JP3000989B2 - Numerical control method and device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a numerical control method and an apparatus therefor, and more particularly to a high-speed processing at the time of numerical control.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A numerical control device (hereinafter referred to as an NC device) executes a numerical control process based on a processing program instructed from a paper tape or the like, drives a machine tool based on the processing result, and performs a process on a workpiece as instructed. It is something to give.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a main part of an NC device, wherein 1 is an NC device, and 2 is an external input / output device connected to the NC device 1. The NC device 1 includes a processor (CP
U) 10, a ROM 14 for storing a control program, RA
M15, a display device (CRT) 19 and its controller (GDC) 18, a video RAM (VRAM) 17 for storing display data, and a keyboard (K
EY) 21 and its controller (keyboard control) 2
0, a nonvolatile memory (battery backup RAM) 1 for storing various parameters, offset data, etc.
6, an axis control unit 11 for each axis, a PMC device 12 that performs predetermined sequence processing to input / output data to / from an external device (machine-side high-power panel, operation panel), an I / O unit 13, and an external input / output device. Input / output control device 2 for inputting / outputting data to / from output device 2
2, 11, 11, 12, 14, 15, 1
Elements 6, 17, 18, 20, and 22 are connected by a bus line 4.

[0004] FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of various data stored in the NC device 1, which is stored in the nonvolatile RAM 16. The tool data is data of a tool (not shown) mounted on a machine tool (not shown), and the tool shape data 91 is data indicating the shape of the tool.
The tool correction amount data 92 sets a nose R correction value of the tool, and the tool offset data 93 sets an offset value indicating a mounting position of the tool. The cutting condition data 94 sets a value used when automatically determining the cutting condition. The machining program data includes an area 95 for storing a machining program described in EIA and an area 96 for storing a machining program described in an automatic program. The setup data 97 stores data such as nail shape data used in each processing and data such as a Z offset amount indicating the end face position of the work. The parameter 98 stores various parameters used in the NC device 1. Of these, only the EIA machining program 95 is stored in a character code (ASC11).

FIG. 12 shows an example of an operation board of the NC device, which comprises a CRT 19 and a keyboard 21. 13 to 16 show N displayed on the CRT 19.
13 is an example of various data of C. FIG. 13 is a “POSITION” screen showing information such as the current position of the tool, FIG. 14 is a “TOOL DATA” screen showing offset data of the tool, and FIG. "NOS"
FIG. 16 shows an “ERG” screen, and “PROGRAM FILE” showing information on machining programs stored in the NC device.
Screen

FIG. 17 shows the nonvolatile memory 1 in the NC device 1.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which data stored in the display 6 is displayed on a CRT 19; In FIG. 17, numerical values in parentheses indicate rows and columns when displayed on the CRT 19. That is,-(5,3)-indicates that the data is displayed in the fifth row and the third column.

Generally, when each data is stored in the non-volatile memory 16 in the NC device 1, it is stored according to the data type. That is, double-precision real type data (TY
PE-L) collectively stores only this type of data as shown at 28, while integer-type data (TYPE-N)
As shown in FIG.

As described above, each data in the non-volatile memory 16 is not usually stored completely in correspondence with the order in which the data is displayed on the CRT 19. Sorted and displayed.

The data types of the NC device usually include the following. Double-precision real number type: 8-byte data Real number: 15 digits can be handled Real number type: 4-byte data Real number: 7 digits can be handled Double-precision integer type: 4-byte data Integer type: 8-byte integer can be handled Integer type: 2-byte data 4-digit integer Can handle

Conventionally, when data is input / output to / from an NC device, it is simply performed using an I / F such as RS232C. EIA like the machining program 95
In the case of the machining program described in (1), input and output of data are generally performed using character codes. This is because, when data is stored in the NC device in the machining program 95 of the EIA, the character code is stored as it is, so that input and output can be easily performed using the character code.

In recent years, the number of NC devices incorporating an automatic program function in the NC devices has increased. FIG. 18 is an example of a machining drawing, and FIG. 19 shows an automatic program for machining the work shown here. FIG.
The internal data of the automatic program indicated by {circle around (1)} has a special data structure and is not stored in a character code. Therefore, when the data 96 of the automatic program is input / output, the data stored in the NC device is input / output as it is, not the character code.

