JP3047817B2 - Method of placing concrete so that it can be separated - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of placing concrete in which different types of concrete can be poured into columns and beams and slabs when building a building. Things.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, for buildings requiring large frame strength, such as high-rise reinforced concrete condominiums, Fc = 600Kg / c
has come to high strength concrete is used as m ^2. Incidentally, in the conventional Fc from Fc = 360Kg / cm ² = 420
Up to Kg / cm ² . This high-strength concrete is necessary only for columns that require particularly high strength in a building, and at best, only for columns and girder beams, not for slabs. By the way, the strength required for the slab is Fc = 240
It is about Kg / cm ² . In addition, this high-strength concrete
It is very expensive and has the disadvantage of high viscosity and poor workability.

[0003] From these facts, as described above, in a building requiring a large skeleton strength, high-strength concrete is poured into columns and beams, and ordinary concrete is poured into slabs. Separating different types of concrete is an ideal casting method.

[0004] However, it is very difficult to separate and lay out different types of concrete, and a method for laying out concrete has not been established. Without doing much of the splitting,
Only high-strength concrete was cast throughout the building. Therefore, when constructing a building that requires large frame strength, it is caused by the above-mentioned disadvantage of high-strength concrete,
The construction cost becomes expensive and the construction efficiency becomes poor.

[0005] Therefore, conventionally, high-strength concrete is poured into portions requiring particularly high strength such as columns and beams, and ordinary concrete is poured into portions such as slabs. There is an extremely high need to employ a casting method that separates pieces, and it has been desired to establish a casting method that can easily and reliably separate pieces.

[0006] In the past, no clear casting method has been established for punching different types of concrete into columns and beams, and slabs. It was conceived to be able to deal with the bats. The striking formwork is used for a slightly different purpose, and is used to partition the outflow of concrete at the vertical joints of walls, beams and slabs caused by the division of construction blocks.

[0007] Figs. 13 to 15 show specific examples using the perforated formwork. Here, FIG. 13 is a method which is often seen, and is a method using a bulky plate 40 for partitioning and a pier 41 for holding. FIG. 14 shows a method used at the time of wall construction, but is also applicable to a slab, and is a method using an expanded metal 42 or a lath net for partition and a pier 41 for holding. FIG. 15 shows a method using a foam rubber 43 for partitioning and a tightening ruler 44 for holding.

[0008]

The biggest problem in using the above-mentioned conventional perforated formwork for the purpose of punching concrete is that each member for partitioning (before the perforated concrete is hit) is used. It is how to quickly and easily remove the bulkhead (rubber plate and rubber foam) and each member (pier) for holding. The expanded metal and the lath net in FIG. 14 do not need to be removed.

[0009] This is not a serious problem in the case of a hitting formwork used for the original purpose such that the post-casting concrete will be on the next day or later. However, in the case of concrete splitting work such as columns, beams and slabs, where post-cast concrete must be continuously cast within the day, a very serious problem arises. In particular, in the case of this concrete splitting, since the slab reinforcement on the rear striking side is completed, the lower holding member (pier) is particularly used.
The operation of removing the partition member (foam rubber or the like) becomes troublesome. And this will hinder the concrete splitting work of continuously placing the post-cast concrete within the day.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has an object of pre-cast concrete (high-strength concrete) for columns and beams, and post-cast concrete (normal concrete) for slabs. In addition to being able to easily and reliably perform the punching, the work of removing the punching members (conventional partitioning members and holding members) installed for concrete punching can be performed easily and in a short time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for placing concrete in which concrete can be poured quickly into cast-in-place concrete.

[0011]

According to the present invention, first, a plurality of rows of reinforcing trusses protrude from the upper surface, and a half PC slab constituting a lower portion of the slab and a slab upper reinforcing bar are bridged over the upper end of each reinforcing truss. After arranging, half PC
The slab is constituted by a composite floorboard made of slab concrete cast on the upper surface of the floor slab.

