JP2997082B2 - Processed bran and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a brass processed product and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, it has been noted that dietary fiber plays an important role in prevention of various adult diseases, and various processed foods rich in dietary fiber have been marketed. The physiological role of dietary fiber is known to be physical and physiological, such as regulating bowel movements and optimizing the colon pressure, as well as lowering serum cholesterol, preventing the development of intestinal cancer, carbohydrates and lipids. It has been reported that diabetes and obesity can be prevented by controlling the absorption of glycerol.

[0003] An example of such processed foods rich in dietary fiber is bran. Wheat, wheat, barley, consists of a small amount of endosperm and skin obtained when milling cereals such as corn, high dietary fiber content,
It can be obtained in large quantities at low cost. However, for bran,
There is a problem that both the texture and the flavor are bad and have an unpleasant odor. It is also believed that phytic acid, which is contained in a large amount in bran, inhibits bioabsorption of minerals.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve these problems of bran, various methods for producing processed bran products have been proposed. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos.
JP-A-37059 discloses a method in which a bran is treated with an organic acid such as acetic acid and then treated with a twin-screw extruder.

Further, Japanese Patent Application No. 2-1277 filed by the present applicant.
No. 53 discloses a method in which a bran suspension is treated with an autoenzyme of the bran and then treated with an acid.
According to this method, a processed bran product having a high phytic acid removal efficiency and a high fiber content can be obtained.

[0006]

However, in each of the above methods, since a large amount of water must be added to the bran, a solid-liquid separation step is required, and a problem of wastewater treatment arises. Has a difficult face. Therefore, the present invention provides a method capable of producing a processed bran product containing a large amount of dietary fiber, in which phytic acid is removed, the inhibition of mineral bioabsorption is reduced, and a solid-liquid separation operation is not required. The purpose is to do.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have studied to develop the above-described processed brass product and a method for producing the same, and as a result,
By humidifying the bran with water without suspending it in water and treating it with an enzyme possessed by the bran itself or an exogenous enzyme, it is possible to manufacture the above processed bran product without going through a solid-liquid separation step. We have found that we can do this and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a method for producing a processed brass product, comprising humidifying a bran with water, allowing the enzyme of the bran itself to act, and then obtaining a processed brass product without going through a solid-liquid separation step. Consists of The present invention also provides
The bran is humidified with water, and one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of proteolytic enzymes, lipolytic enzymes and phospholytic enzymes added to the bran before, after or during the humidification are allowed to act, and then solidified. A method for producing a brass processed product characterized by obtaining a processed brass product without going through a liquid separation step.

[0009] The present invention comprises a production method characterized in that, in the above two methods, an acid is allowed to coexist with the action of an enzyme. The present invention relates to the above two methods,
The manufacturing method is characterized by further performing pressure and heat treatment. The present invention also includes a manufacturing method characterized in that the above-mentioned pressurizing and heating treatments are performed by an extruder.

[0010] The present invention further comprises a processed brass product produced by the method as described above. Less than,
The method for producing a brass processed product of the present invention will be described in detail. In the first method of the present invention, after bran is humidified with water using a suitable humidifier or the like, the enzymes of the bran itself, that is, various enzymes contained in the bran are 0 to 80 ° C., particularly 4 to 80 ° C. 50 ℃
At a temperature of 5 minutes to 48 hours, especially 30 minutes to 2
It is preferable to act for 4 hours. The degree of humidification is preferably 1/5 to 4 times the weight of the bran, particularly preferably 1/2 to 3 times the weight of water. Examples of the enzymes possessed by bran per se include phosphatases such as amylase, protease, lipase and phytase. This first method includes both a method in which only the enzyme possessed by bran itself acts and a method in which the same enzyme as that possessed by bran itself is further added to act. The amount of exogenous enzyme added is 0.00
It is preferably from 01 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.01 to 2% by weight.

[0011] The bran in a humidified state can be used as a food as it is without solid-liquid separation after the enzyme is acted on, or as a food additive, or as a raw material in the production of various foods. Further, if necessary, a dried product of the bran processed product can be obtained by drying. As the drying means, any known method can be used.
The drying temperature is preferably from 30 to 150 ° C, particularly preferably from 70 to 100 ° C.

[0012] The second method of the present invention is to provide one or more selected from the group consisting of glycolytic enzymes, proteolytic enzymes, lipolytic enzymes and phosphorolytic enzymes before, after or during humidification of bran. The method comprises adding an enzyme and acting in the same manner as in the first method. The amount of the enzyme to be added is preferably 0.0001 to 10% by weight, particularly 0.01 to 2% by weight, based on the bran.

