JP3047929B2 - Biological electrode - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a biomedical electrode for deriving a weak current from a subject, and more particularly to a disposable (disposable) type biomedical electrode used for recording an electrocardiogram.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among biometric measurements, an electrocardiogram test is a general test. In recent years, not only medical examinations for schoolchildren, medical examinations at medical checkups, medical examinations for adult diseases, but also in hospitals,
It is widely used in general wards, intensive care units (ICU), coronary intensive care units (CCU) and the like.

[0003] An essential component of the electrocardiogram examination is an electrocardiogram measurement electrode for collecting an electrocardiogram signal weaker than a living body. This electrode is roughly classified into two types. That is, a type that is reused many times and a disposable type that is used only once. This disposable type is often used when performing an electrocardiogram test for a relatively long time, such as an electrocardiogram monitor test or a long-time electrocardiogram test in an intensive care unit, a coronary intensive care unit, or the like. Therefore, it is basically required to have long-term stability and no discomfort when worn.
In particular, in a long-time electrocardiogram test, these two conditions are extremely important because the test is performed while performing daily living with the electrocardiogram electrode attached.

In the current disposable electrodes for long-time electrocardiography, for example, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a lead wire is not integrated, and after the lead wire is attached to the electrode, an electrocardiograph is used. (See Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-114605). The material of the electrode has a structure in which the elastic substrate 101 is directly fitted to the electrode element 100 in consideration of a feeling of wearing. Electrode element 10
The substrate No. 0 is formed of a synthetic resin, and the entire resin is covered with a silver / silver chloride layer 102, thereby electrically connecting the electrode surface 104 and the lead wire connection portion 103.

[0005]

As described above, in the conventional electrode for long-time electrocardiogram recording, the electrode and the lead wire are not integrated, and the projection for connecting after the lead wire is attached to the electrode. It is necessary to form a portion (lead wire connecting portion 103), and this protruding portion causes an uncomfortable feeling when worn for a long time.

The connection between the lead wire and the protrusion is
It is performed by a metal snap, a magnet, a clip, or the like. For this reason, if an external force is applied to this connection during long-time ECG recording, noise will be added to the ECG signal,
The lead wire may come off. Furthermore, in electrocardiogram recording, a plurality of electrodes are usually attached to a living body,
At this time, if the connection between each of the mounting electrodes and the electrocardiogram signal input unit is incorrect, an electrocardiogram necessary for diagnosis may not be obtained.

Further, in the conventional long-time electrocardiogram recording electrode, the electrode element 100 is directly fitted to the elastic base material 101. For this reason, although the wearing feeling is good, the electrode element 100
When an external force is applied to the electrode, the electrode element easily fluctuates, which also causes noise on the electrocardiogram signal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to easily and reliably attach to a subject, not to feel uncomfortable even when worn for a long time, and to generate noise due to external force. An object of the present invention is to provide a biomedical electrode free from the above problems.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The biological electrode of the present invention comprises:
An electrode element having a first surface on the subject mounting side and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a through hole formed through a material that does not substantially expand and contract, A non-stretchable member that holds the electrode element at the portion and forms a substantially flat surface on the second surface side together with the electrode element, and a core portion is fixed to a region excluding the second surface of the electrode element And a resilient base for supporting the non-stretchable member while accommodating a portion including at least the first surface of the electrode element in the opening, and an opening capable of accommodating the electrode element. A material, a mounting portion provided on the first surface side of the elastic base material, and at least a first surface of the electrode element, and forming a substantially flat surface with the mounting portion. A conductive material layer formed at the opening of the elastic member, The intermediate portion of the serial lead and a plate member secured to the non-stretchable member, said plate-like member
A mounting position display section that displays the mounting position on the subject on the surface
The it has.

[0010] In the present specification, the "second surface" is defined as
When the electrode of the present invention is mounted on a subject, it refers to a region that substantially forms the back surface of the electrode element, and does not include an internal region such as a groove formed in that region.

