JP3001418B2 - Cultivation method for raised floor and cultivation container used for the method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cultivating plants such as strawberries, vegetables and flowers on a raised floor and a cultivation container used for the method.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Cultivation of crops such as strawberries and vegetables has conventionally been carried out in soil cultivation, but a series of operations from raising seedlings to harvesting are often performed in a squatting or crouching posture, and seedlings are cultivated. It involves heavy labor, such as transporting goods. In order to improve such working conditions, the improvement of containers for raising seedlings and the implementation of raised floor cultivation have been partially performed.

The present applicant has also developed a container for growing seedlings such as strawberries, which requires a small amount of soil for cultivation and seedling growth with good root growth (see Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 6-34437). A device for holding the container and an auxiliary device suitable for fertilization and watering have been developed (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-16495).
By combining these seedling raising containers and holding devices, it is possible to improve the working conditions in the seedling raising stage.

[0004] On the other hand, three-dimensional cultivation has been actively studied as a high-floor cultivation of plants, centering on hydroponic cultivation. According to this three-dimensional cultivation, less cultivation is required for growing,
The overall working environment, including working conditions, is improved.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned three-dimensional cultivation has a high facility cost so as to be called a plant factory, and requires delicate management of nutrient solution temperature and nutrient management. It is difficult to introduce appropriate three-dimensional cultivation to ordinary farmers.

[0006] On the other hand, instead of the above-mentioned cultivation on a raised floor centered on hydroponic cultivation, it is also possible to perform a cultivation on a raised floor by installing a conventional cultivation container on the ground. In this case, the cultivation container is attached to a stand made of pipes, bars, or the like, and cultivation is performed by putting cultivation soil into the cultivation container.

However, when cultivating with the cultivation container attached to the frame, the cultivation container of a size corresponding to the plant to be cultivated must be attached to the frame from the beginning, and the initial cultivation container mounting work becomes heavy labor. The burden of is large. It is conceivable to apply a cultivation container described in JP-A-59-146515 as a cultivation container to be used by attaching to the frame, but the original purpose of this cultivation container is to make a pot and a ground at a high place. Since it is connected with a tubular container, when cultivating by applying this cultivation container, the cultivation is carried out by putting cultivation soil into the entire cultivation container connected from the beginning, and the labor of attaching the cultivation container is It is not reduced.

On the other hand, a container as short as a seedling container can be used as a cultivation container. In this case, a ridge is formed by embankment and the lower end of the container is inserted into the embankment. Since it must be cultivated, there is a problem that the work of embankment is required, and that the cultivation place is also restricted.

[0009] The problem to be solved in the present invention is to enable cultivation on a raised floor under the same simple operation as that in the conventional seedling raising stage.

[0010]

The stilt cultivation method of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a method of cultivating a cultivation container on the ground by cultivating the cultivation container on the ground. The cultivation is continued by connecting another cultivation container to the lower end of the initial cultivation container according to the growth.

The cultivation container of the present invention used in the above-mentioned raised floor cultivation has a lower end portion of a main container in which a lower end portion is formed at a lower end of a cylindrical container main body, and a lower end portion of the cylindrical container main body. It is characterized in that it can be connected to the upper end of the sub-container via connecting means.

By making the main container and the sub-container connectable, the cultivation is performed only in the main container in the initial stage of cultivation, and the sub-container is connected to the main container in accordance with the growth of the plant to form a long cultivation container. Can be used.

As the connecting means, a screw connection or a bayonet connection can be employed. For screw connection,
A female screw is formed at the lower end of the main container, and a male screw is formed at the upper end of the sub-container, and the two are connected by screwing. In the case of bayonet connection, a fitting groove is formed at the lower end of the main container, a fitting protrusion is formed at the upper end of the sub-container, and the fitting protrusion is inserted into the fitting groove and rotated. Are connected.

By adopting such a connecting means,
The main container and the sub-container can be easily connected, and after the connection, foreign matter such as water does not enter the inside of the sub-container from the outside. Furthermore, since the airtightness can be prevented between the earth retaining portion at the lower end of the main container and the upper surface of the cultivated soil in the auxiliary container, the roots that have grown at the connection portion do not rot.

[0015] Furthermore, an intermediate container can be connected between the main container and the sub-container via a connecting means to make a cultivation container having a longer length. In this case, as the intermediate container, a connecting means corresponding to the connecting means at the lower end of the main container is formed at the upper end of the cylindrical container main body, and the connecting means at the upper end of the sub-container is formed at the lower end of the cylindrical container main body. By using a container having a corresponding connecting means and connecting the intermediate containers, a cultivation container having a longer length corresponding to the type of plant to be cultivated can be obtained.

The main container of the cultivation container has a length of 15 to 3
A synthetic resin cylindrical container having a size of about 0 cm and an internal volume of about 300 to 600 cm ³ is preferable, and a locking portion for attaching to a gantry is formed at the upper end of the container body.
Further, a lateral slit can be formed in the middle of the container body in the longitudinal direction. This lateral slit inserts the cutting edge of the cutter into the container body from the slit, partially cuts the roots of growing seedlings, temporarily slows the growth rate, and suppresses nutrient absorption to flower bud differentiation. Available to promote

Also, the sub-container and the intermediate container are suitably made of a synthetic resin cylindrical container having the same size as the main container. Here, the intermediate container may be one in which a soil stopper similar to the main container or the sub-container is formed, or may be a simple cylindrical container without the soil stopper. In the case of an intermediate container with a soil retaining part, it can be used by putting cultivation soil and connecting it to the main container in the same way as the sub container, and when the roots grow, connect the sub container to the intermediate container and further lengthen Used as a long cultivation container. In the case of a mere cylindrical intermediate container, the soil is put into the intermediate container and the sub-container after being connected to the sub-container, and used by being connected to the main container.

The container for cultivating plants of the present invention is used as a cultivation container for cultivation on a raised floor by attaching the main container to a stand or the like installed on the ground. The structure of the gantry for mounting the cultivation container is not particularly limited, and can be manufactured by appropriately combining pipes and rods. Real fairness 6 mentioned above
A mount described in US Pat. No. 16495 can also be used. The mounting height of the cultivation container may be set to an appropriate height depending on the type of the plant to be cultivated and the working posture.

In the stilt cultivation according to the present invention, initially, only the main container filled with cultivated soil is attached to the gantry, and seedlings are raised in the main container in the initial stage of cultivation, and the roots of the plants extend to near the lower end of the main container. At the stage, the intermediate container or the auxiliary container filled with the soil is connected to the lower end of the main container. The roots that have extended in the main container emerge from the drain holes at the bottom of the main container and grow further in the intermediate container or the sub-container.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a cultivation container according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a connected state of a main container and a sub-container of FIG.

The cultivation container of the present embodiment is obtained by connecting the main container 1 and the sub-container 2 and is used as a cultivation container for cultivating strawberries on a high floor, as shown in FIG. The main container 1 is a cylindrical container made of synthetic resin whose cross section is circular and the cross section is enlarged only in the upper part into an elliptical shape, and the sub container 2 is a cylindrical container made of synthetic resin having a circular cross section.

The size of the main container 1 is about 20 cm in total length, about 5 cm in inner diameter of the cylindrical portion, and about 400 cm ³ in internal volume.
In the case of strawberry cultivation, by setting the shape and dimensions of the main container 1 in this way, the growth of seedlings after planting in the main container 1, particularly the growth of roots is good, and the roots extend straight down and become intertwined. Less.

As shown in FIG. 3, a lock 11 for locking the main container 1 to the holding frame 50 of the holding device is provided at an upper portion of the main container 1, and a retaining portion 12 is connected to a lower end at a lower end. Female screw 13
Is formed. The connecting female screw 13 is a female screw for screwing a male screw 21 formed on the upper end of the sub-container 2 when connecting with the sub-container 2 as shown in FIG. Further, a horizontal slit 14 is formed at the center in the length direction. The slit 14 is used to insert a blade of a cutter into the container, cut a part of the root of the growing seedling, and promote growth control and flower bud differentiation of the seedling.

The size of the sub-container 2 is about 25 cm in total length, about 5 cm in inner diameter of the cylindrical portion, and about 470 cm ³ in internal volume.
At the upper part of the sub-container 2, a connecting male screw 21 for connecting to the main container 1 is formed as shown in FIG. 2, and at the lower end a soil retaining part 22 similar to the soil retaining part 12 of the main container 1 is formed. are doing.

As the soil to be filled in the main container 1 and the sub-container 2, a soil conventionally used for cultivation is used. In the cultivation, first, the main container 1 filled with cultivation soil,
A strawberry seedling is planted in advance, or a child strain is transplanted from a parent strain, and the main container 1 is locked to the holding frame 50 of the holding device at intervals of about 20 to 30 cm as shown in FIG. Holding frame 50
Is a combination of bars or pipes made of synthetic resin. In a state where the main container 1 is locked, the height of the upper end of the main container 1 is slightly higher than the waist position of the worker. The height of the holding frame 50 is set in advance.

At this stage, since the main container 1 has an internal volume of about 400 cm ^{3, the} operation of filling the main container 1 with the cultivation soil and the operation of engaging the holding frame 50 are light. In addition, by setting the height of the holding frame 50 as described above, it is possible to easily carry out subsequent work such as harvesting of lower leaves and thinning, harvesting, and the like while standing or sitting on a chair. .

Next, when the roots R grown in the main container 1 reach the vicinity of the retaining portion 12 at the lower end of the main container 1, the sub-container 2 filled with the cultivated soil is connected to the main container 1. The connection between the two containers is performed by screwing a male screw 21 at the upper end of the sub-container 2 into a female screw 13 at the lower end of the main container 1 as shown in FIG.
At this time, the buried soil rises in the sub-container 2 before connection so that there is no gap between the lower surface of the soil retaining portion 12 at the lower end of the main container 1 after connection and the upper surface of the cultivation soil in the sub-container 2. , And screw it in sufficiently so that the upper end of the sub-container 2 is in close contact with the lower end of the main container 1.

As shown in FIG. 3, by connecting the sub-container 2 to the main container 1, the cultivation container as a whole has a size of about 50 cm.
Length of cultivation container. The root R that has grown in the main container 1 and has reached the retaining portion 12 passes through the hole 12a of the retaining portion 12 and enters the sub-container 2, after which the strawberry grows in the connected cultivation container. Go. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 51 denotes an irrigation tube, and reference numeral 52 denotes a drip tube. By irrigating the drip tube 52 for each cultivation container, cultivation with a small amount of water is enabled.

As described above, according to the stilt cultivation of the present embodiment, since the cultivation can be carried out only in the main container 1 in the initial stage of cultivation, the labor for mounting the cultivation container in the initial stage can be reduced. Waste is reduced.
Then, by connecting the sub-container 2 according to the growth of the plant, the cultivation can be continued without any hindrance to the growth of the plant, and under the same simple operation as the operation at the conventional seedling raising stage. Enables stilt cultivation. In addition, the facility costs including the cultivation container and the holding device are cheaper than the facility costs of the nutrient solution cultivation, and can be easily introduced by ordinary farmers.

In this embodiment, the cultivation containers are arranged in a straight line, but they may be arranged in a staggered manner.
Also, the cultivation container can be attached diagonally instead of vertically. In addition, although the shapes of the main container 1 and the sub-container 2 are simple tubular shapes, the shapes themselves are not limited as long as the main container 1 and the sub-container 2 can be connected. Furthermore, although a screw connection is adopted as a connecting means of the main container 1 and the sub-container 2, a bayonet connection may be used instead of the screw connection.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a cultivation container according to another embodiment of the present invention. The cultivation container of the present embodiment,
An intermediate container 3 is connected between a main container 1 and a sub container 2.

The main container 1 and the sub-container 2 are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The intermediate container 3 has a male screw 31 at the upper end which is the same as the male screw 21 at the upper end of the sub-container 2, and a lower end. This is formed with a soil retaining portion 32 that is the same as the soil retaining portion 12 at the lower end of the main container 1 and a female screw 33 that is the same as the female screw 13 at the lower end of the main container 1.

The cultivation method using the cultivation container of this embodiment is basically the same as the cultivation method in the case of the cultivation container of FIG. At the time when it reaches near the soil stopper 12, the intermediate container 3 filled with the cultivated soil is connected to the main container 1, and when the grown root R reaches the vicinity of the soil stopper 32 at the lower end of the intermediate container 3,
The sub-container 2 filled with the medium is connected to the intermediate container 3.

The present embodiment also has the same effect as that of the cultivation container shown in FIG. 1, and is particularly effective for plants having long roots. In this embodiment, the intermediate container 3
Used a container formed with a retaining portion 32, but used a simple cylindrical container without a retaining portion as an intermediate container,
It is also possible to fill the medium with the intermediate container connected to the sub-container 2 and to connect the intermediate container and the sub-container 2 to the main container 1 at the same time.

[0035]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) By connecting another cultivation container to the lower end of the initial cultivation container according to the growth of the plant and continuing cultivation, it is possible to cultivate in a short cultivation container at the beginning of cultivation. Work labor is reduced, and waste of irrigation and fertilization at the beginning of cultivation is reduced.

(2) By connecting another cultivation container according to the growth of the plant, the cultivation can be continued without any hindrance to the growth of the plant, and it is as simple as the operation in the conventional seedling raising stage. High-floor cultivation is possible.

(3) The facility cost including the cultivation container and the holding device is also inexpensive as compared with the facility cost of the hydroponic cultivation, and can be easily introduced even by ordinary farmers.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a cultivation container according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a connected state of a main container and a sub container of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state where the cultivation container is attached to a holding device.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a cultivation container according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main container 2 Sub-container 3 Intermediate container 11 Locking device 12, 22, 32 Retaining portion 12a Retaining portion hole 13, 33 Female screw 14 Slit 21, 31 Male screw 50 Holding frame 51 Irrigation tube 52 Drip tube

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. The lower end of the cultivation container is separated above the ground.
In the high-floor cultivation in which the cultivation is installed and cultivated, the cultivation is continued by connecting another cultivation container to the lower end of the initial cultivation container according to the growth of the plant in the cultivation container installed at the beginning of cultivation. High floor cultivation method. 2. A connecting means for connecting a lower end of a main container having an earth retaining portion to a lower end of a cylindrical container main body and an upper end of an auxiliary container having an earth retaining portion formed to a lower end of the cylindrical container main body. Cultivation container for raised floor cultivation that can be connected via 3. A cultivation container for raised floor cultivation, wherein an intermediate container can be connected between the main container and the sub-container via a connection means.