JP3022036B2 - Rail manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a guide rail used for a guide device of, for example, a machine tool, a robot, a medical device, and the like, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a curved rail forming a curved track.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, rails provided to guide devices of this kind, such as robots and medical equipment, generally have a special sectional shape, for example, the shape shown in FIG. When molding a linear rail, when a linear rail is bent by a bending roll, the cross-sectional shape is greatly deformed, wrinkles occur on the side surface, directly affecting the positioning accuracy of traveling equipment, etc. There is a problem that the correction is extremely time-consuming, and for this reason, there has been taken a method of shaving from a round bar. In other words, rails are required to have high wear resistance due to their properties, and are manufactured from special steel with excellent wear resistance.Therefore, generally only round bars are available. Was welded into a ring shape corresponding to the radius of curvature, rolled and rolled, and then cut by an NC lathe to cut and form a curved rail.

[0003]

However, the conventional means for shaving from a round bar has a problem that it requires a lot of man-hours, and the yield of the material is poor, so that it is extremely inefficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is intended to manufacture a rail in which a curved rail can be easily manufactured by using a conventional linear rail extruder. it is an object to provide a method and production equipment.

[0005]

To achieve the above object, according to the Invention The, in the present invention, linearly extruded while molding the workpiece through a die rail of a predetermined cross-sectional shape, the rail
To prevent rail runout.
The straightening roll to be stopped is brought into contact with it and extruded
Pressing means provided at a position separated from the die by a predetermined distance from the linear portion of the rail, and bend the contact part
The present invention is characterized in that a linear part is continuously plastically deformed into a curved shape by giving a predetermined feed amount in the direction, thereby forming a curved rail.

Further, by controlling the feed amount of the abutting portion of the pressing means to the linear portion extruded from the die, a force for plastically deforming the linear portion into a curved shape is selectively applied. A straight rail and a curved rail are continuously formed.

[0007] The pressing means is provided at a position separated by a predetermined distance L from the center of the molding die hole of the die toward the outlet side so as to be able to advance and retreat in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the linear rail is pushed out, By giving the bending roll a feed amount H obtained from a relational expression of H (2R−H) = L ² ,
A straight rail can be bent to a radius of curvature R.

In addition, a plurality of bending rolls are provided at different distances from the center of the forming hole toward the outlet side to form curved portions having different radii of curvature.

Further, the rail manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes an extrusion molding apparatus for plastically deforming a work into a linear rail having a predetermined cross-sectional shape through a die, and intersecting the bending direction of the rail.
Abut on the rail at the insertion position to prevent rail runout
A straightening roll, and a bending roll mechanism, which is provided at a position separated by a predetermined distance from the die to an outlet side and has a bending roll that can advance and retreat in a direction orthogonal to a direction in which the linear rail is pushed out. It is characterized by becoming.

The bending roll of this rail manufacturing apparatus is disposed at a position separated by a predetermined distance L from the center of the die hole of the die toward the outlet side, and the bending roll is provided with H (2R−H) = L ² . By giving the feed amount H obtained from the relational expression,
A straight rail can be bent to a radius of curvature R.

In addition, a plurality of bending rolls are provided at different distances from the center of the forming hole toward the outlet side to form curved portions having different radii of curvature.

[0012]

According to the present invention, it is extruded from a die.
A straightening roll abuts the rail to prevent rail runout
At the same time, by applying a predetermined amount of feed from the lateral direction to the contact portion of the pressing means on the linear portion of the rail , a bending moment acts on the linear portion, and the linear portion is continuously curved. The curved rail is formed by plastic deformation.

By controlling the feed amount of the abutting portion of the pressing means, a force can be selectively applied so that the linear portion is plastically deformed in a curved shape. Is formed, and in a portion where no force is applied, the linear portion is continuously extruded as it is to form a linear rail.

In addition, H (2R−H) = L is applied to the bending roll.
By giving the feed amount H obtained from the relational expression ( ² ) and by modifying the feed amount H under various conditions, a highly accurate curved rail can be produced.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the entire rail manufacturing apparatus 1, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the same. The rail manufacturing apparatus 1 includes an extruder 2, a bending roll position controller 6, and a guide roll device 28.

The extrusion molding device 2 is a conventionally known one. The extrusion molding device 2 is composed of an extrusion device 3 and a die holder 4.
Such as a round bar having a predetermined diameter extruded by
A die 5 having a mold hole 5a for forming a linear rail W having a sectional shape shown in FIG. 6, for example, in alignment with the extrusion center line C of the die is detachably mounted. On the outlet side of the die holder 4 provided in this way, a bending roll position control device 6 and a guide roller device 28 constituting a pressing means are disposed.

This bending roll position control device 6 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the control device 6 comprises a lateral bending prevention mechanism 13 and a bending roll mechanism 21. The machine frame 7 of the control device 6 includes a substrate 8 attached to the exit side of the die holder 4, right and left side plates 9, and upper and lower plates 10. The frame is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and the substrate 8
Is provided with a hole 11 through which the linear rail W is inserted. At the center of the left and right side plates 9 on the substrate 8 side, a substantially rectangular window 12 is opened correspondingly, and between the windows 12 is prevented the laterally extruded linear partial rail W from bending in the left-right direction. A mechanism 13 is provided so that the position can be adjusted right and left.

The prevention mechanism 13 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape by the upper and lower frames 15 and the left and right vertical frames 16 so as to be inserted into the window 12.
A shaft pin 17 is detachably attached at a predetermined interval between the upper and lower frames 15 of the frame body 14, and the coaxial pin 17 has a predetermined diameter and is linearly extruded from the die 5. A straightening roll 18 for straightening the rail W in the left-right direction is pivotally mounted. The frame 14 thus formed is inserted into the window 12, and the window 1 is provided on the left and right sides of the substrate 8.
An abutment 19 is removably mounted in correspondence with 2, and a central portion of the abutment 19 abuts against the left and right vertical frames 16 of the frame body 14 to push out the center between the correction rolls 18 and the linear rail W. An adjustment bolt 20 for adjusting the center C is screwed so as to be able to advance and retreat.

A bending roll mechanism is disposed at a predetermined position of the left and right side plates 9 of the machine frame 7, that is, at a position C2 which is separated from the position of the center C1 of the molding die hole 5a of the die 5 by a predetermined distance L. Have been. Adjustment holes 22 for controlling the position of the bending rolls 23 are vertically formed in the left and right side plates 9 at the position C2 at the distance L, and the bending rolls 23 are vertically moved through the adjustment holes 22. It is operably mounted.

[0020] The bending roller 23 has its outer periphery is formed in a groove shape to follow one side of the linear rail W, the bending roll 23 is moved up and down housed between the left and right side plate 9 of the machine frame 7 A substantially U-shaped support member 24 is rotatably pivotally connected via a shaft 25, and the coaxial 25 is slidably fitted in the adjustment hole 22. The upper end of a feed screw rod 26 that gives a predetermined feed amount H to the bending roll 23 in the vertical direction at a position aligned with the position C2 at the center of the lower plate 10 is pivotally mounted, and the feed screw rod 26 bends at the position C2. The linear rail W is formed to have a predetermined radius of curvature R by giving the illustrated feed amount H to the roll 23 from the center line C of the extrusion of the linear rail W. The feed amount H is determined by a feed amount detecting device 27 attached to the side of the adjustment hole 22, for example, by the shaft 25.
It is provided so as to detect the movement of the center position of and to digitally display.

In FIG. 4, the feed amount H for the bending roll 23 is obtained from the relational expression of H (2R−H) = L ² with respect to the radius R of curvature of the linear rail W extruded. Bending roll 23
To the feed amount H. Note that the feed amount H is a theoretical value, and is corrected at the time of trial production in accordance with a material to be molded, a temperature, and the like.

A guide plate 29 of a guide roll device 28 is erected on one side of the bending roll position control device 6 provided as described above, and a guide roll support plate is provided between the guide plate 29 and the machine frame 7. A plurality of guide rolls 30 are provided so as to be rotatable about a shaft 25 along a guide plate 29. The roll support plate 30 includes a plurality of guide rolls for preventing the curved rail WR having a curvature given by the bending rolls 23 from being deformed by its own weight. 31 is rotatably mounted in the same line as the bending roll 23. In addition, this guide roll 3
Although not shown, 1 is provided so that its position can be changed according to the radius of curvature R of the curved rail WR, and the roll support plate 30 is provided so as to be rotatable about the shaft 25 based on the radius of curvature R. The support device 32 is provided so that the position can be adjusted.

In order to form the curved rail WR by the curvature rail forming apparatus 1 provided as described above, first, the feed amount H of the bending roll 23 with respect to the radius of curvature R of the curved rail WR to be bent and formed is determined by: Formula H (2R-H) =
L ² , the bending roll ² of the bending roll mechanism 21
3 is given a feed amount H by a feed screw rod 26 via a feed amount detecting device 27 and is digitally displayed. Thereafter, a bar steel having a predetermined diameter, that is, a diameter corresponding to the cross section of the linear rail W, is extruded by the extrusion molding apparatus 2 at the same extrusion pressure as that at the time of forming the linear rail W, approximately 2,000 to 4,000 kg / cm.
^{By 2,} it is pushed into the die 5 and plastically deforms into a linear rail W. The die 5 is extruded from the exit side as a linear rail W into a predetermined shape. The temperature of the extruded linear rail W is approximately 40 to 80 ° C. and approximately 1.5 to 1.5 ° C.
Extruded at 5.0 m / min. In this state, the straight rail W is straightly extruded while being prevented from bending in the left-right direction by the straightening roll 18, and is provided at a position C2 separated by a predetermined distance L from the position of the forming center C1 of the die 5. When it reaches the bending roll 23, it is guided while being guided by the bending roll 23, and is bent substantially to the radius of curvature R. The bending to the radius of curvature R is represented by the equation H (2R−H) from FIG.
= Where understood by L ^2, the radius of curvature R at the bent early stage is measured, it is thereby feed amount H is corrected, continuously curved rail WR This corrective feeding amount H
While being molded into, the curved rail WR is transferred is guided held by the guide roll 3 1 provided in the guide roll support plate 29.

As described above, a steel bar having a predetermined diameter is pushed into a die 5 having a predetermined forming die hole 5a by an extruding device 3 of an extruding device 2 for extruding a normal linear rail W. At a position C2 at a predetermined distance L from the center C1 of the hole 5a to the outlet side, a bending roll mechanism 21 having a bending roll 23 is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat in a vertical direction perpendicular to the direction in which the linear rail W is pushed out. By giving the feed amount H obtained from the relational expression of H (2R−H) = L ^{2 to} the bending roll 23,
Since the straight rail W can be bent to a radius of curvature R, the straight rail W has a required radius of curvature R by attaching a bending roll position control device 6 having a very simple configuration to the manufacturing apparatus of the linear rail W. The curvilinear rail WR can be efficiently and continuously produced, and the straight rail W
Can be largely deformed when bent by a bending roll, and problems such as generation of wrinkles on the side surface can be eliminated, and the dimensional accuracy of the cross-sectional shape can be kept within ± 0.1 or less. Also, the accuracy of the radius of curvature R is ± 0.1 to
It can be kept in the range of ± 0.3, and the material yield becomes good.

In the above embodiment, the bending roll 2
3 is modified, but the present invention is not limited to this. In addition to the bending roll 23, for example, a first guide roll 31a is provided so as to be movable and can be bent.
It is also possible to configure so as to correct the radius of curvature R in cooperation with the third embodiment.

Further, the straight rail W
When the lateral force applied to the rails is selectively applied, the linear rail W and the curved rail WR can be continuously formed. That is, if the bending roll 23 is retracted until the displacement amount of the linear rail W is not plastically deformed, the linear rail W is extruded while being linear without plastic deformation. The retreat position of the bending roll 23 is appropriately selected such as the extruder and the horizontal position. Of course, when plastic deformation is not performed, only the linear rail W can be formed.

FIG. 5 schematically shows another embodiment of the present invention.

The same components as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and described. In this embodiment,
The rail manufacturing apparatus includes an extrusion molding apparatus 2 that plastically deforms a workpiece 100 through a die 5 into a linear rail W having a predetermined cross-sectional shape, and a predetermined distance L from the die 5 to an exit side.
1, L2, and a bending roll 2 that can move up and down in the vertical direction perpendicular to the direction in which the linear rail W is extruded.
Bending roll mechanisms 211 and 2 having 31 and 232
12 is provided.

The extruder 2 includes a die 5 and an extruder 3 for clamping the work 100 and extruding the work 100 through the mold hole 5a of the die 5. In this embodiment, for example, the die 5 is used as an arcuate curved guide rail for a bearing body as shown in FIG. 6 (b). Plastic deformation.

The extruding device 3 is linearly reciprocated in the extruding direction by a predetermined stroke by a driving means (not shown). The extruding device 3 clamps the work 100 and moves forward to push the work 100 into the die 5, and thereafter, a hydraulic wedge, etc. The chuck 100 is moved backward after the chuck is opened, further moved after chucking.

The plurality of bending roll mechanisms 211 and 212 include:
In this embodiment, the first bending roll 231 which is provided at two locations and is closer to the die 5 is used when forming a curved rail having a small radius of curvature R1 and the second bending roll 232 which is far from the die 5 has a radius of curvature. Is used when forming a curved rail having a large diameter R2.

The first and second bending rolls 231 and 232
Are rotatably supported by a jig table via bearings. The shape of the first and second bending rolls 231 and 232 is formed with a groove according to the shape of one side of the rail. These first and second bending rolls 231 and 232 are selectively used and do not simultaneously contact the rail.

A straightening roll 18 is provided between the die 5 and the first bending roll 231 to prevent the workpiece from swaying.

The procedure for forming a curved rail using the first and second bending rolls 231 and 232 is exactly the same as in the above embodiment.

The first and second bending rolls 231 and 23
In either case, the linear rail W and the curved rail WR are continuously formed by selectively applying a lateral force applied to the linear rail W extruded from the die 5. can do.

The first and second bending rolls 231 and 23
2 can be continuously applied to form curved rails having different curvatures continuously, or a plurality of curved rails and straight rails having different curvatures can be continuously formed. It is possible.

In each of the above embodiments, the case of bending into an arc shape has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to the arc shape, but may be formed into various curved shapes such as an elliptical shape and a waveform.
In the present application, the rail as a product is bent.
The direction may be either horizontal or vertical.

[0038]

According to the present invention, the rails work as described above
As well as straightening rolls on the rails
A configuration in which the rail is prevented from swinging by contacting the rail, and a predetermined amount of feed is given to the abutting portion of the pressing means with respect to the extruded portion of the rail so that the rail is plastically deformed in a curved shape. Therefore, a curved rail can be formed with a simple configuration.

Further, by selectively applying a lateral force, it is possible to form both a straight rail and a curved rail, and the straight rail and the curved rail are continuous. Rails can also be easily formed.

Further, H (2R−H) = L is applied to the bending roll.
By giving the feed amount H obtained from the relational expression ( ² ) and by modifying the feed amount H according to each condition, a curved rail having a highly accurate curvature can be produced.

By attaching a bending roll position control device having a very simple structure to a linear rail extrusion device,
It is possible to efficiently and continuously produce rails having the required radius of curvature, and to prevent the linear rails from being greatly deformed in cross-section when bent with bending rolls, and the occurrence of wrinkles on the side surfaces. Can be eliminated. Further, the accuracy of the radius of curvature is high, and the yield of the material is good.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a rail manufacturing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the rail manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a bending roll position control device.

FIG. 4 is a relationship diagram of the equation H (2R−H) = L ² .

5 shows a rail manufacturing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic plan view, FIG. 5 (b) is a schematic side view, and FIG. It is a top view of a bending roll.

6 (a) is a perspective view of a rail of a general linear guide device, and FIG. 6 (b) is a perspective view of a rail of an arcuate guide device.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rail manufacturing apparatus 2 Extrusion molding apparatus 3 Die 5 Die 5a Mold hole 6 Bending roll position control apparatus 21,211,212 Bending roll mechanism 23,231,232 Bending roll L, L1, L2 Die forming die hole and bending roll Distance between R radius of curvature H Feed amount of bending roll

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP 3-56804 (JP, B2) JP 3-67764 (JP, B2) Jikken 47-7396 (JP, Y2) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B21D 7/08 B21C 23/00 B21C 23/12

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A work is formed into a rail having a predetermined cross-sectional shape through a die and linearly extruded, and a straightening roll provided at a position intersecting with a bending direction of the rail to prevent run-out of the rail is brought into contact with the work. By pressing a pressing means provided at a position separated from the die by a predetermined distance to the linear portion of the rail to be provided, and giving a predetermined amount of feed in the bending direction to the contact portion, the linear portion is formed. A method for manufacturing a rail, comprising forming a curved rail by plastically deforming the rail continuously. 2. A force for selectively plastically deforming the linear portion in a curved manner by controlling the feed amount of the contact portion of the pressing means to the linear portion extruded from the die. The method for manufacturing a rail according to claim 1, wherein the linear rail and the curved rail are continuously formed. 3. The pressing means is provided at a position separated by a predetermined distance L from the center of a molding die hole of the die to an outlet side in a direction orthogonal to a direction in which the linear rail is pushed out, and the pressing means is provided. By giving the bending roll a feed amount H obtained from a relational expression of H (2R−H) = L ² ,
3. The method for manufacturing a rail according to claim 1, wherein the linear rail is bendable to a radius of curvature R. 4. The rail according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of bending rolls are provided at positions separated by different distances from the center of the forming hole toward the outlet side to form curved portions having different radii of curvature. Production method. 5. An extruder for plastically deforming a workpiece into a linear rail having a predetermined cross-sectional shape through a die, and a straightening roll for abutting the rail at a position intersecting with the bending direction of the rail to prevent run-out of the rail. And a bending roll mechanism that is disposed at a position separated by a predetermined distance from the die to the outlet side and has a bending roll that can advance and retreat in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the linear rail is pushed out. An apparatus for manufacturing a rail, comprising: 6. The bending roll is disposed at a position separated by a predetermined distance L from the center of the die hole of the die toward the outlet side, and the bending roll is provided with a relational expression of H (2R−H) = L ^2. By giving the required feed amount H,
The rail manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the linear rail can be bent to a curvature radius (R). 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of bending rolls are provided at positions separated by different distances from the center of the forming hole toward the outlet side, and the curved portions having different radii of curvature are formed. Rail manufacturing equipment.