In addition to the machining program, a tool correction amount 92
Some NC devices have a function of inputting / outputting parameters 98 and the like of the NC device 1 using character codes. For example, regarding the tool correction amount 92, similarly to the machining program 95 of the EIA, G01L11 P_X_Z_Y_R_Q_; where, P_: offset number X_: X-axis offset amount Z_: Z-axis offset amount Y_: Y-axis offset amount R_: cutting edge R correction Amount Q_: It is possible to input and output with a character code in a format such as the following. G10
The setting / correction of the tool correction amount 92 is made possible by the command of (1).

N_R_; N_P_R_;... N_R_; G11; G10L50: Parameter input mode G11: Parameter input mode cancel N_: Parameter number P_: Axis number (for axis type parameter) ) R_: Parameter value can be input / output with a character code such as

Further, an NC device 1 and an external input / output device 2
As a method of inputting and outputting data between the two, there is a method using the DNC function. However, this method uses a dedicated protocol to input and output data, and the NC device 1 and the external input / output device 2 It is necessary to develop S / W exclusively on both sides.

Next, the processing method of the machining program will be described. FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing an outline of processing of a machining program of the conventional NC apparatus 1.

In FIG. 20, reference numeral 2 denotes an external input / output device such as a control device such as a floppy disk, IC card, cassette tape, or a communication device with a computer system. 22 is an input / output control device in the NC device 1, 23 is a machining program analysis unit, 24 is a data buffer, 25 is a machine control unit, 26 is a servo control unit,
7 is a servo motor.

An external input / output device 2 is connected to the NC device 1.
A machining program is input. This machining program may be temporarily stored in the memory 16 of the NC device 1 or may be passed to the analysis processing unit 23 as it is. Memory 1
When a large machining program that cannot be stored in the memory 6 is executed, the machining program is analyzed while being directly input from the external input / output device 2.

The machining program analysis processing section 23 performs an error check on the machining program, analyzes the machining program, and stores the analysis result in the data buffer 24. The data buffer 24 is a buffer area for temporarily storing the analysis result of the machining program.

The machine control unit 25 sequentially takes out analysis results from the data buffer 24 and controls the machine based on the analysis results. In this machine control unit, interpolation calculation is performed,
The result of this interpolation is sent to the servo control unit 26 of each axis, and the servo control unit 26 servo-controls the servo motor 27 of each axis.

Off-line CAM in mold processing
When the machining program generated by the system or the like is processed by the NC device 1, the machining program sent is data obtained by interpolating a complicated tool trajectory with minute line segments, so that a large number of commands with extremely short moving distances are continuous. Data. For this reason, when trying to increase the feed speed of the tool, there is a case where the processing by the NC device cannot be made in time.

This is because, in the processing of a normal machining program, the machining program analysis processing unit 23 always analyzes data in advance, and the analysis result is stored in the data buffer 24. This is because if the control unit 25 continues to consume the data in the buffer faster than the analysis processing unit 23 processes, the data in the buffer becomes empty. Such a state is likely to occur when data interpolated by minute line segments continues for a considerable number of times and the feed speed is high.

If the processing of the NC unit cannot be performed in time, the feed of the tool is temporarily stopped, which causes problems such as adversely affecting the work to be processed and extending the processing time. For this reason, a method of transferring data in binary format data as shown in FIG. 21 has been proposed.
In this method, the moving distance of the tool of 4 msec / 8 msec is represented by binary data, and the tool is moved at high speed by moving amount data for the designated number of axes. The command axis number N is specified by a parameter.

The data for one block is (2 * N + 1) b
yte. All the movement amounts of each axis are instructed in 2 bytes. Negative travel is commanded in two's complement. CHECK_B
YTE is 1 byte for other (2 * N) bytes
The sum is added in units, and of the total value, overflows of 8 bits or more are discarded.

