JP3031229B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a matrix type liquid crystal display device for obtaining colored light by a birefringence effect.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a liquid crystal display device for displaying a color image,
ECB (Electri) that obtains colored light by birefringence effect
cally Controlled Birefrin
gence: electrolytic effect birefringence mode).

A liquid crystal display device of the ECB system can display a plurality of colors in the same cell without using a color filter, as compared with a color filter system in which one pixel is divided into R, G, and B into three colors. Therefore, it has features of high light use efficiency and bright display. Therefore, the ECB type liquid crystal display device is promising not only as a transmission type liquid crystal display device but also as a reflection type liquid crystal display device.

As an ECB color liquid crystal display device,
For example, there is one described in JP-A-6-175125.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a simple matrix type ECB liquid crystal display device.

A pair of transparent substrates 2 sandwiching a liquid crystal layer 207
Polarizing plates 201a, 201b,
01b and retardation plates 202a and 202b are provided.
A common electrode 205a is provided on the facing inner surface of one transparent substrate,
205b, 205c, 205d, 205e are provided,
A segment electrode 204 is provided on the opposite inner surface of the other transparent substrate 203a. Alignment films 206a and 206b are formed on the electrode formation surfaces of both substrates, respectively, to control the alignment direction and tilt angle of liquid crystal molecules.

When the liquid crystal molecules are twisted, the transmission axis of the light incident side of the pair of polarizing plates disposed on the front side and the back side of the liquid crystal cell is set to the position on the incident side substrate. They are arranged so as to be shifted by a predetermined angle φ with respect to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

In such a configuration, light that has passed through the incident-side polarizing plate and entered the liquid crystal layer generally becomes elliptically polarized light having a different polarization state at each wavelength due to the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal layer. Is colored in a color corresponding to the wavelength of the light passing therethrough. At this time, the phase difference plate has a function of adjusting the polarization state of the passing light, and plays a role of adjusting the chromaticity and brightness of the passing light.

The orientation of the liquid crystal molecules changes according to the magnitude of the voltage applied between the electrodes of the two substrates of the liquid crystal cell, whereby the retardation of the liquid crystal layer changes. Therefore, by controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell, the polarization state of light passing through the liquid crystal layer can be changed, and the color of light passing through the exit-side polarizing plate can be changed.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a change in chromaticity with respect to a change in applied voltage in such an ECB type liquid crystal display device on a CIE chromaticity diagram.

As shown in FIG. 3, a liquid crystal cell colored white or black when no voltage is applied is changed to white (black) by a change in voltage.
→ red → blue → green and the display color changes.

[0012] As an ECB type liquid crystal display device,
In addition to the liquid crystal molecules in which the liquid crystal molecules are twisted, a liquid crystal cell in which any one of a homogeneous alignment, a splay alignment, a hybrid alignment, a homeotropic alignment and the like can be used. The display principle is basically the same as that in the case of the twist orientation described above.

[0013]

However, the conventional ECB
As described above, since the display color is basically changed by the voltage in the liquid crystal display device of the system, the change in hue and the change in brightness are not independent, and it is very difficult to display a gradation. further,
A complicated drive circuit is also required for the basic gradation display of several levels, which leads to an increase in power consumption and an increase in cost.
For this reason, there is a problem that it is difficult to realize an inexpensive display with full color display, low power consumption, and the trend of the times.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device which is capable of displaying a gradation with a relatively simple structure and which is bright and which is particularly suitable for a reflection type display device. I do.

[0015]

In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides a matrix type ECB comprising a large number of pixels.
In a liquid crystal display device of the system, one pixel is divided into a plurality of unit cells whose luminance is monotonously changed by a voltage between white or black and a reference color while maintaining substantially the same hue.

Thus, E without using a color filter can be obtained.
A liquid crystal display device having excellent gradation display performance in which hue and brightness can be controlled independently while maintaining the features of the CB mode liquid crystal display device can be obtained.

[0017]

This onset Akira [embodiment] includes at least a polarizing plate,
A liquid crystal layer having a phase difference plate or a phase difference film, and a liquid crystal layer; a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between opposed inner surfaces of a first substrate and a second substrate having electrodes; In the matrix type liquid crystal display device, the angle formed by the transmission axis of the polarizing plate with respect to a predetermined reference axis xb is θp,
The retardation of the retardation film is Rr, the angle formed by the slow axis of the retardation film with respect to a predetermined reference axis xb is θr, the retardation of the liquid crystal layer is Rl, and the first substrate side with respect to the predetermined reference axis xb. The angle between the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is φ11, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the first substrate surface is θ11, the angle between the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules on the second substrate side with respect to a predetermined reference axis xb is φ12, and the second angle is φ2. Assuming that the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the substrate surface is θ12, the pixel is (θp, Rr, θr, Rl, φ11, θ11,
φ12 and θ12) are composed of a plurality of unit cells having different combinations .

As a result, it is possible to arbitrarily select the hue and lightness to be displayed by one pixel as compared with the conventional ECB type liquid crystal display device in which the above optical parameters are one kind of combination in the entire liquid crystal cell. It has the action of:

Further, each unit cell, (1) white or black,
(Θp, Rr, θr) so that it is possible to display (2) the reference color and (3) a plurality of halftones having the same hue as the reference color between white or black and the reference color. ,
Rl, φ11, θ11, φ12, θ12) are selected .

Thus, each unit cell can display white or black, a reference color, and an intermediate color while maintaining substantially the same hue, and have a simple gradation display performance similar to the conventional color filter system. It has the action of:

Further, of the light passing through the liquid crystal layer, reference color polarization state being modulated by the liquid crystal layer, the light other than the reference color as the polarization state does not receive a modulation (theta] p, Rr, [theta] r, R
1, φ11, θ11, φ12, θ12) are selected .

Thus, each unit cell has the effect that it is possible to perform gradation display with the same hue as compared with the case of the second aspect.

Further, one pixel is composed of three unit cells, the reference color to be displayed in each unit cell is red, green, and blue.

This has the effect of enabling full-color display. In addition, a retardation film is provided in the facing inner surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate .

This has the effect of increasing the number of options for implementing the present invention. In addition to the retardation film , a retardation plate is provided on at least one of opposing outer surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate .

This has the effect of expanding the selection range of display colors and the saturation of display colors.

Further, the reflecting plate is disposed on at least one of the opposing outer surface of the first substrate and the second substrate.

This has the effect of realizing a reflection type liquid crystal display device based on the concept of the present invention.

Moreover, lambda / 4 plate is disposed between the substrate of the reflector is arranged side as the reflecting plate.

Thus, when the idea of the present invention is applied to a reflection type liquid crystal display device, the combination with the reference color can be made black, and the reflection type liquid crystal display device having excellent contrast can be realized. .

Further, the first substrate and at least one of the electrodes on the substrate of the second substrate is a reflective electrode.

This has the effect that a reflective liquid crystal display device with small parallax based on the concept of the present invention can be realized.

Further, lambda / 4 film is disposed between the reflective electrode and the liquid crystal layer.

Thus, the reflection type liquid crystal display device having a small parallax based on the concept of the present invention, and having a black combination with the reference color, can realize a reflection type liquid crystal display device excellent in contrast.

Further, the non-linear element is arranged to correspond to each unit cell in the first substrate and at least one of the substrates of the second substrate, the liquid crystal layer is driven by the nonlinear device.

Thus, the liquid crystal can be driven quasi-statically, and based on the concept of the present invention, a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle and excellent contrast can be realized.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 shows a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 illustrates a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device based on the concept of the present invention.

A pair of transparent substrates 1 sandwiching the liquid crystal layer 107
The polarizing plates 101a, 101b,
01b and the phase difference plates 102a and 102b.
A common electrode 105a is provided on the facing inner surface of one transparent substrate,
105b, 105c, 105d, 105e are provided,
A segment electrode 104 is provided on the opposite inner surface of the other transparent substrate 103a. Alignment films 106a and 106b are formed on the electrode formation surfaces of both substrates, respectively, to control the alignment direction and tilt angle of liquid crystal molecules.

One pixel 110 has unit cells 109a and 109
b, 109c, and each unit cell is provided with a retardation film 108a, 108b, 108c, 108d, 108e.

Here, the angle formed by the transmission axis of the polarizing plate with respect to a predetermined reference axis xb is θp, the retardation of the phase difference film is Rr, and the angle formed by the slow axis of the phase difference film with respect to the predetermined reference axis xb. Is θr, the retardation of the liquid crystal layer is Rl, the angle between the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules on the first substrate side with respect to a predetermined reference axis xb is φ11, and the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the first substrate surface is θ11, When the angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules on the second substrate side with respect to the reference axis xb is φ12 and the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the second substrate surface is θ12, one pixel is represented by (θp, Rr,
θr, Rl, φl1, θl1, φl2, θl2) are composed of different unit cells.

As a result, it is possible to arbitrarily select the hue and brightness to be displayed by one pixel as compared with the conventional ECB type liquid crystal display device in which the above optical parameters are one kind of combination in the entire liquid crystal cell. It has the action of:
This is the basic concept of the present invention.

The display principle is the same as that of the above-mentioned conventional ECB type liquid crystal display device. At this time, each unit cell is (1) white or black, and (2) a reference color, and
(3) A plurality of halftones having substantially the same hue as the reference color can be displayed between white or black and the reference color (θp, Rr, θr, R1, φ11, θ11, φ12,.
If the combination of θl2) is selected, each unit cell can display white or black, a reference color, and intermediate colors while maintaining substantially the same hue, and a simple gradation display similar to the conventional color filter method can be performed. Can have performance.

FIG. 4 is a chromaticity diagram showing the chromaticity change with respect to the voltage in each unit cell when the reference colors are selected as red, green and blue. As can be seen from FIG. 4, each unit cell has substantially the same hue and changes from white or black to each reference color. At this time, generally, the brightness (Y value) also changes monotonically. Therefore, when choosing such parameters,
If one pixel of the matrix is constituted by each unit cell, full-color display becomes possible.

In order to realize the above concept more efficiently, of the light passing through the liquid crystal layer, the polarization state of the reference color is modulated by the liquid crystal layer, and the polarization state of light other than the reference color is modulated. (Θp, Rr, θr, Rl, φl
1, θl1, φl2, θl2) may be selected.

This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a change in the polarization state of a unit cell whose reference color is green in the ECB type liquid crystal display device of the present invention on a Poincare sphere as viewed from an infinity point in the north pole direction.

FIG. 5 shows the polarization state of light before entering the liquid crystal layer.
By setting the parameters as described above, the polarization state of the red light changes to the position A, the green light changes to the position on the meridian BD, and the blue light changes to the position C. Let it. This can be realized by using, for example, a twisted phase difference plate as the phase difference plate that passes before entering the liquid crystal layer. At this time, for example, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is φ11
= Φ12 or φ11−φ12 = π, and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is matched with AC in FIG.
The red and blue lights maintain their polarization state without being modulated in the liquid crystal layer. On the other hand, green light can be modulated with maximum efficiency, and higher contrast and superior gradation display performance can be realized.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 6 shows an example of a reflective liquid crystal display device of the ECB system of the present invention.

In FIG. 6, the reflection plate 611 is
07 are disposed on the opposing outer surfaces of the pair of transparent substrates 603a and 603b.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 7 shows an example of a specific structure of a reflective liquid crystal display device of the ECB system of the present invention when the combination with a reference color is black. In order to produce black in the reflection type, a λ / 4 plate 712 is provided between the polarizing plates 701b and 702b on the side where the reflection plate 711 is provided.

Thus, a reflection type liquid crystal display device having excellent contrast can be realized.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 8 shows another example of a reflective liquid crystal display device of the ECB system of the present invention.

Instead of the reflection plate, a reflection electrode is used for the liquid crystal layer 80.
7 are disposed on the opposing inner surfaces of a pair of transparent substrates 803a and 803b sandwiching the same.

As a result, it is possible to realize a reflection type liquid crystal display device having a small parallax. (Embodiment 5) FIG. 9 shows another example of the concrete structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device of the ECB system of the present invention when the combination with the reference color is black. The liquid crystal layer 907 and the reflective electrodes 905a, 905b, 905c, 905d, and 90 are formed on the inner surfaces of the pair of transparent substrates 903a and 903b that sandwich the liquid crystal layer 907 in order to emit black light in the reflective type with a built-in reflective electrode.
A λ / 4 film 912 is provided between the λ / 4 film 912 and the reference numeral 5e.

As a result, it is possible to realize a reflection type liquid crystal display device having small parallax and excellent contrast.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 10 shows an example of an active matrix type liquid crystal display device based on the concept of the present invention.

In FIG. 10, a thin film transistor which is a non-linear element for driving a liquid crystal layer has a gate electrode 1018a,
1018b, 1018c, gate insulating layer 1017a, 1
017b, 1017c, semiconductor layers 1016a, 1016
b, 1016c, protective films 1015a, 1015b, 10
15c, source electrodes 1014a, 1014b, 1014
c, drain electrodes 1013a, 1013b, 1013c
Consists of The drain electrode is electrically connected to electrodes 1005a, 1005b, and 1005c serving as liquid crystal driving electrodes.

As a result, the liquid crystal can be driven quasi-statically, and based on the concept of the present invention, a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle and excellent contrast can be realized.

Here, the case of a thin film transistor has been described as the nonlinear element, but it goes without saying that other nonlinear elements such as a two-terminal element can be embodied.

(Embodiment 7) FIG. 11 shows an example of an active matrix type reflection type liquid crystal display device based on the concept of the present invention.

In FIG. 11, the reflection plate 1111 is provided on the side of the transparent substrate 1103a different from the transparent substrate 1103b on which the thin film transistors are provided. Of course, the position of the reflection plate is on the side of the transparent substrate 1103b. But it doesn't matter.

As a result, the liquid crystal can be driven quasi-statically, and a reflection type liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle and excellent contrast can be realized based on the concept of the present invention.

(Embodiment 8) FIG. 12 shows another example of an active matrix type reflection type liquid crystal display device based on the concept of the present invention.

Instead of the reflection plate described in FIG. 11, a reflection electrode 1204 is provided on the opposite inner surface of a pair of transparent substrates 1203a and 1203b sandwiching a liquid crystal layer 1207, on the side of another substrate 1203a different from the substrate on which the thin film transistors are provided. It is arranged in.

Of course, the transparent electrode shown in FIG.
A similar reflective liquid crystal display device can be realized even if 1205b and 1205c are reflective electrodes. In that case, the reflector 12
04 is a transparent electrode.

As a result, the liquid crystal can be driven quasi-statically, and a reflection type liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle, excellent contrast, and small parallax can be realized based on the concept of the present invention.

[0067]

As described above, according to the present invention, hue and brightness can be independently controlled while maintaining the feature of bright display that is a feature of the ECB type liquid crystal display device without using a color filter. An advantageous effect of obtaining a liquid crystal display device having excellent gradation display performance can be obtained.

Further, since a simple liquid crystal gradation display characteristic can be realized, the control circuit is small and simple.
This has the effect of reducing power consumption and cost, and is extremely useful in practice.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional ECB liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 3 is a chromaticity diagram showing an example of a chromaticity change with respect to a voltage of a conventional ECB liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 4 is a chromaticity diagram showing a chromaticity change with respect to a voltage of the ECB type liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows an ECB type liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
Schematic diagram showing the change in the polarization state of the green unit cell on the Poincare sphere

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing an example of an ECB type reflection type liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a reflection type liquid crystal display device of the ECB type according to the present invention;
Configuration diagram showing an example of a specific configuration when the combination with the reference color is black

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing another example of an ECB type reflection type liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows an ECB-type reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
Configuration diagram showing another example of the specific configuration when the combination with the reference color is black

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing an example of an active matrix type liquid crystal display device based on the concept of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of an active matrix type reflection type liquid crystal display device based on the concept of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing another example of an active matrix type reflection type liquid crystal display device based on the concept of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

101a, 101b, 201a, 201b, 601a,
601b, 701a, 701b, 801a, 901a,
1001a, 1001b, 1101b, 1201b Polarizers 102a, 102b, 202a, 202b, 601a,
601b, 702a, 702b, 802a, 902a,
1002a, 1002b, 1102b, 1202b Phase difference plates 103a, 103b, 203a, 203b, 603a,
603b, 703a, 703b, 803a, 803b,
903a, 903b, 1003a, 1003b, 110
3a, 1103b, 1203a, 1203b Transparent substrate 104, 204, 604, 704, 804, 904, 1
004 electrode 1104 transparent electrode 1204 reflective electrode 105a, 105b, 105c, 105d, 105e,
205a, 205b, 205c, 205d, 205e,
605a, 605b, 605c, 605d, 605e,
705a, 705b, 705c, 705d, 705e,
905a, 905b, 905c, 905d, 905e,
1005a, 1005b, 1005c, electrodes 805a, 805b, 805c, 805d, 805e,
905a, 905b, 905c, 905d, 905e
Reflecting electrodes 1105a, 1105b, 1105c, 1205a, 1
205b, 1205c transparent electrodes 106a, 106b, 206a, 206b, 606a,
606b, 706a, 706b, 806a, 806b,
906a, 906b, 1006a, 1006b, 110
6a, 1106b, 1206a, 1206b Orientation film 107, 207, 607, 707, 807, 907, 1
007, 1107, 1207 Liquid crystal layers 108a, 108b, 108c, 108d, 108e,
608a, 608b, 608c, 608d, 608e,
708a, 708b, 708c, 708d, 708e,
808a, 808b, 808c, 808d, 808e,
908a, 908b, 908c, 908d, 908e,
1008a, 1008b, 1008c, 1108a, 1
108b, 1108c, 1208a, 1208b, 12
08c retardation films 109a, 609a, 709a, 809a, 909a,
1009a, 1109a, 1209a Unit cell R
(Red) 109b, 609b, 709b, 809b, 909b,
1009b, 1109b, 1209b Unit cell G
(Green) 109c, 609c, 709c, 809c, 909c,
1009c, 1109c, 1209c Unit cell B
(Blue) 110,610,710,810,910,1010,
1110, 12101 pixels 611, 711, 1111 Reflector 712, 1112 λ / 4 plate 912, 1212 λ / 4 film 1013a, 1013b, 1013c, 1113a, 1
113b, 1113c, 1213a, 1213b, 12
13c Drain electrode 1014a, 1014b, 1014c, 1114a, 1
114b, 1114c, 1214a, 1214b, 12
14c Source electrode 1015a, 1015b, 1015c, 1115a, 1
115b, 1115c, 1215a, 1215b, 12
15c Protective film 1016a, 1016b, 1016c, 1116a, 1
116b, 1116c, 1216a, 1216b, 12
16c Semiconductor layers 1017a, 1017b, 1017c, 1117a, 1
117b, 1117c, 1217a, 1217b, 12
17c Gate insulating layer 1018a, 1018b, 1018c, 1118a, 1
118b, 1118c, 1218a, 1218b, 12
18c gate electrode

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Katsuhiko Kumakawa, Inventor 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-148642 (JP, A) JP-A-54- 68262 (JP, A) JP-A-7-333600 (JP, A) JP-A-6-324323 (JP, A) JP-A-9-90431 (JP, A) JP-A-9-146124 (JP, A) JP-A-4-3018 (JP, A) JP-A-4-134322 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02F 1/13363 G02F 1/1337 505

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. A polarizing plate, a retardation plate or a retardation film,
A matrix type liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal layer, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between opposed inner surfaces of a first substrate having electrodes and a second substrate, obtaining colored light by a birefringence effect, and comprising a large number of pixels. , The angle formed by the transmission axis of the polarizing plate with respect to a predetermined reference axis xb is θp, the retardation of the retardation film is Rr, the angle formed by the slow axis of the phase difference film with respect to the predetermined reference axis xb is θr, The retardation of the liquid crystal layer is Rl, the angle between the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules on the first substrate side with respect to the predetermined reference axis xb is φ11, and the first
The tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the surface of the second substrate is θl1, the angle between the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules on the second substrate side with respect to the predetermined reference axis xb is φl2, and the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the second substrate surface is θl2, the pixel is (θp, Rr, θr, Rl, φl1, θl1,
Faieru2, Ri Do from different combinations a plurality of unit cells of Shitaeru2), each of the plurality of unit cells, (1) white or black, and, (2) the reference color, and the (3) and white or black A plurality of halftones having the same hue as that of the reference color can be displayed between the reference color (θp, Rr, θ
r, Rl, φl1, θl1, φl2, a liquid crystal display device characterized by the combination of Shitaeru2) is selected. 2. A polarizing plate, a retardation plate or a retardation film,
A matrix type liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal layer, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between opposed inner surfaces of a first substrate having electrodes and a second substrate, obtaining colored light by a birefringence effect, and comprising a large number of pixels. , The angle formed by the transmission axis of the polarizing plate with respect to a predetermined reference axis xb is θp, the retardation of the retardation film is Rr, the angle formed by the slow axis of the phase difference film with respect to the predetermined reference axis xb is θr, The retardation of the liquid crystal layer is Rl, the angle between the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules on the first substrate side with respect to the predetermined reference axis xb is φ11, and the first
The tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the surface of the second substrate is θl1, the angle between the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules on the second substrate side with respect to the predetermined reference axis xb is φl2, and the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the second substrate surface is θl2, the pixel is (θp, Rr, θr, Rl, φl1, θl1,
φl2, θl2) Ri Do combinations from the plurality of different unit cell, of the light passing through the liquid crystal layer, reference color polarization state being modulated by the liquid crystal layer, the light other than the reference color polarization state being modulated (Θp, Rr, θr, Rl, φl
1, θl1, φl2, a liquid crystal display device characterized by the combination of Shitaeru2) is selected. Wherein the unit cell 3 Tsude one pixel is constituted, the reference color to be displayed in each unit cell is red, green, according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that it is blue Liquid crystal display. 4. The method of claim 1 retardation film is characterized in that it is disposed in opposed inner surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate also
A liquid crystal display device according to claim 2 . 5. A first retardation plate different from the retardation film is a first retardation film.
The substrate and the liquid crystal display device according to what <br/> Re one of claims 1 or claim 2, characterized in that disposed on at least one of the opposing outer surface of the second substrate. 6. A least one of the opposing outer surface of the first substrate and the second substrate, the liquid crystal display according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the reflector is arranged apparatus. 7. A λ / 4 plate is provided between the reflection plate and the substrate on which the reflection plate is provided.
7. The liquid crystal display device according to 6 . 8. the first substrate and at least one of the electrodes on the substrate of the second substrate, the liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterized in that it is a reflective electrode . 9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 8 , wherein a λ / 4 film is provided between the reflection electrode and the liquid crystal layer. 10. A non-linear element corresponding to each unit cell is disposed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer is driven by the non-linear element. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein: