JP3010879B2 - Plasma torch - Google Patents
Plasma torchInfo
- Publication number
- JP3010879B2 JP3010879B2 JP4037479A JP3747992A JP3010879B2 JP 3010879 B2 JP3010879 B2 JP 3010879B2 JP 4037479 A JP4037479 A JP 4037479A JP 3747992 A JP3747992 A JP 3747992A JP 3010879 B2 JP3010879 B2 JP 3010879B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tip
- plasma
- working gas
- electrode
- inner diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、作動ガスを用いた切断
およびはつりができるプラズマトーチに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plasma torch capable of cutting and hanging using a working gas.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】以下に従来のプラズマトーチについて説
明する。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional plasma torch will be described below.
【０００３】図２に示すようにプラズマトーチ１３にパ
ワーを供給するプラズマ電源１６からは、電線を内蔵
し、かつ冷却水の排水を行う排水ホース２０と、冷却水
をプラズマトーチ１３に送る給水ホース２１と、作動ガ
スを送るガスホース２４と、アークスタートを良好にす
るための高周波を乗せるパイロットケーブル２３と、ス
イッチケーブル２２が束ねて延出され、その先端部にプ
ラズマトーチ１３が取付けられている。また、接地ケー
ブル１７でプラズマ電源１６と加工用の母材１８を接続
している。As shown in FIG. 2, a plasma power source 16 for supplying power to the plasma torch 13 includes a drain hose 20 which incorporates electric wires and drains cooling water, and a water supply hose which sends cooling water to the plasma torch 13. 21, a gas hose 24 for sending a working gas, a pilot cable 23 for carrying a high frequency for improving arc start, and a switch cable 22 are bundled and extended, and a plasma torch 13 is attached to a distal end thereof. In addition, a grounding cable 17 connects the plasma power supply 16 and a base material 18 for processing.
【０００４】図中の１４は作動ガスを圧縮してプラズマ
トーチ１３に送るコンプレッサ、１５は作動ガスの二次
圧を一定値に調整するレギュレータ、１９は給水ポンプ
である。In the figure, 14 is a compressor for compressing the working gas and sending it to the plasma torch 13, 15 is a regulator for adjusting the secondary pressure of the working gas to a constant value, and 19 is a water supply pump.
【０００５】図３に示すように、プラズマトーチ１３の
先端部は筒状の本体金具１の先端部に中空の電極２が螺
合して取付けられ、その螺合部からの漏れを防止するＯ
リング３が介装されている。本体金具１および電極２の
軸芯部に挿入された導入管４は、冷却水を電極２に導
く。電極２の先端部にはジルコニウムやハフニウム製の
陰極材５が埋め込まれている。本体金具１と電極２の後
部に外嵌するとともに、電極２の先端部を間隔を設けて
取り囲むように配設された絶縁物製のオリフィス７の先
端にチップ２５が取付けられて電極２とチップ２５は電
器的に絶縁されている。チップ２５は銅または銅合金製
で母材１８に供給するプラズマアークを絞る。As shown in FIG. 3, a hollow electrode 2 is screwed to a distal end of a cylindrical main body 1 at a distal end of a plasma torch 13 to prevent leakage from the screwed portion.
A ring 3 is interposed. The introduction pipe 4 inserted into the main body 1 and the axis of the electrode 2 guides the cooling water to the electrode 2. A cathode material 5 made of zirconium or hafnium is embedded in the tip of the electrode 2. A tip 25 is attached to the tip of an orifice 7 made of an insulator which is fitted to the rear part of the main body fitting 1 and the electrode 2 and is disposed so as to surround the tip of the electrode 2 with a space therebetween. 25 is electrically insulated. The tip 25 is made of copper or a copper alloy and narrows the plasma arc supplied to the base material 18.
【０００６】また、オリフィス７の先端部には、オリフ
ィス７と電極２の間の間隔に向けて開口する小径の孔８
が形成されている。At the tip of the orifice 7, a small-diameter hole 8 opening toward the space between the orifice 7 and the electrode 2 is provided.
Are formed.
【０００７】チップ２５の内面１１ａは逆円錐形状に絞
られていて、吐出口となる小径の孔11と連通して外部に
開口されている。The inner surface 11a of the tip 25 is narrowed in an inverted conical shape and is opened to the outside in communication with the small-diameter hole 11 serving as a discharge port.