Further, there has been proposed a method of realizing high-speed processing by limiting the format of a machining program input from the outside. A high-speed section can be commanded during the machining program, and within this section, only those that can be specified are: X: X-axis movement Y: Y-axis movement Z: Z-axis movement F: Cutting feed speed The data in this section are all processed by linear interpolation (G01).

The command format is designated as follows: G05P01; start of high-speed machining X_Y_Z_; G05P00; end of high-speed machining

[0026]

Since the conventional NC apparatus is configured as described above, when a machining program composed of minute line segments generated by an external CAM system or the like is to be executed at a high speed, When trying to transfer binary data that can be processed at the highest speed, there is a problem that a special CAM system must be created for data generation.

Further, when a machining program composed of minute line segments is transferred from an external CAM system or the like in character code, if the processing program is transferred using the high-speed mode, the contents of the description are limited. )-→ Since the conversion process of binary data (binary number) is required, there is a problem that the speed cannot be increased so much.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem. By directly inputting data in a format equivalent to the analysis result of the machining program to the NC apparatus main body, the time required for analyzing the machining program is reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a numerical control method and a device thereof that are completely unnecessary.

[0029]

A numerical control method according to the present invention includes a step of analyzing a machining program, a step of storing in advance a result of analysis analyzed in this step in a unit of one block, The analysis results for each block stored in advance in the binary code
Data or ASCII code data,
If it is determined to be code data, character code conversion
After the data is converted into binary code data by the processing unit, the data is sequentially input to the buffer.

Further, the numerical controller according to the present invention provides
Analysis means for analyzing the program, and
Storage for storing analyzed results in advance in units of one block
Means and one block unit previously stored in the storage means
If the analysis result is ASCII code data,
Character code conversion means for converting to nally code data
And the binary code converted by this character code conversion means.
-Control the machine while sequentially inputting code data to the buffer.
And control means for controlling .

Further numerical control apparatus according to the present invention, external
One block of the machining program stored in the storage means in advance
An input unit for inputting the analysis result of the unit;
Analysis of the machining program stored in the column in block units
If the result is ASCII code data, the binary
Character code conversion that is converted to code data and passed to the buffer.
Conversion means and the character code conversion means.
Control means for controlling the machine while sequentially inputting the nally code data into the buffer.

Further numerical control apparatus according to the present invention, the processing
Analysis means for analyzing the program, and
The analyzed results are stored in one block via input / output
Means for storing in the external storage means in units of
The analysis result for each block stored in advance in the storage means is
While sequentially inputting data to the buffer via input / output
Controlling means for controlling, and one block analyzed by the analyzing means.
The results of the lock unit analysis can be stored externally through the input / output
When stored in storage, it is converted to ASCII code data.
And the ASCII code stored in the external storage means.
The analysis result for each block of data is sent via the input / output means.
Input to the buffer when
And a character code converter for conversion .

[0033]

[0034]

[0035]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1 FIG. Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of a processing program processing of the NC apparatus 1 according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 4
Reference numeral 7 denotes an external storage device such as a floppy disk or a hard disk. 48 is an offline CAM
System. In the case of the normal processing, the processing is the same as the conventional example shown in FIG. 20, but the data in the data buffer 24 is stored in the format shown in FIG.

That is, the analysis result for one block is fixed-length data of header part data part (2 + 2 + 2) + ((2 + 4) * 30) = 186 (bytes). The header portion is data of 6 bytes, and stores information indicating what kind of data the block data is. Data part is 1 to 30
As shown in FIG. 2 (B), each data is composed of a code part (2 bytes) and a data part (4 bytes).

As shown in FIG. 3A, "EOB" data is always added to the end of the data portion. Data after the "EOB" data is invalid. "EOB" data is shown in FIG.
This is data of a fixed pattern as shown in FIG. 4b
It is assumed that the data part of yte is all represented by a signed integer value.

The code section is composed of a flag section and an identification code as shown in FIG. The configuration of the flag portion is as shown in FIG. 4B, and the classification is performed to determine whether the identification code is an ASCII code or a special code, and to classify the data content of the code portion. When the most significant bit of the flag section is ON, it indicates that the identification code is a special code. OF
F indicates an ASCII code.

