JP2983028B2 - Artificial root - Google Patents
Artificial rootInfo
- Publication number
- JP2983028B2 JP2983028B2 JP1265007A JP26500789A JP2983028B2 JP 2983028 B2 JP2983028 B2 JP 2983028B2 JP 1265007 A JP1265007 A JP 1265007A JP 26500789 A JP26500789 A JP 26500789A JP 2983028 B2 JP2983028 B2 JP 2983028B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- diameter
- head
- artificial tooth
- arc shape
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
- A61C8/0019—Blade implants
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、人工歯を固定するため顎骨内に埋め込まれ
る人工歯根（インプラント）の改良に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improvement of an artificial root (implant) implanted in a jawbone for fixing an artificial tooth.
人工歯根は通常、顎骨内に埋め込まれる部分が薄い偏
平なブレードで構成され、これを顎骨に沿って埋め込ん
だとき骨と密着嵌合して強い結合力を発揮し、その上に
取り付けられる人工歯を安定かつ堅固に支持し得るもの
でなくてはならない。Artificial dental roots usually consist of thin flat blades that are embedded in the jawbone, and when implanted along the jawbone, they fit tightly with the bone to exert a strong bonding force, and the artificial tooth attached on it Must be able to be supported stably and firmly.
ブレードにはヘッドが取り付けられ、このヘッドに人
工歯を冠せて支持するものであるが、歯には約35〜70kg
f程度の咬合力が作用するから、良好な埋め込みができ
ていない場合には、緩んだり移動したりして安定性が悪
く長期の使用に耐えないという問題を生じる。The head is attached to the blade, and the artificial tooth is crowned and supported on this head, but the teeth are about 35 to 70 kg
Since an occlusal force of about f acts, if good embedding is not performed, there is a problem that the stability is poor due to looseness or movement, and it cannot withstand long-term use.
ブレードの表面に部分的にアパタイトやセラミックス
類を固着させて凹凸を形成したものも提案されている
が、これらの層の厚さがμｍオーダー以下でないとブレ
ードの金属中への拡散が充分になされなかったり、膨張
係数の差があったりして強度的に弱かった。There are also proposals in which apatite or ceramics are partially adhered to the surface of the blade to form irregularities. However, if the thickness of these layers is not less than the order of μm, the blade can sufficiently diffuse into the metal. The strength was weak due to lack of expansion coefficient.
本発明は叙上の問題点を解決するためなされたもので
あり、その目的とするところは顎骨への結合力が極めて
強固になされ、耐久性に優れた人工歯根を提供すること
にある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an artificial dental root having an extremely strong binding force to a jaw bone and excellent durability.
上記の目的は、植込み先端縁が円弧形状をなす半月状
の２枚のブレードを、棒状のヘッドの下端近くの領域に
当該ヘッドを両側から挟む状態で平行に固着し、各ブレ
ードには、その植込み先端縁の円弧形状と同心の円弧状
の穴を明けると共に、ブレードの表面に直径50μｍ以上
300μｍ以下で深さd/直径ｈが0.5以上100以下の多数の
円穴から成るダル加工（微細凹凸加工）を施し、ヘッド
の下端部は、ブレードの植込み先端縁の円弧形状と同心
の小径の円弧形状に形成したことを特徴とする人工歯根
によって達成し得る。The above object is achieved by fixing two blades of a semilunar shape having an arc shape at the leading edge of the implant in parallel to a region near the lower end of the rod-shaped head while sandwiching the head from both sides. Drill an arc-shaped hole that is concentric with the arc shape of the tip of the implantation, and at least 50 μm in diameter on the blade surface
Dull processing (fine unevenness processing) consisting of a large number of circular holes with a depth d / diameter h of 0.5 or more and 100 or less with a depth of 300 μm or less is performed. The lower end of the head has a small diameter concentric with the arc shape of the blade tip end edge. This can be achieved by an artificial tooth root characterized by being formed in an arc shape.
深さd/直径ｈが0.5以下であると、顎骨との結合強度
がダル加工をしないものと大差がなくなる。When the depth d / diameter h is 0.5 or less, the bonding strength with the jaw bone is not much different from that without dulling.
また、これを100以上にしようとすると加工が困難と
なるのみで顎骨との結合強度が特に向上することがな
い。On the other hand, if the ratio is increased to 100 or more, only the processing becomes difficult, and the bonding strength with the jaw bone is not particularly improved.