In the biomedical electrode according to the present invention, since the core portion of the lead wire is fixed in advance to a region excluding the back surface (second surface) of the electrode element, the back surface is substantially flattened. be able to. That is, since there is no protruding portion on the back surface of the electrode element, the subject does not feel uncomfortable even when the subject wears for a long time. Further, since the electrode element is supported by a non-stretchable member having substantially no elasticity, even when an external force is applied, the positional relationship between the subject surface and the electrode element surface can be maintained, and the external force is reduced. It is absorbed by the elastic substrate through the non-stretchable member. Therefore, the occurrence of noise can be prevented, and stable for a long time,
A weak signal such as an electrocardiogram can be obtained. Furthermore, if the mounting portion is formed of an adhesive layer, the mounting portion can be mounted on the subject simply by sticking, so that cumbersome operations such as connection of lead wires are not required, and the measuring operation can be performed quickly. Further
In addition, the biological electrode of the present invention, on the surface of the plate-shaped member,
Having a mounting position display section for displaying the mounting position on the subject
This makes it easy and quick to attach
It can be carried out.

Further, in the biomedical electrode according to the present invention, the electrode element is formed of a conductive resin, and the lead element of the lead wire is formed in a region other than the second surface so as to correspond to the through hole of the non-stretchable member. A groove for fixing the core portion is formed, and only the first surface is covered with a silver / silver chloride layer. The core portion of the lead wire fixed in the groove and the silver / silver chloride layer are formed of the conductive resin. It is configured to be electrically connected via a.

The electrode element is formed of a non-conductive resin, and a groove for fixing the core portion of the lead wire is formed on the second surface side so as to correspond to the through hole of the non-stretchable member. Only the first surface is covered with a silver / silver chloride layer, and the core portion of the lead wire fixed to the groove is electrically connected to the silver / silver chloride layer via a conductive member. Alternatively, this electrode element may be formed of a non-conductive resin, and a groove for fixing the core portion of the lead wire may be formed on the second surface side so as to correspond to the through hole of the non-stretchable member. It is formed and covered with a silver / silver chloride layer from the first surface to the groove so that the core portion of the lead wire fixed in the groove and the silver / silver chloride layer are directly electrically connected. You may comprise.

In the biomedical electrode of the present invention, the silver / silver chloride layer is formed only in a part of the electrode element. Thus, the amount of silver / silver chloride used can be saved. Also,
The handling of the electrode element after the silver / silver chloride layer is formed becomes easy, and the silver / silver chloride layer is not likely to be peeled off at the time of assembling the electrode component, whereby the occurrence of defective products can be prevented.

The biological electrode of the present invention further comprises a single connector connectable to a measuring instrument and integrally having a plurality of signal terminals, and further comprising a plurality of the electrode elements;
The other end of each of the plurality of lead wires connected to these electrode elements is configured to be fixed and electrically connected to the signal terminal.

With such a configuration, it is possible to eliminate the trouble of individually connecting a plurality of lead wires to the electrode element and the electrocardiograph, etc., to eliminate the possibility of erroneous wiring, and to perform the connection operation only once. Easy and reliable.

[0017]

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an embodiment of the present invention in which a living body electrode is used as an electrocardiogram recording electrode. The electrocardiogram recording electrode includes a plurality of electrode bodies 1 to 3, a plurality of lead wires 4 to 6 corresponding to the electrode bodies 1 to 3, and a single connector 7.

The electrode main bodies 1 to 3 are attached to each part of the living body according to a predetermined guiding method, and are configured to collect electrocardiogram signals. One end of each of the lead wires 4 to 6 is connected to each of the electrode main bodies 1 to 3.

FIGS. 3 to 5 show the electrode body 1 as an example for explaining the structure of each of the electrode bodies 1 to 3. FIG. The electrode body 1 includes an electrode element 10 for deriving a weak biological current from the skin surface of the living body, and the electrode element 1.
0 and the non-stretchable member 1
1, a conductive gel layer 13 as a conductive substance layer interposed between the electrode element 10 and the living body surface, and a flat member 1 covering the surface of the electrode element 10.
4 and a lead wire 4 whose core 4a is fixed to the electrode element 10, and both surfaces thereof are substantially flat.

