JP2989448B2 - Method and apparatus for gasifying glass fiber reinforced plastic - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for gasifying and effectively utilizing glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) waste, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for recovering heat generated by gasifying GFRP waste. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, organic substances such as wood, agricultural crops (sugar cane, corn, etc.) and general plants (algae, weeds, etc.) have been gasified. Recently, plastics as industrial waste, waste paper, and waste automobiles have been used. Waste gasification technology mainly composed of organic substances such as so-called shredder dust obtained by crushing plastics has been developed and used effectively. In the conventional gasification method, a one-stage moving bed type or fluidized bed type pyrolysis furnace or combustion furnace is generally used, and is mainly implemented for the purpose of recovering waste heat. Recently, a technique for recovering oil by thermally decomposing waste containing plastics in a single-stage pyrolysis furnace has been developed.

[0003]

The above-mentioned conventional method has the following problems. (1) Since a plurality of materials are generally mixed in plastics, the thermal decomposition temperature is wide, and the
In a staged pyrolysis furnace or combustion furnace, its operation is very difficult, and there is generation of soot (soot) due to undecomposed carbon and coking on the wall of the apparatus. (2) Since the plastics are heated to a high temperature of about 1,200 ° C. or more by combustion, the walls of the combustion furnace are easily damaged. (3) In the case of GFRP, plastic is caulked due to high temperature inside GFRP due to combustion reaction with oxygen and oxygen shortage due to rapid oxygen consumption, and it is difficult to completely gasify the plastic part. Cannot be taken out and used effectively.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned state of the art, and has as its object to provide a method and an apparatus which can gasify only a plastic part of GFRP, take out a glass fiber part, and recover heat generated by gasification of plastic. .

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention relates to (1) In a gasification section, air and water vapor are added to a supplied glass fiber reinforced plastic raw material to produce 650 to 650 g.
A first step of heating to 750 ° C. to gasify the plastic material and recover the remaining glass fiber; and introducing the gasified plastic gas to the combustion section and further adding air or a mixture of air and water vapor to 700-1. A method of gasifying glass fiber reinforced plastic, comprising a second step of recovering the amount of heat generated by burning at 2,000 ° C., and (2) rotatably installed in a tubular horizontal configuration And
A gasification furnace comprising a heating section for adding air and water vapor to the supplied glass fiber reinforced plastic material and heating it to 650 to 750 ° C. to gasify the plastic material, and a recovery section for recovering glass fiber remaining by the heating. ,
A combustion furnace which is connected to the gasification furnace and erected, and further adds air or air and steam to the plastic gas introduced from the gasification furnace and burns at 700 to 1,000 ° C .; The method of (1), characterized in that the method comprises a heat recovery unit for recovering the heat of the gas to be recovered.
Gasifier fiberglass reinforced plastic, it is.

[0006]

In the first step of the method of the present invention, the GFRP raw material is supplied to the gasification section by adding air and water vapor to 650%.
It is heated to ７750 ° C., whereby only the GFRP plastic is completely gasified. In the gasification at this time, use of only air is conceivable, but in this case, since the temperature may be locally high, the air is diluted with steam to use the air more completely. As the gasification conditions in the first step, air / GFRP is 0.4 to 2.4.
N liter (air) / g (GFRP), water vapor / GF
RP is preferably 2.0 g (steam) / g (GFRP) or more. The gas generated in the first step is CO, CO ₂ , H ₂ ,
It is composed of hydrocarbon compounds having a boiling point from room temperature to about 750 ° C. in addition to N ₂ , O ₂ , methane, ethane, propane and the like. Hereinafter, this gas is referred to as a plastic gas.
In this first step, the melting point of the glass fiber is about 83
Since the temperature is 0 ° C., the glass fiber remains in the original form and is recovered in a solid state.

Next, the plastic gas from which the glass fiber has been recovered is sent to the second step, where it is further burned by adding air or a mixture of air and water vapor, and the heat generated at this time is recovered. . The combustion conditions in the second step are as follows: the plastic gas is converted to GFRP as a raw material, and the combustion gas is 2.3 to 2.3 in accordance with the air / air amount in the GFRP first step.
When water vapor is added together with air at 4.3 N liters (air) / g (GFRP) or more, the water vapor / GFRP should be 3.
0 g (steam) / g (GFRP) or less is preferable.

