JP3050543B1 - Cooling and refrigeration facilities using air column resonance wave refrigeration - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the living space by applying the function of a highly durable air column resonance wave refrigerator which requires substantially no maintenance, to improve the living space, to consume less energy (electricity), and to be environmentally friendly. Providing technology. A stack sandwiched between one high-temperature side heat source and one low-temperature side heat source, a regenerator sandwiched between another high-temperature side heat source and another low-temperature side heat source, a pair of straight tube portions, and the straight tube And a pipe having a pair of connecting pipe sections connecting both ends of the section to each other, a gas is sealed in a circuit formed by the stack, the sealed gas is self-excited by the stack to generate a traveling wave and a standing wave. Cause the regenerator to operate by these waves,
A cooling / refrigeration facility using air column resonance wave refrigerating means for introducing cold energy stored in the regenerator into a cooling / refrigerating space and its application.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermo-acoustic refrigeration circuit that causes resonance (self-excited vibration) in a circuit internal loop of a pipe filled with a predetermined gas (working gas) due to a thermo-acoustic effect. A columnar tube resonance wave that cools and freezes facilities (spaces) such as cold storage warehouses and cooling rooms by using the cooling energy (cooling heat) to cool the regenerator provided in the circuit using waves and standing waves. The present invention relates to applied technology of acoustic refrigeration function.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The fact that waves (acoustics) can be generated by the influence of heat has long been known as a phenomenon in which sound is produced when a hot spherical glass is attached to the tip of a cold stem by, for example, glass blowing. Can be confirmed by applying heat to the bottom of a round-bottom flask-shaped glass container called a "soundhouse tube", and a sound is emitted from the glass tube by thermoacoustic effect. It has been confirmed that the insertion of a stack that forms a layered narrow space enhances the acoustic effect of the above-described thermal drive.

On the other hand, utilizing such a thermoacoustic effect,
The heat applied from the outside of the container causes pressure oscillation (thermoacoustic work) in the working gas pre-filled in the container, and converts the thermoacoustic work into heat to provide a cooling function such as a beer cooler. Thermoacoustic refrigerators are also known.

Separation has proposed a traveling wave generating type thermoacoustic refrigerator in which a Stirling engine is provided with thermoacoustic generating means to eliminate its piston.

In this refrigerator, a pressure vibration generating means comprising a stack and heat exchangers on the high temperature side and the low temperature side located on both sides of the stack at a center position where the pipe is symmetrically bisected in the middle of the loop pipe. , A heat storage device (regenerative heat exchanger), and heat exchangers on both sides of the regenerator (high-temperature side and low-temperature side), and a heat pump that works in the opposite direction to the prime mover is provided. Thus, while supplying high-temperature thermal energy to the prime mover, the heat pump should be able to pump heat from the low-temperature side to the high-temperature side heat exchanger to perform a cooling action.

[0006] However, there have been no reports that attempts to embody the above-mentioned separation proposal have been successful. In addition, reports that such a traveling-wave generator does not oscillate either theoretically or practically have been made by Acile, and the recognition that oscillation is not possible was spreading at academic conferences. .

However, the present inventors have found a self-excited oscillation phenomenon in a non-circular loop pipe, and have come to confirm the oscillation conditions.

[0008]

In a refrigerator using a piston type compressor, maintenance work such as periodic replacement of parts is indispensable for movable parts, and the refrigerator cannot be operated continuously for a long time. .

On the other hand, the pressure vibration generating means based on the thermoacoustic effect can generate a sinusoidal pressure vibration in the working gas without using a mechanical compressor, a solenoid valve or the like. This is advantageous in terms of the production.

As described above, the present inventors have discovered the phenomenon of self-excited oscillation, and have found conditions under which this oscillation phenomenon can be reproduced.

This condition means that one stack (motor) and another stack or regenerator are arranged asymmetrically, and a straight pipe portion and a connecting pipe portion are provided in the piping so that the flow of the sealed gas is reduced. Creates a state of turning straight and turning at almost a right angle, making it easy to generate standing waves and traveling waves, operating the stack that is the prime mover non-isothermally, and amplifying the standing waves to generate traveling waves For optimal placement of one stack and one of the other stacks or regenerators.