Further, in order to separate the precast concrete cast into the column and the beam and the postcast concrete cast into the slab, the space between the upper surface of the half PC floor slab and the lower end of the upper slab upper bar is separated. It is constructed so that it can be closed with a lath net, and it is embedded in slab concrete without being removed, and by placing it on the upper part of this lower parting form, the upper end of the slab A punching formwork consisting of an upper punching formwork removed before placing the postcast concrete for the slab is constructed so as to be able to close the space between the lower end of the streak and the top of the slab concrete. And the boundary between the beam and the slab (striking position)
Is installed on the upper surface of the half PC floor slab. Sa
In addition, the lower punching formwork in the punching formwork is
Extend in the beam extension direction at the beam side end of the half PC floor slab
Slab at the top of the upper chord
Reinforcing bar truss configured to support the bars
To the beam side of this reinforced truss truss.
Close the space between the upper surface of the PC floor slab and the lower end of the upper slab muscle.
And the lath net used for concrete
Constitute. Also, the upper punching formwork in the punching formwork
Is a pier that extends in the direction in which the beams extend,
It is made of cushion material attached to the bottom
Cushion material compresses when installed on top of punching formwork
And the reinforced steel truss
So that it can be in close contact with the upper surface of the upper chord at
And

[0013] Then, pre-cast concrete is poured to the top of the slab concrete at the column and the beam, and the pre-cast concrete is stopped at the boundary between the column and the beam and the slab by the punching formwork. After hardening, remove the upper parting formwork and place the post-cast concrete on the upper surface of the half-PC slab to the top of the slab concrete to separate the column and beam parts and the slab part respectively. We can make different types of concrete.

According to the concrete casting method of the present invention, concrete can be separated by a simple operation of installing a separate formwork on the upper surface of the half-PC floor slab. It is not necessary to use unnecessary high-strength concrete. Therefore, a large cost reduction effect of material costs can be expected. Further, even if high-strength concrete is used for columns and beams, ordinary concrete can be used for placing concrete on the slab. For this reason, since the ordinary concrete has a better workability than the high-strength concrete, the effect of labor saving and cost reduction of the construction cost is added. Furthermore, in the punching formwork
The crossing of the upper and lower
Between the upper slab of the slab and the upper chord of the truss truss
Intersections can be reliably closed. Because of that,
To prevent concrete leakage during casting
it can.

[0015]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a concrete casting method according to the present invention.

The concrete casting method according to the present invention (see FIG. 1) is a method for constructing a building (not shown) in which each of the pillar 1 and the beam 2 and the slab 3 are separated from each other. In which concrete can be poured, that is, the concrete can be separated.

In the casting method according to the present invention, first, a plurality of rows of reinforcing trusses 4 protrude from the upper surface, and a half PC floor slab 5 (see FIG. 6) constituting the lower part of the slab and the upper end (upper chord) of each reinforcing truss 4. After the upper slab 7 of the slab is bridged over the material 6), the composite slab composed of the slab concrete 8 (see FIG. 5) cast on the upper surface of the half PC slab 5
The slab 3 is configured.

Further, in order to separate the precast concrete 9 to be cast into the column 1 and the beam 2 and the post-cast concrete 10 to be cast into the slab 3, the upper end of the slab from the upper surface of the half PC floor slab 5. The lower punching formwork is constructed so that the space up to the lower end of 7 can be closed by the lath net 11, and is embedded in the slab concrete without being removed.
12 and by placing it on the upper part of this lower punching formwork 12,
It is constructed so as to be able to close the space between the lower end of the upper slab upper end bar 7 and the top end of the slab concrete, and is separated from the upper punching formwork 13 which is removed before placing the post-cast concrete 10 for the slab. In addition to forming the frame 14, the punching formwork 14 is installed on the upper surface of the half PC floor slab 5, which is the boundary portion (the punching position) between the column 1 and the beam 2 and the slab 3.

Then, pre-cast concrete 9 is poured to the top of the slab concrete at the column 1 and the beam 2 at the boundary between the column 1 and the beam 2 and the slab 3 by the punching formwork 14. After the hardened pre-cast concrete 9 is hardened, the upper parting formwork 13 is removed, and the post-cast concrete 10 is cast on the upper surface of the half-PC floor slab 5 to the top of the slab concrete, whereby the column 1
Also, different types of concrete can be punched into the beam 2 and the slab 3 respectively.