上記の如き構成であると、ブレード表面の微細な凹部
内に顎骨の組織が再生して食い込み、顎骨に対して極め
て強固な結合がなされると共に、ブレードの金属自体に
凹凸表面処理が施されているため耐久性にも優れた人工
歯根が提供できるものである。With the above-described configuration, the tissue of the jawbone regenerates and digs into the fine recesses on the blade surface, forming an extremely strong bond to the jawbone, and the metal surface of the blade is subjected to an uneven surface treatment. Therefore, an artificial tooth root having excellent durability can be provided.
また、各ブレードには、その植込み先端縁の円弧形状
と同心の円弧状の穴を明けたことにより、この孔を通し
て骨が再生されるので、顎骨内でブレードが一層強固に
固定支持される。In addition, since each blade has an arc-shaped hole that is concentric with the arc shape of the implantation leading edge, the bone is regenerated through this hole, so that the blade is more firmly fixed and supported in the jaw bone.
更にまた、ヘッドの下端部を、ブレードの植込み先端
縁の円弧形状と同心の小径の円弧形状に形成したことに
より、顎骨に対してブレードの植込み溝を加工すると
き、その加工用回転工具と同軸に設けた小径の回転工具
で、ヘッドの下端部を埋め込むための小径の溝を同時に
かつ正確に加工できるため、人工歯根のブレード及びヘ
ッド下端の外径に完全に対応する植込み溝の加工が容易
となり、この点においても、顎骨に対する人工歯根の強
固な結合が得られるものである。Furthermore, by forming the lower end portion of the head into a small-diameter arc shape concentric with the arc shape of the blade implantation tip edge, when machining the blade implantation groove with respect to the jawbone, it is coaxial with the machining rotary tool. With the small-diameter rotary tool provided in, the small-diameter groove for embedding the lower end of the head can be processed simultaneously and accurately, making it easy to machine the implant groove completely corresponding to the outer diameter of the blade of the artificial tooth root and the lower end of the head. In this respect as well, a strong connection of the artificial tooth root to the jaw bone can be obtained.
以下、本発明を図面を参照しつつ具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明にかかる人工歯根の一実施例を示す正
面図、第２図はその側面図、第３図はそのブレードの拡
大断面図、第４図はレーザ加工装置を用いて本発明にか
かる人工歯根のブレードのダル加工を施す状態を示す模
式図である。FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an artificial tooth root according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the blade, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state where dulling is performed on the blade of the artificial tooth root according to FIG.
第１図に示した本発明にかかる人工歯根は、先端が円
弧状に形成された２枚のブレード１及び１′を第２図に
示のように平行に対向させ、両者間に棒状のヘッド２を
挟んだ状態でこれらを一体的に結合して単一構造とした
ものである。ブレード１の厚さｔ＝0.1〜0.5mm程度、埋
込み深さＤ＝４〜6mm程度、幅Ｈ＝10〜30mm程度であ
り、ヘッド２の長さＬ＝５〜10mm程度、厚さＴ＝２〜3m
m程度に作製され、ブレード１を顎骨に切った溝に植込
み保持させ、口腔内に露出するヘッド２上に人工歯を嵌
挿支持させるようになっている。なお、ブレード１の孔
1aは、これを通して骨が再生され、ブレード１を強固に
固定支持させるためのものであり、またヘッド２の孔2a
は植込み、引抜き等の手術の際に便利なように設けてあ
る。In the artificial tooth root according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, two blades 1 and 1 'each having an arc-shaped tip are opposed in parallel as shown in FIG. These are integrally connected to each other while sandwiching them in a single structure. The thickness t of the blade 1 is about 0.1 to 0.5 mm, the embedding depth D is about 4 to 6 mm, the width H is about 10 to 30 mm, the length L of the head 2 is about 5 to 10 mm, and the thickness T is 2 ~ 3m
m, the blade 1 is implanted and held in a groove cut into the jawbone, and an artificial tooth is inserted and supported on the head 2 exposed in the oral cavity. The hole of the blade 1
1a is used to regenerate the bone through which the blade 1 is firmly fixed and supported.
Are provided for convenience in operations such as implantation and withdrawal.
