrate 48 Rubbing of opposite substrate Direction 49 Vertical direction of screen 50 Rubbing direction 51,61 LCD Molecules 53,57,59,67 Pretilt angle 55A, 55B Transparent electrode 62 Central part of liquid crystal layer 63 Pretilt angle φ1 64 Pretilt angle φ2 65 Upper viewing angle 66 Lower viewing angle

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yuji Saya 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kazuma, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-194665 (JP, A) JP-A-6-194 43462 (JP, A) JP-A-5-188374 (JP, A) JP-A-63-106624 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02F 1/1337

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A liquid crystal display panel comprising liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower substrates, wherein the pair of upper and lower substrates is
Thin film transistor array substrate or black matrix
A counter substrate having a box having a plurality of alignment regions orientations differ in the orientation of liquid crystal molecules, a boundary of alignment regions
The projection on the opaque wiring of the TFT array substrate
A liquid crystal display panel characterized by comprising a unit . 2. A liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower substrates, wherein each of the pair of upper and lower substrates is a thin film transistor array substrate or a counter substrate having a black matrix. A liquid crystal display panel comprising: a plurality of alignment regions having different directions; and a projection provided inside a black matrix region on the counter substrate side, which is a boundary line between the alignment regions. 3. A liquid crystal is not held between a pair of upper and lower substrates.
A pair of upper and lower substrates are respectively a thin film transistor array substrate or a counter substrate having a black matrix, and the orientation of liquid crystal molecules is
A liquid crystal display panel comprising a plurality of different alignment regions, and a spacer for forming a panel gap is disposed on an opaque wiring of the thin film transistor array substrate, which serves as a boundary between the alignment regions . 4. A liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower substrates, wherein the pair of upper and lower substrates is a thin film transistor array substrate or a counter substrate having a black matrix, respectively. A liquid crystal display panel having a plurality of alignment regions having different directions, and a spacer for forming a panel gap is arranged in a black matrix region on the side of the counter substrate, which is a boundary between the alignment regions. Claim 5.The alignment films on the upper and lower substrates are directly
Rubbing process to cross, Strip at a predetermined pitch on each surface of the alignment film.
A photomask patterned in the
Irradiate the light-irradiated area and non-light-irradiated area in a stripe
Formed so that the light irradiation area and the non-light irradiation area face each other.
Pasted on  Nematic liquid having no twisting force between the two substrates
In a crystalline material, a screw in a predetermined direction depends on the pretilt angle.
Oriented while taking a helical structure, the space between the pair of substrates
Has a twisting force that takes a spiral structure opposite to the specified direction.
2. A nematic liquid crystal which is sealed.~ 4
EitherLiquid crystal display panel as described. 6.The alignment films on the upper and lower substrates are directly
Rubbing process to cross, Strip at a predetermined pitch on each surface of the alignment film.
A photomask patterned in the
Irradiate the light-irradiated area and non-light-irradiated area in a stripe
And the light-irradiated area and the non-light-irradiated area are
半 分  Nematic liquid crystal with no twisting force between the upper and lower substrates
In the material, the helix in a predetermined direction depends on the pretilt angle.
Oriented while taking the structure, the screw opposite to the predetermined direction
Nematic liquid crystal with a twisting force that takes a spiral structure
Claim 1 is enclosed.Any of ~ 4The described liquid crystal
Display panel. 7. The pair of upper and lower substratesAdjacent orientation regions
The rubbing process is performed so that the directions are different from each other by 180 °.
The rubbing direction is + 90 ° or -90 °
A pair of upper and lower substrates are bonded to each other,  The rubbed first substrate and the second substrate, respectively.
2. A nematic liquid crystal is sandwiched between plates.~ 4
One ofLiquid crystal display panel as described.