FIG. 5 is a list of ASCII codes, and FIG. 6 is a list of special codes. As an example, FIG.
When the analysis result shown in FIG. 7B is obtained, data as shown in FIG. 7B is created.

The embodiment of the present invention has a compile mode function in addition to analyzing a machining program and controlling the machine as it is based on the analysis result. The compile mode function is a method in which the analysis result of a machining program is temporarily stored in a storage area, and when the machine is actually controlled, the data stored in the storage area is used as it is.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a compiling method. First, a machining program is read (step 301). The reading of the machining program may be performed while inputting from the memory 16 in the NC device 1 or from the input / output control device 22. Next, the processing program is analyzed (step 302). This analysis result is stored in the storage area (step 303). The storage area may be stored in the internal memory (15 or 16) of the NC device 1 if it has a sufficient capacity, or may be output to the external storage device 47 via the input / output control device 22 and stored. . When the storage is completed (step 304), it is checked whether the analysis has been completed (step 305). If the analysis has been completed, it is checked whether the analysis of all the programs has been completed (step 306). Thus, all the analysis results of the machining program are stored in the storage area.

Next, the processing for executing the compiled analysis result will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First,
It is determined whether or not there is compiled data (step 311). When there is compiled data, it means whether there is untransferred data in the buffer 24 among the data storing the analysis result of the machining program described with reference to FIG. If there is untransferred data, it is determined whether or not the data buffer 24 is empty (step 312). If the data buffer 24 can store only one block of data, it is determined whether this data has been used. If a plurality of blocks can be stored, it is determined whether there is used data or an empty area. If there is empty space in the buffer, compile data is input (step 313).

As shown in FIG. 8, the input of the compile data is to sequentially read one block of data from the storage area storing the analysis result of the machining program, and the internal memory (15 or 16) of the NC unit 1 is input. ) Or the data stored in the external storage device 47 is read. In the CAM system 48, if the same data as the analysis result according to the present invention can be generated, the data may be directly read from the input / output control device 22 through the external input / output device 2. If the data generated by the CAM system 48 is usable, it is of course possible to temporarily store the data in the external storage device 47 and then read it when necessary.

It is determined whether the compile data is ASCII code (step 314). Normally, the compile data is binary data in a format as shown in FIG. 7B, but when outputting to the outside of the NC apparatus 1, ASCII data in which the binary data is represented by hexadecimal codes as shown in FIG. It can be output in code.
In FIG. 7C, ";" at the end of one number indicates the end of data for one block, and "48" before it is "48".
Indicates a checksum value obtained by adding the hexadecimal codes for all preceding 1-byte data in hexadecimal codes.

In the example of FIG. 7C, since 0x80 + 0x04 +... + 0x00 = 0x648, the lower two digits “48” are used as the checksum. The character code conversion processing section 31 shown in FIG. 1 converts the analysis result shown in FIG. 7B into a character code shown in FIG. 7C and outputs the result.
In this way, the compile data, that is, the analysis result of the machining program, can be input using either binary data as shown in FIG. 7B or a character code as shown in FIG. 7C. Compiled input data is ASCI
If it is an I code, it is converted into a binary code by the character code conversion processing unit 31 (step 315), and the data is stored in the data buffer 24 (step 316).

The analysis results of the machining programs stored as described above are read one after another, and
4 and the machine processing unit 25 reads this data to control the machine in the same manner as in the normal processing. At this time, since the machining program analysis processing unit 23 does not need to be used at all, the time required for the machining program analysis can be completely eliminated, and a situation in which data is not stored in the data buffer 24 occurs. Can be prevented.

Even when data is read from the outside in ASCII code, since the input data is data expressed in hexadecimal code, conversion is performed at a much higher speed than data expressed in normal decimal numbers. It becomes possible.

In this embodiment, the format of the analysis result of the machining program is shown in the format shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, but is not limited to this. Also, regarding the output format, FIG.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be changed as needed.

[0049]

According to the present invention, since the analysis result of one block of the machining program can be input as it is, the format of the machining program input from the outside is not restricted, and the analysis time of the machining program can be reduced. It is unnecessary and high-speed processing becomes possible.