而して、本発明にかかる人工歯根においては、そのブ
レード１（及び１′）の表面にダル加工による微細な凹
部1b,1b（第３図参照）を形成し、再生した骨の組織が
この凹部内に食い込んで、ブレード１と顎骨との堅固な
結合が行われるようになっている。骨が充分に再生すれ
ば、孔1a内にも骨は侵入して結合力は強固となるが、本
発明にかかる人工歯根はそれ以前の段階においてもダル
加工による凹部1b,1b内に骨が侵入して初期段階におけ
る結合力が大幅に増強されるものである。Thus, in the artificial tooth root according to the present invention, fine concave portions 1b and 1b (see FIG. 3) are formed on the surface of the blade 1 (and 1 ') by dulling, and the regenerated bone tissue is formed. By penetrating into the concave portion, a firm connection between the blade 1 and the jaw bone is made. If the bone is sufficiently regenerated, the bone penetrates into the hole 1a and the bonding strength becomes strong.However, the artificial tooth according to the present invention also has the bone in the concave portions 1b, 1b formed by dull processing even at an earlier stage. It is the one that penetrates and greatly enhances the bonding force in the initial stage.
また、ブレードの表面に部分的にアパタイトやセラミ
ックス等を付着させる場合にも、本発明の如くダル加工
が施してあると、その微細な凹部内にもセラミックス等
が侵入して強固な接着力が得られる。In addition, even when apatite or ceramics is partially adhered to the surface of the blade, if dulling is performed as in the present invention, ceramics and the like enter into the minute concave portions and a strong adhesive force is obtained. can get.
上記ダル加工による微細な凹部の穴の直径ｈは50〜30
0μｍ、密度は面積率で60％以上、深さd/直径ｈはレー
ザ加工による場合、0.5程度、水中放電加工による場合1
0〜50程度とするのが好適である。The diameter h of the hole of the fine concave portion by the dull processing is 50 to 30
0 μm, density is 60% or more in area ratio, depth d / diameter h is about 0.5 when using laser processing, 1 when using underwater electric discharge machining
It is preferable to set it to about 0 to 50.
従来どおりブレードの表面の平滑なものと、全面にダ
ル加工を施した本発明のものを顎骨に埋め込み、25週間
後の引張剪断強度を比較したところ、本発明のものが従
来品に比べて50〜80倍の強度を有することが判明した。The blade of the present invention having a smooth blade surface as before and the one of the present invention subjected to dulling on the entire surface were embedded in the jawbone, and the tensile shear strength after 25 weeks was compared. It was found to have 〜80 times the strength.
なお、図１に示す如く、ヘッド２の下端面は、ブレー
ド１の植込み先端縁の円弧形状と同心の小径の円弧形状
に形成される。このような円弧形状とすることにより、
前記のとおり、顎骨に対してブレードの植込み溝を加工
するとき、その加工用回転奥具と同軸に設けた小径の回
転工具で、ヘッドの下端部を埋め込むための小径の溝を
同時に加工できるため、人工歯根のブレード及びヘッド
下端の外形に完全に対応する植込み溝の加工が容易とな
り、この点においても、顎骨に対する人工歯根の強固な
結合が得られる。As shown in FIG. 1, the lower end surface of the head 2 is formed in a small-diameter arc shape concentric with the arc shape of the tip end of the blade 1. With such an arc shape,
As described above, when machining the implantation groove of the blade for the jawbone, a small-diameter rotary tool provided coaxially with the processing rotation accessory can simultaneously process a small-diameter groove for embedding the lower end of the head. In addition, it is easy to machine the implant groove completely corresponding to the contours of the blade of the artificial tooth root and the lower end of the head, and also in this respect, a strong connection of the artificial tooth root to the jaw bone can be obtained.
