JP3056190B1 - Crane spreader for container transport - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the guiding performance for positioning and engaging a spreader body with a container and the guiding performance for multi-stacking, to secure the durability while reducing the size and weight of the guide member, and to convey the container during transportation. To increase the stability and ensure versatility for containers of different heights. SOLUTION: Guide members 14 for guiding and suspending a container are provided vertically at four corners of a spreader body 12, and corner fittings at the lower end corners of the container 2 are provided near the lower ends of the respective guide members 14. A fixing mechanism 17 including a lock pin 20 for engaging and disengaging the container 2 and supporting the container 2 is provided, and a plurality of types of containers 2 having different heights are provided above the respective guide members 14 for the container 2. Spreader body 1
A plurality of stopper mechanisms 18 for defining the relative height position
Was provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spreader for a container transporting crane, and more particularly, to a method in which four guide members for guiding and suspending are vertically suspended, containers are suspended through them, and the containers are stacked. To guide you to.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A container transport crane used in a container yard or the like is used for loading and unloading between a container yard and a trailer chassis, and is a type of container transport that travels on rails laid on the container yard. There is a crane (RMG) and a tire-type container transport crane (RTG) that travels freely on a container yard or according to a travel route.

[0003] Each of these container transport cranes is formed in a gate shape straddling a large number of containers. When the traveling direction is the left-right direction based on the posture of the crane operator, a pair of front and rear leg structures and an upper end portion thereof are provided. It is constructed in a gate shape with a suspended beam structure, and a plurality of running wheels (drive wheel and driven wheel) are provided at the lower end of the front and rear leg structure, and the beam structure can traverse in the front and rear direction along it And a spreader that is driven up and down by a hoisting device provided on the trolley through a main winding rope and hangs a container.

[0004] The crane driver operates the crane from the operator's cab attached to the trolley, drives the container transport crane in the left-right direction, and traverses the trolley along the beam structure.
The spreader raises and lowers the spreader to carry out cargo handling. The spreader body that composes the spreader has a twist lock for fixing the container at its four corners,
A guide mechanism for guiding the container is provided. When lifting the container with this spreader, pull out the main winding rope while lowering the spreader while traversing the trolley, position the spreader with respect to the container while guiding it with the guide mechanism, and then connect the four twist locks to the container. The container is fixed to the spreader body by fitting it into the engagement holes at the four corners at the upper end, and the hoisting device lifts and transports the container via the main winding rope.

[0005] In a container yard, in order to normally stack containers in multiple stages, a container hung on a spreader is often stacked in a plurality of stages on another container. In this multi-stage stacking, the spreader body in the state where the container is suspended is accurately positioned with respect to another lower container, and then the suspended container is stacked. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-246680,
JP-A-5-338986, JP-A-10-8725
No. 8).

For example, in a spreader of a container transporting crane described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-338986, four guide mechanisms corresponding to four corners of a spreader main body are provided, and a pair of guide mechanisms on each end side of the container are provided. The mechanisms are connected by a connecting member, and each pair of guide mechanisms is configured to be able to move up and down by an elevating device such as a hydraulic cylinder arranged in the middle of them, and in the ascending state, the four guide mechanisms are located at substantially the same level as the spreader body. When holding and performing multi-stacking, the four guide mechanisms are lowered along the four corners of the suspended container to the lower end of the container. The spreader main body is equipped with a first sensor. The first sensor has a function of detecting whether a twist lock for fixing a container to the spreader main body is engaged or disengaged and transmitting a hanging signal or a disengaging signal. 2
The hydraulic cylinder has a stroke substantially equal to the height of the container, and is disposed so as to protrude upward from the spreader body.

Each of the guide mechanisms has a vertical surface and an inclined guide surface continuous with the vertical surface, and a second portion including, for example, a detection rod, a spring, a roller, and a proximity switch is provided inside a lower end of the vertical surface.
A sensor is provided, and the second sensor transmits a container confirmation signal when a container is present inside the second sensor, and shuts off the container confirmation signal when the container departs from the container.

When a container is hung by the spreader and the container is transported and stacked on another container, the spreader is first lowered onto the container to be hung. At this time, since the second sensor does not confirm the presence of the container inside, the container confirmation signal is not output, and the four guide mechanisms are lifted to the four corners of the spreader body by the elevating device. The guide mechanism is brought into contact with the four corners of the upper surface of the container to position the spreader body with respect to the container.

Next, when the container is grasped by the twist lock and a container confirmation signal is inputted from the second sensor, a hanging signal is inputted to the control device from the first sensor, and
The control device outputs a guide mechanism lowering command or a lowering command signal to the lifting device, and the four guide mechanisms lower. 4
When the two guide mechanisms are further lowered and their inclined guide surfaces project below the lower end of the container, the second sensor is disengaged from the lower end of the container and the container confirmation signal is cut off, and the lowering command signal is cut off from the control device. Then, the lowering of the four guide mechanisms stops. Thereafter, the container and the four guide mechanisms are fixed by the fixing device.

The lowering, stopping, and fixing of the four guide mechanisms are performed while the container is lifted, transported, and lowered onto another container (lower container). When the spreader is lowered onto the lower container, the spreader main body is positioned with respect to the lower container by four guide mechanisms projecting downward from the suspended container (upper container), and the upper container is moved downward. Multi-tiered on containers. After removing the twist lock,
Raise the two guide mechanisms.

On the other hand, in the spreader of the container transporting crane disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-338895, each pair of guide mechanisms at the left and right lower ends is connected and can be raised and lowered by a common lifting mechanism including a hydraulic cylinder. is there. In this spreader, similarly to the above-mentioned publication, the four guide mechanisms are lowered and fixed to the container by fixing pins, and then applied to the positioning of the spreader in multi-stacking.

In the spreader of the container transporting crane disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-144767, each pair of guide mechanisms at the left and right lower ends is connected to each other, and can be moved up and down by a chain type elevating mechanism. In this spreader, similarly to the above-mentioned publication, the four guide mechanisms are lowered and fixed to the container by fixing pins, and then applied to the positioning of the spreader in multi-stacking.

[0013]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention
No. 80, JP-A-5-338986, JP-A-1
In the spreader of the container transporting crane described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 0-87258 or the like, since the guide mechanism does not include the upright fixed guide member, the position (the position in plan view) of the guide mechanism with respect to the spreader body is likely to fluctuate. Therefore, it is necessary to lower the guide mechanism to the corner of the lower container by the elevating means and to provide the guide for multi-stacking in a state where the guide mechanism is fixed to the lower end of the container by the fixing means. Therefore, since the guide mechanism must be provided with fixing means including a hydraulic cylinder or the like, the structure of the guide mechanism and the configuration of the drive control means for those guide mechanisms are complicated.

In many cases, the fixing means has a structure in which a fitting pin or the like is fitted in an engagement hole at a lower end corner of the container, but the fixing means cannot smoothly fix the position due to a positional shift of the guide mechanism. In addition, the work efficiency of multi-stacking of containers tends to decrease. In addition, an elevating device that raises and lowers the four guide mechanisms by almost the height of the container is provided. However, since the elevating stroke is large, the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder of the elevating device is large, and the elevating device becomes large and expensive. Since the hydraulic cylinder of the elevating device protrudes upward from the spreader body, it has poor protection and is easily damaged by collision with an object.

In view of this, it is conceivable to provide fixed guide members at four corners of the spreader body of the spreader in a vertically extending manner. However, due to the increase in the length of these guide members, collision with a container or the like is considered. When an impact force acts on the lower end portion of the guide member, a large bending moment acts on the base end portion on the upper end side of the guide member, so that the guide member is easily damaged, and the durability is reduced. Therefore, a lock pin is provided at the lower end of the guide member for engaging and disengaging a corner fitting at the lower end corner of the container, the guide member is firmly connected to the container via the lock pin, and the guide member and the lock pin are connected via the lock pin. It is also conceivable to make the container suspendable. In this case, when suspending various containers having different heights, it is very difficult to set the height position of the spreader body with respect to the container, and it is difficult to engage the lock pin with the corner fitting,
Work efficiency decreases.

