JP3012813B2 - Electric point machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric switch used for railroad turnover.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional electric point machine, a rotating speed of a motor is decelerated by a decelerating drive system combining various gears, and a rotating operation after the deceleration is converted into a reciprocating operation, so that a turnout of a railway line is reduced. Switching.

The driving force generated by the motor is transmitted to a deceleration drive system by a friction plate type clutch or a magnetic coupling type clutch. As shown in FIG. 6, in the magnetic coupling type clutch, a drive side coupling plate 201 attached to a motor shaft side and a driven side coupling plate 202 attached to an output shaft to a deceleration drive system are close to each other. And facing each other.

A plurality of permanent magnets 203 are attached to the drive-side coupling plate 201 in a ring shape such that adjacent magnets 203a have different polarities. on the other hand,
A hysteresis magnetization plate 204 that is magnetized by magnetism from a permanent magnet provided on the drive coupling plate 201 is attached to the driven coupling plate 202.

A magnetic pole is generated on the hysteresis magnetization plate 204 of the driven coupling plate 202 by a magnetic field from the permanent magnet 203 of the drive coupling plate 201. When the angular displacement between the magnetic pole on the drive side coupling plate 201 side and the magnetic pole generated on the driven side coupling plate 202 side is 0 degree,
The torque for rotating the driven-side coupling plate 202 is zero.

When the drive side coupling plate 201 rotates,
When a slip occurs between the driven-side coupling plate 202 and the driven-side coupling plate 202, an angle difference (phase difference) between a magnetic pole of the driven-side coupling plate 201 and a magnetic pole generated in the driven-side coupling plate 202 is generated.
Occurs. As a result, the attractive force between the magnetic poles acts obliquely according to the angle difference, and a torque for rotating the driven side is generated.

[0007] Then, the maximum torque is generated in the state of the maximum phase difference, and thereafter, the driven-side coupling plate 202 rotates while slipping while maintaining the maximum phase difference.

As described above, in the combination of the permanent magnet and the hysteresis magnet, the drive-side coupling plate 201
A magnetic pole is generated on the driven side coupling plate 202 side by magnetism from the motor, so that the maximum phase difference is maintained between the magnetic poles regardless of the degree of slip, and the deceleration drive system can be operated with a constant torque. .

[0009]

In recent years, trains have tended to operate at higher speeds.
The number is increasing, and it is required to increase the conversion power of the electric point machine. However, in a conventional electric pointing machine that transmits power by a magnetic coupling that combines a permanent magnet and a hysteresis magnet, the magnetic flux density in the gap between the permanent magnet and the hysteresis magnet cannot be increased to a certain degree or more. Therefore, there is a problem that a large torque cannot be transmitted to the deceleration drive system.

If the outer diameter of the ring constituted by the permanent magnet and the hysteresis magnetized material is increased, the torque can be increased, but the inertia increases by that amount, and various mechanisms are used when starting and stopping the electric switch. A large impact force is applied to the system, and it is necessary to increase the strength of each part.

Further, since heat is generated by slippage between the permanent magnet side and the hysteresis magnetized plate side, the state in which the clutch slips cannot be continued for a long time, and complicated control such as monitoring the slip time is required.

For this reason, a friction plate type clutch is used in a branching device requiring a large conversion force, but in the case of a friction plate type, periodic maintenance is required because the torque fluctuates due to temperature changes in summer and winter. . In addition, there is a problem that periodic replacement of the lubricating oil and the worn clutch plate must be performed, and there is a problem in that the number of steps required for maintenance of the electric switch is increased.

Further, if a magnetic coupling type clutch is constructed by combining permanent magnets, a large torque can be obtained. However, since the positions of the magnetic poles are fixed on both clutch plates, the clutch slips. In this case, the phase difference between the magnetic poles fluctuates, resulting in pulsating torque. For this reason, there has been a problem that each mechanism of the electric pointing machine vibrates, generating loud noise.

On the other hand, if the number of magnetic poles of each clutch plate is extremely increased, vibration can be reduced. However, it is difficult to manufacture such a clutch plate on which a large number of permanent magnets are arranged, and this leads to an increase in price. There was a problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-manufacture electric switch capable of transmitting a large torque by a magnetic coupling. And

[0016]

The gist of the present invention to achieve the above object lies in the following invention. [1] Electric point switch used for railroad branch conversion (10)
, A motor (11) that generates a driving force for conversion
0) and the motor shaft (11) of the motor (110).
A drive magnetic coupling unit (120) provided on one end side of 1) for transmitting a driving force of the motor (110) to a deceleration drive system (30) of the electric pointing machine (10); The motor (11) is provided on the other end side of the motor (111).
A motor unit (20) in which the position holding magnetic coupling unit (150) for holding the position of the deceleration drive system (30) during the pause of 0) is housed in the same casing (100); The magnetic coupling part (120) has an annular steel plate (133a, 1
A first power transmission member (130) in which a ring-shaped permanent magnet (132) is fitted around the outer periphery of 33b) to form a magnetic pole at the tip of each tooth profile, and inside the first power transmission member (130). The ring-shaped permanent magnet (1) is inserted inside a ring-shaped steel plate (141) that is inserted and that is opposed to the tooth profile of the first power transmission member (130) in the vicinity of the tooth profile.
42), and a second power transmission member (140) in which the tip of each tooth profile is magnetized by fitting the one of the first and second power transmission members (130, 140). Attach to the motor shaft (111) and the other to the motor shaft (1).
11) is attached to an output shaft (22) having the same rotation center as that of the output shaft (22). An electric point machine (10) for transmitting to (30).

The present invention operates as follows. An annular steel plate (133a, 133) having a number of teeth formed on the inner circumference
By fitting a ring-shaped permanent magnet (132) on the outer circumference of b), each tip of a large number of teeth present on the inner circumference of the first power transmission member (130) is magnetically polarized. Also,
Second power transmission member (130) inserted inside
Of the first power transmission member (1).
A plurality of tooth profiles that are close to and opposed to the tooth profile of (30) are provided with an annular steel plate (141) provided on the outer periphery thereof, and a ring-shaped permanent magnet (142) is fitted inside the annular steel plate (141). The magnetic field from the permanent magnet (142) fitted inside turns each tip of a large number of teeth present on the outer periphery into a magnetic pole.

Thus, the permanent magnets (132, 142)
An annular steel material (133a, 1
33b, 141), each permanent magnet (13
2, 142), the magnetic coupling part (120) having a large number of magnetic poles can be easily manufactured.

Also, since the magnets are magnetically coupled to each other, the torque that can be transmitted is large, and the driving force of the motor (110) is transmitted to the deceleration drive system (30) by the attraction force of a large number of magnetic poles. And vibration and noise can be reduced.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the electric pointing machine 10 is configured such that the output of the drive motor unit 20 is controlled by the operation rod 50 and the insertion lock rods 60, 60 via the deceleration drive system 30.
a. The end 52 of the operating rod 50 and the ends 72 of the locking rods 70 and 70a are connected to the connecting rod on the branching device side, not shown, respectively.
The reduction drive system 30 reduces the rotation speed of the drive motor 20, and a bevel pinion 32 is fixed to the output shaft 22.

The bevel pinion 32 has a bevel gear 36
Are engaged. A small gear 37 is fixed to the rotating shaft 34a of the bevel gear 36, and is meshed with the intermediate gear 38. An intermediate pinion 39 is fixed to the same rotation shaft as the intermediate gear 38, and is meshed with the conversion gear 40.

The conversion gear 40 is provided with a conversion roller 42. A conversion roller 42 is located below the conversion gear 40.
Rod 50 and insertion lock rods 60 and 60a
Are arranged. A guide groove 54 that engages with and disengages from the conversion roller 42 is formed in the center of the operation rod 50. The operation rod 50 reciprocates by the swing of the rotating roller 42.

The insertion locking rods 60, 60a are provided symmetrically. The insertion lock rod 60 has a cam plate 62 at one end,
It has a lock piece 64 at the other end and an operating rod receiving part 66 at the center. The cam plate 62 is provided with a cam groove 63 for engaging and disengaging the conversion roller 42.

Similarly, the insertion lock rod 60a has a cam plate 62a at one end, a lock piece 64a at the other end, and an operating rod receiving portion 66a at the center, and the cam plate 62a has a cam (not shown). Grooves are engraved.