第４図には、複合レーザ加工装置を用いて本発明の人
工歯根のブレードのダル加工を行う状態が示されてお
り、図中、40は処理すべきブレード、41は加工テーブ
ル、42は加工テーブル41をＸ−Ｙ軸方向に移動させるク
ロススライドテーブル、43及び44はこれを駆動するモー
タ、45は所定のプログラムに従い加工送りを制御する数
値制御装置、46は出力100Wの主レーザ照射器、47は出力
20Wの副レーザ照射器、48は上記料レーザ照射器のドラ
イブ回路、49は両レーザ照射器のレーザ光を合成するプ
リズム、50はブレード40上にレーザ光を収束させるレン
ズである。FIG. 4 shows a state in which dulling of the blade of the artificial tooth root of the present invention is performed using the composite laser processing apparatus. In the figure, 40 is a blade to be processed, 41 is a processing table, and 42 is a processing table. A cross slide table for moving the table 41 in the X-Y axis directions, 43 and 44 are motors for driving the tables, 45 is a numerical controller for controlling machining feed according to a predetermined program, 46 is a main laser irradiator having an output of 100 W, 47 is output
A 20 W sub-laser irradiator, 48 is a drive circuit of the above laser irradiator, 49 is a prism for synthesizing the laser light of both laser irradiators, and 50 is a lens for converging the laser light on the blade 40.
処理に際しては、数値制御装置45からの指令に基づき
クロススライドテーブル42をＸ−Ｙ軸方向に移動させ、
ブレード40へのレーザ光の照射位置を連続的に移行させ
ながら、数値制御装置45の指令に基づき主レーザ照射器
46から数kHzオーダーの高周波数でパルス状に断続的に
レーザ光を照射することによりブレードの表面に微細な
穴が順次形成されるものである。副レーザ照射器47から
は穴の明かない程度の弱いレーザ光を連続的に照射して
おくことにより、主レーザ照射器46からのレーザ光の吸
収率を高めて処理効率を向上させることができる。主レ
ーザ照射器46を10kHzで断続照射させながら、直径ｈ＝1
50μｍ、深さd/直径ｈ＝３〜６のダル加工を6m/sの送り
速度で処理することができた。At the time of processing, the cross slide table 42 is moved in the X-Y axis directions based on a command from the numerical controller 45,
While continuously shifting the irradiation position of the laser beam to the blade 40, the main laser irradiator is controlled based on a command from the numerical controller 45.
By irradiating the laser light intermittently in pulses at a high frequency of 46 to several kHz order, fine holes are sequentially formed on the surface of the blade. By continuously irradiating the weak laser light that does not make a hole from the sub-laser irradiator 47, it is possible to improve the processing efficiency by increasing the absorptivity of the laser light from the main laser irradiator 46 . While the main laser irradiator 46 is intermittently irradiated at 10 kHz, the diameter h = 1
Dull processing with a depth of 50 μm and a depth d / diameter h = 3 to 6 could be processed at a feed rate of 6 m / s.
単独レーザ照射器の場合は、同様の処理を60cm/sで行
うことができた。In the case of a single laser irradiator, the same processing could be performed at 60 cm / s.
また、MWの場合、Ip＝80A、τon＝1.5μｓで毎分0.8c
m2の処理を行うことができた。その場合、Ti電極を用
い、Arガス雰囲気中で処理したところ深さd/直径ｈ＝60
となった。In addition, in the case of the MW, Ip = 80A, every minute in the τ on = 1.5μs 0.8c
m 2 processing could be performed. In this case, when a Ti electrode was used and treated in an Ar gas atmosphere, depth d / diameter h = 60
It became.
水中放電加工の場合、Ip＝600A、τon＝1.0μｓで毎
分0.2cm2の処理を行うことができた。その場合、Ti電極
を用いたところ深さd/直径ｈ＝110となった。In the case of underwater electric discharge machining, a processing of 0.2 cm 2 per minute could be performed at Ip = 600 A and τ on = 1.0 μs. In that case, the depth d / diameter h = 110 when the Ti electrode was used.
なお、上記のMW及び水中放電加工において、Ti電極を
用いた場合、いずれにおいてもブレードの表面に厚さ10
〜80μｍ程度のTiC,TiC2,Tiの混合層が形成された。When a Ti electrode was used in the above-mentioned MW and underwater electric discharge machining, a thickness of 10 mm was applied to the blade surface in each case.
A mixed layer of TiC, TiC 2 , and Ti having a thickness of about 80 μm was formed.