The column 1 and the beam 2 may be either half-PC or cast-in-place, but in this embodiment, the beam will be described as cast-in-place. Further, in this embodiment, a state in which the beam 2 and the slab 3 are separated from each other will be described.

The lower punching formwork 12 (see FIG. 7) of the punching formwork 14 in this embodiment extends in the beam 2 extension direction at the beam 2 side end of the upper surface of the half PC floor slab 5 in the slab 3. A reinforced truss 15 for punching, which is provided in a state and can support the upper slab reinforcement 7 at the upper end of the upper chord material 15a (see FIG. 3), and one side ( On the beam 2 side), from the upper surface of the half PC floor slab 5 to the lower end of the upper slab reinforcement 7 (the upper chord material of the reinforcing truss 15 for splitting)
Up to 15a), a lath net 11 is attached for concrete driving.

As shown in FIG. 8, the reinforcing bar truss 15 used in the lower punching formwork 12 uses the same reinforcing bar truss as the reinforcing bar truss 4 used for the half-PC floorboard 5. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, one side (the side of the beam 2) of the reinforcing bar truss (upper chord material 15a and lower chord material 15a).
The lath net 11 is spot-welded to the b and the diagonal members 15c), and the lath net 11 plays a role in stopping concrete. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper part of the lath net 11 does not become higher than the upper chord material 15a.
The lower part is made several centimeters longer than the lower end of the lower chord material 15b, and is adapted to the half PC floor slab 5. The half PC floor slab 5 and lower chord material 15
This is to prevent concrete from leaking from the gap with b.

As described above, since the lower punching formwork 12 in the illustrated embodiment is entirely made of iron and has a sufficient cover thickness of concrete, it is driven into the slab 3. There is no problem on the performance of the slab 3.
The lower punching formwork 12 is an example which can be most easily formed by using a material currently on the market. Here, the height of the upper chord material 15a in the perforated reinforcing bar truss 15 is a height serving as a spacer for the upper slab reinforcement 7. Further, as another form of the reinforcing bar truss 15 for punching, as shown in FIG. 9, a tie bar 16 may be used in place of the diagonal member of the reinforcing bar truss 4. That is, as the lower punching formwork 12, a lath net 11 for functionally stopping the concrete can be fixed by spot welding or the like, and the pressure of the concrete applied to the lath net 11 can be received in a stable state, and the upper die What is necessary is just to have the upper chord material 15a for stacking the divided formwork 13.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, an upper punching formwork 13 of the punching formwork 14 in this embodiment includes a crosspiece 17 extending in the direction in which the beam 2 extends, and a crosspiece 17 of this crosspiece 17. As shown in FIG. 4, when the cushioning member 18 is attached to the upper portion of the lower punching formwork 12, the cushioning member 18 is attached to the peripheral surface of the upper slab 7 and punching out. It is configured so that it can be in close contact with the upper surface of the upper chord material 15a of the reinforcing steel truss 15. The cushion material 18 attached to the lower surface of the crosspiece 17 here is formed of a very soft sponge-like, for example, polyethylene foam having a high foaming property. In addition, the height H of this pier 17
10 (see FIG. 10) is equal to or greater than the cover thickness L (see FIG. 4) of the upper slab 7 and the thickness D of the cushion material 18 (see FIG. 10).
) Is about twice the diameter of the upper slab muscle 7. As shown in FIG. 12, the thickness D of the cushion
Even if it is compressed to some extent between the chord member 17 and the upper chord material 15a of the reinforcing steel truss 15, the thickness is such that the concrete does not leak from the slab upper end bar 7.

When the lower punching formwork 12 and the upper punching formwork 13 are used as the punching formwork 14 as described above, the cushion member 18 can be brought into close contact with the upper surface of the upper chord material 15a in the punching reinforcing truss 15. Thereby, together with the crosspiece 17 and the lath net 11, the column 1 and the beam 2 and the slab 3 can be reliably partitioned. In addition, rebar truss 15 and lath net 11
In addition, the punching formwork 14 can be formed by using relatively inexpensive materials such as the crosspiece 17 and the cushion material 18.

Using the casting method of the present invention having such a configuration, concrete is poured into the column 1 and the beam 2 and the slab 3 as follows.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, after the half-PC floor slab 5 is installed on the beam formwork 19, prior to the arrangement of the upper slab 7 of the slab, the half-PC floor, which is the boundary position between the beam 2 and the slab 3, is provided. On the upper surface of the end of the plate 5, a lower punching formwork 12 is installed. The lower punching formwork 12 is installed (not shown) by arranging a plurality of punching reinforcing trusses 15 having a length of several meters in the width direction of the slab 3 (longitudinal direction of the beam 2). And in parallel so that there is no gap in the adjacent lath net 11,
Adjacent lath net 11 or rebars (upper chord if necessary)
15a and the lower chord material 15b and the diagonal material 15c) are bound. Then, as shown in FIG.
Is also used as a spacer, and the upper slab upper muscle 7 is arranged, and the upper chord material of the slab upper muscle 7 and the lower punching formwork 12 are arranged.
Unite with 15a.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 1, an upper punching mold 13 is placed on the lower punching mold 12 with the cushion material 18 facing down. However, since the upper punching slab 7 is perpendicular to the lower punching mold 12, the weight of the upper punching rim 13 is supported by the upper slab reinforcing bar 7. Also, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 12, the cushion material 18 is greatly compressed by the upper end muscle 7 of the slab due to the weight of the crosspiece 17, and the upper chord material 15a of the reinforcing steel truss 15 for punching is used.
Then it is compressed a little. Then, the upper punching formwork 13 and the upper slab upper end liner 7 are bound together by a binding wire 20, as shown in FIG. After that, the same is performed for the column 1.
Since the level of the upper slab 7 is different around the beam 2 in a direction orthogonal to the beam 2 described above, the lower punching form 12
And the height H of the pier 17 of the upper blanking formwork 13 differ. That is, two types are required.

Next, as shown in FIG.
The high-strength concrete is poured into the above-mentioned portion, and when the pre-cast concrete 9 has hardened to some extent (the columns 1 and the beams 2 have been formed), the upper-parting formwork 13 and the slab upper-end reinforcement 7 are bound. Cut the binding wire 20 and form the upper part
Remove 13 (see Fig. 5). Then, as shown in FIG.
A slab 3 is formed by placing a post-cast concrete 10 (slab concrete 8) on the upper surface of the half PC floor slab 5. Then, by such a very simple operation of removing the upper punching formwork 13, it is possible to start placing of post-cast concrete, that is, ordinary concrete for slabs. That is, the short and simple detaching of the top casting divided mold 13 in installation work and punch divided formwork 14 simple punch divided formwork 14, post-deposited concrete 10 (usually concrete) ahead hit concrete 9 ( High-strength concrete) can be continuously cast after casting.

According to the concrete casting method of the present invention, different types of concrete are respectively cast on the column 1 and the beam 2 and the slab 3 by using the split formwork 14. Can be set up. Moreover, using a relatively inexpensive material, a punching formwork 14 comprising a lower punching formwork 12 and an upper punching formwork 13 can be manufactured. The concrete can be separated by the simple task of removal. For this reason, it is not necessary to waste expensive high-strength concrete on the slab 3, and a large cost reduction in material costs can be expected. Moreover , since concrete can be cast as the concrete of the slab 3, the workability is improved as compared with high-strength concrete, and the effect of labor saving and cost reduction of construction cost is added. . Furthermore, the upper batting in the batting formwork 14
The slab 3 that intersects with the cushioning material 18 of the
Upper chord material 15a of truss 15 for slab and truss 15 for punching
Can be securely closed at the intersection with
Can reliably prevent the concrete from leaking.
You.

[0031]

According to the present invention, the punching formwork is installed on the upper surface of the half PC floor slab, and the upper punching formwork is removed. Since it is possible to separate different types of concrete, it is not necessary to cast expensive high-strength concrete even on the slab. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate waste such as casting high-strength concrete necessary only for a portion to which a large stress is applied to all portions, and to expect a large cost reduction effect on material costs.