The relationship between the conversion roller 42 and the cam plate 62 is as follows.
When the conversion roller 42 is engaged with the cam groove 63 of the cam plate 62, the insertion lock rod 60 is moved by the lock piece 64 to the lock rod 70.
Are immovably constrained, and the operation rod 50 is immovably constrained in one direction by the operation rod receiving portion 66.

Similarly, the insertion lock rod 60a is
The lock rod 70a is immovably restrained by the
At 6a, the operating rod 50 is restrained so as not to move in the other direction.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which a part of the drive motor unit 20 is broken. The drive motor unit 20 includes a cylindrical casing 100. Casing 10
A motor 110 for generating a driving force for switching the branching device is provided at a central portion of the output shaft 22 in the casing 100.
2 is provided.

In the casing 100, a motor 11 is provided.
A position holding magnetic coupling unit 150 for holding a position by a magnetic force at the time of rest of 0 is housed on the opposite side of the output shaft 22 with the motor 110 interposed therebetween.

The motor 110 includes a rotor 112 attached to a motor shaft 111 and an annular primary iron core 113 fixed to the inner wall surface of the casing 100.

The drive magnetic coupling unit 120 is attached to the first magnetic coupling unit 130 attached to the output shaft end 111a of the motor shaft 111, and to the output shaft 22 having the same rotation center as the motor shaft 111. And the second magnetic coupling unit 140 provided.

The first magnetic coupling portion 130 has a cylindrical driving-side mounting member 131 having a bottom surface. The motor shaft 111 is fitted into a mounting hole formed at the center of the bottom surface. It is fixed to the motor shaft 111 with the bottom surface facing the motor 110 side.

A ring-shaped permanent magnet 132 is attached to the drive-side mounting member 131 along the inner surface of the cylindrical portion side wall, and the ring-shaped permanent magnet 132 is magnetized in its axial direction. The N pole is connected to the output shaft 22 on the motor 110 side.
Located on the side.

The ring-shaped permanent magnet 132 includes a drive-side magnetic pole member 133 in which a number of ring-shaped thin silicon steel plates having a large number of teeth are formed on the inner periphery from both the S-pole side and the N-pole side.
a and 133b are fitted. Drive side magnetic pole member 13
The driving side magnetic pole member 133b is separated from the driving side magnetic pole member 133b by a small gap at the center of the permanent magnet 132. The tip of each tooth profile has a magnetic pole at the N pole.

The second magnetic coupling portion 140 includes a ring-shaped permanent magnet 142 magnetized in the axial direction.
The pole is arranged on the motor 110 side, and the S pole is arranged on the output shaft 22 side. The permanent magnet 142 is fitted with a driven-side magnetic pole member 141 in which a number of ring-shaped thin silicon steel plates having a large number of teeth are stacked on the outer periphery from the N pole side and the S pole side. The output side shaft 22 is fitted into a mounting hole formed in the center of the driven side magnetic pole member 141 and is fixed to the output side shaft 22.

As shown in FIG. 4, a first cylindrical member is formed.
The second magnetic coupling portion 140 is inserted inside the magnetic coupling portion 130, and the tooth-shaped tips of the drive-side magnetic pole members 133a and 133b facing inward and the driven magnetic pole members 141 facing outward. The tooth profile tips are close to each other with a slight gap.

Here, the drive side magnetic pole member 133 is used.
a, the drive side magnetic pole member 133b and the driven side magnetic pole member 14
The number of teeth is equal to each other, and the pitch at which the teeth are formed is constant.

The position holding magnetic coupling unit 150
A mounting disk 152 having a ring-shaped hysteresis magnet 151 fixed thereto is provided. The mounting disk 152 has a central mounting hole fitted into the end 111b of the motor shaft 110 and fixed.

The casing 100 has a motor 1 inside.
A partition wall 101 is provided for partitioning the motor shaft 110 and the position-holding magnetic coupling portion 150 and supporting one end of the motor shaft 110 via a bearing. A plurality of permanent magnets 153 are arranged and fixed in a ring shape on the side surface of the partition wall 101 facing the position holding magnetic coupling portion 150 so as to be close to and oppose the hysteresis magnet 151.