本発明は叙上の如く構成されるから、本発明によると
きは、ダル加工を施したブレード表面の微細な凹部内に
再生した顎骨の組織が食い込み、人工歯根を埋め込んだ
比較的初期の段階から顎骨に対して極めて強固な結合が
なされ、耐久性にも優れた人工歯根を提供し得るもので
ある。Since the present invention is configured as described above, according to the present invention, the tissue of the regenerated jawbone bites into the fine concave portions of the dulled blade surface, and from a relatively early stage in which the artificial tooth root is embedded. It is possible to provide an artificial tooth root that is extremely firmly bonded to the jaw bone and has excellent durability.
また、各ブレードには、その植込み先端縁の円形形状
と同心の円弧状の孔を明けたこと、更にまた、ヘッドの
下端部を、ブレードの植込み先端縁の円弧形状と同心の
小径の円弧形状に形成したことにより、顎骨に対する人
工歯根の極めて堅固な結合が得られるものである。In addition, each blade has an arc-shaped hole concentric with the circular shape of the implanted leading edge, and the lower end of the head has a small-diameter arc concentric with the arc shaped of the implanted leading edge. Thus, an extremely firm connection of the artificial tooth root to the jaw bone can be obtained.
なお、本発明は叙上の実施例に限定されるものではな
く、例えばダル加工をブレードの表面に部分的に施すこ
とも可能であり、本発明は上記の説明から当業者が容易
に想到し得る全ての変更実施例を包摂するものである。It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, dulling can be partially performed on the surface of the blade, and the present invention can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art from the above description. It encompasses all possible alternative embodiments.
第１図は本発明にかかる人工歯根の一実施例を示す正面
図、第２図はその側面図、第３図はそのブレードの拡大
断面図、第４図はレーザ加工装置を用いて本発明にかか
る人工歯根のブレードのダル加工を施す状態を示す模式
図である。 1,1′……人工歯根のブレード 1a,1a……孔 1b,1b……微細な凹部 ２……人工歯根のヘッド 40……ダル加工すべきブレード 41……加工テーブル 42……クロススライドテーブル 43,44……モータ 45……数値制御装置 46……主レーザ照射器 47……副レーザ照射器 48……ドライブ回路 49……プリズム 50……収束レンズFIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an artificial tooth root according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the blade, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state where dulling is performed on the blade of the artificial tooth root according to FIG. 1,1 ': Artificial root blade 1a, 1a ... Hole 1b, 1b ... Fine recess 2 ... Artificial root head 40 ... Blade to be dulled 41 ... Processing table 42 ... Cross slide table 43,44 Motor 45 Numerical controller 46 Main laser irradiator 47 Secondary laser irradiator 48 Drive circuit 49 Prism 50 Convergent lens
Claims (1)
枚のブレード（1,1′）を、棒状のヘッド（２）の下端
近くの領域に当該ヘッドを両側から挟む状態で平行に固
着し、各ブレード（1,1′）には、その植込み先端縁の
円弧形状と同心の円弧状の孔（1a,1a）を明けると共
に、ブレードの表面に直径50μｍ以上300μｍ以下で深
さd/直径ｈが0.5以上100以下の多数の円穴から成るダル
加工を施し、ヘッド（２）の下端部は、ブレードの植込
み先端縁の円弧形状と同心の小径の円弧形状に形成した
ことを特徴とする人工歯根。1. A semilunar 2 having an arcuate shape at the leading edge of the implant.
Blades (1,1 ') are fixed in parallel to a region near the lower end of the rod-shaped head (2) while sandwiching the head from both sides. In addition to drilling arc-shaped holes (1a, 1a) concentric with the arc shape of the edge, dull processing consisting of a number of circular holes with a diameter of 50 μm or more and 300 μm or less and a depth d / diameter h of 0.5 or more and 100 or less on the blade surface Wherein the lower end of the head (2) is formed in a small-diameter arc shape concentric with the arc shape of the blade tip end edge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1265007A JP2983028B2 (en) | 1989-10-13 | 1989-10-13 | Artificial root |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1265007A JP2983028B2 (en) | 1989-10-13 | 1989-10-13 | Artificial root |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03128049A JPH03128049A (en) | 1991-05-31 |
| JP2983028B2 true JP2983028B2 (en) | 1999-11-29 |
Family
ID=17411279
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1265007A Expired - Fee Related JP2983028B2 (en) | 1989-10-13 | 1989-10-13 | Artificial root |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2983028B2 (en) |
-
1989
- 1989-10-13 JP JP1265007A patent/JP2983028B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03128049A (en) | 1991-05-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |