JP2997863B2 - Method and apparatus for measuring the volume of exfoliated parts and cavities of concrete, mortar, etc. in structures and other cavities - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cavity in a peeled portion of a structure such as concrete, mortar or tile decoration, or a back cavity formed between a concrete surrounding a tunnel and a bedrock on the back side, and a concrete cavity formed during casting. Precisely predict the volume of cavities created inside for many years, such as cavities (junkas), spaces created by cracks, and spaces created by corrosion of rebar, without removing any mortar, tile makeup, etc. The present invention relates to a measurement method and an apparatus for performing the measurement.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When repairing a mortar or a tile exterior wall of a conventional building or other various buildings, the easiest method is to lightly tap the surface with a hammer or the like to check whether or not the decorative wall is floating. Judgment or the same principle, but advanced one step further, the interior state was searched by a mechanized ultrasonic detection device.

[0003]

However, while the above-mentioned hammer method is easy, the result largely depends on the subjective judgment of the operator, and the result greatly differs depending on the skill level.
In addition, it is necessary to take a long time to carry out a survey over a wide range, or the operator is not allowed to do so, and the operator gradually becomes tired, making the decision ambiguous, and the reliability is further reduced. In addition, the method using an ultrasonic detection device is optimal when performing a wide range of inspections accurately in a short time, but in any of the above methods, the two-dimensional expansion of the cavity, that is, the planar size viewed from the surface is grasped. It was impossible to determine the size or depth of the three-dimensional cavity. The present invention addresses the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional example, and provides a method and an apparatus capable of accurately measuring the three-dimensional expansion of a cavity, which could not be measured until now, without destroying a decorative wall surface or a surface layer. Is what you do.

[0004]

Means for solving the problems A fixed quantity tank capable of storing a fixed amount of gas, and a gas flow rate in the fixed quantity tank is adjusted.
Forming a flow path of gas from the means adapted to sending to the portion to be measured, and means adapted to introducing gas to be measured portion via a flow adjusting乍Ra gas analyzer to the constant amount tank
Then, the sending means and the introducing means are short-circuited in place of the part to be measured to form a closed circuit, thereby forming a target of a constant concentration.
Quasi-gas is obtained, and then the peeled part and cavity of the part to be measured
The volume of the part is measured.

[0005]

[Action] A fixed quantity tank and gas from the fixed quantity tank to the outside.
Means for delivering and means for introducing external gas into the metering tank
A certain amount of standard gas generated in a closed circuit consisting of
To lead into the cavity created in the peeling part of concrete etc.
Then , the standard gas is mixed with the air in the cavity, the dilution ratio is determined from the gas concentration at that time, and the three-dimensional expansion of the cavity is quantitatively measured.

[0006]

EXAMPLES In detail by the examples shown in the accompanying drawings the present invention Hereinafter, cavity volume measuring device A, as shown in FIG. 1, the metering tank, and means out feed gas, the gas analyzer
Through ing the gas from the outside and means for introducing into said quantitation tank. The first said metering tank T is connected ports the gas stored in the gas cylinder B (e.g. butane 1%) IN ₅
Is supplied through an on-off valve NV ₃ and is supplied in a fixed amount (for example, about 1
0l) can be stored. The gas feed detecting means is constituted by a route by delivery pump P ₁ a gas metering tank T sends a connection port OUT ₁ through the attached needle valve flowmeter F ₁ to the part to be measured D. Further, the gas introduction
(Inhalation) means connection opening IN ₁ each provided so as to correspond to the plurality of points of the measured part D. IN ₂ . IN ₃ ... Have a plurality of flowmeters with needle valves F ₂ . F ₃ . F ₄ ····
The parallel connection, further with eggplant as simultaneously to suck air inside the cavity from each point of the measured part D by the suction pump P _2, and the connection port OUT ₂ leading to the suction pump P _2, the metering tank T between the connection port iN ₄ communicating with the opening and closing valve NV ₂ connected, freely connected detachably to the gas analyzer G,
Formed by connecting the opening and closing valve NV ₁ leading to the exhaust port EX between the on-off valve NV ₂ and the connecting port IN _4. The connection port I
N ₁ . IN ₂ . IN ₃ ···· it is intended to provide any number.

A series of operations will be described below. First, butane gas (1VO
L%) previously filled with, as the gas analyzer G infrared gas analyzer, as a feed pump P ₁ and the suction pump P ₂ is intended to use with a flow rate adjustable needle valve. Then connecting port _IN 4 as shown in FIG. OUT ₂ at the same time connecting the infrared gas analyzer G, the connection port OU
T ₁ . IN _{1 to} IN ₃ are connected in a short-circuit state as shown by dotted lines, the gas cylinder B is detached from the connection port IN ₅ to clean the inside of each path of the apparatus, and the on-off valves NV _{1 to} NV ₃ are connected. Fully open, infrared gas analyzer G,
Delivery pump P ₁ and both to operate the suction pump P _2, performs zero point adjustment of the infrared gas analyzer G when the could adequate ventilation path, wherein the temporarily connection is closed only on-off valve NV ₂ port connecting the gas cylinder B in iN _5, the suction path gas in gas cylinder containing flows into the metering tank T by fart-off valve NV _3, a delivery path further comprises a delivery pump P _1, the infrared gas analyzer G The air opens and closes
Since flows out from the exhaust port EX through valve NV _1, thereby adjusting the pressure of the gas cylinder B as indicated value of the flow meter F ₁ during the flow of the gas becomes the set value, the flowmeter F _2. F
₃ . Even Izure is F ₄ · · · · adjusting each needle valve to have the same flow rate. Furthermore, the on-off valves NV ₁ . NV ₃
Closed, since a closed circuit is formed by opening the NV _2, the indicated value of the gas analyzer of the condition of 100%
Calibrate the indicating scale as indicated by and use it as the standard gas .