【０００８】オリフィス７の外側は作動ガスの供給路１
０を形成するとともに導電部の外部露出を防止する絶縁
材製のノズル９にて外包されている。このノズル９の先
端はチップ２５に接合されている。図中の点線の白抜き
矢印Ａは供給路１０に供給される作動ガスの流れる方向
を、白抜き矢印Ｂは導入管４を通して電極２に供給され
導入管４の外側を通して排出される冷却水の流れる方向
を示す。The outside of the orifice 7 is a supply path 1 for working gas.
0, and is surrounded by a nozzle 9 made of an insulating material for preventing the conductive portion from being exposed to the outside. The tip of the nozzle 9 is joined to the tip 25. The dotted white arrow A in the figure indicates the flow direction of the working gas supplied to the supply path 10, and the white arrow B indicates the cooling water supplied to the electrode 2 through the introduction pipe 4 and discharged through the outside of the introduction pipe 4. Indicates the direction of flow.
【０００９】チップ２５の内面１１ａは逆円錐形状に絞
られていて、吐出口となる小径の孔１１と連通して外部
に開口されている。The inner surface 11a of the tip 25 is narrowed in an inverted conical shape, and is opened to the outside in communication with the small-diameter hole 11 serving as a discharge port.
【００１０】以上のように構成されたプラズマトーチで
は、作動ガスとプラズマアークは、チップ２５の逆円錐
形状の内面１１でさらに小径の孔１１で機械的に絞られ
て高いモーメンタムと高いモーメンタムと高いエネルギ
ー密度のプラズマ流となって母材を切断する。In the plasma torch constructed as described above, the working gas and the plasma arc are mechanically constricted by the smaller-diameter hole 11 on the inner surface 11 of the tip 25 having the inverted conical shape, so that high momentum and high momentum are obtained. The base material is cut into a plasma stream having an energy density.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記の従
来の構成では、チップ６によって作動ガスとプラズマア
ークは高いモーメンタムと高いエネルギー密度のプラズ
マ流となって母材１８を切断できるが、母材１８をはつ
ることができないという問題点を有していた。However, in the above-mentioned conventional structure, the working gas and the plasma arc can be cut into the high-momentum and high-energy-density plasma flow by the tip 6, thereby cutting the base material 18. There was a problem that it could not be removed.
【００１２】本発明は上記従来の問題点を解決するもの
で、母材の切断およびはつりができるプラズマトーチを
提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has as its object to provide a plasma torch capable of cutting and hanging a base material.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
に本発明のプラズマトーチは、チップの内面が、作動ガ
スとプラズマアークを一旦、機械的に絞って高いモーメ
ンタムと高密度のプラズマ流にする径小部と、作動ガス
のモーメンタムを円錐形状の内壁に分散させるとともに
プラズマアークのエネルギー密度を下げてはつりに必要
な適度のエネルギー密度にする拡大部と、作動ガスの流
れを中心軸と平行な方向に集束し、プラズマアークの広
がりを規制する円筒形状の吐出部とを有する構造とした
ものである。In order to achieve this object, a plasma torch according to the present invention comprises an inner surface of a chip having an operating gas.
The plasma arc and the plasma arc once
A small diameter portion to the high density of the plasma flow and Ntamu, the working gas
Momentum is distributed on the inner wall of the cone and
Necessary for lowering the energy density of plasma arc
It has a structure having an enlarged portion having an appropriate energy density, and a cylindrical discharge portion for converging the flow of the working gas in a direction parallel to the central axis and restricting the spread of the plasma arc.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】この構成により、径小部で作動ガスとプラズマ
アークを一旦、機械的に絞って高いモーメンタムと高密
度のプラズマ流にした後、作動ガスのモーメンタムを拡
大部の内壁に分散させるとともにプラズマアークのエネ
ルギー密度を下げてはつりに必要な適度のエネルギー密
度にし、さらに作動ガスの流れを円筒形状の吐出部の内
壁で中心軸と平行な方向に集束し、プラズマ流の広がり
を規制することとなる。With this configuration , the working gas and the plasma arc are once mechanically squeezed into a high-momentum and high-density plasma flow at the small-diameter portion, and then the working-gas momentum is expanded.