An object of the present invention is to provide a spreader for a container transporting crane which is easy to position with respect to a container to be hung, has excellent guideability when stacking containers in multiple stages, is less likely to be damaged, and has excellent durability. It is.

[0017]

Spreader of the crane for transport containers according to claim 1 Means for Solving the Problems], in spreader for hanging the container in container transport cranes, the four corners of the spreader body of the spreader, container
A guide member for guiding and suspending the container , which is continuously longer and lower than the height of the container, is provided in a vertically extending shape, and near the lower end of each guide member, a corner fitting at the lower end corner of the container is horizontally mounted.
Fixing means including a lock pin for engaging and disengaging from a horizontal or substantially horizontal direction to support the container, and a spreader body for the container corresponding to a plurality of types of containers having different heights is provided above each guide member. Are provided with a plurality of stopper mechanisms for defining the relative height position.

When the container is hung by the spreader, the height of the container to be hung out of a plurality of stopper mechanisms for defining the relative height position of the spreader main body with respect to the container in each of the four guide members. The stopper mechanism suitable for the above is operated, and all the fixing means provided on the four guide members are in the non-operating state (lock pin retracted state). Next, when the trolley of the container transport crane is traversed along the beam and the hoisting device lowers the spreader onto the container to be hung, the spreader body is guided by the four guide members with respect to the container, Thereafter, the four operating stopper mechanisms abut the upper end of the container to determine the relative height position of the spreader body with respect to the container.

In this state, when the fixing means is operated in each of the four guide members, the lock pin is moved to the corner fitting at the lower end corner of the container in the horizontal or substantially horizontal direction.
The container can be detachably engaged with the container, so that the container can be supported and hung by the four sets of lock pins and guide members. In the state where the four fixing means are in the operating state in this manner, the vicinity of the lower end of each guide member is connected to the corner fitting at the lower end corner of the container by the lock pin.
Even if a collision force or the like acts on the lower end side of the guide member, no large bending moment is generated, and there is no possibility that the guide member is damaged.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spreader for a container transporting crane according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein a guide member is provided at a lower end portion of each of the guide members so as to contact the container when the containers are stacked in multiple stages. An inclined guide surface capable of guiding in the front-rear and left-right directions is provided, and each guide member is provided with an L-shaped engagement surface connected to the inclined guide surface. When the spreader main body is displaced in the front-rear and left-right directions with respect to the container to be hung, the positional deviation in the front-rear and left-right directions can be eliminated by the guiding action of the four sets of inclined guide surfaces of the four guide members. L of guide member
The four corners near the ridge of the container are engaged with the shape engagement surface, so that the guideability when positioning the spreader body with respect to the container can be enhanced, and the stability when the container is suspended is improved. Can be enhanced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spreader for a container transporting crane according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, wherein the fixing means comprises a pair of lock pins which respectively engage and disengage with corner fittings from two orthogonal directions. And a pair of hydraulic cylinders for respectively engaging and disengaging the cylinders. After setting the relative height position of the spreader main body with respect to the container to be suspended via the four sets of stopper mechanisms, each of the four guide members is provided with a pair of lock pins and a pair of corner fittings by a pair of hydraulic cylinders. When engaged, the container can be suspended via the four guide members and the four pairs of lock pins. By engaging a pair of lock pins with the corner fittings from two orthogonal directions, the vicinity of the lower end of the guide member can be firmly fixed to the container, and even if a load acts on the guide member from one direction, Since one lock pin holds the engaged state, reliability is improved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spreader for a container transporting crane according to the third aspect of the invention, wherein the fluid pressure cylinder includes a spring member for elastically urging the lock pin toward the advance side. It is. Since the lock pin is always elastically biased toward the advancing side, the lock pin engaged with the corner fitting of the container does not come off from the corner fitting even if a fluid pressure leak occurs, and the reliability of the fixing means is improved. Increase.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spreader for a container transporting crane according to the first or second aspect of the invention, wherein the fixing means has a curved lock pin and a fluid pressure cylinder for engaging and disengaging the lock pin. It is characterized by the following. Since the lock pin is formed in a curved shape,
In each guide member, the guide member and the container can be firmly connected only by engaging one lock pin with the corner fitting of the container. That is, even when an external force acts on the lower end side of the guide member, the lock pin does not separate from the corner fitting.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spreader for a container transporting crane according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the stopper mechanism has a stopper pin and a fluid pressure cylinder for driving the stopper pin forward and backward. It is a feature. Therefore, it is possible to remotely control the stopper mechanism.

[0025]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The spreader according to the present embodiment is applied to a container transport crane. It should be noted that the front, rear, left and right are defined with reference to the state viewed from the crane operator, and will be described below. As shown in FIG. 1, the container transport crane 1 according to the present embodiment is a crane of a type that runs on its own via tire wheels, and has a gate shape that straddles a large number of containers 2. It is configured.

The container transport crane 1 comprises four vertically standing legs 3, a pair of front and rear connecting members 4 for connecting the lower portions of the left and right two legs 3 on the front and rear sides,
A plurality of tire wheels 5 (including a driving wheel and a driven wheel) provided at the lower part of each of these connecting members, two pairs of beam portions 6 for connecting the upper ends of the legs 3 corresponding to the front and rear, respectively, A trolley 7 movably traversed in the front-rear direction along the beam, and a main winding rope 9 of a hoisting device 8 for the trolley 7
And a spreader 10 for suspending and transporting the container 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, an operator's seat 11 is fixedly provided on the trolley 7, and a crane operator operates the container transporting crane 1 from the operator's seat 11 to perform a cargo handling operation. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the spreader main body 12 of the spreader 10 includes a rectangular frame-shaped spreader main body base frame 13 and a pair of spreader main bodies provided on both left and right sides of the spreader main body base 13 so as to be extendable and contractible. Movable part 1
3A. A pair of spreader body movable parts 13A
There is provided a switching mechanism (for example, any of a hydraulic cylinder type, a chain sprocket type, an electric winch / wire sheave type, etc.) for extending or contracting the When the pair of spreader main body movable portions 13A is extended, the spreader main body has a planar shape corresponding to a 40-foot container.

The spreader main body 12 is provided with guide members 14 for guiding and suspending the container at four corners thereof in a downwardly protruding manner and integrally with the spreader main body 12. Each guide member 14 is located at the height of the container.
Spreader book to extend continuously downward longer than
It is suspended from the body 12. As shown in FIGS.
Each of the two guide members 14 is a fixedly provided member, and each of the guide members 14 is integrally welded and joined in a closed cross-sectional shape by a pair of connecting plates 14c by arranging L-shaped plates 14a and 14b in parallel. Do it.

An L-shaped engaging surface 15 is formed on the inner surface of the L-shaped plate 14b of each guide member 14 so that a portion near the ridgeline of the corner of the container 2 engages with the lower end of each guide member 14. ,
An inclined guide surface 16 that is continuous with the L-shaped engagement surface 15,
An inclined guide surface 16 is formed to engage the container 2 when the containers 2 are stacked in multiple stages and to guide the guide member 14 in the front-rear and left-right directions with respect to the container 2. That is,
When the spreader body 12 is lowered toward the container 2 and engaged therewith, the inclined guide surfaces 16 at the four corners come into contact with the container 2 to position the spreader body 12 in the front-rear and left-right directions with respect to the container 2. L-shaped engaging surfaces 15
Since the four corners of the container 2 are engaged with the container 2, the position of the spreader body 12 with respect to the container 2 is accurately and reliably set, and the four guide members 14 are engaged with the container 2.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the four guide members 14 are supported near the lower ends of the four guide members 14 by being detachably engaged with corner fittings 2a at the lower end corners of the container 2. A fixing mechanism 17 (fixing means) including a lock pin 20 is provided. Above each guide member 14, a plurality of stopper mechanisms 18 are provided corresponding to a plurality of types of containers 2 having different heights and defining the relative height position of the spreader main body 12 with respect to the containers 2. As shown in FIG. 1, a large number of containers 2 on a container yard are stacked on a pallet P for each row, for example, and when the lowermost container 2 is suspended by a spreader 10, the guide members 1
4 does not interfere with the container yard.