On the upper surface side of the electrode element 10, several engaging portions 15 are provided in advance in a circumferential shape as shown in FIG.
The upper portions of the engaging portions 15 are each formed by bending horizontally toward the outside of the circumference to form a flat surface 16.
A groove 18 is formed between the engagement portions 15, and the core portion 14 a of the lead wire 14 is formed in the groove 18 from between the engagement portions 15.
Are inserted, fixed and electrically connected. That is, the lead wire 4 has a structure in which the core wire portion 4a is fixed not inside the surface of the electrode element 10 but inside.

The base of the electrode element 10 is formed of a conductive resin, for example, an ABS resin containing carbon powder.
Surface of the electrode element 10 on the living body side (the lower surface in the figure)
Is covered by a silver / silver chloride layer 19. The silver / silver chloride layer 19 stably guides a small current introduced from the living body surface through the conductive gel layer 13 to the base material (conductive resin) of the electrode element 10, and is formed by, for example, a sputtering method. You. The silver / silver chloride layer 19 may have a two-layer structure of a silver layer and a silver chloride layer, or may have a single-layer structure by mixing silver and silver chloride powders. May be mixed.

The non-stretchable member 11 is formed of a material which does not substantially expand or contract, for example, a resin such as polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl chloride, acrylic resin, polyacetal resin and the like. This non-stretchable member 1
A circular through hole 17 penetrating both sides is formed at the center of the through hole 1, and a plurality of notches 1 are formed in the peripheral portion of the through hole 17.
7a and a plurality of flanges 17 between these notches 17a.
b are formed respectively. The non-stretchable member 11 has its flange portion 17b engaged with the engaging portion 15 of the electrode element 10, thereby holding the electrode element 10. In addition, since the electrode element 10 and the non-stretchable member 11 having such a structure are each formed of a resin, they can be easily formed by molding.
And it can be molded in large quantities.

The resilient base material 12 includes at least the electrode element 10
An opening 12a larger than the electrode element 10 is formed in the center of the opening 12a. A non-stretchable member 11 is adhered to the upper surface of the elastic base material 12, and approximately half of the electrode element 10 has a silver / silver chloride layer 19 in its opening 12a.
It is housed with its side facing down. The elastic substrate 12 is formed of, for example, a foamed resin such as polyethylene foam, and a lower surface thereof is provided with a mounting portion 20 formed of a low biostimulable adhesive. Conductive gel layer 13
Is formed of, for example, a water-containing gel of a polyvinylpyrrolidone / isobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer, is filled in the opening 12a of the elastic base material 12, covers the silver / silver chloride layer 19 of the electrode element 10, and It forms a substantially flat surface with the adhesive layer 20.

The flat member 14 is formed of, for example, a nonwoven fabric in a flat shape, and is adhered and fixed on the non-stretchable member 11 and the elastic base material 12 so as to sandwich the intermediate portion 4b of the lead wire 4. . As shown in FIG. 1, an adhesion position display section 24 is formed on the upper surface of the flat plate member 14 by characters, figures, and the like.

In the electrocardiogram recording electrode of the present embodiment, the core portion 4a of the lead wire 4 is fixed to a groove 18 formed in advance on the upper surface of the electrode element 10, and the lead wire 4 is led out from this portion. . Therefore, there is no need to form a projection for connecting a lead wire as in the related art. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the flat surface 16 of the electrode element 10 and the intermediate portion 4b of the lead wire 4 are substantially the same, and the electrode surface can be substantially flattened. That is, since there is no protrusion on the surface of the electrode element 10, even if the subject wears this electrode for a long time, the subject does not feel uncomfortable. In addition, since the electrode element 10 is held by the non-stretchable member 11 having no elasticity, even when an external force is applied, the positional relationship between the surface of the living body and the surface of the electrode element 10 can be maintained. It is absorbed by the elastic substrate 12 supporting the non-stretchable member 11. Therefore, generation of noise can be prevented, and a biological signal such as an electrocardiogram can be obtained stably for a long time. Furthermore, the measurement can be performed quickly because the mounting on the subject only needs to be simply affixed by the mounting section 20, and the troublesome work of connecting the lead wires is not required.

In this electrocardiogram recording electrode, the portion where the silver / silver chloride layer 19 is formed is formed only on the lower surface of the electrode element 10, so that the amount of silver / silver chloride used can be reduced as compared with the conventional one. can do. The silver / silver chloride layer 19
In the electrode component assembling step after forming the
0 is easy to handle, and there is no possibility that the silver / silver chloride layer 19 is peeled off. Therefore, occurrence of defective products can be prevented.

Further, in the electrocardiogram recording electrode, since the mounting position display section 24 for displaying the mounting position on the living body is formed on the surface of the plate-like member 14, the operation of attaching to the living body can be performed easily and quickly. It can be carried out.

Next, a method of assembling the electrode body 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

First, with the non-stretchable member 11 held, the engaging portion 15 of the electrode element 10 is inserted into the notch 17a of the through hole 17 so as to face the same. 11 is slightly rotated. Thereby, the engaging portion 15 of the electrode element 10 and the flange 17b of the non-stretchable member 11 are engaged, and the non-stretchable member 11 is
0 is maintained. Next, the coating of the lead wire 4 is stripped to expose the core wire portion 4a, and the core wire portion 4a is passed through the through hole 17 of the non-stretchable member 11 to form the groove portion 18 of the electrode element 10.
Insert After inserting the core 4 a of the lead wire 4 into the groove 18, heat or ultrasonic waves are partially applied to the periphery of the groove 18, and the conductive resin is welded so as to hold the lead 4. As a result, the core 4a of the lead wire 4 is
0 and is electrically connected.

In this method, the groove 18 for fixing the lead wire is used.
Is formed on the upper surface of the electrode element 10 and is opened upward, so that the operation of inserting and fixing the lead wire 18 becomes easy,
It can be fixed securely. Moreover, the lead wire 4 can be fixed without impairing the flatness of the surface of the electrode element 10 as shown in FIG. Also, if heat or ultrasonic waves are applied to the flat portion 16 of the engagement portion 15,
This portion is also welded, so that the electrode element 10 is strongly held by the non-stretchable member 11.

After the basic parts of the electrode main body 1 are prepared in this way, the elastic base material 12 is fixed to the basic parts. That is, the upper surface of the elastic base material 12 is
The silver / silver chloride layer 19 of the electrode element 10 is bonded to the lower surface of the electrode element 1 so as to be exposed toward the opening 12a. Subsequently, the flat member 14 is adhered, and the flat member 14, the non-stretchable member 11, and the elastic base material 12 are fixed while holding the intermediate portion 4 b of the lead wire 4. Also, the elastic substrate 1
A liquid gel base material is filled into the opening of No. 2 and cured by heating to form a gel layer 13. The gel layer 13 may be formed by stamping and fitting a processed gel into the shape of the opening 12 a of the elastic base material 12.

The electrode main body 1 can be formed by the above steps. Subsequently, the connector 7 shown in FIG.
The configuration of the unit will be described.

The connector 7 has a plurality of signal output terminals 25 to 25 electrically connected to the other ends of the lead wires 4 to 6, respectively.
27, which can be connected to an electrocardiograph constituting a measuring instrument, and an electrocardiogram signal is transmitted to the electrocardiograph via the connector 7.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the connector 7 is a flat board 28 made of paper phenol resin, for example.
In which patterns of signal output terminal portions 25 to 27 are formed. The flat board 28 may be a glass epoxy board or a board having a reinforcing plate attached to the other surface of a flexible board made of a resin such as polyester or polyimide. Connections between the signal output terminals 25 to 27 and the lead wires 4 to 6 are covered with an insulating protective layer 29 formed of, for example, a heat-shrinkable film.

According to such a configuration, it is easy to mass-produce the connector 7, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the whole electrode can be made a disposable type. In addition, since there is no need to individually connect the plurality of lead wires 4 to 6 to the electrode main bodies 1 to 3 and the electrocardiograph, etc., there is no possibility of erroneous wiring, and only one connection operation is required. Connection work is easy and reliable.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a method of assembling the electrode body 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a semi-cylindrical projection 2 is formed on the upper surface of the electrode element 10.
1, 21b are formed facing each other. A groove 30 is formed on the surface of the electrode element 10 between the protrusion 21a and the protrusion 21b, and the core 4a of the lead wire 4 is fixed to the groove 30. The height of one protrusion 21b is lower than that of the other protrusion 21a.
1 is almost the same.

In this embodiment, the electrode element 10 is formed of a non-conductive resin, and the groove 30 is formed of the silver / silver chloride layer 1.
9 and the conductive member 22 via the conductive member 22. As the conductive member 22, for example, a stainless member is used, and is inserted and integrated so that the surface of the electrode element 10 and the groove 30 are connected at the time of injection molding of the electrode element base material or after molding.

On the other hand, a circular hole 23 through which the projections 21a and 21b of the electrode element 10 can be inserted is formed at the center of the non-stretchable member 11.

In this embodiment, first, the protrusion 2 of the electrode element 10 is formed.
After inserting 1 a through the through-hole 23 of the non-contact member 11 and protruding from the surface of the non-contact member 11, the core 4 a of the lead wire 4 is inserted into the groove 30. Subsequently, the projections 21a, 2
Heat or ultrasonic waves are applied to the periphery of 1b for welding. As a result, the protruding portion of the protrusion 21a is flattened as shown in FIG. 7, and the flattened portion sandwiches the non-contact member 11, and at the same time, closes the through hole 23 and the groove 30. Becomes

In this method, the core 4a of the lead wire 4 is fixed to the groove 30 of the electrode element 10, and the electrode element 10
Can be fixed to the non-stretchable member 11 by one operation, and the surface of the electrode element 10 can be flattened, so that the process can be simplified. The other configuration and operation and effect are the same as those of the embodiment of FIGS.

The present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified without changing the gist thereof. For example, in the above two embodiments, the electrical connection between the core wire portion 4a of the lead wire 4 inserted into the groove portions 18 and 30 and the silver / silver chloride layer 19 is performed via the conductive resin or the conductive member 22. However, as shown in FIG. 8, the silver / silver chloride layer 19 may be extended to the groove 18 so as to electrically connect the electrode element 10 and the core 4a of the lead wire 4.

Further, in the present invention, the engaging portion 15, the projection 2
Of course, the shapes of the grooves 1 and the grooves 18 and 30 may be other than those shown in FIGS. Further, in the above embodiment, the present invention has been described as a living body electrode for recording an electrocardiogram, but the present invention can be applied to other various living body electrodes used for a living body examination.

[0045]

As described above, according to the biomedical electrode of the first aspect, the core portion of the lead wire is fixed in advance to a region excluding the second surface of the electrode element. In addition, the surface of the entire electrode can be substantially flattened, so that the subject does not feel uncomfortable even when worn for a long time. In addition, since the electrode element is supported by a non-stretchable member having substantially no elasticity, the positional relationship between the surface of the subject and the surface of the electrode element can be maintained even when an external force is applied. Is absorbed by the elastic member supporting the non-stretchable member, so that noise can be prevented from being generated, and a biological signal such as an electrocardiogram can be obtained stably for a long time. Furthermore, if the mounting portion is formed of an adhesive layer, the mounting portion can be mounted on the subject simply by sticking, so that cumbersome operations such as connection of lead wires are not required, and the measuring operation can be performed quickly. Also,
Since the mounting position indicator is provided on the surface,
Can be easily and quickly performed.

According to the biomedical electrode of the present invention, since the silver / silver chloride layer is formed only in a part of the electrode element, the amount of silver / silver chloride used is small. Cost can be reduced. Further, the handling of the electrode element in the electrode component assembling step after the formation of the silver / silver chloride layer is facilitated, and there is no possibility that the silver / silver chloride layer is peeled off, thereby preventing the occurrence of defective products.