Examples of the above-mentioned glycolytic enzymes include, for example, agarase, α-amylase, β-amylase, isoamylase, isomaltodextranase, invertase, exomaltotetraohydrolase, exomaltotriohydrolase, α-galactosidase, chitinase Glucoamylase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, cellulase, dextranase, transglucosidase, pullulanase, hemicellulase and pectinase.

Examples of proteolytic enzymes include achromopeptidase, esterase, elastase, trypsin, papain, pancreatin, protease,
Pepsin, peptidase, lysozyme and the like can be mentioned. Examples of the lipolytic enzyme include phospholipase and lipase.

[0015] Phospholytic enzymes include phosphodiesterase, phosphatase and phytase. After the action of the enzyme, it can be used as it is as a food or as an additive as a food raw material in the production of various foods, as in the first method. If necessary, the dried bran product can be obtained by drying.

In the first and second production methods, it is preferable that an acid coexist when the bran is humidified. As the coexisting acid, one or two kinds of inorganic acids and organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, malic acid and acetic acid are used.
A mixture of more than one species can be used. The amount of the acid added is preferably such that the pH becomes acidic. This is because phytase, a kind of phosphatase that degrades phytic acid, has optimal conditions at a pH of about 4 to 6.5. In addition, by making it acidic, the growth of various bacteria can be prevented. Therefore, 0.00001 to 10 for bran
It is desirable to add the acid in an amount of 0% by weight, especially about 0.001 to 10% by weight.

It is preferable that the bran processed product obtained by each of the above methods is further subjected to pressure and heat treatment. Pressure and heat treatment can be performed using an autoclave, but it is preferable to use an extruder, particularly a twin-screw extruder. The twin-screw extruder that can be used in the method of the present invention may be any extruder that excels in pushing thrust, has an appropriate shearing force, and can supply sufficient energy from the outer barrel. In particular, a biaxial perfect meshing co-rotating extruder excellent in mixing and kneading properties is preferable.

The barrel temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 1
It is preferably from 00 to 200 ° C, particularly preferably from 120 to 160 ° C. If you want to maintain the shape of the brass, the barrel temperature may be set to a lower temperature range in the above temperature range,
When the main purpose is to improve the texture and flavor, the barrel temperature may be set in a high temperature range. The amount of water added is preferably 0 to 90 parts by weight, particularly preferably 3 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the bran. When the amount of water is low, the shearing force becomes strong and the condition becomes severe, but the subsequent drying becomes easy.

As for the bran pressed and heated by the twin-screw extruder, the bran having a low moisture content is left as it is, and the bran having a high moisture content is immediately dried to obtain the processed brass product of the present invention. In addition, the brass processed product obtained by these methods can be pulverized and used as a raw material for a secondary processed product. Further, during the pressurization and heat treatment, a Maillard reaction can be caused by adding a reducing sugar and adjusting the pH, thereby giving browning and heating odor. The pH is preferably adjusted to 5 to 6 in consideration of the secondary processability of the bran processed product. For this purpose, citric acid, acetic acid, malic acid and other edible organic acids are added in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight, particularly 1 to 3% by weight. % Is preferably added.

Further, an oxidizing agent, for example, hydrogen peroxide can be added to weaken the tough bran and improve the workability. Such an oxidizing agent is added to bran for 0.
By adding 5 to 5% by weight, especially 1 to 2% by weight, a good quality brass processed product can be obtained.

[0021]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Test Examples and Examples. Test Example 1 The following test was performed to examine the amount of water when the enzyme was allowed to act on the bran.

50% by weight, 7% based on 100 g of bran
5%, 100%, and 190% by weight acid solutions were added. The acid solution is citric acid 0.1 in 1 liter of water.
What melt | dissolved 53 g and lactic acid 0.46 was used. Next, the bran moistened with the above acid solution was kept warm at 30 ° C., and the enzyme of the bran itself was allowed to act. The obtained bran hydrohydrate was sampled at regular intervals and dried, and phytic acid was quantified by the method described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-127753.
That is, 0.5 g of bran was extracted with 20 ml of 0.5N hydrochloric acid for 2 hours, and the extract was dried under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was dissolved in a small amount of distilled water, and an anion exchange resin (Bio
rad AG1-X4, 200-400 mesh) and eluted with hydrochloric acid solution of each concentration. The fractions eluted with phytic acid were collected, dried under reduced pressure, and dissolved again in a fixed amount of distilled water.