The permanent magnets 153 are arranged such that adjacent magnets have different polarities, similarly to the permanent magnets 203 of the drive-side coupling plate 201 shown in FIG.

Next, the operation will be described. Drive side magnetic pole member 13
3a, a number of tooth-shaped tips of the drive-side magnetic pole member 133b are:
Each of them is poled by the magnetism from the permanent magnet 132. Similarly, for the second magnetic coupling unit 140,
The driven magnetic pole member 14 is driven by the magnetism of the permanent magnet 142.
Each of the many tooth-shaped tips is magnetically polarized.

Since the magnetic poles facing each other on the inner circumference and the outer circumference have opposite polarities, the tooth shapes of the drive-side magnetic pole member 133a and the drive-side magnetic pole member 133b and the tooth shape of the driven-side magnetic pole member 141 are used. The tips magnetically attract each other.

As shown in FIG. 5, this attractive force causes the first magnetic coupling part 130 to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow 161 and the tooth-shaped tip part 162 on the first magnetic coupling part 130 side,
When a phase difference is generated between the second magnetic coupling portion 140 and the tooth-shaped tip portion 163, the second magnetic coupling portion 140 is rotated in the same direction as the first magnetic coupling portion 130 as indicated by a broken arrow 164. To generate torque.

In the state of the maximum phase difference, the maximum torque is generated in the direction of the arrow 164 of the broken line.
Due to the influence of the next magnetic pole 165 of the second magnetic coupling portion 140, an attractive force toward the magnetic pole 165 acts on the magnetic pole 163.

For this reason, the first magnetic coupling portion 130 and the second
When the magnetic coupling portion 140 continuously slips, the second
Pulsation occurs in the torque transmitted to the magnetic coupling unit 140 of the first embodiment. When the number of magnetic poles of the first and second magnetic coupling portions 130 and 140 is small, torque pulsation is large, and each mechanism of the electric point machine vibrates greatly and generates noise.

However, since a large number of magnetic poles are formed from one permanent magnet by sandwiching the permanent magnet with a magnetic coupling member in which a large number of toothed silicon steel sheets are stacked, the fluctuation range of torque due to pulsation is reduced. As the frequency decreases, the period of the pulsation decreases, and the generated vibration and noise are reduced.

Further, since both the second magnetic coupling part 140 and the first magnetic coupling part 130 are permanent magnets, the magnetic flux density between the tooth-shaped tips is large, so that a large torque can be transmitted. it can.

As a result, vibration and noise are reduced while securing a large torque as compared with a magnetic coupling using a combination of a permanent magnet and a hysteresis magnet.

Further, since a large number of magnetic poles are formed by sandwiching a ring-shaped permanent magnet between superposed silicon steel plates having a large number of teeth, compared to the case where each magnetic pole is formed by an individual permanent magnet. , First magnetic coupling unit 13
0, the second magnetic coupling section 140 can be manufactured easily and at low cost.

In the position holding magnetic coupling unit 150, a magnetic pole having an opposite polarity is generated in the hysteresis magnet 151 corresponding to the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 153. Motor shaft 11
1 rotates and the mounting disk 152 rotates, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 153 fixed to the casing 100 always have a maximum phase difference with the hysteresis magnet material 15.
A magnetic pole of the opposite polarity is generated at 1. Thereby, the motor 11
0 receives the braking force. In the drive motor unit 20, the braking force generated by the position holding magnetic coupling unit 150 is set to be smaller than the driving force generated by the motor 110, so that the motor 110 rotates against the braking force and is not shown. Switch the switch.

On the other hand, when the motor 110 stops its rotation, the braking force from the position-holding magnetic coupling part 150 acts to stop the extra rotation operation due to the inertia of the motor 110 and the branching device in a short time. be able to. Further, even when the motor is in the rest state, the braking force is applied from the position holding magnetic coupling unit 150, so that the position of the branching device can be appropriately held.

The position holding magnetic coupling unit 150 is
The deceleration drive system 30 is smaller than the drive magnetic coupling unit 120.
Side, the driving magnetic coupling unit 120
Is reduced by the braking force of the position holding magnetic coupling unit 150, and the torque that can be transmitted to the deceleration drive system 30 is substantially reduced.

However, on the opposite side of the motor 110 from the output shaft 22, the position holding magnetic coupling part 150 is provided.
Is provided, the torque that can be transmitted by the driving magnetic coupling unit 120 is not reduced by the position maintaining magnetic coupling unit 150. That is, the position holding magnetic coupling unit 150 applies a braking force to the motor 110, but the drive magnetic coupling unit 12
No action is taken to reduce the torque transmitted to the deceleration drive system 30 from zero. Thereby, a larger torque can be transmitted to the deceleration drive system 30 via the magnetic coupling.

The output shaft 120 with the motor 110 interposed therebetween
Is provided on the opposite side, the increase in the inertia of the deceleration drive system 30 can be prevented, and the start and stop of driving of the electric point machine can be performed more smoothly. .

In the embodiment described above, a large number of magnetic poles are formed by sandwiching a permanent magnet with a member in which a large number of silicon steel sheets having a large number of teeth are stacked. It may be formed integrally by cutting or the like. Further, in order to sandwich the permanent magnet inside, the permanent magnet may be divided into two parts.

In addition, in the embodiment, the driving magnetic coupling unit 120 and the position holding magnetic coupling unit 1 are used.
50, the motor 110 is integrally housed in the casing 100. However, the drive magnetic coupling unit 120,
The position holding magnetic coupling portions 150 may be provided separately from each other independently of the motor. At this time, if the drive magnetic coupling unit 120 is arranged closer to the deceleration drive system 30 than the position holding magnetic coupling unit 150, the torque that can be transmitted by the drive magnetic coupling unit 120 is reduced. It is not reduced by the coupling part 150.

[0056]

According to the electric switch according to the present invention,
Since a large number of magnetic poles are formed from one permanent magnet by fitting an annular steel material having a large number of teeth into the inside and outside of the permanent magnet, a magnetic coupling portion having a large number of magnetic poles can be easily manufactured. Further, since the magnets are magnetically coupled, the torque that can be transmitted is large, and the driving force is transmitted by the attractive force between a large number of magnetic poles formed by the tooth shape, so that pulsation is small and vibration and noise can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a drive motor of an electric pointing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a part thereof cut away.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an electric switch according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the electric switch according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a drive magnetic coupling unit included in a drive motor of the electric pointing machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view schematically showing a principle of transmitting a torque by a driving magnetic coupling unit.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a magnetic coupling portion of an electric pointing machine used from a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Electric point machine 20 ... Driving motor 22 ... Output shaft 30 ... Deceleration drive system 50 ... Operating rod 60, 60a ... Insertion locking rod 70, 70a ... Locking rod 100 ... Casing 101 ... Partition wall 110 ... Motor 111: Motor shaft 112: Rotor 113: Primary iron core 120: Driving magnetic coupling part 130: First power transmission member 131: Driving side mounting member 132, 142, 153: Permanent magnet 133a, 133b, 141 ... Toroidal steel plate 140 ... second power transmission member 150 ... position holding magnetic coupling part 151 ... hysteresis magnetized material 152 ... mounting disk 162,163,165 ... magnetic pole

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B61L 5/00-5/10 B61L 7/00-7/10 E01B 7/00-7/08 H02K 49 / 06

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A motor for generating a driving force for conversion, and a motor provided on one end side of a motor shaft of the motor, wherein the driving force of the motor is provided. A drive magnetic coupling portion for transmitting to a deceleration drive system of the electric pointer, and a position holding magnet provided on the other end of the motor shaft for holding the position of the deceleration drive system when the motor is stopped. A motor unit accommodating the coupling unit in the same casing; and the drive magnetic coupling unit has a ring-shaped permanent magnet fitted on an outer periphery of an annular steel plate having a plurality of teeth formed on an inner periphery. A first power transmission member having a magnetic pole at the tip end of each tooth profile, and a number of tooth profiles inserted inside the first power transmission member and opposed to the tooth profile of the first power transmission member. Of the annular steel plate The was pole the tip of each tooth is fitted a ring-shaped permanent magnet on the side 2
A power transmission member, wherein one of the first and second power transmission members is attached to the motor shaft, and the other is attached to an output shaft having the same rotation center as the motor shaft. An electric point-transmitting machine for transmitting the driving force of the motor to the deceleration drive system by magnetic attraction acting between a plurality of opposed tooth profiles.