While dispersing on most of the inner walls, lowering the energy density of the plasma arc to the appropriate energy density required for fishing, furthermore, focusing the flow of working gas on the inner wall of the cylindrical discharge part in a direction parallel to the central axis, This limits the spread of the plasma flow.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下本発明の一実施例について、図面を参照
しながら説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１６】本発明の一実施例を示す図１では、従来例
と同一部品に同一番号を付して説明は省略する。なお、
プラズマトーチの全体構成は図２で説明した従来例と同
じであるのでその説明を省略する。In FIG. 1 showing one embodiment of the present invention, the same parts as those of the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In addition,
The overall configuration of the plasma torch is the same as that of the conventional example described with reference to FIG.
【００１７】図１に示すように、本実施例の特徴とする
ところは、前述従来の構成に、従来のチップ２５に代え
て、銅もしくは銅合金製で内面１１ａが逆円錐形状に絞
られていて、内径寸法がφＡの小径の孔１１と連通し、
かつ、小径の孔１１から内面１２ａが円錐形状に拡げら
れて、内径寸法がφＢの円筒形状の吐出口１２に連通し
外部に開口されたチップ６とした点にある。As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment is characterized in that the inner surface 11a is made of copper or a copper alloy and has an inverted conical shape instead of the conventional chip 25 in the above-described conventional configuration. And communicates with the small-diameter hole 11 having an inner diameter of φA,
In addition, the inner surface 12a is expanded into a conical shape from the small-diameter hole 11, and the tip 6 communicates with the cylindrical discharge port 12 having an inner diameter of φB to form the chip 6 opened to the outside.
【００１８】すなわち、小径の孔１１の内径寸法Ａと吐
出口１２の内径寸法Ｂの関係をプラズマ電流値Ｃ（通常
５０ないし１５０アンペア）との関連でＡ＝０．０２０
｜Ｃ｜〜０．０２６｜Ｃ｜にすることにより適度のプラ
ズマ密度にすることができる。ただし、｜Ｃ｜はプラズ
マ電流値Ｃの絶対値である。内径寸法Ａが０．０２０｜
Ｃ｜より小さいときは、切断状態に移行し、０．０２６
｜Ｃ｜よりも大きいときは、母材１８の溶断ができな
い。また、小径の孔１１の長さＬ1を０．５〜２．０mm
にし、必要な作動ガスのモーメンタムをつくる。長さＬ
1が０．５より小さい場合は作動ガスが分散し、２．０
より大きいときは集中する。さらに内面１２ａが３０度
〜４５度の拡がり角度（円錐母線角度の２倍）θ1の円
錐形状に連通させて内径を大きくすることにより作動ガ
スとプラズマアークを適度に分散させる。拡がり角度θ
1が３０度より小さいときは切断状態に移行し、４５度
より大きいときは母材の溶断ができなくなる。またさら
に内径寸法Ｂの円筒形状の吐出口１２と連結させ、この
内径寸法Ｂを内径寸法Ａの２〜３倍の大きさにするとと
もに吐出口１２の長さＬ2を３〜１０mmに設定して開口
することにより、作動ガスの流れを中心軸方向に集束す
ることができる。吐出口１２の長さＬ2が３mmより小さ
いときは作動ガスが分散し母材１８のはつりを行うとき
の母材１８とチップ間の裕度がなくなりはつり幅にばら
つきが生じ、１０mmより大きいときはパイロットアーク
が発生しなくなる。That is, the relationship between the inner diameter dimension A of the small-diameter hole 11 and the inner diameter dimension B of the discharge port 12 is expressed as follows: A = 0.020
By setting | C | to 0.026 | C |, an appropriate plasma density can be obtained. Here, | C | is the absolute value of the plasma current value C. Inner diameter dimension A is 0.020 |
When the value is smaller than C |
When | C | is larger than that, the base material 18 cannot be blown. Further, 0.5 to 2.0 mm and the length L 1 of the small-diameter hole 11
To create the required working gas momentum. Length L
When 1 is smaller than 0.5, the working gas is dispersed and 2.0
When bigger, concentrate. Further moderately dispersed working gas and the plasma arc by the inner surface 12a is larger θ made to communicate with the first conical inside diameter (twice the cone generatrix angle) expanding angle of 30 degrees to 45 degrees. Spread angle θ
When 1 is smaller than 30 degrees, the state shifts to the cutting state, and when larger than 45 degrees, the base material cannot be melted. Further, it is connected to a cylindrical discharge port 12 having an inner diameter dimension B, the inner diameter dimension B is set to be two to three times the inner diameter dimension A, and the length L2 of the discharge port 12 is set to 3 to 10 mm. The opening allows the flow of the working gas to be focused in the central axis direction. When the length L 2 of the discharge port 12 is smaller than 3mm are eliminated tolerance between the base material 18 and the chip when performing the fishing of the working gas is dispersed Hahazai 18 variations occur in fishing width, when greater than 10mm Causes no pilot arc.
【００１９】以上のように本実施例によれば、内面１１
ａは逆円錐形状に絞られていて、小径の孔１１と連通
し、かつ小径の孔１１から内面１２ａが円錐形状で拡げ
られ、円筒形状の吐出口１２に連通し外部に開口したチ
ップ６を設けることにより、作動ガスとプラズマアーク
を一旦、機械的に絞って高いモーメンタムと高密度のプ
ラズマ流にした後、作動ガスのモーメンタムを内壁に分
散させるとともにプラズマアークのエネルギー密度を下
げて母材１８のはつりに必要な適度のエネルギー密度に
し、さらに作動ガスの流れを中心軸方向に集束して、母
材１８のはつりを容易に行わせることができる。As described above, according to the present embodiment, the inner surface 11
a is narrowed to an inverted conical shape, communicates with the small-diameter hole 11, and the inner surface 12 a is expanded in a conical shape from the small-diameter hole 11, communicates with the cylindrical discharge port 12, and opens the chip 6 opened to the outside. With this arrangement, once the working gas and the plasma arc are mechanically squeezed into a high momentum and a high-density plasma flow, the momentum of the working gas is dispersed on the inner wall and the energy density of the plasma arc is lowered to reduce the base material 18. This makes it possible to make the energy density appropriate for fishing and to focus the flow of the working gas in the direction of the central axis, thereby easily fishing the base material 18.
【００２０】このようにチップを交換するだけで、切断
およびはつりを行うことができる。In this manner, cutting and hanging can be performed only by exchanging the chips.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】以上の実施例の説明からも明らかなよう
に本発明は、チップの内面を、作動ガスとプラズマアー
クを一旦、機械的に絞って高いモーメンタムと高密度の
プラズマ流にする径小部と、作動ガスのモーメンタムを
円錐形状の内壁に分散させるとともにプラズマアークの
エネルギー密度を下げてはつりに必要な適度のエネルギ
ー密度にする拡大部と、作動ガスの流れを中心軸と平行
な方向に集束し、プラズマアークの広がりを規制する円
筒形状の吐出部とを有する構造により、母材の切断およ
びはつりができる優れたプラズマトーチを実現できるも
のである。また、円筒形状の吐出部の内壁で、作動ガス
の流れを中心軸と平行な方向に集束し、プラズマアーク
の広がりを規制するので、母材とチップ間の距離がはつ
り幅にばらつきを生じることなく、きれいにはつること
が可能となる。As is clear from the above description of the embodiment, according to the present invention, the working gas and the plasma
The mechanical momentum and the high momentum and high density
The small diameter part to make the plasma flow and the momentum of the working gas
Dispersed on the conical inner wall and the plasma arc
Moderate energy required for fishing by lowering energy density
-A structure that has an enlarged section that increases the density and a cylindrical discharge section that converges the flow of the working gas in a direction parallel to the central axis and regulates the spread of the plasma arc. A plasma torch can be realized. In addition, the inner wall of the cylindrical discharge section focuses the flow of the working gas in a direction parallel to the central axis and regulates the spread of the plasma arc, so that the distance between the base material and the chip varies in the hanging width. No, it is possible to hang it neatly.
【図１】本発明の一実施例のプラズマトーチの概念を示
す要部断面図FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part showing a concept of a plasma torch according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】従来のプラズマトーチの母材の切断状態を示す
概略斜視図FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a cutting state of a base material of a conventional plasma torch.
【図３】従来のプラズマトーチの概念を示す要部断面図FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part showing the concept of a conventional plasma torch.
１ 電極 ５ 陰極材 ６ チップ １１ 小径の孔 １２ 吐出口 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrode 5 Cathode material 6 Chip 11 Small hole 12 Discharge port
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭52−52845（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−37977（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−221595（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−290679（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 平１−60783（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 特公 昭56−38307（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特公 昭62−33025（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 実公 昭57−50146（ＪＰ，Ｙ２) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B23K 10/00 H05H 1/34 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-52-52845 (JP, A) JP-A-2-37977 (JP, A) JP-A-63-221595 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 290679 (JP, A) JP-A 1-60783 (JP, U) JP-B 56-38307 (JP, B2) JP-B 62-33025 (JP, B2) JP-B 57-50146 (JP, Y2) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B23K 10/00 H05H 1/34
Claims (2)
は銅合金製の電極と、前記電極の先端中央部に装着した
電子放射面を形成する陰極材と、前記電極の先端部を間
隔を設けて取り囲むように配設された絶縁物製のオリフ
ィスの先端に取りつけたチップを備え、作動ガスを電極
外周に設けられた空間よりオリフィスを介して前記チッ
プと前記電極の間の空間に開放させた後、前記チップの
先端より放出するプラズマトーチであって、前記チップ
の内面は、前記作動ガスとプラズマアークを一旦、機械
的に絞って高いモーメンタムと高密度のプラズマ流にす
る径小部と、前記作動ガスのモーメンタムを円錐形状の
内壁に分散させるとともに前記プラズマアークのエネル
ギー密度を下げてはつりに必要な適度のエネルギー密度
にする拡大部と、前記作動ガスの流れを中心軸と平行な
方向に集束し、前記プラズマアークの広がりを規制する
円筒形状の吐出部とを有するプラズマトーチ。An electrode made of copper or a copper alloy provided at a tip of a cylindrical main body fitting, a cathode material forming an electron emission surface attached to a center portion of the tip of the electrode, and a tip of the electrode. A tip attached to the tip of an orifice made of an insulator disposed so as to surround at an interval is provided, and a working gas is supplied from the space provided on the outer periphery of the electrode to the space between the tip and the electrode via the orifice. A plasma torch that is released from the tip of the tip after being opened, and the inner surface of the tip is configured to once mechanically exchange the working gas and the plasma arc.
To achieve high momentum and high-density plasma flow.
Small diameter portion and the momentum of the working gas into a conical shape.
Dispersed on the inner wall and energy of the plasma arc
Moderate energy density required for fishing by lowering energy density
A plasma torch, comprising: an enlarged portion that forms a flow of the working gas; and a cylindrical discharge portion that converges the flow of the working gas in a direction parallel to a central axis to restrict the spread of the plasma arc.
内径寸法がプラズマ電流値の絶対値の０．０２０ないし
０．０２６倍でその孔の長さが０．５〜２．０mm、かつ
３０度〜４５度の拡がり角度の円錐形状に連通させて内
径を大きくし、内径寸法が前記小径の孔の内径寸法の２
〜３倍でその長さが３ないし１０mmの吐出口と連通して
開口させた構成を有する請求項１記載のプラズマトー
チ。2. The chip has an inner diameter of a small hole narrowed to an inverted conical shape having an inner diameter of 0.020 to 0.026 times the absolute value of the plasma current value and a length of the hole of 0.5 to 2.0 mm. The inner diameter is increased by communicating with a conical shape having a divergence angle of 30 to 45 degrees, and the inner diameter is 2 times the inner diameter of the small-diameter hole.
2. The plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein the plasma torch has a configuration in which the opening is communicated with a discharge port having a length of 3 to 10 mm and a length of 3 to 10 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4037479A JP3010879B2 (en) | 1992-02-25 | 1992-02-25 | Plasma torch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4037479A JP3010879B2 (en) | 1992-02-25 | 1992-02-25 | Plasma torch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05237664A JPH05237664A (en) | 1993-09-17 |
| JP3010879B2 true JP3010879B2 (en) | 2000-02-21 |
Family
ID=12498657
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4037479A Expired - Fee Related JP3010879B2 (en) | 1992-02-25 | 1992-02-25 | Plasma torch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3010879B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008062731C5 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2012-06-14 | Kjellberg Finsterwalde Plasma Und Maschinen Gmbh | Electrode for a plasma torch |
| JP5942082B2 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2016-06-29 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Plasma cutting torch |
| CA2867600C (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2020-06-30 | Sulzer Metco (Us) Inc. | Cathode interface for a plasma gun and method of making and using the same |
| DE102018100917A1 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2019-03-28 | Kjellberg-Stiftung | A nozzle for a plasma torch head, laser cutting head and plasma laser cutting head, arrangements, plasma torch head and self-same plasma torch, self-same laser cutting head and self-same plasma laser cutting head |
-
1992
- 1992-02-25 JP JP4037479A patent/JP3010879B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05237664A (en) | 1993-09-17 |
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