As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG.
Has a pair of lock pins 20 which are orthogonal to each other in a horizontal direction in a plan view, and a pair of hydraulic cylinders 19 which respectively engage and disengage the pair of lock pins 20 with the elongated holes of the corner fittings 2a. The pair of hydraulic cylinders 19 has a pair of lock pins 2.
A pair of spring members 21 that elastically urges 0 toward the advance side are incorporated. The pair of lock pins 20 are disposed perpendicularly to a vertical surface adjacent to the L-shaped engagement surface 15, and when the hydraulic pressure in the rod side chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is discharged, the pair of lock pins 20 is connected to the pair of spring members. When each of the lock pins 20 is driven to advance and engages with the elongated hole of the corner fitting 2 a to supply hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 19, the pair of lock pins 20 is opposed to the biasing force of the spring member 21, and the pair of lock pins 20 is elongated. Break away from

As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 7, the lock pins 20 are engaged with the corner fittings 2a at the lower ends of a plurality of types of containers 2 having different heights, and the containers 2 are suspended. In addition, when suspending the container 2, it is necessary to set the relative height position of the spreader main body 12 with respect to the container 2. Therefore, a stopper 18A for a container having a height of 9 feet and 6 inches is provided on the upper end side portion of each guide member 14.
And a stopper mechanism 18B for a container having a height of 8 feet and 6 inches, and a stopper mechanism 18C for a container having a height of 8 feet.

The stopper 18A has a horizontal receiving surface for locking the corner fitting 2a at the upper end of the container 2 from above. Since the stopper mechanisms 18B and 18C have the same structure although the height positions are different, the stopper mechanism 18B will be described with reference to FIG. This stopper mechanism 18B
Is a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 attached to the guide member 14 in a penetrating manner, and a stopper pin 23 which is driven forward and backward by the hydraulic cylinder 22 to receive the upper end surface of the container 2 from above.
And

The hydraulic cylinder 22 is disposed horizontally in the left-right direction orthogonal to the L-shaped engaging surface 15 and has a stopper pin 2.
Numeral 3 is formed integrally with the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 22. When the stopper pin 23 is located on the advance side, the stopper pin 23 contacts the upper surface of the container 2 and
The relative height position of the spreader body 12 with respect to the
Can be engaged with the elongated hole of the corner fitting 2a. In addition, a spring member 24 that elastically urges the stopper pin 23 toward the advance side is incorporated in each hydraulic cylinder 22.

Next, the operation of the container transport crane 1 will be described. Spreader 10 allows height 8
When suspending the container 2 of 6 inches in foot, all the stopper mechanisms 18B of the four guide members 14 are used.
And the lock pins 20 of all the fixing mechanisms 17 of the four guide members 14 are switched to the retreat side by the hydraulic cylinder 19.

Next, the trolley 7 of the container transporting crane 1 is traversed along the beam 6, and then the main winding rope 9 of the hoisting device 8 is extended to lower the spreader 10 onto the container 2. At this time, the crane operator positions the inclined guide surfaces 16 of the four guide members 14 of the spreader main body 12 with respect to the container 2 while visually observing the container 2 to be hung from the driver's seat 11. When there is a displacement between the container 2 and the spreader body 12 in the front-rear and left-right directions, the positional displacement in the front-rear and left-right directions is eliminated by the guide action of the inclined guide surface 16, and then the spreader body 12 is further lowered. 2 is engaged with the L-shaped engaging surface 15 of the guide member 14, and the spreader main body 1 is maintained in the engaged state.
2 goes down. Then, the four stopper pins 23 that have been advanced in advance come into contact with the upper surface of the container 2, and the relative height position of the spreader main body 12 with respect to the container 2 is correctly determined.

Next, a pair of hydraulic cylinders 19 of each fixing mechanism 17 corresponding to the guide members 14 at the four corners are driven so that each lock pin 20 is engaged with the corner fitting 2a at the lower end corner of the container 2. Then, the container 2 can be supported and transported via the lock pins 20 and the four guide members 14.
Next, when the container 2 is suspended and placed on the container yard after being transported, the inclined guide surfaces 16 of the guide members 14 are matched with the four corners of the pallet P,
The container 2 is positioned and placed on the pallet P by the guide action of. When the suspended and transported container 2 is stacked on another container 2 in a multi-stage manner, the inclined guide surfaces 16 of the four corner guide members 14 slightly protruding from the lower end of the container 2
The spreader body 12 and the container 2 are positioned with respect to another container 2 by the guide action of
It can be stacked neatly on top.

When the four sets of fixing mechanisms 17 attached to the four guide members 14 are operated, the vicinity of the lower end of each guide member 14 is fixed to the corner fitting 2 a of the container 2 by the lock pin 20.
, A large bending moment is not generated in the guide member 14 even when an impact force or the like acts on the lower end side of the guide member 14.
Are less likely to be damaged and durability is improved. Therefore, the guide member 14 can be reduced in size and weight, and the rapid movement performance of the spreader can be maintained.

An L-shaped inclined guide surface 16 is formed at the lower end of each guide member 14 in a plan view so as to guide the guide member 14 back and forth and left and right, and an L-shaped engagement surface connected to each guide member 14 and connected to the inclined guide surface 16 Since the 15 is formed, the guideability when the spreader main body 12 is positioned with respect to the container 2 to be suspended can be enhanced, and the work efficiency can be enhanced. In addition, even when the containers 2 are stacked in multiple stages, the spreader main body 12 can be positioned in front, rear, left, and right with respect to the containers 2 via the inclined guide surfaces 16, so that the work efficiency can be improved. Moreover, when the container 2 is suspended from the spreader body 12, the L-shaped engaging surfaces 15 of the four guide members 14
And the ridges near the four corners of the container 2 are engaged with each other, so that the stability in the state where the container 2 is suspended and transported is improved, and the lock pin 20 of the fixing mechanism 17 is connected to the corner fitting 2a.
Can be smoothly engaged with the long hole.

In the fixing mechanism 17 of each guide member 14, since the pair of lock pins 20 is engaged with the corner fitting 2a from two orthogonal directions, the lower end of the guide member 14 is impacted from one direction in the engaged state. Even if force acts,
Since at least one lock pin 20 maintains the locked state, reliability can be ensured. Since the lock pin 20 is urged toward the engagement side by the spring member 21, even if a hydraulic pressure leak or the like occurs, the lock pin 20 is moved to the corner fitting 2 a.
Never leave.

Since the stopper 18A and the stopper mechanisms 18B and 18C that are compatible with the containers 2 having three different heights are provided above the guide members 14, the spreader 10
The versatility of the lock pin 2 of the fixing mechanism 17 is increased.
0 can be smoothly and quickly fitted to the corner fitting 2a, so that the working efficiency can be easily increased, and it is also suitable for automation of container handling work.

Next, a description will be given of a modification in which the above embodiment is partially modified. 1] The fixing mechanism 17 shown in FIG. 8 will be described.
It has a cross section. Inside the guide member 14A, an L-shaped engagement surface is formed by the engagement surface 32a and the engagement surface 33a. The fixing mechanism 17A includes a curved lock pin 35 that advances and retreats from the inside of the rod-shaped member 33 to the corner fitting 2a.
And a hydraulic cylinder 36 for engaging and disengaging the lock pin 35 with the corner fitting 2a of the container 2. The hydraulic cylinder 36 includes a spring member that elastically urges the lock pin 35 toward the advance side. The lock pin 35 is connected to a rod of a hydraulic cylinder 36 via a swinging piece 37.

According to this fixing mechanism 17A, since the lock pin 35 is formed in a curved shape, each guide member 14 is formed.
The container 2 can be stably supported only by engaging one lock pin per A with the corner fitting 2a of the container 2. That is, even if an impact force acts on the lower end side of the guide member 14A, the lock pin 35 does not separate from the corner fitting 2a. Therefore, the structure of the fixing mechanism 17A can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

2] The fixing mechanism 17B shown in FIG. 9 will be described.
Similarly, the rectangular tube member 32 and the rod-shaped member 33 are formed in an L-shaped cross section. The fixing mechanism 17 </ b> B includes a lock pin 35 having a curved shape, and the lock pin 35
a and a hydraulic cylinder 39 that is engaged and disengaged. The hydraulic cylinder 39 is pivotally supported by a fixing bracket 38 protruding from the bar 33 in the horizontal direction. The hydraulic cylinder 39 includes a spring member that elastically urges the lock pin 35 toward the advance side. The lock pin 35 is pivotally supported by a swinging piece 37 and is connected to a rod of a hydraulic cylinder 36 via a connecting member 40 connected to one end of the lock pin 35.

3] The fixing mechanism 17C shown in FIG. 10 will be described.
As in the case of A, the rectangular tube member 32 and the rod-shaped member 33 have an L-shaped cross section. The fixing mechanism 17C includes a lock pin 35 having a curved shape, and a hydraulic cylinder 39 that drives the lock pin 35 to engage and disengage with the corner fitting 2a of the container 2. The hydraulic cylinder 39 includes a spring member that elastically biases the lock pin 35 toward the advance side. The lock pin 35 is connected to a rod of the hydraulic cylinder 36 via a connecting member 40 connected to one end of the lock pin 35.

4) Fixing mechanism 17 in the above embodiment
Instead of this, a fixing mechanism including one twist lock pin and a hydraulic actuator for twist lock that drives the twist lock pin to engage and disengage with the corner fitting 2a can also be applied. In this case, the structure of the fixing mechanism is simplified, the size is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. 5) Although the container transport crane in the above embodiment is a crane of a type that travels by itself through tire wheels, the type of the crane is not limited to this, and a container transport crane that travels on a rail by itself. Or any other type of container transport crane.

[0047]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the four corners of the spreader main body are continuously downwardly longer than the height of the container.
Since each of the extended guide members for guiding and suspending the containers is provided in a vertically extending shape, the guideability of the spreader body with respect to the containers can be improved. In addition, since the fixing means for fixing the vicinity of the lower end of each guide member to the corner fitting at the lower end corner of the container is provided, even if an impact force acts on the lower end side of the guide member, a large bending moment acts on the guide member. And the load condition of the guide member is reduced. As a result, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the guide member and to prevent a decrease in the movement performance of the spreader.

Since a plurality of stopper mechanisms are provided above each guide member, the relative height position of the spreader body with respect to the container can be adjusted when suspending the container via the stopper mechanism corresponding to the height of the container. It can be easily specified, the versatility of the spreader can be ensured, and the lock pin of the fixing means should be horizontal or almost horizontal to the corner fitting .
Increasing the engagement polymerizable to engaged et engagement can increase the working efficiency of container transport, which is advantageous in automating container transport.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the inclined guide surface is provided at the lower end of each guide member, and the L-shaped engaging surface connected to the inclined guide surface is provided on each guide member. In addition to being able to guide efficiently back and forth and right and left by the inclined guide surface when positioning,
Similarly, when a suspended container is stacked in a stack on another container, the container can be efficiently guided by the inclined guide surface. Further, in the state where the container is suspended, the portions near the ridges at the four corners of the container are engaged with the L-shaped engagement surfaces of the four guide members, so that the stability at the time of transporting the container is excellent. Also,
The operation reliability when the lock pin of the fixing means is engaged with the corner fitting can also be enhanced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the fixing means includes a pair of lock pins which respectively engage and disengage with the corner fittings from two orthogonal directions, and a pair of hydraulic cylinders which respectively engage and disengage these lock pins. In the state where the pair of lock pins are engaged with the corner fittings, at least one lock pin holds the engaged state even if an impact force acts on the lower end of the guide member from one direction. The reliability of the fixing means can be improved.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the fluid pressure cylinder includes the spring member that elastically urges the lock pin toward the advance side, the lock pin is always elastically urged toward the advance side, and the hydraulic pressure Even if a leak or the like occurs, the lock pin engaged with the corner fitting of the container does not come off from the corner fitting.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the fixing means has the curved lock pin and the fluid pressure cylinder for engaging and disengaging the lock pin, the engagement between the curved lock pin and the corner fitting is achieved. And the locking function of the fixing means is improved. According to the invention of claim 6, since the stopper mechanism has the stopper pin and the fluid pressure cylinder for driving the stopper pin forward and backward, the structure of the stopper mechanism is simplified, and the stopper mechanism can be remotely operated. It is suitable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a container transport crane and containers stacked in multiple stages according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a spreader.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of a spreader and a container.

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the spreader showing a fixing mechanism and a stopper mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a main part of the spreader showing a fixing mechanism and a stopper mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 6 of a fixing mechanism according to a modified embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 6 of a fixing mechanism according to a modified embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 6 of a fixing mechanism according to a modified embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container transport crane 2 Container 2a Corner fitting 10, 10A, 10B, 10C Spreader 12 Spreader body 14, 14A, 14B, 14C Guide member 15 L-shaped engaging surface 16 Inclined guide surface 17, 17A, 17B, 17C Fixing mechanism 18B , 18C Stopper mechanism 19 Hydraulic cylinder 20, 35 Lock pin 21 Spring member 22, 36, 39 Hydraulic cylinder 23 Stopper pin

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-9-77453 (JP, A) JP-A-4-191298 (JP, A) JP-A-7-53172 (JP, A) 31181 (JP, U) U.S.A. 63-11498 (JP, U) U.S.A. 2-7277 (JP, U) U.S. Pat. No. 4014447 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB) Name) B66C 1/10 WPI / L (QUESTEL)

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A spreader for suspending a container with a container transport crane, wherein four corners of a spreader main body of the spreader are provided :
Guide members for guiding and suspending the container continuously extending downward longer than the height of the container are provided in a vertically extending shape, and near the lower end of each guide member, a corner fitting at the lower end corner of the container is provided.
A fixing means including a lock pin for engaging and disengaging from a horizontal direction or a substantially horizontal direction and supporting a container is provided. A spreader for the container corresponding to a plurality of types of containers having different heights is provided above each guide member. A spreader for a container transport crane, comprising a plurality of stopper mechanisms for defining a relative height position of the main body. 2. An inclined guide surface is provided at a lower end portion of each of the guide members so as to abut on the container when the containers are stacked in multiple stages and to guide the guide member forward, backward, left and right with respect to the container. The spreader for a container transporting crane according to claim 1, wherein an L-shaped engaging surface is provided so as to be continuous with the inclined guide surface. 3. The fixing means has a pair of lock pins which respectively engage and disengage with corner fittings from two orthogonal directions, and a pair of hydraulic cylinders which respectively engage and disengage these lock pins. The spreader for a container transport crane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. The spreader for a container transporting crane according to claim 3, wherein the fluid pressure cylinder includes a spring member that elastically biases the lock pin toward the advancing side. 5. The spreader for a container transporting crane according to claim 1, wherein said fixing means includes a curved lock pin and a hydraulic cylinder for engaging and disengaging the lock pin. 6. The spreader for a container transporting crane according to claim 1, wherein said stopper mechanism has a stopper pin and a fluid pressure cylinder for driving said stopper pin forward and backward.