Next, the obtained solution was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to measure the amount of phytic acid. HPLC conditions were as follows. Column: Radial Pack C ₁₈ (Waters: 8mm × 10c)
m) Moving layer: methanol containing 0.1 M formic acid, 0.6% tetrabutyl-ammonium hydroxide, methanol: water = 1: 1 flow rate: 3.0 ml / min Detector: RI The results (phytic acid decomposition rate) are shown in Table 1 below. Show.

Table 1 Water content 1 hour after 3 hours 5 hours after 24 hours 50% ── ── ── 30% 75% ── ── ６０ 60% 100% ％ 50% ７０ 70% 約70% Approx. 90% 190% Approx. 70% Approx. 75% Approx. 75% Approx. 90% From the above results, even with about 100% by weight of water, 3-5%
It was found that about 70% of the phytic acid was decomposed by the time treatment. With about 100% water, the bran itself is in a very dry and ragged state. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform solid-liquid separation, and drying is easy. Example 1 4 kg of bran was moistened with 4 liters of an acid solution containing 2.12 g of citric acid and 1.84 g of lactic acid. After leaving this at room temperature for 5 hours, it was dried at 90 ° C. for 24 hours in a hot air drier. The phytic acid content at this time was 1 g of bran
10.0 mg per product, about 74% decomposed compared to the phytic acid content of untreated bran. Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the sample was left for 24 hours.
The bran was processed. The phytic acid content at this time was 3.0 mg / g of bran, and about 92% of the phytic acid content of untreated bran was degraded. Example 3 4 kg of bran was humidified using 4 liters of an acid solution containing 9.2 g of citric acid. After leaving this at room temperature for 5 hours,
It was dried at 90 ° C. for 24 hours in a hot air drier. The phytic acid content at this time was 11.0 mg / g of bran, about 71% of the phytic acid content of untreated bran.
Was disassembled.

Further, the obtained bran processed product was quenched at 1% by weight based on the bran processed product using a twin-screw extruder (TEM-50B manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd.) at a barrel temperature of 130 ° C. and a pressure of 6 kg / cm ^2. An acid and 10% by weight of glucose were added and subjected to pressure and heat treatment. The obtained bran processed product had excellent texture and flavor. Example 4 4 kg of bran was moistened with 4 liters of an acid solution containing 9.2 g of citric acid, 4 g of amylase, 4 g of protease and 1 g of phytase. After leaving this at room temperature for 5 hours, it was dried at 90 ° C. for 24 hours in a hot air drier. The phytic acid content at this time was 9.0 mg / g of bran.
About 76% of the phytic acid content of untreated bran.
% Had decomposed. Test Example 2 Untreated bran (Comparative Example 1), Example 2
A brass processed product subjected to only the axial treatment (Comparative Example 2), a brass processed product subjected to only the enzyme treatment before performing the biaxial treatment in Example 3 (Example 3-1), and a product obtained in Example 3 Ca adsorption of the bran processed product (Example 3-2) was examined. Experimental method 40 mM CaCl ₂ Michaelis buffer (pH 6.5)
5 g of bran was suspended in 100 ml, incubated at 37 ° C. for 1 hour, and then centrifuged to obtain a supernatant.

The ratio of the amount of Ca recovered in the supernatant to the amount of Ca added first was expressed as the recovery rate (%) of Ca. From the above test results, it is clear that the processed bran product obtained in the example has a lower Ca adsorption rate than the untreated bran.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, phytic acid is removed without requiring a solid-liquid separation step, whereby the inhibition of mineral bioabsorption is further reduced. Further, a processed bran product having improved texture and flavor of the bran and containing a large amount of dietary fiber and a method for producing the same are provided.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Keijiro Uchino 1241-11 Tomuro, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa (56) References JP-A-63-49049 (JP, A) JP-A-2-101016 (JP, A) Kaihei 2-100644 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A23L 1/30-1/308 A23L 1/00-1/182

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A bran and one-half to three bran
What is claimed is: 1. A method for producing a processed brass product, wherein an enzyme of the bran itself is allowed to act on a mixture consisting of twice the weight of water, and then a processed brass product is obtained without going through a solid-liquid separation step. 2. A bran and 1/2 to 3 of the bran.
Before humidification with water, the mixture consisting of
After or during humidification, one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of proteolytic enzymes, lipolytic enzymes, and phosphorolytic enzymes added to the bran are allowed to act, and then the processed bran is processed without going through a solid-liquid separation step. A production method characterized in that it is obtained. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein an acid is allowed to coexist when the enzyme is allowed to act. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising performing pressure and heat treatment. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the pressure and heat treatment are performed by an extruder. 6. A bran processed article manufactured by the method according to claim 1.