The operation of the apparatus of the present invention is the same as that of the above-described method of the present invention, and a description thereof will be omitted.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
I will explain. FIG. 1 is a gasification treatment method of GFRP of the present invention.
It is a process flow figure showing a method. As shown,
Is installed by connecting to the gasification section 1 and the gasification section 1
And the heat recovery unit 3 connected to the combustion unit 2
It is composed of In the gasification section 1, finely crushed
Air 7 and water vapor 6 to GFRP raw material A
And heat it to gasify the plastic in the GFRP
Plastic gas A ₁And then the remaining solid
Glass fiber A_TwoThe first step of recovering is performed
In the combustion section 2, the plastics gasified in the first step
Kugas A₁To air 7 or, if necessary, steam
The gas is burned by adding gas 6 and the amount of heat generated at this time is
The second step of collecting in step 3 is performed. 4 in the figure is C
O_Two, H _TwoO, N_Two2 shows an exhaust gas channel such as the one shown in FIG.

Next, the procedure of the gasification treatment method will be described.
The GFRP raw material A is finely crushed in advance and supplied to the gasification furnace 1, where an appropriate amount of air 7 and an appropriate amount of steam 6 are added in the gasification unit 1 and heated to 650 to 750 ° C. As a result, the plastic which is the material of the GFRP raw material A is gasified, but the glass fiber A mixed in the GFRP raw material A
₂ (melting point: about 830 ° C.) remains in the furnace and is recovered from the outlet of the gasification furnace 1 (first step).

On the other hand, the plastic gas A ₁ generated in the first step is thereafter guided into a combustion furnace (combustion section) 2 where the air 7 and, if necessary, an appropriate amount of steam 6
Is added, so that the plastic gas A ₁ becomes CH + 3
/ 2O ₂ → CO ₂ + 1 / 2H ₂ O + Q (however, CH indicates a plastic gas).
Oxidation (combustion) at 000 ° C generates heat (Q),
This heat (Q) is recovered by the heat recovery unit 3 (second step).

When heating the GFRP raw material A in the gasification furnace 1 and burning the plastic gas A ₁ in the combustion furnace 2, CH + H
Absorbs heat by ₂ O → the reaction of CO + 3 / 2H _2, reaction gently proceeds be allowed to Kyokusho high-temperature occurrence that when the oxygen of the combustion heat or plastic gas and air with oxygen GFRP in the air , The caulking phenomenon can be prevented.

Next, an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the GFRP raw material gasifier of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the apparatus is formed in a tubular shape and has a gasification furnace (kiln) 1 rotatably installed in a horizontal state and a plastic gas combustion furnace 2 connected to and installed in the gasification furnace 1. And a heat recovery unit 3 connected to the combustion furnace 2.

The gasification furnace 1 is heated by adding oxygen 7 and water vapor 6 to the GFRPF raw material A supplied finely crushed in advance and gasifying the plastic in the GFRP to gasify the plastic to generate a plastic gas A ₁ . heating unit which, plastic consists recovery unit for recovering from the discharge port 5 a glass fiber a ₂ remaining after gasification, combustion furnace 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape or a box shape, connected to the gasification furnace 1 And a device that adds air 7 and, if necessary, steam 6 to the plastic gas A ₁ guided from the gasification furnace 1 and burns the heat. The heat recovery unit 3 recovers the amount of heat generated in the combustion furnace 2. It consists of a collecting device.

Next, a gasification treatment procedure by the present gasifier will be described. First, the GFRP raw material A is finely crushed in advance and supplied to the rotating gasification furnace 1. In the gasification furnace 1, air 7 and water vapor 6 are added and heated to 650 to 750 ° C., whereby the plastic material of GFRP is gasified to generate a plastic gas A ₁ , and G
Glass fiber mixed in FRP (melting point about 830 ℃)
A ₂ remains in the furnace 1, moves with the rotation of the gasification furnace 1, and is collected from the discharge port 5.

On the other hand, the plastic gas A ₁ is led to the combustion furnace 2. Then, in the combustion furnace 2, air 7 and an appropriate amount of steam 6 are further added as required, so that the plastic gas A ₁ becomes CH + 3 / 2O ₂ → CO ₂ + 1 / 2H ₂ O + Q.
And oxidizes (combustes) at about 700 to 1,000 ° C. to generate a heat quantity Q. The combustion gas is led to a heat recovery unit (heat exchanger or the like) 3 where the heat quantity Q is recovered.

As described above, heat absorption is performed by adding steam 6 together with air 7 in the gasification furnace 1 and the combustion furnace 2, so that the reaction is moderated by appropriately adjusting the amount of steam 6. By proceeding, gasification of the plastic is performed at an appropriate temperature, so that glass fiber recovery and heat recovery can be performed effectively.

[0018]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described to further clarify the effects of the present invention.

(Example 1) GFR for boats having the following analysis values
P was cut into about 5 mm squares, and GFRP raw material A was gasified according to the flow shown in FIG. 1 to recover heat. Gasification unit 1
The combustion section 2 uses a quartz tube with an inner diameter of 5 cm, the total length of the quartz pipes of the gasification section 1 and the combustion section 2 is set to 2 m, and the temperature of the gasification section 1 is set to 600 to 900 ° C. In addition, the temperature of the combustion section 2 can be changed and set to 700 to 1,000 ° C.
At a constant speed. Analysis value of GFRP C: 50.4 wt% H: 4.4 wt% O: 7.5 wt% Water content: 0.0 wt% Ash content (including glass fiber): 37.7 wt%

The conditions of the gasification section 1 and the combustion section 2 are set as shown in Table 1, and a wool or filter made of quartz is provided at the inlet of the heat recovery section 3 soot or tar in the generated gas is generated. It was used for collection when it was done. Predetermined time (about 35
Minutes) After the test, the glass fiber was taken out, its appearance was observed, and unburned carbon was analyzed. The results are also shown in Table 1.

[0021]

[Table 1]

(Embodiment 2) Next, an embodiment of the gasification apparatus for GFRP of the present invention will be described. This device has the same configuration as the device described with reference to FIG. Hereinafter, the specifications, operating conditions, and operating results of each part of the device are shown. Note that the same GFRP raw material as described in Example 1 was used. ○ Equipment Specifications Gasification furnace 1: Diameter 150 × Length 500 (mm) Gasification furnace rotation speed: 6 rpm Combustion furnace 2: Diameter 200 × Length 1500 (mm) ○ Operating conditions Gasification furnace 1 temperature: 700 ° C Gasification Furnace 1 steam supply rate: 3.6 Nm ³ / h Gasification furnace 1 air supply rate: 5.0 Nm ³ / h Combustion furnace 2 temperature: 990 ° C. Combustion furnace 2 air supply rate: 5.4 Nm ³ / h Operation result Combustion gas amount: 15.3 Nm ³ / h Gas composition: CO ₂ = 21.7, N ₂ = 79.3
(Vol%) Gasification rate (ratio of carbon converted to CO ₂ with respect to carbon 100 in GFRP): 100% Residue: only white glass fiber containing no unreacted carbon component and coking material (continuous recovery)

[0023]

According to the present invention, in the gasification section (gasification furnace), the GFRP raw material is gasified by adding air and an appropriate amount of water vapor. Can be recovered.
Further, since the gasified plastic gas is burned in a combustion section (combustion furnace) under mild conditions, heat recovery can be performed without causing damage to the furnace wall due to high-temperature combustion as in the related art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of one embodiment of the gasification method of GFRP of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of one embodiment of a gasification treatment apparatus for GFRP of the present invention.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Ritsuo Hashimoto 4-22, Kannonshinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hiroshima Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Hirotoshi Horizoe Kannon-Shinmachi 4 in Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima No. 6-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Hiroshima Research Laboratory (56) References JP-A-4-215882 (JP, A) US Patent 3,476,664 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB Name) C10J 3/00 B09B 3/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first step of adding air and water vapor to a supplied glass fiber reinforced plastic raw material and heating the glass fiber reinforced plastic raw material to 650 to 750 ° C. to gasify the plastic material and collect residual glass fiber. And introducing the gasified plastic gas to the combustion section and further adding air or a mixture of air and water vapor to 700 to 1,000.
A method for gasifying glass fiber reinforced plastics, comprising a second step of recovering the amount of heat generated by burning at a temperature of ° C. 2. A heating device which is rotatably installed in a horizontal shape formed in a tubular shape, adds air and water vapor to the supplied glass fiber reinforced plastic material, and heats it to 650 to 750 ° C. to gasify the plastic material. Gasifier, which is connected to the gasifier and is erected from the plastic gas introduced from the gasifier, further comprising air or air and steam. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: a combustion furnace for burning at a temperature of 700 to 1,000 [deg.] C., and a heat recovery device for recovering a calorific value of gas generated from the combustion furnace.
Glass fiber reinforced plastic gasifier for carrying out .