Further, according to the present invention, the concrete can be cast in the slab, even if high-strength concrete is used for the columns and beams, by being punched by the punching formwork. Therefore, the workability of the ordinary concrete is higher than that of the high-strength concrete, so that the effects of labor saving and reduction of construction cost are also added. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the punching formwork
By the cushioning material of the top punching formwork in
Upper slab and upper chord of truss truss
The intersection with the material can be reliably closed. for that reason,
Prevents concrete concrete leakage during casting
be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a method for placing concrete according to the present invention so that it can be separated.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a concrete separating process performed using the casting method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a concrete separating process performed using the casting method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a concrete separating process performed using the casting method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a concrete separating process performed using the casting method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a half PC floor slab used in the casting method of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic enlarged view showing a lower punching formwork of the punching formwork used in the casting method of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a rebar truss for punching in the lower punching formwork of the punching formwork used in the casting method of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another form of the reinforcing truss for punching in the lower punching formwork of the punching formwork used in the casting method of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic enlarged view showing a state where an upper punching formwork of the punching formwork used in the casting method of the present invention is set on a lower punching formwork.

FIG. 11 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which an upper punching formwork of the punching formwork used in the casting method of the present invention is pressed onto a lower punching formwork.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional punching formwork.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a conventional punching formwork.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a conventional punching formwork.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... pillar, 2 ... beam, 3 ... slab, 4 ... steel truss, 5 ... half PC floor slab, 6 ... upper chord material, 7 ... upper slab reinforcement, 8 ... slab concrete, 9 ... pre-cast concrete, 10 ... post-cast Concrete, 11 ... lath net, 12 ... lower formwork, 13
... upper punching formwork, 14 ... punching formwork, 15 ... punching rebar truss, 15a ... upper chord material, 15b ... lower chord material, 15c ... diagonal material, 16
... tie bars, 17 ... piers, 18 ... cushioning materials, 19 ... beam forms, 20 ... binding wires.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of placing concrete in which different types of concrete can be poured into each of a column and a beam and a slab during construction of a building. In the upper surface of the half-PC floor slab, a plurality of rows of reinforced trusses protrude from the upper surface, and after arranging a half-PC slab constituting the lower part of the slab and the upper-end slab over the upper end of each of the reinforced trusses. A composite floorboard made of slab concrete to be cast, and a pre-cast concrete to be cast into the column and the beam and a post-cast concrete to be cast into the slab
To partition the said slab concrete is, the are from the top surface of the half PC slab is constructed to be able to close the until the lower end of the slab upper muscles lath, the slab without removing A lower parting form that is embedded in concrete and a structure that can be closed from the lower end of the upper slab top to the top of the slab concrete by placing it on top of this lower parting form. are half PC floor top casting divided mold consisting of a punch divided mold to remove the striking設前the post-deposited concrete for the slabs, a droplet split position location of a boundary portion between the pillars and beams and slabs It is to be installed on the upper surface of the plate, and further, the lower punching formwork in the punching formwork is
At the beam side end of the half PC floor slab in the slab
The upper chord material is provided so as to extend in the beam extending direction.
The upper end of the slab is configured to support the upper muscle
Punching reinforcing truss and the punching reinforcing truss
From the upper surface of the half PC floor slab
Cover the space between the upper slab upper muscle and the lower
And the upper punching formwork in the punching formwork is an extension of the beam.
A pier that extends in the direction of installation, and
The cushioning material is made of
When mounted on top of the formwork, the cushioning material compresses
A peripheral surface of the upper end bar of the slab and the reinforcing bar for punching;
The truss should be configured so that it can be in close contact with the upper surface of the upper chord.
The pre-cast concrete is poured into the slab concrete top level at the column and beam portions, and is stopped at the boundary between the column and beam and the slab by the punching formwork. After the hardening of the precast concrete, the upper punching formwork is removed, and the postcast concrete is cast on the upper surface of the half PC floor slab to the top of the slab concrete, so that the column and beam portions and the slab portion are formed. A method of placing concrete in which different types of concrete can be driven into the respective parts.