JP3025973B2 - Liquid treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid processing apparatus, and more specifically, to an artificial system in which the area of a gas exchange membrane that comes into contact with blood changes depending on the flow rate in an open system. About the lungs.

[Prior Art] In general, as a means of maintaining life for, for example, an emergency cardiopulmonary failure patient, a cardiopulmonary bypass having the function of drawing blood out of the body, adding oxygen, and returning blood back to the body has been developed and put into practical use. Has been provided.

As an example of the oxygenator used in such a heart-lung machine, a device utilizing a hydrophobic porous hollow fiber membrane as a gas exchange membrane has been put into practical use. Blood taken out of the artificial oxygen flows into the oxygenator through the blood inlet of the oxygenator, and in a closed blood chamber that does not communicate with the atmosphere, comes into contact with a large number of porous gas exchange membranes to perform gas exchange. The blood is returned to the human body via the arterial reservoir.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, when using such a closed-system artificial lung, when a patient is an infant and an adult,
Because the amount of blood to be extracorporeally circulated is different, it is necessary to change the performance of the oxygenator, and it is necessary to prepare multiple types of oxygenator in advance and select the appropriate oxygenator according to the patient,
There was a problem that it was complicated.

Further, in the hollow fiber membrane-type artificial lung, a type in which blood flows inside the hollow fiber has been put into practical use, but due to its large pressure loss, extracorporeal circulation, extracorporeal circulation,
It is said that adaptation to Blood Cardio Pregear etc. is difficult.

Therefore, the present inventors flowed blood outside the hollow fiber membrane,
The gas flows inside and the blood chamber in the artificial lung communicates partially with the atmosphere, and when the liquid is stored, the pressure in the remaining space is equal to the atmospheric pressure. This led to the development of a so-called open-type artificial lung with a variable area.

In this way, it is possible to reduce pressure loss by flowing blood to the outside of the hollow fiber and flowing gas to the inside,
There is no need to provide a blood pump in front of the artificial lung in the circulation circuit, and blood can be sent to the artificial lung and further to the blood reservoir only by the head of blood removal from the human body.

Therefore, the blood cardiopregear, which intermittently supplies oxygenated blood for protecting the heart during surgery, can be applied to a separate extracorporeal circulation or the like in which the upper body and the lower body are separately circulated extracorporeally.

Further, with such an open-type oxygenator, the labor of preparing a plurality of types of oxygenators can be omitted, and even if only one type of oxygenator, the area of gas exchange membrane that comes into contact with blood according to the patient and priming The amount can be varied and is desirable.

However, in such an artificial lung, the gas exchange membrane is used only in a portion in contact with the blood below,
In the upper unused portion, the gas exchange membrane is porous, so that the gas escapes from the many holes of the gas exchange membrane to the outside, and there is a problem that sufficient gas exchange performance cannot be obtained.

In addition, the artificial lung usually performs a priming operation to remove the internal air from the blood flow path before use, but because the gas exchange membrane is hydrophobic, the affinity with a priming liquid such as Ringer's solution is poor, It is difficult to completely remove the air in the priming operation, especially in the case where a porous hollow fiber membrane is used as a gas exchange membrane and blood flows outside the hollow fiber, the hollow fiber membrane and the hollow fiber There is a strong phenomenon that air is trapped in between.

As a result, the space between the hollow fiber membranes is blocked by air, the effective membrane area contributing to gas exchange is reduced, and the gas exchange performance may be reduced.

Further, in the above-described open-type artificial lung, the space in the blood chamber other than blood is equal to the atmospheric pressure, and sufficient pressure is not applied to the blood flow path. There was a problem that exchange performance could not be obtained.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and obtain a sufficient liquid processing ability in an open-type liquid processing apparatus.

More specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide an artificial lung capable of obtaining sufficient gas exchange performance while being an open system.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention that achieves the above object is provided so as to extend from below to above, and allows a gas to pass therethrough but does not allow a liquid to pass therethrough,
A liquid chamber provided on one surface side of the liquid processing film so as to extend from below to above, communicate with the atmosphere at least above, and when the liquid is stored, the pressure in the remaining space is equal to the atmospheric pressure, and the liquid chamber has a liquid inlet. And a gas chamber provided on the other surface side of the liquid processing film so as to extend upward from below, wherein a gas inlet of the gas chamber is provided at a lower part of the gas chamber, It is a liquid processing device.

Further, the present invention provides a liquid processing film that is provided extending from the lower side to the upper side and allows gas to pass therethrough but does not pass a liquid. A liquid chamber having a liquid inlet having a pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure in the remaining space when the liquid is accommodated therein, and a gas chamber provided from the lower surface to the upper surface on the other surface side of the liquid processing film. , Wherein the gas flux of the liquid processing film is 10 ml / m ² · s · mmHg or less. .

The gas flux means the amount of gas permeated per unit time when a unit pressure is applied to a membrane having a unit area.

Therefore, the unit is (volume) / [(time) ・ (area) ・
(Pressure)].

For example, if gas at 1 atm permeates through a membrane with an area of 1 m ² at 1 ml / s, it is 1 ml / s · atm · m ² .

If the downstream side is closed using an artificial lung module with a membrane area of 1 m ² and oxygen flows from the upstream side at a pressure of 10 mmHg and the flow rate is 6 l / min, 100 ml / s · (10 mmHg) · m
^2, that is, ^{10ml / s · m 2 · mmHg} .

An example of the liquid processing film includes a porous body having a large number of pores, and a substance that closes at least the pores of the porous body and reduces gas permeability of the pores.

Further, the present invention provides a liquid processing film, a liquid chamber provided on one surface side of the liquid processing film, communicating with the atmosphere at least above, and the pressure of the remaining space when the liquid is stored is equal to the atmospheric pressure. Wherein at least the surface of the liquid processing film has a liquid contact device having an advancing contact angle with water of less than 90 degrees.

Here, the advancing contact angle refers to a contact angle formed when the liquid surface advances when extra liquid is added to the droplet on the solid surface.

The measuring method is, for example, to measure the angle between the solid surface and the liquid surface from the horizontal direction and the center of the liquid droplet while adding extra liquid to the liquid droplet on the solid surface.

[Operation] In using the liquid processing apparatus according to the present invention, first, blood is introduced into the liquid processing apparatus from the fluid inlet.

The introduced blood is provided extending upward from below,
The gas flows into a liquid chamber provided on one surface side of the liquid processing film through which gas passes but liquid does not.

Here, the liquid chamber is provided extending upward from below, and further communicates with the atmosphere at least above,
Since the pressure of the remaining space when the liquid is stored is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the level of the inflowing blood changes from lower to upper in accordance with the amount of the inflowing blood.

On the other hand, a gas chamber is provided on the other surface side of the liquid processing film, and the oxygen-containing gas flows, so that blood on the liquid chamber side passes through the gas chamber with the liquid processing film interposed therebetween. It will come into contact with the flowing oxygen-containing gas.

Since the liquid processing membrane allows gas to pass therethrough but does not allow liquid to pass therethrough, the blood in the liquid chamber exchanges gas with the oxygen-containing gas flowing through the gas chamber to add oxygen.

Here, since the gas inlet of the gas chamber is provided at the lower part of the gas chamber, the oxygen-containing gas flowing from the gas inlet opens the blood and the liquid processing film stored below the liquid chamber immediately after the flow. And gas exchange is performed efficiently.

The gas flux of the liquid treatment membrane is 10ml / m ²・ s ・ m
Since the pressure is not more than mHg, oxygen-containing gas does not leak out of a portion of the liquid treatment membrane that is not involved in the gas exchange of blood, and the gas exchange efficiency does not decrease.

Furthermore, since at least the surface of the liquid processing film has an advancing contact angle with water of 90 degrees or less, even in an open type liquid processing apparatus such as the present invention, the surface of the liquid processing film is easily wetted, and blood is removed. Efficient gas exchange is performed to well wet the liquid processing membrane surface.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an illustrated example.

FIG. 1 schematically shows, by a cross section, the entire configuration of an artificial lung as a liquid processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

 In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an artificial lung.

A housing 3 constituting the oxygenator 1 is molded from a hard plastic material such as polycarbonate, acryl-styrene copolymer, hard polyvinyl chloride, etc., and has a cylindrical shape. A blood storage chamber 5 having a space of a predetermined size is provided.

A blood outlet 4 is provided at the lower end of the blood storage chamber 5.

Further inside the blood reservoir 5, a number of hollow fiber membrane bundles are disposed as liquid treatment membranes according to the present invention, which extend upward from below in the longitudinal direction of the housing 3, are separated from each other, and spread over the whole. The blood processing membrane 7 is converged to form a cylindrical blood processing section 6, which is arranged coaxially with the housing 3.

Therefore, the blood storage chamber 5 is constituted by the inner surface of the housing 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the blood processing section 6, and when viewed from above, the blood storage chamber 5 has a donut shape.

The blood processing membrane 7 is not limited to the hollow fiber membrane as described above, and may be formed from a flat membrane or the like.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which only the blood processing section 6 is taken out for convenience and viewed from obliquely above.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the blood processing section 6 is composed of a blood processing membrane 7 which is a large number of hollow fiber membranes formed in both left and right directions at an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to a vertical line. ing.

The blood processing membranes 7 may be arranged in parallel in the vertical direction. However, by arranging the blood processing membranes 7 at an angle so as to intersect, the hollow fiber membranes are tightly knitted, No special holding housing is required outside the processing section 6.

In order to form the blood processing membranes 7 that intersect at an angle as described above, a known method can be adopted. For example, the blood processing membrane 7 is wound at a predetermined angle through a thread guide that moves back and forth on a rotating bobbin, and a spiral multilayer body intersecting at a predetermined angle is obtained. The part is temporarily fixed with a temporary fixing member, stored in a predetermined position in the housing 3, and a partition wall forming material made of polyurethane or the like is centrifugally injected into both ends to form a partition wall.
By slicing the end face of the partition wall at a predetermined position, the end face of the blood processing membrane 7 made of a porous hollow fiber membrane can be opened to form the partition wall.

Although not shown, the bobbin may be used as a lattice-like aggregate, and may be used as a strength imparting body by being directly incorporated into a product without being extracted after forming the multilayer body.

The blood processing membrane 7 functions as a gas exchange membrane in an artificial lung, and is formed of a hydrophobic porous hollow fiber membrane crimped at a predetermined ratio of, for example, 10,000 to 60,000.

The porous hollow fiber membrane can be generally formed from a polyolefin, for example, a material such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polysulfone, polyacrylonitrile, and polyethylene terephthalate.

 Particularly preferred is polypropylene.

Further, the blood processing film 7 can also be formed from a silicone film or the like.

In any case, since the blood processing membrane 7 is basically hydrophobic and has a property of allowing gas to pass therethrough but not liquid, the blood processing membrane 7 is interposed between the blood and the other side. The presence of oxygen-containing gas on the side causes oxygen to be added to the blood (venous blood) due to the principle of partial pressure.

Here, the blood treatment membrane 7 has a gas flux of 10 ml / m ^2.
It is adjusted to be s · mmHg or less.

When the blood processing membrane 7 is made of a silicone membrane, the gas flux is 10 ml / m ² · s · mmHg or less, and there is no need to adjust the gas flux. However, when the blood processing membrane 7 is made of a porous polyolefin, , because as it is a gas flux is greater than ^{10ml / m 2 · s · mmHg} , 10ml / m 2 · s
・ Adjust so that it is less than mmHg.

Specifically, the inside of the micropores that exist in large numbers on the side walls of the porous hollow fiber membrane and penetrate from the outside to the inside is closed with silicone oil to reduce the permeability of the substrate.

Examples of the silicone oil include dimethyl silicone oil, methyl phenyl silicone oil, methyl chlorophenyl silicone oil, branched dimethyl silicone oil, methyl hydrogen silicone oil and the like, preferably dimethyl silicone oil and methyl phenyl silicone oil, most preferably, Dimethyl silicone oil.

In order to fill the micropores of the porous side wall with silicone oil, the porous membrane is immersed in a solution of silicone oil for 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 1 to 3 minutes, and sufficiently impregnated.
A gas such as air, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide gas is allowed to flow to remove the silicone oil filling the inside of the porous hollow fiber membrane, and then a mixture of a solvent and a non-solvent is allowed to flow through the inner surface to adhere to the inner surface. The silicone oil layer is removed and only the micropores are filled with silicone oil.

Further, when the silicone oil flows out of the fine holes in the side wall of the porous hollow fiber membrane to the outer surface, it is preferable to remove the silicone oil attached to the outer surface by the same method as described above.

The silicone oil is usually used as a solution of 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 30 to 60% by weight.

In addition, as the solvent, benzene, toluene, xylene, hexane, methylene chloride / methyl ethyl ketone,
Examples include methyl ether, ethyl acetate and trifluorotrichloroethane (Freon).

As the liquid for removing the silicone oil attached to the wall surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane, a mixed solvent of an alcohol-based solvent in which the silicone oil is not dissolved and the solvent is used because the impregnated silicone oil is eluted with the solvent.

For example, a mixed solution of hexane and ethanol, hexane and isopropyl alcohol, xylene and ethanol, toluene and isopropyl alcohol, freon and ethanol, and the like are used.

In this manner, the porous hollow fiber membrane whose micropores are closed by the silicone oil has a gas flux of 10 ml / m ^2.
s · mmHg or less.

However, since the filled silicone oil has a predetermined gas permeability, there is no inferiority in function as a gas exchange membrane of an artificial lung.

Further, at least the outer surface of the blood treatment film 7 is treated so that the advancing contact angle with water is less than 90 degrees, preferably 80 degrees or less.

The advancing contact angle and its measuring method are as described above.

Further, making the advancing contact angle less than the predetermined value in this way means that the contact surface of the blood processing membrane 7 with the blood is hydrophilized to a desired degree to make it easier to wet, and is an object of the present invention. However, it is important to obtain a sufficient liquid processing ability without reducing the effective film area contributing to the liquid processing of the liquid processing film.

Here, if the advancing contact angle with water is 90 degrees or more,
Due to the open system of the artificial lung 1 and the poor wettability of the blood processing membrane 7 with respect to blood, blood does not spread between the blood processing membranes 7 composed of hollow fiber membranes, and sufficient gas exchange performance is obtained. Will not be able to do it.

As a method of hydrophilizing the outer surface of the blood processing membrane,
Various methods can be used, and the method is applicable as long as it does not damage blood or has toxicity when it comes into contact with blood.

There are various methods for the above-mentioned hydrophilization treatment, examples of which are described below.

(1) Acid treatment The acid used is KMnO ₄ / H ₂ SO ₄ solution, K ₂ Cr ₂ O ₇ / H ₂ S
There is an O ₄ solution and the like, but a KMnO ₄ / H ₂ SO ₄ solution is particularly preferable.

The concentration of each component of this solution is KMnO ₄ 0.05-1wt%, H ₂ S
O _{4 is} preferably 90 to 100% by weight for hydrophilicity.

Not only the above mixed acids, but also a single acid, for example, H ₂ SO ₄
You may use only.

(2) Treatment with aqueous albumin solution It is preferable to use an aqueous albumin solution having a concentration of 0.5 to 8 w / v% for hydrophilization.

(3) PHEMA treatment PHEMA, that is, treatment with polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, is performed at a concentration of 0.05% for hydrophilization.
It is good to be ~ 4Wt%.

(4) Corona Discharge Treatment Corona discharge treatment is a method in which a so-called corona discharge occurs on a material to introduce a hydrophilic group into the surface, and the treatment time is determined according to the required degree of hydrophilicity.

(5) Plasma Treatment Plasma treatment is a method of treating a polymer surface using active species created by glow discharge, and the treatment time is determined according to the required degree of hydrophilicity.

(6) Ozone treatment Ozone treatment is a method of introducing a hydrophilic functional group to the surface by applying ozone to the surface.

The processing time is determined according to the required degree of hydrophilicity.

After treating the blood channel membrane 7 in this way, the following general formula (I) And coated with a poly (oxyethylene) -poly (oxypropylene) block polymer represented by The means for coating the block polymer is not particularly limited.

By using these together, both the wettability and the bubble-preventing property are improved. In the above formula (I), a + c is 2 to 2,000
0, preferably 2 to 500, more preferably 3 to 300, b is 1
The range is from 0 to 150, preferably from 10 to 100, more preferably from 15 to 70. If the content is out of these ranges, the hydrophilicity of the block copolymer itself is reduced, and the ease of relaxation to the hydrophobic portion is reduced, so that the wettability of the material surface after the treatment is reduced.

On the other hand, both ends of the blood processing membrane 7 are supported in a liquid-tight manner by a partition wall 11 made of polyurethane or the like in a state where the respective openings 9 are not closed, and are fixed in the housing 3 of the oxygenator 1.

The blood treatment membrane 7 composed of a porous hollow fiber membrane has a blood flow path on the outside and a gas chamber, that is, a flow path for an oxygen-containing gas, inside the hollow fiber membranes.

In addition, the blood processing unit 6 formed of the aggregate of a large number of blood processing films 7 has a donut shape when viewed from above.

Then, a blood chamber 21 is formed in the inner space of the blood processing membrane 6.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an antifoaming member 13 is provided inside the blood processing section 6.

The defoaming member 13 is provided to remove air bubbles present in the blood so that the blood comes into contact with the blood processing membrane 7 in a state where no air bubbles are mixed. By providing the defoaming member 13 in this manner, it is possible to prevent fine and small air bubbles from adhering to the blood processing membrane 7, and the effective membrane area contributing to gas exchange is not impaired, and the pressure loss increases. Can also be prevented.

The defoaming member 13 is formed of urethane foam, stainless steel ribbon, polyurethane mesh, and the like.
The upper part is closed, the lower part is opened, the inside has a hollow cylindrical shape, and the lower end is welded to the bottom part 15 of the housing 3 or bonded with an adhesive or the like.

Further, a blood introduction tube 17 for introducing blood into the oxygenator 1 is formed at a central portion in the axial direction of the oxygenator 1, and is fixed to the housing 3 by a cross-shaped support 18 when viewed from above. I have.

Since an opening is provided between the spokes of the cross-shaped support portion 18, the blood chamber 21 communicates with the outside air via this opening. Therefore, the pressure in the space of the blood chamber 21 is always equal to the atmospheric pressure.

On the other hand, the lower end of the housing 3 is
A blood inlet 19 is formed to face the opening 15.

A connection port 23 for introducing venous blood derived from a human body into the artificial lung 1 via a blood removal tube (not shown) is provided at the upper end of the blood introduction tube 17.

In this way, the venous blood derived from the human body flows into the blood chamber 21 from the blood inlet 19 through the blood removal tube, the connection port 23, and the flow path in the blood introduction tube 17 (not shown), and the defoaming member
After being defoamed by 13, it comes into contact with blood processing membrane 7 made of a porous hollow fiber membrane of blood processing section 6, gas exchange is performed, and oxygen is added.

As described above, the blood processing section 6 is supported at both upper and lower ends in a liquid-tight manner by the partition walls 11 made of polyurethane or the like, and is fixed above and below the housing 3. Blood processing membrane 7
Both ends are supported by a partition 11 without being closed as shown in FIG. 2, and an opening 9 is formed.

The end face of the partition 11 where the opening 9 of the blood processing membrane 7 is formed has a ring shape, and when fixed in the housing 3, along the ring-shaped end face of the partition 11 so as not to close the opening 9. , The continuous ring-shaped space 25 is the housing 3
Are provided on the upper side and the lower side, respectively.

Here, the partition wall 11 serves to isolate the space 25 from the blood chamber 21, and as a result, the gas passing through the gas chamber in the blood processing membrane 7 and the blood flowing through the blood chamber 21 are mixed. Not to be. Lower space 25 of housing 3
The gas inlet opening communicating with the space 25
27 are provided. Accordingly, the gas containing oxygen gas flows into the space 25 below the gas inlet 27 and diffuses in a ring shape, and then flows through the opening 9 located at the lower partition end face of the blood processing unit 6. It flows into the internal space of the blood processing membrane 7 made of a porous hollow fiber membrane. Thus, the opening 9 on the lower side of the blood processing membrane 7 constitutes the gas inlet in the present invention.

The gas that has passed through the gas chamber in the blood processing membrane 7 flows out of the opening 9 formed in the upper partition end face.

On the other hand, in the housing 3 forming the upper space 25,
A gas outlet 29 communicating with the space 25 is provided.

Therefore, the gas that has flowed out of the upper opening 9 once flows into the upper space portion 25, and is immediately drawn out from the gas outlet 29 and is discharged to the outside air.

When the artificial lung 1 is used as a life support device for an emergency lung or lung failure patient, first, the connection port 23 is used.
Is connected to a blood removal tube (not shown), and a blood return tube (not shown) is connected to the blood outlet 4.

Further, an oxygen-containing gas introduction tube (not shown) is connected to the gas introduction port 27.

Next, a priming operation is performed, a priming operation is performed using a Ringer's solution or the like, and air bubbles in the blood flow path are removed.

Then, after configuring the blood circulation circuit by cannulation by surgical operation, extracorporeal circulation is started.

In this way, when blood derived from the human body is introduced into the blood introduction tube 17 from the connection port 23 via the blood removal tube, the blood further flows into the blood inlet 19 provided at the lower end of the blood introduction tube 17. It flows into the blood chamber 21 more.

The upper remaining space other than the blood in the blood chamber 21 communicates with the outside air at the upper portion, so that the pressure in this portion is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

The blood that has flowed in from the blood inlet 19 is defoamed by the defoaming member 13, and then moves to the space between the defoaming member 13 and the blood processing unit 6.

Then, the blood comes into contact with a blood processing membrane 7 composed of a porous hollow fiber membrane constituting the blood processing section 6.

The oxygen-containing gas introduced from the gas introduction port 27 flows through the opening 9 into the internal space of each blood processing membrane 7, and continues to be radiated from the gas discharge port 29 to the outside air.

On the other hand, since the blood processing membrane 7 is formed of a porous hollow fiber membrane that allows gas to pass through but does not allow liquid to pass through, blood in contact with the blood processing membrane 7 undergoes gas exchange, and oxygen is added.

Here, the blood flowing from the blood inlet 19 rises and falls in the blood chamber 21 in accordance with the amount thereof, but in the present invention, the gas inlet of the blood processing membrane 7 is Since the gas is formed from the opening 9 at the lower end of the gas 7, the oxygen-containing gas comes into contact with the blood via the membrane wall immediately after flowing into the blood processing membrane 7, and gas is efficiently exchanged. Will be.

Unlike the present invention, if the gas inlet is located above the blood processing membrane 7, even if blood flows into the blood processing membrane 7,
Immediately after the blood treatment membrane 7 cannot come into contact with the blood, it comes out of a large number of holes in the side wall of the blood processing membrane 7 before coming into contact with the blood stored therebelow, resulting in poor gas exchange efficiency.

Furthermore, since the gas flux of the blood processing membrane 7 according to the present invention is 10 ml / m ² · s · mmHg or less, the oxygen-containing gas escapes from the many holes on the side wall of the blood processing membrane 7 to the outside. Phenomena such as not contributing to gas exchange are prevented, and gas exchange is performed with high efficiency.

On the other hand, since the outer surface of the blood processing membrane 7 according to the present invention is adjusted so that the advancing contact angle with water is less than 90 degrees, the outer surface is easily wetted with priming liquid or blood and exposed to the atmosphere as in the present invention. Even in the case of an artificial lung of the type in which the pressure in the space of the blood chamber is equal to the atmospheric pressure without being pressurized, the surface of the blood processing membrane 7 is easily compatible with priming liquid or blood, and priming is performed quickly. High gas exchange performance can be obtained.

In this way, the blood to which oxygen has been added moves to the outside of the blood processing unit 6, flows down, and is stored in the blood storage chamber 5.

The blood then flows out from the blood outlet 4 at the lower end of the blood storage chamber 5 and is returned to the artery side of the human body via the blood return tube.

In the above description, the case of an artificial lung has been described as an example of the liquid processing apparatus. However, the application is not limited thereto, and the liquid processing apparatus can also be applied to industrial use such as a gas exchange apparatus in liquid.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, the present invention is provided to extend upward from below, and to allow a gas to pass through but not to pass through a liquid treatment film, and a liquid treatment film from one side to the other from above to below. It is provided extending and communicates with the atmosphere at least above, and the pressure of the remaining space when containing the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure,
A liquid chamber having a liquid inlet, and a gas chamber extending upward from below on the other surface side of the liquid processing film, wherein the gas inlet of the gas chamber is provided at a lower part of the gas chamber. And a liquid processing apparatus.

Therefore, since the gas inlet of the gas chamber is provided at the lower part of the gas chamber, the gas containing oxygen comes into contact with the liquid via the liquid processing film immediately after flowing into the gas chamber from the gas inlet. Thus, gas exchange and the like are performed efficiently.

Further, the present invention provides a liquid processing film that is provided extending from the lower side to the upper side and allows gas to pass therethrough but does not pass a liquid. A liquid chamber having a liquid inlet having a pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure in the remaining space when the liquid is accommodated therein, and a gas chamber provided from the lower surface to the upper surface on the other surface side of the liquid processing film. , Wherein the gas flux of the liquid processing film is 10 ml / m ² · s · mmHg or less. Therefore, the gas exchange is performed with high efficiency without the gas containing oxygen or the like escaping from the liquid processing film without contributing to the gas exchange.

Further, when the liquid processing film is a porous body having a large number of pores, it can be easily provided with a substance that closes at least the pores of the porous body and reduces the gas permeability of the pores. A liquid processing film that satisfies the above gas flux conditions can be obtained.

Further, the present invention provides a liquid processing film, provided on one surface side of the liquid processing film, communicates with the atmosphere at least above,
A liquid chamber in which the pressure of the remaining space portion when the liquid is stored is equal to the atmospheric pressure, and at least the surface of the liquid processing film has an advancing contact angle with water of less than 90 degrees. It is composed of devices. Therefore, the liquid processing film is easily wetted by the priming liquid or blood, so that the priming operation can be performed quickly and gas exchange can be performed with high efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a liquid processing apparatus (artificial lung) according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating only the liquid processing unit of the liquid processing apparatus (artificial lung) shown in FIG. FIG. (Description of Signs of Main Parts) 1 ... artificial lung (liquid treatment apparatus) 2 ... blood treatment membrane (liquid treatment membrane) 9 ... opening (gas inlet) 19 ... blood inlet (liquid inlet) 21 … Blood chamber (liquid chamber)

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61M 1/14

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A liquid processing film that extends upward from below and allows gas to pass therethrough but does not pass liquid, and is provided on one surface side of the liquid processing film extending upward from below and communicates with the atmosphere at least above. The pressure of the remaining space when the liquid is stored is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the liquid chamber having a liquid inlet, and the gas chamber provided from the lower surface to the upper surface on the other surface side of the liquid processing film. And a gas inlet of the gas chamber is provided at a lower part of the gas chamber. 2. A liquid processing film which extends upward from below and allows gas to pass therethrough but does not pass liquid, and is provided on one surface side of the liquid processing film extending upward from below and communicates with the atmosphere at least above. The pressure of the remaining space when the liquid is stored is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the liquid chamber having a liquid inlet, and the gas chamber provided from the lower surface to the upper surface on the other surface side of the liquid processing film. And the gas flux of the liquid processing membrane is 10 ml / m ² · s · mmH
g or less, the liquid treatment device. 3. The liquid processing film includes: a porous body having a large number of pores; and a substance that closes at least the pores of the porous body and reduces gas permeability of the pores. The liquid processing apparatus according to claim 2. A liquid chamber provided on one surface side of the liquid processing film, communicating with the atmosphere at least above, and having a pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure in a remaining space portion when the liquid is stored; A liquid treatment apparatus, wherein at least a surface of the liquid treatment film has an advancing contact angle with water of less than 90 degrees.