JP3023401B2 - Method and apparatus for dress control of grindstone in gear honing machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the number of teeth as gear specifications,
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for dress control of a grindstone for processing tooth surfaces of a plurality of types of gear-shaped workpieces having at least one of a torsion angle and a dislocation coefficient different from each other with a single grindstone.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a gear honing apparatus has been known as a means for finishing a tooth surface of a gear-shaped work. For example, when processing an external gear-shaped work, this apparatus prepares an internal gear-shaped whetstone that meshes with the work, moves the work in the cutting feed direction, and meshes with the whetstone until there is no backlash. Then, the workpiece is rotated by a grindstone while performing the above-mentioned cutting feed, thereby processing the tooth surface of the workpiece.

In such a gear honing process, even when a large number of types of works are present, if the tooth right angle module and the tooth right angle pressure angle of the gear specifications are equal, these works can be shared. It can be meshed with a grindstone and can be processed with this single grindstone. To perform such gear honing processing, before processing each work, a dressing gear having the same gear specifications as the work is meshed with the above-mentioned grindstone, and this grindstone tooth surface is formed into a shape capable of processing the work. Just dress it.

[0004]

At the start of the dressing of the grinding wheel tooth surface as described above, it is necessary to mesh the dressing gear with the grinding wheel, but each dressing gear has a number of teeth, a twist angle, or a dislocation. Since the coefficients are different from each other, it is necessary to finely adjust the center-to-center distance and the axis crossing angle of each of these dressing gears to mesh with a single grindstone.

Heretofore, conventionally, each time a dressing gear is dressed with various dressing gears, an operator manually fine-tunes the axis crossing angle so as to mesh the dressing gears with the grindstone, Manually adjust the center-to-center distance between the gear and the dressing gear so that there is no backlash, and store this distance in the machine (so-called teaching)
Has been done. For this reason, the dressing operation requires skill, and there is a disadvantage that the accuracy varies greatly and the working efficiency is low.

[0006] In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a gear honing process for processing a plurality of types of workpieces with a single grindstone. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dress control method and a dress control method which can automatically and suitably mesh with the grindstone and perform dressing on the tooth surface.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a plurality of types of gear-shaped workpieces having at least one of the number of teeth, a torsion angle, and a dislocation coefficient are different from each other by a single gear meshing with these workpieces. A dress control method for a grindstone in a gear honing machine for processing with a grindstone, wherein a first dress gear having common gear specifications with a first workpiece is meshed with the grindstone and both are rotated. After dressing the tooth surface of the grinding wheel by, based on the center distance and axis crossing angle between the dressing gear and the grinding wheel immediately after this tooth surface dressing, gear specifications of the first work, and the number of teeth of the grinding wheel, It has a grinding wheel specification calculation operation for calculating the wheel specifications of the grinding wheel changed by the tooth surface dressing, and has the same gear specifications as the second work to be processed next based on the calculated grinding wheel gear specifications. Up the second dressing gear A tooth surface dressing operation for calculating a center distance and an axis crossing angle between the second dressing gear and the grinding wheel for meshing with the grinding wheel, and the second work gear after processing the first work and Before machining the work, the second dressing gear meshes with a grindstone using the center distance and the axis crossing angle calculated by the above-described tooth frustum dressing calculation operation, and a tooth flap dressing dresses the tooth flanks of the grindstone. The present invention also relates to a dressing control device for a grindstone in the gear honing apparatus, wherein the information input means for inputting information relating to gear specifications of the work is provided. Distance adjusting means for adjusting the center-to-center distance between the grindstone and the work and the center between the grindstone and the dressing gear having the same gear specifications as the work, and the axis intersection angle between the grindstone and the work and the grindstone Axle intersection with dress gear A first dressing gear immediately after the tooth surface of the grindstone is dressed by meshing the axis crossing angle adjusting means for adjusting the angle, the first work and the first dressing gear having common gear specifications; Based on the distance between the center and the axis crossing angle with the grindstone, the gear specifications of the work input by the information input means, and the number of teeth of the grindstone, a grindstone that calculates the gear specifications of the grindstone changed by the tooth surface dress. The specification calculating means and the second dressing gear having the same gear specification as the second work to be processed next based on the calculated gear specification of the grindstone. 2, a tooth surface dressing calculating means for calculating the center distance and the axis crossing angle between the dressing gear and the grindstone; and the above-described first based on the center distance and the axis crossing angle calculated by the tooth surface dressing calculating means. According to the second dressing gear after the work 1 Dressing control means for controlling the operation of the distance adjusting means and the axis crossing angle adjusting means so as to adjust the center distance and the axis crossing angle between the second dressing gear and the grinding stone at the time of dressing the grinding wheel. (Claim 4).

In the above method, after the tooth dressing by the second dressing gear, the second work and the second dressing gear are used as the first work and the first dressing gear, respectively. It is more effective to repeat the original operation, the operation for the tooth surface dressing, and the operation for the tooth surface dressing in this order (claim 2).

Further, in the method according to claim 1 or 2, the grinding wheel specification calculation operation is performed before the processing of the first work, and the grinding wheel gear specification calculated by the grinding wheel specification calculation operation is: Grinding stone teeth required for machining the first work based on the center-to-center distance between the grinding wheel after tooth dressing by the first dress gear and the first dress gear and the involute start diameter of the work tooth surface. A tip diameter is calculated, and a tooth tip surface of the grinding stone is dressed before the first workpiece processing based on the tip diameter of the grinding stone (Claim 3).
In the above-described apparatus, the wheel specifications of the grinding wheel calculated by the grinding wheel specification calculating means, the center distance between the grinding wheel after the tooth surface dressing by the first dressing gear and the first dressing gear, and the work First based on the involute start diameter of the tooth surface
A tip surface dressing calculating means for calculating a grindstone tip diameter required for processing of the work, and the above-described dressing time after the grinding wheel specification calculation operation and before the first work is processed. A tooth tip dressing control means for adjusting a relative position of the tooth tip dressing grindstone with respect to the grinding stone based on the grindstone tip diameter calculated by the tooth tip dressing calculating means (claim 5); More excellent effects are obtained as described below.

[0010]

According to the method of the first aspect and the apparatus of the fourth aspect, the first dressing gear having the same gear specifications as the first workpiece is meshed with the grinding wheel and dressed. Based on the center-to-center distance and axis crossing angle between the first dressing gear and the grinding wheel immediately after the tooth surface dressing, the gear specifications of the work, and the number of teeth of the grinding wheel, the gears of the grinding wheel changed by the tooth surface dressing. A grinding wheel specification calculation operation for calculating an element (dislocation coefficient and torsion angle) and the like, and a second grinding wheel having the same gear specification as a second workpiece to be processed next based on the calculated grinding wheel gear specification. By performing a tooth surface dressing calculation operation of calculating a center distance and an axis crossing angle between the second dressing gear and the grinding wheel for meshing the dressing gear with the grinding wheel, the second dressing is performed. The above-mentioned tooth surface dress Using the center-to-center distance and the axis crossing angle calculated by the arithmetic operation automatically meshes with the grinding wheel said second dress gear, it is possible to perform the tooth surface dress operation.

Then, after the tooth surface dressing by the upper second dressing gear, the second work and the second dressing gear are moved to the first work and the first dress, respectively. The above-mentioned grinding wheel specification calculation operation, the above-mentioned tooth surface dressing operation, and the above-mentioned tooth surface dressing operation are repeated in this order, thereby processing three or more types of workpieces with a single grinding stone and the tooth surface dressing therefor. The operation can be performed smoothly.

Further, the method according to claim 3 and the method according to claim 5
According to the apparatus described above, after the grinding wheel specification calculation operation, the wheel specification of the grinding wheel calculated by the grinding wheel specification calculation operation and the first wheel specification are used.
By calculating the required grinding wheel tip diameter based on the distance between the center of the grinding wheel after dressing the tooth surface and the first dressing gear and the involute start diameter of the work tooth surface by the dressing gear, The tip surface of the whetstone can be automatically dressed by a suitable amount based on the tip diameter.

[0013]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The gear honing apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 includes a grinding wheel support housing 10, and a hollow ring portion 12 is provided in the grinding wheel support housing 10. A ring sprocket 16 having outward teeth is provided radially inward of the ring portion 12 via a not-shown whetstone bearing.
Is rotatably held, and a grindstone 20 is fixed to the inside of the ring sprocket 16 in the radial direction by a grindstone holder 18. The grindstone 20 has an internal gear shape as shown in FIG. 4 and is configured to rotate integrally with the ring sprocket 16. On both left and right sides of the ring sprocket 16, donut plates for preventing coolant from entering are provided. A water draining plate 22 is fixed.

On the upper portion of the grinding wheel support housing 10,
The grindstone drive motor 24 is fixed horizontally. A motor sprocket 28 is fixed to an output shaft 26 of the grinding wheel drive motor 24. The motor sprocket 28 is connected to the ring sprocket 16 via a silent chain 30.
The driving force of the grinding wheel drive motor 24 is controlled by the motor sprocket 28, the silent chain 30, and the ring sprocket 16.
0 is transmitted. Specifically, as the motor output shaft 26 rotates in the direction of arrow A1 in FIG. 2, the grindstone 20 rotates in the direction of arrow A2 in FIG.

At the rear of the grinding wheel support housing 10,
A flange portion 34 is provided, and the flange portion 34 is connected to a rotation output shaft 3 of a shaft crossing angle adjusting device 38 by a bolt 36.
9 is fixed. The axis crossing angle adjusting device 38 includes a grinding wheel turning motor 40 that rotationally drives the rotation output shaft 39, and the rotation driving causes the inclination angle of the entire grinding wheel 20 and the grinding wheel support housing 10 with respect to a work and a dress gear described later (that is, the axis crossing angle). Angle).

The axis crossing angle adjusting device 38 includes a table 4
The table 42 is slidably mounted along a predetermined cutting direction (a direction including an arrow A3 in FIG. 1). The table 42 is provided with a cutting drive motor 44 and a ball screw mechanism (not shown).
By these operations, the axis crossing angle adjusting device 38, the grindstone support housing 10, and the grindstone 20 as a whole are
2 and is driven to slide in the cutting direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, a work 46 to be machined in this apparatus has a helical gear-shaped gear portion 48, which has a shape (ie, a right angle tooth) that can mesh with the grinding wheel 20. module m _n and teeth perpendicular pressure angle alpha _n have the same shape) and the grinding wheel 20. As will be described in detail later, at least one of the number of teeth z ₁ , the torsion angle (pitch cylindrical torsion angle) β ₀₁ , and the dislocation coefficient (tooth right angle dislocation coefficient) x _n1 , which are gear specifications, is different from each other. The kind of work 46 is designed to be processed by the common grindstone 20.
6 and the gear specifications (that is, the number of teeth z ₁ , the torsion angle β ₀₁ ,
The tooth surfaces of the grindstone 20 are dressed by dress gears (dress gears) having the same dislocation coefficient x _n2 ).

In the present invention, the type of the work 46 and the gear portion 48 of the dress gear are not particularly limited, and may be a helical gear of β ₀₁ ≠ 0 as shown in the drawing, or a flat gear of β ₀₁ = 0. It may be a gear.

The work 46 and the dress gear are supported by a device as shown in FIG. This apparatus includes a headstock 50 and a tailstock 52 for holding a work 46 or the like in the axial direction. The headstock 50 rotatably supports the main shaft 54 in a horizontal state, and includes a main shaft motor 62 for driving the main shaft 54 to rotate. The front end of the main shaft 54 is in pressure contact with one end of the work 46 in the axial direction. A holding portion 56 is provided. The tailstock 52 is set on the bed 60, and the tailstock shaft 53 is moved in the direction of arrow A4 in FIG.
It is slidably supported. The tailstock shaft 53 has a holding portion 6 which is in pressure contact with the other axial end of the work 46.
9 is rotatably mounted via a thrust bearing (not shown). The holding portion 69 and the tailstock shaft 53 are driven in a direction approaching the headstock 50, thereby holding the work 46 and the dress gear. At the same time, the driving force transmitted to the main shaft 54 is transmitted from the holding portion 56 to the work 46 by frictional force. This main shaft 54
Is driven only when the teeth of the work 46 are indexed to a predetermined position in order to mesh the teeth of the work 46 with the teeth of the grindstone 20, and after the teeth are meshed, the clutch (not shown) is switched to connect the main shaft motor 62 with the main shaft motor 62. The connection is released, and the work 46 or the dress gear rotates.

Further, this device is provided with an information input device 70 and a control device 80 as shown in FIG.

The information input device 70 has an operation unit such as a keyboard, and is configured so that the following information can be input to the control device 80 by the operation.

Absolute specifications So: Gear specifications common to all the work 46, the dress gear, and the grindstone 20, which are absolute conditions for the work 46 and the dress gear to mesh with the grindstone 20. Specifically, the tooth right angle module m _n and the tooth right angle pressure angle α _n correspond to this.

Grindstone Specifications Sg: Of the gear specifications of the grindstone 20, these are specifications other than the above-mentioned absolute specifications So, and are specifications that do not change even when a tooth surface dress described later is performed. Specifically, the number of teeth z ₂ of the grindstone 20 corresponds to this.

Work specifications Swa, Swb,...: Gear specifications of each work 46 (hereinafter referred to as A work, B work, C work... According to the type of work), and other than the above-mentioned absolute specifications So. The specifications of. That is, the work specifications Swa of the A work (number of teeth z _1A , twist angle β _01A , dislocation coefficient x
_n1A , involute start diameter (diameter corresponding to the point where the involute curve starts on the workpiece tooth surface)
d _fA ), the workpiece specifications Swb of the B workpiece (number of teeth z _1B , twist angle β _01B , dislocation coefficient x _n1B , involute start diameter d _fB ) _,. Since these work specifications are equal to the dress gear specifications of the dress gear corresponding to each work, the input of the work specifications means the input of the dress gear specifications at the same time.

Dressing specifications Sr: In this gear honing apparatus, after the above-mentioned tooth surface dressing,
The inner diameter (ie, the tip diameter) d _k2 is adjusted to adjust the inner diameter (ie, the tip surface dress). A cylindrical dress ring (an inner diameter grinding tool having a grindstone fixed to the outer peripheral surface) used at this time is used. Is input as dressing specification Sr.

As shown in FIG. 1, the control device 80 includes a grindstone specification calculating means 81, a grindstone specification storage means 82, a tooth surface dress calculation means 83, a dress state storage means 84, an inner diameter dress calculation means 85, Command means 86, wheel turning control means 8
7 and cutting drive control means 88.

The grindstone specification calculating means 81 includes the information input device 7
0 and the center distance a between the grinding wheel and the dress gear stored in the dress state storage means 84 described later.
_{Based on x} and the axis crossing angle γ, the dislocation coefficient x _n2 and the torsion angle β of the grindstone 20 immediately after the tooth surface dressing is performed under these conditions.
₀₂ is calculated and stored in the grinding wheel specification storage means 82.

The tooth surface dressing calculating means 83 is operated by the grinding wheel specification calculating means 81 and stored by the grinding wheel specification calculating means 82 immediately after the specifications inputted from the information input device 70 and immediately after the previous tooth surface dressing. wheels are based on the addendum modification coefficient (teeth perpendicular addendum modification coefficient) x _n2 and helix angle beta ₀₂ of the wheel 20, the Doresugia grindstone 20 for the tooth surface dress at the next tooth surface dress can be suitably engaged -Dress gear center distance a
_x and the axis crossing angle γ are calculated.

The dress state storage means 84, first adjusted grinding wheel before the tooth surface dress the grinding wheel 20 - stores the distance a _x and the axis crossing angle γ between the centers of Doresugia, grinding the tooth surface of the second or subsequent Before the dressing, the center distance a _x and the axis crossing angle γ calculated by the tooth surface dressing calculating means 81 are updated and stored.

The inner diameter dressing calculating means 85 calculates various parameters inputted from the information input device 70, the dislocation coefficient x _n2 and the twist angle β _{02 of} the grinding wheel 20 stored in the grinding wheel parameter storing means 82, and Based on the grinding wheel-dress gear center distance a _x stored in the dress state storage means 84, the inner diameter d _{k2 of the} grinding wheel 20 necessary for processing the work having the involute start diameter d _f1 is calculated, and the grinding wheel inner diameter d _k is calculated. The center distance Dc between the grindstone 20 and the dress ring for performing the inner diameter dressing to obtain _k2 is calculated.

The commanding means 86 is used to sequentially process a workpiece processing tooth surface dress, a workpiece processing inner diameter dress, and the same type of workpiece (a workpiece having the same number of teeth, a torsion angle, a dislocation coefficient, and an involute start diameter). In order to repeat these operations, the grindstone turning control means 87 is used during tooth dressing.
A command signal is output to the cut drive control means 88, and a command signal is output to the cut drive control means 88 when the inner diameter is dressed and when the workpiece is continuously processed.

The grinding wheel turning control means 87 controls the grinding wheel so as to obtain the axis crossing angle γ stored in the dress state storage means 82 when a command signal is input from the command means 86 during dressing of the tooth surface. The swing motor 40 is operated.

The cutting drive control means 88, together with the grinding wheel turning control means 87, constitutes a dress control means in the present invention, and receives a command signal from the command means 86 at the time of tooth surface dressing and at the time of continuous work processing. when entered, the grindstone is stored in the address state storage means 82 - Doresugia (grindstone - work) so that the center distance a _x can be obtained by controlling the driving of the infeed drive motor 44, when the inner diameter of dress When the command signal is input from the command means 86 to the cutting means, the drive of the cutting drive motor 44 is controlled so that the grindstone-dress ring center distance Dc calculated by the inner diameter dress calculating means 85 is obtained. is there.

Next, the grinding wheel 20 performed in this apparatus is used.
Will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIG. 6 and FIG. In addition, the basic meshing equations that are premised in the arithmetic operation described below are as shown in Table 1 below.

[0036]

[Table 1]

1) Teaching operation (Step S in FIG. 6)
1): After the whetstone 20 is replaced in the gear honing machine, the tooth surface of the whetstone 20 is dressed so that the A work (first work) can be processed using the whetstone 20. In order to perform the above, it is necessary to mesh a dressing gear for working A work (a first dressing gear having the same gear specifications as the work A) supported by the support device shown in FIG. To perform this meshing, the grinding stone 20
It is necessary to properly adjust the center distance a _xA and the axis crossing angle γ _A between the gear A and the dressing gear for work _A. In this embodiment, the first adjustment is performed manually by an operator. More specifically, the whetstone 20 is
The rotational position and the inclination of the grindstone 20 are manually adjusted so that the grindstone 20 can mesh with the grindstone 6, and the grindstone 20 is manually transferred in the cutting direction until there is no backlash between the grindstone 20 and the gear portion 48 of the work 46. . After the engagement adjustment is completed in this way, a teaching switch (not shown) provided on the information input device 70 is operated. By this switch operation, the distance a between the grindstone and the dress gear center at the time of the operation a
_xA and crossed axes angle gamma _A is inputted to the address state storage means 84, it is stored here.

2) Tooth surface dressing operation for A work (step S2): With the dress gear for A work and the grindstone 20 meshed as described above, the grindstone drive motor 2
4, the grindstone 20 is driven to rotate at a predetermined number of revolutions, and accordingly, the dressing gear for A work processing which is in pressure contact with the grindstone 20 also rotates.
Are dressed in a shape that allows the work A to be machined.

3) Grinding wheel specification calculation (step S3): After completion of the tooth surface dressing, the grinding wheel 2 changed by the tooth surface dressing.
Gear specifications of 0, that is, grinding wheel dislocation coefficient (teeth perpendicularity dislocation coefficient) x _n2A and torsion angle (pitch cylindrical torsion angle) β
_02A is calculated by the grinding wheel specification calculator 81 based on the respective specifications input from the information input device 70 and the center-to-center distance a _xA and the axis intersection angle γ _A stored in the dress state storage 84. .

The grinding wheel dislocation coefficient x _n2 and the torsion angle β ₀₂
Is as follows.

A) Principle of Calculation of Grinding Stone Torsion Angle β ₀₂ :
The following equation is obtained from Equation 14 in Table 1 above.

[0042]

(Equation 1)

By rearranging the equations by substituting the 12 equations in Table 1, the following is obtained.

[0044]

(Equation 2)

On the other hand, the following equation is obtained from Equation 15 in Table 1.

[0046]

(Equation 3)

By substituting (Equation 2) into (Equation 3), the following equation is obtained.

[0048]

(Equation 4)

By substituting equation (4) into the formula of the addition theorem of trigonometric function (tangent), the following equation is obtained.

[0050]

(Equation 5)

Here, C = tan (β _b1 −β _b2 ) (= tan
γ), and put the _{P = tanβ 01 · tanβ 02,} Q = tanβ 01 -tanβ 02, the following equation is obtained.

[0052]

(Equation 6)

By transforming equation (6), the following quadratic equation relating to (2a _x / m _n ) is obtained.

[0054]

(Equation 7)

By solving this quadratic equation and adopting only the effective solution, an equation relating to a _x can be obtained as follows.

[0056]

(Equation 8)

In equation (8), since all values other than β ₀₂ are given, the twist angle β ₀₂ can be obtained by searching for β ₀₂ that gives a _x in this equation. .

B) Principle of calculating the wheel dislocation coefficient x _n2 : The following equation is obtained by solving the eight equations in Table 1 for the wheel dislocation coefficient x _n2 .

[0059]

(Equation 9)

On the other hand, when the equation 10 in Table 1 is solved for α _bn , the following equation is obtained.

[0061]

(Equation 10)

When the equation 11 in Table 1 is solved for y, the following equation is obtained.

[0063]

[Equation 11]

By substituting y obtained from (Equation 11) into the above (Equation 10) and substituting α _bn obtained in the (Equation 10) into the above (Equation 9), the grinding wheel dislocation coefficient x _n2 Can be obtained.

4) Calculation operation for inner diameter dress (step S)
4): Grinding wheel dislocation coefficient x _n2A and torsion angle β _02A after dressing of the tooth surface for A work calculated by the grinding wheel specification calculation operation.
_A having the involute start diameter d _fA based on the center distance ax _A stored in the dress state storage means 84
A grindstone inner diameter d _k2 capable of processing the work is calculated, and a grindstone-dress ring center distance Dc for obtaining the grindstone inner diameter d _k2 is calculated.

The calculation principle of the above-mentioned grindstone inner diameter d _k2 is as follows. As shown in FIG. 8, in a state where the grindstone 20 and the work 46 are engaged with each other, the distance between the contact point P of the two and the grindstone center Og corresponds to 1/2 of the grindstone inner diameter _dk2 . The contact point P
Is the intersection of a circle Cf having a diameter of the involute outer diameter d _f1 and a straight line Lb which is a tangent to the work base circle Cg and has a tilt angle of the front _meshing pressure angle α _bs1 of the work 46, and the front _meshing pressure angle α _bs1 can be calculated from the equation 9 in Table 1 and the calculation result in the above-mentioned grinding wheel specification calculation operation. Here, the equations of the above-mentioned circle Cr and straight line Lb are as follows.

[0067]

(Equation 12)

(Equation 12) is a simultaneous equation relating to X and Y, and its solution is the coordinates of the contact point P. Here, when variables u, v, w as shown in (Equation 13) are introduced and substituted into the above (Equation 12), the simultaneous equations are solved, and only the effective solution is adopted, the X of the contact point P becomes (Equation 14) is obtained as an expression representing the coordinate x.

[0069]

(Equation 13)

[0070]

[Equation 14]

On the other hand, the intersection of the straight line connecting the contact point P and the workpiece center point Ow with the Y axis is expressed by the following equation.

[0072]

(Equation 15)

According to the Pythagorean theorem, the following equation holds.

[0074]

(Equation 16)

Therefore, by substituting (Equation 14) and (Equation 15) into (Equation 16), the inner diameter (diameter) d of the grindstone is obtained.
_k2 is obtained. Then, based on the inner diameter of the whetstone,
Dress ring center distance _{Dc = (d k2 -dr) /} 2 is calculated.

5) Inner diameter dressing operation (step S5): A dressing having an outer diameter d _f1 is mounted on the support device shown in FIG. 5 in place of the dressing gear for A work processing. Then, while the grindstone 20 is rotated by the grindstone drive motor 24, the cutting drive is performed so that the grindstone 20 is cut and fed to the dressing until the center distance between the dressing ring and the grindstone 20 reaches the value Dc. The control of the cutting drive motor 44 by the control means 88 is performed. Thus, the grindstone 20 is dressed inside diameter until its inside diameter becomes d _k2 .

6) Work A work (step S6): FIG.
The work A is mounted on the supporting device shown in FIG. 4 in place of the dress ring, and the same operation as the tooth surface dressing operation in step S2 is performed in the gear honing machine. That is, the operation of rotating the grindstone 20 is performed while the work A and the grindstone 20 are engaged with each other in the zero backlash state, whereby the tooth surface of the work A is processed by the grindstone 20. Such an operation is continuously performed for all the A works (NO in step S7), and when the processing of all the A works is completed (YES in step S7), the processing of the B work (second work) is performed. The stage is changed to a stage (step S8).

7) B Work Tooth Surface Dressing Calculation (Step S9 in FIG. 7): In this B work processing stage, the support device shown in FIG. 5 has a B work processing dress gear (having the same gear specifications as the B work). While the second dressing gear is mounted, the tooth surface dressing calculation means 83 calculates the grinding wheel specifications stored in the grinding wheel specification storage means 82 (that is, is calculated by the grinding wheel specification operation in step S3). Wheel dislocation coefficient x
_{Based on n2A} and the grinding wheel torsion angle β _02A ), the center distance a _xB and the axis crossing angle γ _{B of} the grinding wheel 20 for properly engaging the dressing gear for B work processing are calculated.

More specifically, the center-to-center distance a _xB is determined by the equivalent spur gear tooth numbers z _v1 and z _v2 given by the six equations in Table 1 and Table 8 above.
Table 10 shows the tooth right angle contact pressure angle α _bn given by the equation.
Into the equation, and the center distance increase coefficient y obtained by this
Is calculated by substituting into the equation (11). Also,
Crossed axes angle gamma _B is the pitch circle diameter d _01, d ₀₂ obtained by equation (12) in Table 1, and a working pitch circle diameter d _b1, d _b2 given in the table 14 Equation 15 Equation of the same table And the resulting mesh pitch cylindrical torsion angle β _b1 , β
It is calculated by substituting _b2 into the equation γ _B = β _b1 −β _b2 . The center distance a _xB and the axis crossing angle γ _B are stored in the dress state storage means 84.

8) Operation of grinding wheel turning motor (step S1)
0): grinding wheel turning control means 87 actuates the grinding wheel turning motor 40, the crossed axes angle between the B workpiece machining Doresugia and grindstone 20 tilts the grinding wheel 20 until meeting the above values gamma _B. As a result, the grindstone 20 and the dressing gear for B work processing are brought into a state in which they can be meshed.

9) Tooth surface dressing operation for work B (step S11): The tooth surface dressing for work B is executed in the same manner as the operation for dressing the tooth surface for work A in step S2. That is, by the operation of the cut motor 44, the grindstone 20 and the B-center distance between the workpiece machining Doresugia is transported grindstone 20 until the value a _xB is the cutting direction, with these grindstone 20 and B workpiece machining Doresugia When the grindstone 20 is rotationally driven in a state in which is meshed, the tooth surface of the grindstone 20 is dressed in a shape that can be machined with the B work. If the dress amount at this time is δd,
Dress value obtained by adding this dress amount δd to the value a _xB as the center-to-center distance a _xB immediately after the tooth surface dress state storage means 84
Is updated and stored.

10) Grinding wheel specification calculation operation (step S1)
2): After the tooth surface dressing, based on the center distance a _xB and the axis crossing angle γ _B immediately after the dressing, the dislocation coefficient x _n2B and the twist angle β _{02B of the} grindstone 20 are newly calculated in the same manner as in step S3. Then, these values are newly stored in the grinding wheel specification storage means 82 as the current grinding wheel specification.

After the grinding wheel specification calculation operation, the A work machining inner diameter dress calculation operation, the A work machining inner diameter dress operation, and the A work continuous machining operation performed in steps S4 to S6 are performed in the steps B4 to S6. The same operation is performed on the work (steps S13 to S15). When all of the B work has been processed (YES in step S16), the stage is switched to the C work processing stage (step S17). Less than,
By repeating the above operation, a plurality of types of workpieces (A workpiece, B workpiece,
Work) is automatically performed.

In the course of these works, the grinding stone 20
When a dressing dressing request is input for reasons such as a lack of sharpness, the work processing operation is temporarily suspended, and the tooth surface dressing operation shown in steps S2 and S11 and the grindstone shown in steps S3 and S12 are performed. The specification operation, the inner diameter dress calculation operation and the inner diameter dress operation shown in steps S4 to S5 and S13 to S14 are performed temporarily.

According to the above-described method and apparatus, once the tooth surface dressing for the A work is once performed in step S1, the grinding wheel specification calculation operation based on the dress state and the calculated grinding wheel specification are performed. (I.e., the operation of calculating the tooth surface dressing based on the wheel transfer coefficient x _n2 and the wheel torsion angle β ₀₂ ) (i.e., the operation of calculating the work-dress gear center distance a _x and the axis crossing angle γ for processing the next work). Are alternately performed, so that the dressing gear can be automatically engaged with the grindstone 20 by using the calculation result of the calculation operation for the tooth surface dressing at the time of the tooth surface dressing, and the tooth surface dressing operation can be started. Therefore, the burden on the operator can be greatly reduced as compared to the case where the distance between the grinding wheel and the dress gear center and the axis crossing angle are manually adjusted every time the tooth flanks are dressed as in the related art, and a single grinding wheel can be used. The work processing efficiency and processing accuracy of the work 20 can be dramatically improved.

Further, in this embodiment, after dressing the tooth surface,
Before performing the internal diameter dress by dress ring, based on the grindstone specifications arithmetic operation and the operation result of the computation operation for tooth surface dress, compatible grindstone inner diameter d _k2 and the grindstone inner diameter d _k2 in the work involute starting diameter d _f1 Since the distance Dc between the grindstone and the center of the dressing to be obtained is calculated, it is possible to automate not only the above-mentioned tooth surface dressing operation but also the inner diameter dressing operation. This inner diameter dressing operation can be omitted if high precision is not required for the work involute start diameter d _k2 .

The present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, but may take the following forms as examples.

(1) In the above embodiment, the internal gear-shaped grindstone 20
Is dressed with an external gear-shaped dress gear.
In the present invention, the tooth surface of the external gear-shaped grindstone is dressed with an internal gear-shaped dress gear, and the internal gear-shaped work is formed using the grindstone. The present invention is also applicable to those which process. In this case, in the calculation operation for the inner diameter dress, the outer diameter of the grindstone may be calculated as the tip diameter of the grindstone, and the outer diameter surface of the grindstone may be ground by the grindstone.

(2) When performing the above inner diameter dress or outer diameter dress, regardless of the specific means for performing the dress, in addition to the dress ring shown in the above embodiment, a small piece-shaped grindstone is applied to the tooth tip surface. You may make it press-contact.

[0090]

As described above, according to the present invention, after the first dressing gear having the same gear specifications as the first workpiece is meshed with the above-mentioned grindstone and dressed, the first dressing gear immediately after the tooth surface dressing is formed. The wheel specifications (transposition coefficient) of the grinding wheel changed by the tooth surface dress based on the center distance and the axis crossing angle between the dressing gear and the grinding wheel, the gear specifications of the first workpiece, and the number of teeth of the grinding wheel. And torsion angle etc.)
The second dressing gear for meshing the second dressing gear having the same gear specifications as the second workpiece to be processed next based on the calculated wheel specifications of the grinding wheel with the grinding wheel. A tooth surface dressing operation for calculating the center-to-center distance to the grinding wheel and the axis crossing angle, and when the grinding wheel tooth surface is dressed by the second dressing gear, the center calculated by the tooth surface dressing operation. Using the distance and the axis crossing angle, the second
The dressing gear is meshed with the grindstone to perform the tooth frustum dressing operation, so that the grindstone-dress gear center distance and the axis crossing angle are manually adjusted every time the flaw dressing is performed as in the related art. In this case, the burden on the operator can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where the work is performed, and there is an effect that the work processing efficiency and the processing accuracy by a single grindstone can be drastically improved.

In addition, as in the method according to the second aspect, the grinding wheel specification calculation operation, the tooth surface dress calculation operation,
By repeating the above-described tooth surface dressing operation in this order, there is an effect that three or more types of workpieces can be processed by a single grindstone and the tooth surface dressing operation for this processing can be smoothly performed.

Further, the method according to claim 3 and the method according to claim 5
In the apparatus described above, after the above-mentioned grinding wheel specification calculation operation, the first wheel wheel based on the gear specification of the grinding wheel, the distance between the grinding wheel and the dress gear center calculated in this grinding wheel specification calculation operation, and the involute start diameter of the work tooth surface. The wheel tip diameter required for machining the workpiece is calculated, and the tip surface of the grinding stone is dressed based on the wheel tip diameter. , The tip of the grindstone tooth can be automatically dressed by an amount suitable for the involute start diameter of the work, and the working efficiency can be further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of an information input device and a control device provided in a gear honing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the gear honing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the gear honing apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a grindstone and a work are meshed in the gear honing apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a work supporting device provided in the gear honing apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a part of a flowchart showing an arithmetic control operation performed by the control device.

FIG. 7 is a part of a flowchart showing an arithmetic control operation performed by the control device.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship of each item in a state where a grindstone and a work mesh with each other in the gear honing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 20 grinding wheel 24 grinding wheel drive motor 38 axis crossing angle adjustment device 44 cutting drive motor (distance adjustment means) 46 work 48 gear part 70 information input device 80 control device 81 grinding wheel specification calculation means 82 grinding stone specification storage means 83 tooth surface dress Calculation means 84 Dress state storage means 85 Calculation means for inner diameter dress (calculation means for tooth tip dress) 87 Grinding stone turning control means (tooth face dress control means) 88 Cutting drive control means (tooth face dress control means and tooth tip dress) Control means)

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshihiro Teramoto 3-1 Shinchi, Fuchu-cho, Aki-gun, Hiroshima Prefecture Inside Mazda Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-7-237036 (JP, A) JP-A-60-127919 ( JP, A) JP-A-3-239474 (JP, A) JP-A-4-63327 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23F 19/05 B23F 19/00 B24B 53/075 B24B 53/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A gear honing for machining tooth surfaces of a plurality of types of gear-shaped workpieces having at least one of a number of teeth, a torsion angle, and a dislocation coefficient different from each other with a single grindstone meshing with these workpieces. A dress control method for a grindstone in a processing apparatus, wherein a first dressing gear having common gear specifications with a first workpiece is meshed with the grindstone and both are rotated to dress a tooth surface of the grindstone. Then, based on the center-to-center distance and axis crossing angle between the dressing gear and the grinding wheel immediately after the tooth surface dressing, the gear specifications of the first work, and the number of teeth of the grinding wheel, the grinding wheel changed by the tooth surface dressing. A grinding wheel specification calculation operation for calculating the gear specifications of the above, and a second dressing gear having the same gear specifications as a second work to be processed next based on the calculated grinding wheel gear specifications are described above. This for meshing with the whetstone A tooth surface dressing calculation operation for calculating a center distance and an axis crossing angle between the second dressing gear and the grindstone, and after the processing of the first work and before the processing of the second work, The second dressing gear meshes with a grindstone using the center distance and the axis crossing angle calculated in the above-described tooth surface dressing calculation operation, and performs a tooth surface dressing operation of dressing the tooth surface of the grinding stone. A dress control method for a grindstone in a gear honing apparatus. 2. The method for controlling dressing of a grindstone in a gear honing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second workpiece and the second dressing gear are respectively formed after the tooth surface dressing by the second dressing gear. A grinding wheel in a gear honing machine characterized by repeating the grinding wheel specification calculation operation, the tooth surface dressing operation, and the tooth surface dressing operation as a first work and a first dressing gear in this order. Dress control method. 3. A method for controlling dressing of a grindstone in a gear honing machine according to claim 1, wherein the grindstone specification calculation operation is performed before machining the first work.
The gear specifications of the grinding wheel calculated by this grinding wheel specification calculation operation,
Grinding stone teeth required for machining the first work based on the center-to-center distance between the grinding wheel after tooth dressing by the first dress gear and the first dress gear and the involute start diameter of the work tooth surface. A dress control method for a grindstone in a gear honing apparatus, comprising calculating a tip diameter and dressing a tooth tip surface of the grindstone before machining the first workpiece based on the grindstone tip diameter. 4. A gear honing for machining tooth surfaces of a plurality of types of gear-shaped workpieces having at least one of a number of teeth, a torsion angle, and a dislocation coefficient different from each other with a single grindstone meshing with these workpieces. A grindstone dressing control device in a processing device, wherein information input means for inputting information on gear specifications of the work, a center distance between the grindstone and the work, and a gear specification common to the grindstone and the work. Distance adjusting means for adjusting the center distance with the dressing gear having
An axis crossing angle adjusting means for adjusting an axis crossing angle between the grindstone and the work and an axis crossing angle between the grindstone and the dressing gear; and a first dressing gear having common gear specifications with the first work. The center-to-center distance and axis crossing angle between the first dressing gear and the grindstone immediately after the tooth surface of the grindstone is dressed by meshing, the gear data of the work inputted by the information input means, and the number of teeth of the grindstone Based on the above-mentioned tooth surface dress, a grinding wheel specification calculating means for calculating the gear specifications of the grinding wheel, and a gear specification common to the second workpiece to be subsequently processed based on the calculated grinding wheel gear specifications. Tooth surface dressing calculating means for calculating the center distance and the axis crossing angle between the second dressing gear and the grinding wheel for meshing the original second dressing gear with the grinding wheel, and the tooth surface dressing Distance and axis intersection angle calculated by the calculation unit The distance adjustment is performed so as to adjust the center-to-center distance and the axis crossing angle between the second dressing gear and the grindstone when the grindstone is dressed by the second dressing gear after the first workpiece processing based on the first workpiece. Means for controlling the operation of a shaft crossing angle adjusting means and a tooth flanks dressing control means. 5. The dressing control device for a grindstone in the gear honing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the gear specifications of the grindstone calculated by the grindstone specification calculating means and the tooth dressing by the first dressing gear are used. A tip surface dressing calculating means for calculating a grindstone tooth tip diameter necessary for processing the first work based on a center distance between the whetstone and the first dressing gear and an involute start diameter of the work tooth surface; In addition, at the time of dressing the tooth tip after the grinding wheel specification calculation operation and before processing the first work, the tooth for the grinding stone is calculated based on the grinding wheel tip diameter calculated by the tooth tip dressing calculation means. A dressing control device for a grindstone in a gear honing apparatus, comprising: a dressing control device for adjusting a relative position of the dressing wheel.