[0012] This discovery has made it possible for the first time to succeed in the development of a practically usable air column resonance wave refrigerator, and to make it possible to develop technology utilizing this. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves a problem that was considered impossible in the prior art, and generates a resonance in a gas existing in a loop tube and strongly contributes to the refrigeration of a thermoacoustic refrigerator. It is an object of the present invention to provide a facility mainly including a cooling room and a freezer excellent in a freezing function by utilizing the thermoacoustic effect. Moreover, according to the present invention, it is a highly durable air column resonance wave refrigerator that requires substantially no maintenance, and can improve the living space by applying the function of this refrigerator, It is possible to provide an environment-friendly technology with low (electric) consumption.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention self-excitedly operates by a stack that converts thermal energy based on a high-temperature heat source and a low-temperature heat source into pressure oscillation of a gas sealed in a circuit.
A pressure oscillation (resonance) including a standing wave and a traveling wave having a frequency corresponding to the circuit length of the circuit is generated, and a traveling wave is generated by amplifying the standing wave, which is converted into thermal energy. This is a cooling / refrigeration facility that has a thermoacoustic refrigerator that operates by pumping up heat in a regenerator as a main part and that is incorporated as a refrigeration system.

The present invention is directed to a cooling / refrigeration facility incorporating a refrigeration system, specifically, application to agricultural techniques for flowers, vegetables, cereals, etc., and air column using exhaust gas from automobiles as a heat source. Includes applications to industrial technology to operate tube resonant wave refrigerators to provide comfortable and comfortable vehicles.

The following is a description of each claim. First, the present invention relates to a gas (working gas).
In a pipe enclosing, a means for generating a standing wave and a traveling wave composed of a stack sandwiched between a high-temperature heat source and a low-temperature heat source, and another stack or cold storage means sandwiched between another high-temperature heat source and a low-temperature heat source The cooling air circulated by the thermoacoustic refrigerator having the main configuration is cooled to cool the cooling room. The stack and the cold storage means are connected to the predetermined position through the pipe to form a circuit of the working gas, and the heat source that causes a predetermined temperature difference placed at both ends of the stack is used to supply the working gas to the working gas. The applied thermal energy is converted to pressure by the stack, and the fluctuating pressure produces self-excited oscillations. This vibration (oscillation) includes a standing wave and a traveling wave having a frequency corresponding to the circuit length. The generated traveling wave travels from one high-temperature side heat source into the circuit, reaches the regenerator via the other high-temperature side heat source, and provides a thermoacoustic refrigeration function as a traveling wave having a sufficient freezing action. Then, the cooling room and the refrigerator / freezer are cooled using the refrigerating capacity.

A second aspect of the present invention is a crop cultivation plant or storage warehouse for providing the air column wave acoustic refrigeration means of the first aspect for low-temperature cultivation and low-temperature preservation of flowers or cultivated plants. In this case, there is a method in which not only the heat exchanger is directly cooled, but also the cooling water provided to the cooling device using the latent heat of evaporation is cooled.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 condenses sunlight or artificial light, uses the condensed radiant rays, heats the heat medium to serve as a high-temperature heat source, and uses groundwater as a cooling medium as a low-temperature heat source. This is a crop cultivation and storage plant using columnar tube resonance wave refrigeration means.

Further, the invention of claim 4 is the same as that of claim 1.
Air columnar resonance wave acoustic refrigeration means is, buildings, vehicles, ships and submarines, a cooling and freezing facilities consisting provided near the living space or the living space, such as aircraft and spacecraft.

[0019] In addition, the invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 1.
Wherein the thermoacoustic refrigeration means specified in (1) is provided in the vehicle, the high-temperature heat source is exhaust gas, and the low-temperature heat source is the vehicle body. .

[0020]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a cooling device (horticultural facility) for a plant plant using the air column resonance wave refrigerator according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, an air column tube shows a circuit including a stack, a regenerator, and piping, and a circuit is filled with a mixed gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide as a predetermined working gas. This working gas operates at normal pressure, but the absolute pressure is 0.1 to 5M.
A pressurized state of about Pa is preferable. As the working gas, besides the above-mentioned mixed gas, nitrogen, helium, argon, a mixture of helium and argon, and the like can be used. In particular, a mixture of helium and argon in a volume ratio of about 1: 1 to about 3: 1 can be used. The refrigeration efficiency can be improved.

In the circuit, a stack and a regenerator are arranged.
Each end of the stack is provided with a high-temperature heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger. Similarly, the regenerator has a high-temperature heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger at its respective ends. As an embodiment of the present invention, as will be described later, sunlight can be used as a high-temperature heat source.

By using one stack and another stack, in other words, replacing the regenerator with another stack,
One stack can also operate the wave refrigerator. In this method, the configuration of the stack that substitutes for the regenerator is a honeycomb structure made of ceramics and has at least 9
A time constant near isothermal of 00 cells / square inch (ωτ = 1 to
100) are preferred. Such an air column circuit functions as an excellent refrigerator.

Further, since the traveling wave generator using the working gas does not require a member causing wear such as a piston and a valve, there is an advantage that an engine which requires substantially no maintenance is formed. As a material that can be used for the piping, for example, a material having a circular cross section made of stainless steel may be used.

As shown in FIG. 1, although it is empirical, a pipe having a rectangular shape as a whole easily causes self-oscillation of the working gas sealed in the air column. The column acoustic wave refrigeration unit shown in this drawing is an example using two stacks, and the engine side stack is 900 cells / square inch, and the regenerator replacement stack is 1200 cells / square.
When a square inch was used, the temperature reached 50 ° C. below freezing two hours after the operation.

FIG. 3 shows an example of an automotive cooler box, similar to FIG. 1, in which the entire pipe is formed in a rectangular shape. This car cooler box uses automobile exhaust gas as a high-temperature heat source,
At that time, the heat exchanger has been devised to increase the thermal efficiency. The details will be described in the embodiments, but the application technology of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0028]

<Example 1> An example of a plant plant utilizing sunlight will be described. Crops cultivation factories have recently begun to spread rapidly. Leaf lettuce, leaf leek, cayenne, bean sprouts, honeysuck, mushrooms, etc. are cultivated in plant plants. Similarly, melons and tomatoes have long been a target for institutional cultivation. An embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
The plant is a plant that mainly uses an air column resonance wave refrigerator, uses sunlight as a high-temperature heat source, and groundwater as a low-temperature heat source, and uses the cold generated by the wave refrigerator for cooling. An openable daylighting window is provided on the inclined roof, and a concentrator for collecting sunlight and using solar heat as a heat source is provided on a part of the roof. Due to the solar heat, the circulating fluid in the pipe placed inside the condenser reaches a high temperature, and this circulating fluid becomes a high-temperature heat source of a wave refrigerator that causes air column vibration. The circulating fluid is circulated by a pump between the heat exchanger of the air column resonance wave refrigerator and the condenser on the roof.

As a supplementary explanation of the light collector, as shown in FIG. 2, the light collector body is formed in a long trough-shaped concave surface, and sunlight is reflected on the concave surface, and the sunlight has A pipe for circulating the heat medium fluid is provided at a position where the radiation focuses. In the piping, for example, a boiling point of 25
Mineral oil (naphtha oil, paraffin, etc.) at about 0 ° C. to 300 ° C. is enclosed, and the mineral oil is circulated.

It is well known to utilize groundwater for cooling buildings. Compared to the technique of directly exchanging heat between air and groundwater by the method of flowing air to that position while flowing down the pumped groundwater like a shower, the present embodiment has the advantage that the cooling of air does not involve a change in humidity. is there. Furthermore, in addition to directly cooling the heat exchanger as described above, there is also a method of cooling the cooling water supplied to the cooling device using the latent heat of vaporization by the above-mentioned means. This is effective when applied to By adjusting the temperature of the plant plant to an appropriate temperature, it is possible to set an environment that cannot be achieved by nature. These conditions include flowers, vegetables,
The present invention is applied to crop cultivation factories and storage warehouses for low-temperature cultivation and low-temperature preservation of cultivated plants such as grains. In flowers, the timing of flowering can be appropriately controlled by changing the cultivation environment, for example, by setting the temperature environment and adjusting the sunshine time and the lighting time. In the example of strawberries, a method of suppressing cultivation at a low temperature during a period corresponding to yamaage (mountain climbing) can be adopted, thereby enabling rational and economical cultivation. <Example 2> It shows the application to a cooler box. FIG. 3 shows an example in which a wave refrigerator configured to generate air column vibration is incorporated in a vehicle body, in particular, a vehicle interior. In this wave refrigerator, exhaust gas (exhaust pipe), engine bulkhead, engine cooling water, and the like can be used as a high-temperature heat source, and an automobile body can be used as a low-temperature heat source.

When the exhaust pipe is used as a high-temperature heat source, consideration should be given to increasing the thermal efficiency as shown in FIG. The heat of the exhaust pipe is introduced by being connected to the stack of the air column resonance wave refrigerator and the heat exchanger of the regenerator via a heat conducting member made of a material having high heat conductivity. Further, in this embodiment, it is more preferable that the exhaust pipe itself is also improved to increase the heat exchange efficiency as shown in FIG.

[0032]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a stack sandwiched between a high-temperature side heat source and a low-temperature side heat source and a stack sandwiched between another high-temperature side heat source and a low-temperature side heat source are provided in a pipe filled with a gas (working gas). And the main configuration is a cold storage means or another stack,
A standing wave and a traveling wave are generated in the working gas from the stack, the thermal energy of the wave is released, the cold energy is stored in the cold storage means, and the cold air derived from the stored cold heat is circulated to cool the cooling room. And cool the freezer.

The thermal energy imparted to the working gas is converted into pressure by the stack, and the fluctuating pressure produces a self-excited oscillation. This vibration (oscillation) produces a standing wave and a traveling wave having a frequency corresponding to the circuit length. However, since the oscillation is self-excited, a sliding part such as a piston is unnecessary, and it is extremely useful as a refrigeration facility requiring no maintenance. It will be unique. Needless to say, the field of application of this technology is wide.

Next, a second aspect of the present invention is a crop cultivation plant for providing the columnar wave acoustic refrigeration means of the first aspect for low-temperature cultivation and low-temperature storage of cultivated plants such as flowers, vegetables, and grains.・ Applies to storage warehouses. Refrigeration / cooling means may be direct or indirect, and there is also a method of circulating a refrigerant through a pipe in order to bring utility over a wide area. In flowers, the timing of flowering can be appropriately controlled by changing the cultivation environment, for example, by setting the temperature environment and adjusting the sunshine time and the lighting time. In the case of strawberries, rational and economical cultivation is possible, such as suppressing cultivation at a low temperature during the period corresponding to yamaage, adjusting the lighting time with artificial light, and suppressing growth using ultraviolet rays. Is obtained.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, sunlight or artificial light is condensed, and the condensed radiant rays are used to heat the heat medium to serve as a high-temperature side heat source and to use groundwater as a coolant. This is a plant for cultivating and storing crops using columnar tube resonance wave refrigeration means, which is used as a low-temperature side heat source. This invention is a technique of separating the invention of claim 2 into a light and a heat source to thoroughly perform cultivation and storage, and can be said to have an extremely large economic effect. Unprecedented new cultivation methods and the like have been developed, and there are expectations for the development of new and multi-harvest varieties that did not exist before. Furthermore, there are expectations that the environment setting will be free, breeding will be reformed, the cultivation cycle will be shortened, and the yield per unit area will increase.

Further, the invention of claim 4 is specified by claim 1.
The air column resonance wave acoustic refrigeration means is a cooling / refrigeration facility provided in or near a living space of a building, a vehicle, a ship / submarine, an aircraft / spacecraft, or the like. Claim
In addition to the effects of item 1, in addition to contributing to the improvement of the living environment of human beings, it is also expected to be applied to the improvement of animal breeds and produce technological innovations such as dairy farming and livestock raising.

In addition, the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the thermoacoustic refrigeration means is provided in the vehicle, the high-temperature side heat source is exhaust gas, and the low-temperature side heat source is a vehicle body. It is a vehicle cool box using a resonance wave refrigeration unit. High practicality and great economic effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an application of the present invention to a plant plant which is one of embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a solar collector as a high-temperature heat source of an air column resonance wave cooler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an application to an automobile cooler box according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram in which exhaust gas from an automobile is used as a high-temperature heat source as a heat source for operating an automobile cooler box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger using an exhaust pipe of an automobile, which is one embodiment of the present invention, which is incorporated in an air column resonance wave cooler that operates a cooler box.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-249525 (JP, A) JP-A-10-68556 (JP, A) JP-A-58-52948 (JP, A) Patent 3015786 (JP, A) B1) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 9/00 B60H 1/32 621

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A stack sandwiched between one high-temperature side heat source and one low-temperature side heat source, a regenerator sandwiched between another high-temperature side heat source and another low-temperature side heat source, a pair of straight tube portions and the straight line A gas is sealed in a circuit formed by a pipe having a pair of connecting pipes connecting both ends of the pipe to each other, and the sealed gas is self-excited by the stack to generate a traveling wave and a standing wave. A cooling / refrigeration facility using columnar resonant wave refrigeration means, which comprises operating the regenerator by these waves and introducing the cold stored in the regenerator to the cooling / refrigeration space. 2. A crop cultivation factory and storage warehouse for providing the columnar resonance wave freezing means according to claim 1 for low-temperature cultivation and low-temperature preservation of flowers or cultivated plants. 3. A high-temperature heat source by condensing sunlight or heating a heat medium using artificial light, and a low-temperature heat source using groundwater as a cooling medium. Crop cultivation factory and storage warehouse using the air column resonance wave refrigeration means described in (1). 4. A cooling / refrigeration system in which the air column resonance wave refrigeration means according to claim 1 is provided in or near a living space of a building, a vehicle, a ship / submarine, an aircraft / spacecraft, or the like. Facility. 5. The air column resonance wave refrigeration means is provided in the vehicle, a high temperature heat source is an exhaust gas, the vehicle utilizing the refrigeration unit of claim 1, wherein the low temperature heat source is body For cool box.