The above is the measurement preparation work. When the above work is completed, the temporary delivery pump P ₁ and the suction pump P ₂
Is stopped, and at the same time, the flowmeter F ₁ with a needle valve,
Close all F _4, then removing the short-circuit connections indicated by the dotted line connection port _{OUT 1,} IN 1 to IN ₃ (FIG. 1), each connection port OU
T _1, IN ₁ and to IN ₃ after hermetically connected to an external to the plurality of points of connection ports leading to the cavity C of the part to be measured (e.g. mortar) D shown in FIG. 2, again each flowmeter F ₁ ,
Open F _4, and work together with the delivery pump P ₁ a suction pump P ₂ and the gas analyzer G starts measurement. Thus fed from the connection port OUT ₁ by the operation of the standard gas delivery pump _{P 1} in the metering tank T into the cavity C, suction through the air connection port _{IN 1, IN 2, IN 3} in the cavity C on the other hand at the same time suctioning by the pump P _2, the gas circulation is performed between the cavity C of the present invention volumetric device a and the measured part D by via a gas analyzer G fed to the metering tank T, in this case the delivery pump P ₁ and the suction pump _{P 2}
Means that the flow rate is adjusted with a needle valve so that the inflow amount and outflow amount into the cavity C become equal, and as the circulation is continued, the standard gas is mixed with the air in the cavity and is diluted. The indicated concentration of the gas in the analyzer G gradually decreases and reaches the average concentration, that is, a constant value (invariant value).

[0009] Here, the volume of the metering tank T (the display value in the gas analyzer G in a state in consideration of the pipe volume) (including pipe volume) standard gas concentration in V ₁ metering tank T N
_1. The volume of the cavity C is V ₂ , the gas concentration when diluted with the air in the cavity C (average concentration indicated by the gas analyzer G)
The When _{N 2,} between the volume and gas _{concentration, N} 2 (V
₁ + V ₂ ) = N ₁ · V ₁ Therefore, when the volume of the cavity C is calculated from this, V ₂ = V ₁ (N ₁ / N ₂ −
1), and further expressing this as a function of circulation time, when a is a time constant of circulation diffusion and b is a time constant of diffusion due to outside air leakage,

[0010]

(Equation 1)

Is obtained. As described above, the volume of the cavity can be determined from the volume and concentration of the standard gas used for measurement and the concentration of the mixed gas diluted with air.

Here, the conditions for the standard gas are non-flammable, non-toxic, chemically stable, have a specific gravity equivalent to that of air, and can be prepared as a standard gas. Gas that can perform quantitative analysis
For example, even if it is flammable like the above-mentioned butane gas, the air balance is 1 VOL% like propane (C ₃ H ₈ ). Can be used as long as it is a mixed gas. In addition, the gas analyzer is not limited to the above-mentioned gas analyzer as long as it has a good measurement accuracy, can perform continuous measurement, and does not consume by the reaction with the standard gas. In addition, as for the capacity of the fixed quantity tank, the cavity volume is estimated to be about 101 in about 1 to 1001, and the capacity of the delivery pump and the suction pump uses a needle valve that can change the flow rate according to the cavity volume. The above is a method by gas diffusion dilution gas in the absence of air inlet
Since high pressure is not applied unilaterally from the air supply port, the standard gas diffuses to the gap where the standard gas diffuses by providing multiple air supply ports or providing many air intake ports.
Can be And gas by the fixed volume tank method
Since generating a high gas of obtained not pressure cylinder, above
As described above, the air supply and intake ports are provided in the cavity to circulate the gas.
By ringing, without increasing the internal pressure of the cavity,
However, diffusion dilution can be performed efficiently and rapidly .

[0013]

According to the present invention, a known quantitative tank filled with a standard gas having a clear component concentration as described above, and a standard gas generated by sending the standard gas into a cavity to be measured. Since the cavity volume is measured from the dilution concentration, it is possible to measure only the volume of the cavity without peeling off the surface layer of the part to be measured.When repairing, it is necessary to know the size of the cavity before repairing. It is possible to accurately estimate the restoration from the amount of materials, the time required for repair, and the like. or,
This is an apparatus having a simple structure including a gas analyzer, a quantitative tank, and instruments such as a pump and a valve, and is an ideal invention capable of accurately measuring a cavity volume without particularly complicated operations.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a connection diagram showing a measurement example using the above device.

[Explanation of symbols]

A cavity volume measuring device G Gas analyzer _{F 1, F 2, F 3} , F 4 flowmeter P ₁ feed pump P ₂ suction pump T metering tank with the needle valve

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-59-15822 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A closed circuit including a quantitative tank, a gas analyzer and other various devices is formed, and a diluted gas obtained by the closed circuit is regarded as a standard gas having a concentration of 100%. The cavity of the measuring part is interposed and the expansion of the cavity is calculated from the change in gas concentration that occurs. Measuring method. 2. A fixed quantity tank capable of storing a fixed quantity of gas, means for sending the gas in the fixed quantity tank to the portion to be measured while adjusting the flow rate, and gas adjusting the flow rate to the fixed quantity tank. A gas flow path is formed from the means for introducing the gas of the measured part through the analyzer, and the sending means and the introducing means are short-circuited instead of the measured part to form a closed circuit. To obtain a standard gas of a certain concentration , and then measure the volume of the peeled part and cavity of the part to be measured.
Concrete structure, characterized in that as a constant, the volume measuring device of the peeling portion and cavity portion other various cavities such as mortar.