JP2998241B2 - Gear inspection machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear inspecting machine for inspecting the accuracy and grade of a gear, and particularly to an ultra-small or large gear in which a meshing test is difficult, and a gear inspection suitable for shortening the inspection time. About the machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional gear inspection machine measures tooth profile, tooth trace, pitch error, etc. of a single gear.
These values are standardized in JISB1702 and the like. Particularly regarding the tooth profile error, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-282
An inspection system combined with a computer as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 216 is known.

On the other hand, it is extremely rare that a gear is used alone, and in many cases, it is used in mesh with a mating gear. Therefore, the rotational transmission error of the meshed gear pair directly indicates the performance of the gear pair. However, the measurement of the angle transmission error of the gear pair can be conventionally measured only by a dedicated single-tooth-surface meshing tester as shown in FIG. The principle of the one-tooth surface meshing tester will be briefly described with reference to FIG. The target gear pair 81 is engaged, the drive shaft 82 as one shaft is rotated, and the other driven shaft 83 is rotated via the gear pair 81. The rotation angle of both output shafts is multiplied by the reciprocal of the number of teeth, and the difference between them is the rotation transmission error 8.
4 is output. Here, the rotation transmission error is a deviation from the theoretical rotation angle of the mating gear when one of the gears is rotated by a certain angle. Normally rotation transmission error 8
If the rotation angle of the drive shaft 82 is taken on the horizontal axis as shown in the graph of FIG. Many.

[0004]

The one-tooth meshing test method for measuring the rotation transmission error by the actually engaged gear pair is an excellent inspection method capable of directly measuring and displaying the angle transmission accuracy. However, a dedicated one-tooth meshing tester is required, and the size, weight, or material of the measurable gear is limited. For example, plastic gears and the like often used in recent general office equipment such as copying machines and printers could not be measured. The reason for this is that it is too small to be placed on a tester and is easily deformed due to the force applied during measurement. On the other hand, large gears represented by marine gears are too large to be put on a testing machine, so that a practical test was impossible. A first object of the present invention is to display a rotation transmission error regardless of the size, weight, or material of a gear.

[0005] Next, one of the drawbacks of the single-tooth flank engagement test method is that measurement and setup take time. In particular, it takes a long time to perform the test several times while changing the center distance. A second object of the present invention is to provide a function of greatly shortening the inspection time and automatically performing parameter survey of setting conditions such as a center distance.

Further, when the performance of a gear pair is described by a single-tooth meshing test method, values such as a tooth profile, a tooth trace, and a pitch error measured for each gear alone are not utilized. A third object of the present invention is to provide a tooth profile, a tooth trace, and a tooth profile measured on a gear alone to guide the rotation transmission error of the combined gear pair.
And values such as pitch error.

An object of the present invention is to provide a gear inspection machine which can solve the above three problems.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a gear testing machine having a mechanism capable of measuring at least one of a tooth profile error, a tooth trace error and a pitch error of a gear to be measured.
A storage means for storing the measured error is provided, and an operation condition given to error data relating to a designated gear stored in the storage means in accordance with an external command is added to the angle transmission error of the gear pair. Is calculated and output.

[0009]

First, a single gear is placed on the measuring section, and the tooth profile, tooth trace, pitch error, etc. relating to the gear are measured.
This measuring operation may be a manual operation or an automatic operation by computer control. The obtained data is stored in the storage device. This operation is repeated for gears requiring data. Alternatively, data measured by another gear inspection machine may be taken in and stored in the storage device, or intended data may be created by calculation and stored in the storage device.

Next, data relating to each gear of the gear pair whose rotation transmission error is to be determined is selected from a storage device.
Transfer to arithmetic unit. Also, data such as the center distance required for the calculation is input. The arithmetic unit calculates the shapes of the tooth surfaces of both the driving and driven gears from the given data. And
A given rotation angle is given to one of the gears, and the rotation angle of the mating gear is guided under the condition that the tooth surfaces do not separate from each other or bite and remain in contact. Of course, both gears rotate only about their respective rotation centers. Since the ratio between the rotation angles of the two gears is theoretically inversely proportional to the gear ratio, the difference between the derived rotation angle and the theoretical rotation angle is defined as the rotation transmission error at that rotation angle. By repeating the above calculation while sequentially increasing the rotation angle of one gear, the one-tooth meshing test method can be simulated and a rotation transmission error can be output.

Alternatively, the same result can be obtained by assuming an ideal rotation angle having no rotation transmission error for both gears and calculating the amount of mutual engagement between the tooth surfaces as a rotation transmission error. At this time, when the tooth surfaces are separated from each other, the rotation transmission error takes a negative value.

Further, since the teeth bend due to the transmitted load, the teeth can be taken into account in consideration of the amount of deflection.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
The measuring unit 1 has a basic structure of a conventional gear inspection machine, and has the ability to mechanically measure the tooth profile, tooth trace, and pitch error of a single gear with sufficient accuracy. The measuring element for the tooth surface may be a contact element of a general contact type from the past or a non-contact type applying optical or electromagnetic induction. The measuring section 1 also has a function of automatically measuring according to programmed contents in addition to manual operation by an operator.

The storage device 2 is composed of a semiconductor memory, and is managed by a computer built in the gear inspection machine.
The storage content of the storage device 2 is a storage medium 3 or an external information device 4
It also has an interface through which data can be exchanged with the device. A part of the built-in computer functions as the arithmetic unit 5. An output device 6 such as a screen for outputting the calculation result or the like and a printer or a plotter is also provided.

The gear inspection machine according to the present embodiment functions as follows. First, the measuring unit 1 measures the tooth profile, the tooth trace, and the pitch error of the gears constituting the target gear pair. For example, when measuring a large number of gears manufactured based on substantially the same specification values, the measurement can be automatically performed and repeated. The obtained data 11 is temporarily stored in the storage device 2. This stored content is copied to the recording medium 3 when there is a need for long-term storage or backup. Next, from among the data stored in the storage device 2, gear data for calibrating the target gear pair is selected, and the arithmetic unit 5 is selected.
Move to In addition, calculation conditions 12 such as a center distance and a load required for the calculation are input. Then, the meshing of the gear pairs is simulated inside the arithmetic unit 5, and the output device 6 outputs the rotation transmission error graph 15. Further, the output is recorded on the recording medium 3 as necessary, or sent to an external information device through an interface. It is also possible to judge whether the gear performance is acceptable or not based on the rotation transmission error, the data measured earlier, and the like.

The simulation reproduces the virtual meshing based on the data inside the arithmetic unit and calculates it. As shown in FIG. 3, the calculation is based on the assumption that the driving-side tooth surface 31 and the driven-side tooth surface 32 are kept in contact with each other so that they do not bite or separate from each other. Then, the rotation angle 33 of the driving side shaft is determined, and the rotation angle 34 of the driven side is obtained from the above assumption, and the rotation transmission error is calculated. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, the same result can be obtained by assuming the rotations 35 and 36 having no rotation transmission error for both gears and calculating the amount 37 in which the tooth surfaces bite each other as the rotation transmission error. At this time,
When the tooth surfaces are separated from each other, the rotation transmission error becomes negative.

While gradually increasing the rotation angle, a rotation transmission error is derived based on the above concept. The intermeshing teeth change one after another. When the rotation angle of one gear is plotted on the horizontal axis and the rotation transmission error is plotted on the vertical axis, a rotation transmission error graph 15 similar to that of the conventional single-tooth meshing tester is obtained.

According to the present embodiment, if only the accuracy measurement of the gear alone is performed, the rotation transmission is equivalent to that in which the single-tooth meshing test is performed by arbitrarily combining with the previously measured gear based on the data. Errors can be obtained automatically in a short time and automatically.

In this embodiment, the internal position of the computer incorporated in the gear inspection machine is not specified. However, if the data can be exchanged without any problem, the inside of the casing of the measuring unit 1 or the adjacent position or the wall may be removed. It may be a separate room separated.
A general-purpose machine other than a gear inspection machine dedicated computer can be regarded as a built-in computer if it functions according to a dedicated program.

[0021]

According to the present invention, regardless of the size, weight or material of the gear, the rotation transmission error can be displayed if the tooth profile, the tooth trace, the pitch error, etc. can be measured. Also,
Even when the data is insufficient, the estimated rotation transmission error or the assumed rotation transmission error can be obtained by substituting the estimated value or the assumed value. Similarly, one of the gears may be an ideal gear derived by calculation that cannot exist in reality, or a gear with a predetermined tooth profile modification.

Further, the calculation is completed in a very short time as compared with the case of actually performing the single tooth surface meshing test method. Therefore, changing the center distance, changing the combination of meshing teeth,
The influence on the rotation transmission error due to the condition can be easily determined while changing the condition such as changing the transmission load or adding eccentricity.

Since the data of the gear once measured is easy to store and recall, the rotation transmission error is also obtained for a combination with a gear that has been manufactured in the past and does not exist, or a combination with a gear whose tooth profile has changed due to wear before wear. be able to. Since the data can be stored in a recording medium or sent to a remote location via a communication line, it is possible to evaluate the meshing of gears at distant places to some extent.

Furthermore, values such as tooth profile, tooth trace, and pitch error measured by the gear alone are used, so that there is no waste of measurement work for performing a meshing test separately from them.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a principle view of a conventional single-tooth surface meshing tester.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a tooth surface maintaining contact.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing biting of a tooth surface by a theoretical rotation angle.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Measurement unit 2 ... Storage device 3 ... Recording medium 4 ... External information device 5 ... Computing device 6 ... Output device 11 ... Measurement data 12 ... Calculation conditions 15 ... Rotation transmission error graph 31 ... Drive-side tooth surface 32 ... Driven-side tooth surface 33 ... Drive-side rotation angle 34 ... Driven-side rotation angle 35 ... Theoretical drive-side rotation angle 36 ... … Theoretical rotation angle on the driven side 37… Decrease between tooth surfaces 81… Gear pair 83… Drive shaft 83… Drive shaft 84… Rotation transmission error

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01M 13/02 G01B 21/20 102

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A of the measured gear tooth profile error, the gear inspection machine having at least one possible measurement mechanism of the tooth trace error and pitch error, only setting a storage means for storing said measured error, the The error data for the specified gear stored in the storage means is reduced by an external command.
A gear inspection machine which calculates and outputs an angle transmission error of a gear pair by giving at least a center distance . 2. A gear inspection machine according to claim 1, wherein said storage means is capable of recording on or reading from a recording medium. 3. The gear inspection machine according to claim 1, wherein the error data stored in said storage means can be communicated with an external operation means.