Since the input format can be a character code other than the dedicated binary format,
Input / output data can be easily handled by an external CAM system or the like. Furthermore, since the format of the analysis result is similar to the normal NC machining program (EIA),
It is also possible to generate data corresponding to the analysis result by an external CAM system or the like. By changing the post processor of the CAM system so that it can be output in the data format according to the present invention, data that does not require a machining program analysis unit can be generated. As a result, the processing data generated by the CAM system is directly transferred to the NC device,
The NC device can realize high-speed online processing in which this data is sent to the machine control unit as it is and executed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a main part block diagram showing an outline of a machining program process of an NC device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a data format in a data buffer of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a data format in a data buffer of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a data format in a data buffer of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an ASCII code list for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a special code list for explaining the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows the internal structure of the analysis result of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a compiling process of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method of executing compiled data according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a main part of a numerical control device.

FIG. 11 is a data configuration diagram in a numerical controller.

FIG. 12 is a diagram of a conventional operation board.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional screen display (POSITIO)
N).

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional screen display (TOOL DAT).
A).

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view (NOSE-R) of a conventional screen display.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional screen display (PROGRAM).
FILE).

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram when data in the numerical control device is displayed on a CRT.

FIG. 18 is a processing drawing for explaining a conventional example.

FIG. 19 shows automatic program data for explaining a conventional example.

FIG. 20 is a main block diagram showing an outline of a processing program process of a conventional NC device.

FIG. 21 is an example of a conventional binary format.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. 1. NC device 2. External input / output device Operation board 4. Bus line 10. Processor (CPU) 11. Axis control unit 12. PMC 13. I / O unit 14. ROM 15. RAM 16. Non-volatile memory 17. VRAM 18. GDC 19. CRT 20. Keyboard control unit 21. Keyboard (KEY) 22. Input / output control device 23. Machining program analysis unit 24. Data buffer 25. Machine control unit 26. Servo control unit 27. Servo motor 28. TYPE-L data 29. TYPE-N data 31. Character code conversion processing unit 47. External storage device 48 CAM system 91. Tool shape data 92. Tool offset data 93. Tool offset data 94. Cutting condition data 95. Machining program (EIA) Processing program (automatic pro) 97. Setup data 98. Parameters

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G05B 19/4155

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A numerical control method for controlling a machine on the basis of an analysis result of a machining program, wherein the step of analyzing the machining program and the step of storing the analysis result analyzed in this step in a storage unit for each block in advance. The analysis result in units of one block stored in the storage means in advance is binary code data or ASCII code.
Judge whether the data is ASCII code data.
If it is rejected, the character code conversion
A numerical control method comprising a step of sequentially inputting to a buffer after converting into code data . 2. A machine based on an analysis result of a machining program.
In the numerical control device that controls the machine, the machining program
Analysis means for analyzing and analysis analyzed by this analysis means
Storage means for storing the result in units of blocks in advance;
The analysis result for each block stored in the storage means in advance is
If the data is ASCII code data, binary code
Character code conversion means for converting
Binary code data converted by code conversion means
Means for controlling a machine while sequentially inputting data into a buffer
Numerical control device including and. 3. Based on the analysis result of the machining program in the numerical controller for controlling a machine, pre an external storage unit
Analysis results for each block of the stored machining program
Input means for inputting the result, and stored in the external storage means.
ASC is the analysis result for each block of the machining program
If it is II code data, binary code data
Character code conversion means for converting the
Binary code converted by the character code conversion means
Control means for controlling the machine while sequentially inputting data to the buffer. 4. A numerical control device for controlling a machine based on an analysis result of a machining program, wherein the machining program
Analysis means for analyzing and analysis analyzed by this analysis means
Externally output the result in block units via the input / output means.
Means for storing in the storage means, and
The input / output means is used to store the stored analysis results for each block.
To control the machine while sequentially inputting to the buffer via the
Means, and one block unit analyzed by the analysis means.
Analysis results are stored in external storage means via the above input / output means
In doing so, while converting to ASCII code data,
One block of ASCII code stored in the external storage means
Analysis results in buffer units via the above input / output means
Characters to be converted to binary code data when input
A numerical control device comprising a code conversion unit .