Further, according to the biomedical electrode according to the fifth aspect, the other ends of the plurality of lead wires are gathered and electrically connected so that they cannot be separated in advance into signal output terminal portions provided on a single connector. Connection eliminates the need to individually connect a plurality of lead wires to the electrode and the electrocardiograph, etc., eliminates the possibility of erroneous wiring, and requires only one connection operation. Be certain.

[0048]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating an overall configuration of an electrocardiogram recording electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an electrode body in the electrocardiogram recording electrode of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view for explaining an assembling process of the electrode main body of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a connection state between an electrode element and a lead wire in an assembling step of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a process of assembling an electrode body according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a connection state between an electrode element and a lead wire in an assembling step of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7.

9 is a plan view illustrating a configuration of a connector section in the electrocardiogram recording electrode of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a conventional biological electrode.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 11;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1-3 electrode body part 4-6 lead wire 7 connector 11 non-stretchable member 12 elastic base material 13 conductive material layer (conductive gel layer) 14 plate member 15 engaging part 17 through hole 17a cutout part 18 groove part 19 Silver / silver chloride layer 20 Mounting layer 21, 21b Projection 22 Conductive member 23 Through hole 30 Groove

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-290441 (JP, A) JP-A-53-73889 (JP, A) JP-A-2-71502 (JP, U) JP-A-2-72 114011 (JP, U) JP-A-59-114103 (JP, U) JP 2-16723 (JP, Y2) JP 3-21211 (JP, Y2) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61B 5/04-5/053

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. An electrode element having a first surface on a subject mounting side and a second surface opposed to the first surface, and a through hole formed on a substantially non-expandable material and penetrating both surfaces. A non-stretchable member that holds the electrode element in the through hole and forms a substantially flat surface on the second surface side together with the electrode element; and a core portion is a second surface of the electrode element. A lead wire fixed in a region excluding the above, and an opening capable of accommodating the electrode element, accommodating a portion including at least the first surface of the electrode element in the opening, and the non-stretchable member A resilient base material for supporting the resilient base material, a mounting portion provided on the first surface side of the resilient base material, and at least a first surface of the electrode element, and a substantially flat surface with the mounting portion. Formed in the opening of the elastic member so as to form Comprising a conductive material layer, and a flat plate-like member for fixing the intermediate portion of the lead wire to the surface of the non-stretchable member, the surface of the plate-like member, to display the attachment position of the object
A living body electrode having a mounting position display section . 2. The electrode element is formed of a conductive resin, and a groove for fixing a core portion of the lead wire is formed in a region excluding a second surface so as to correspond to a through hole of the non-stretchable member. In addition, only the first surface is covered with the silver / silver chloride layer, and the core of the lead wire fixed to the groove and the silver / silver chloride layer are electrically connected via the conductive resin. The biomedical electrode according to claim 1, which is formed. 3. The electrode element is formed of a non-conductive resin, and has a groove for fixing a core portion of the lead wire corresponding to a through hole of the non-stretchable member on a second surface side. In addition, only the first surface is covered with a silver / silver chloride layer, and the core portion of the lead wire fixed to the groove and the silver / silver chloride
The living body electrode according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is electrically connected to the silver chloride layer via a conductive member. 4. The electrode element is formed of a non-conductive resin, and a groove for fixing a core portion of the lead wire is formed on a second surface side so as to correspond to a through hole of the non-stretchable member. And a silver / silver chloride layer covered from the first surface to the groove by a silver / silver chloride layer, and the core of the lead wire fixed to the groove is directly electrically connected to the silver / silver chloride layer. 2. The biological electrode according to 1. 5. A semiconductor device further comprising a single connector connectable to a measuring instrument and integrally having a plurality of signal terminals, a plurality of electrode elements, and a plurality of lead wires connected to these electrode elements. The living body electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the other end is fixed to the signal terminal and is electrically connected.