JP2825555B2 - Tools for artificial root implant grooves - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a processing tool for processing an implant groove for implanting an artificial root (implant) in oral bone.

[Conventional technology and problems]

Conventionally, artificial tooth roots consist of thin flat blades that are implanted in the jaw bone.When this is implanted along the jaw bone, it closely fits with the bone to exert a strong bonding force, and the artificial tooth attached on it The teeth need to be supported stably and firmly. In order to implant this artificial tooth root, one or two straight grooves are formed along the jawbone, but it is easy to machine the grooves linearly and accurately using a rotating disk plate or the like. In addition, it is difficult to accurately process the groove to a predetermined depth. Furthermore, processing becomes more difficult because bodily fluids such as blood and saliva are secreted during processing.In addition, when implanting multiple artificial roots alongside the jawbone, it is necessary to adjust the spacing and positioning between them. Yes, grooving is an extremely difficult task. The dimensional accuracy, linearity,
If the depth, position, and the like are not accurately processed, the depth must be adjusted in the subsequent stage of implantation, and the implant must be positioned and implanted accurately, requiring considerable skill and handling. Overfilling of the artificial roots can impinge on and damage the mandibular tissue through nerves and blood vessels.
Then, such overfilling cannot be easily corrected, and if lifted up a little, gradual implantation is performed, and there is a disadvantage that holding power is reduced and satisfactory implantation cannot be performed. In addition, a head is attached to the blade, and the head is supported with artificial teeth.
Since an occlusal force of about kgf acts, if the implant is not properly implanted, there is a drawback that if the implant is loosened or moved, the stability is poor and it cannot withstand long-term use.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention has been made in view of such a point,
An object of the present invention is to provide a machining tool capable of machining a good implantation groove of an artificial tooth root for a jaw bone. A blade having an implantation tip edge contour formed by connecting one arc or a plurality of arcs is provided. A tool for machining and forming a groove for implanting at least one artificial tooth root into a jaw bone, comprising a disk-shaped cutter having a plurality of blades formed on an outer periphery of a disk having a radius substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the arc. Is fixed on one rotation axis in parallel according to the number of blades of the artificial tooth root and corresponding to the interval between the blades,
Further, a cutter having a smaller diameter than the disc-shaped cutter is provided outside the area on the rotation axis where the respective disc-shaped cutters are attached and the area, and the cutter is parallel to the rotation axis of the disc-shaped cutter. The same number of jig blades as the disc-shaped cutter are mounted on the fixed shaft at a predetermined distance from the disc-shaped cutter, and are positioned so as to be located in the same plane as the disc-shaped cutter. It is.

[Action]

As described above, in the present invention, a cutter formed by forming a large number of blades on the outer periphery having a curvature substantially equal to the curvature of an arc forming the contour of the implanted leading edge of the artificial tooth blade is reduced by the number of blades of the artificial tooth root. Depending on the high-speed rotation axis or rotation axis, it is fixed in parallel with the distance between the above blades, and this is rotated or rotated at high speed. Since it is grooved in the jaw bone, it closely adheres to the blade surface of the artificial tooth root The groove to be fitted can be easily formed, and the implanting and holding of the artificial tooth root can be performed extremely well and stably. Also,
Since the jig blade can be inserted into the previously implanted groove to determine the next processing position, a groove for implanting a blade having a contour shape connecting a plurality of arcs, or a plurality of artificial tooth roots can be formed. Processing of the implantation groove can be performed accurately and easily.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an artificial tooth root, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof.

In this artificial tooth root, two blades 1 and 1 'each having an arc-shaped tip as shown in FIG. 1 are opposed to each other in parallel as shown in FIG. 2, and a rod-shaped head 2 is sandwiched between them. In this state, they are integrally combined to form a single structure. Blade 1 thickness t = about 0.1-0.5mm, depth D = 4
The head 2 has a length L of about 5 to 10 mm and a thickness T of about 2 to 3 mm. The blade 1 is implanted and held in a groove cut into the jaw bone. The artificial teeth are inserted and supported on the head 2 exposed in the oral cavity. The hole 1a of the blade 1 is used to regenerate the bone through which the blade 1 is firmly fixed and supported, and the hole 2a of the head 2 is used for convenient operations such as implantation and extraction. It is provided.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an embodiment of the rotary cutter for performing the groove processing for implanting the artificial tooth root, and FIG. 4 is a side view thereof.

As shown in the figure, two large-diameter cutters 3 and 3 'each having a number of blades 3a formed at equal intervals on the outer periphery of a disk are fixed in parallel to each other and perpendicularly to the rotating shaft 4, and between the cutters 3 and 3'. The small-diameter cutter 5 is fixed to the rotating shaft 4 while being sandwiched. A small-diameter cutter 5 'is also attached to the opposite side of the small-diameter cutter 5 with the large-diameter cutter 3' interposed therebetween, as needed, and is used for machining a groove 6d on one side of the jaw bone 6.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which a groove for implanting an artificial tooth root in the jaw bone has been formed by the rotary cutter. The groove 6a is formed by the large-diameter cutter 3 and the groove 6b is formed by the large-diameter cutter 3 '.
6c is processed by the small-diameter cutter 5, and the groove 6d is processed by the small-diameter cutter 5 '.

Thus, the turning radius R (the third radius) of the blade 3a of the large diameter cutters 3, 3 '
(See FIG. 4) is a dimension corresponding to the radius of the arc of the blade 1, and the thickness t of the large-diameter cutters 3, 3 '(see FIG. 4) is also made substantially equal to the thickness t of the blade 1. Also 2
The interval between the large-diameter cutters 3, 3 'is fixed on the rotating shaft 4 so as to be substantially equal to the blade interval T. The turning radius r of the small diameter cutter 5 is set substantially equal to the lower end radius of the head 2 between the blades of the artificial tooth root.

The large-diameter cutter 3 (and 3 ') is processed by reducing the thickness of a portion inside the peripheral edge 3a as shown in FIG. Consideration has been given to reducing the friction with the groove wall and improving the workability.

It is also recommended that the cutter 3 and the blade 3a be sharpened alternately in opposite directions from both side surfaces of the cutter to form a so-called set (the same applies to the blade of the cutter 3 '). Further, by coating the edge of the side surface of the blade 3a with a super hard material thinly by a discharge coating method or the like, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance can be improved, and stable sharpness can be maintained.

Grooving is performed on the jaw bone with the incised gums incised from the alveolar crest with the above-mentioned rotary cutter. Cut). The large-diameter cutter 3, 3 'allows the two blades 1
Two parallel grooves into which 1 'is implanted can be processed simultaneously. The bottom of the groove is machined into an arc shape of the blades 1 and 1 ', and the groove width is machined so as to have a gap of about 0.025 to 0.05 mm on one side with the blades. Thereby, the blade is fixed in a state fitted in the groove. In addition, a concave portion corresponding to the circular arc at the lower end of the head 2 is simultaneously formed between the two grooves by the small-diameter cutter 5, and the lower end of the head 2 is fitted and fixed to the concave portion, and the implant holding power is high as a whole. In this state, stable implantation of the artificial tooth root becomes possible.

Thus, in addition to the artificial root shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
Also provided is an artificial tooth root which has a high implant holding power to the jawbone and is configured so that two artificial teeth can be attached together. FIG. 7 is a front view of one embodiment thereof, and FIG. A side view is shown. The blades 1 and 1 'in this embodiment are in the form of a two-piece mountain in which two half-moon-shaped blades 1 shown in FIG. 1 are connected, and two heads 2 are fixed between the blades 1 and 1'. ing. The thickness t, depth D, length L, thickness T, etc. of the blade 1 are substantially the same as those shown in FIG. When a groove for implanting such an artificial tooth root is formed in the jaw bone, FIGS.
The two grooves as described above are machined using a rotary cutter as shown in the figure, and the two heads 2 of the artificial tooth root
It is also possible by machining the same two grooves once again at a position separated by the distance between them, in which case,
It is difficult to perform the second machining on the exact extension of the first machining groove, and it is very difficult to form an implanted groove that perfectly fits the artificial tooth root shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 shows a processing tool provided with a positioning jig suitable for processing a groove for implanting an artificial tooth root as shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows a processing state.

In the machining tool shown in FIG. 9, 3, 3 'are large-diameter cutters similar to those shown in FIG. 4, and 5, 5' are small-diameter cutters. 4 is a gripper 7
It is fixed to a chuck 8 attached to a shaft of a motor housed therein. Reference numerals 9, 9 'denote sector-shaped positioning jig blades having the same arc radius and thickness as those of the artificial tooth root-implanting blades 1, 1'. It is fixed parallel to the blades 1,1 'at the same distance and therefore also to the large diameter cutters 3,3'. That is, the jig blade 9 is mounted on the same plane as the large-diameter cutter 3 and the jig blade 9 'is mounted on the same plane as the large-diameter cutter 3'. Reference numeral 12 denotes a joint fixed to both ends of the gripping portion 7 of the groove machining tool. The support shaft 10 of the jig is rotatably held at the end of the joint by a hinge 11.

FIG. 10 shows a state in which grooves are formed by the large-diameter cutters 3, 3 'and the small-diameter cutters 5, 5' using the jig blades 9, 9 ', and the jaw bone 6 previously processed is shown. Machining grooves 6a, 6b
The jig blades 9, 9 'are inserted and guided in the jig blades (see also FIG. 4), and the large-diameter cutters 3, 3' are cut down while being positioned at predetermined intervals based on the jig blades 9, 9 '. By completing the grooving at the depth where the 9, 9 'hits the bottom of the grooving groove, accurately processing two parallel grooves with the same width on the extension of the two grooves previously processed Is possible. Further, the processing depth can be accurately set to a predetermined depth.

Since the processing of the jawbone involves the overflow of blood and other body fluids, it is difficult to determine the processing position because the entire processing part is dirty, and the relative position between the previously processed part and the next processing part is accurately positioned. It was difficult, but by using the processing tool as described above, inserting the jig blades 9 and 9 'into the previous processing groove and positioning the cutter based on this, it was possible to accurately position the cutter at the correct position. This makes it possible to perform complicated groove processing.

In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the support shaft 10 of the jig blade is hinged to the joint 12, but the jig blades 9, 9 'may be hinged to the support shaft 10. In that case, jig blade 9,
By inserting the 9 'while tilting it, it can be easily inserted into the machining groove.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of a processing tool provided with a positioning jig suitable for processing a groove for implanting an artificial tooth root as shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the processing state.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, two large-diameter sector-shaped cutters 13, 13 'are arranged in parallel with each other on a rotating shaft 15 instead of the large-diameter cutters 3, 3' in the embodiment shown in FIG. Sticks to
A small-diameter fan-shaped cutter 14 is attached between them. Gripping part 7
An actuator for reciprocating the rotation shaft 15 is housed therein. The other components are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, and thus they are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

The large-diameter sector-shaped cutters 13 and 13 'and the small-diameter sector-shaped cutter 14 are reciprocated within a predetermined angle range as shown in FIG. Grooving is performed on the jawbone by the blades 13a, 14a and the like. Jig blade 9,
The function and usage of 9 'are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.

In addition, the tool for machining the implanted groove shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 11 not only processes the implanted groove of the artificial tooth as shown in FIG. 7 but also includes the rotating shaft of the cutter and the supporting shaft of the jig blade. It can be easily understood that the spacing can be adjusted so that the artificial root can be suitably used also in the case of processing a groove when a plurality of artificial roots as shown in FIG. 1 are arranged in a straight line and implanted.

〔The invention's effect〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, when using the processing tool according to the present invention, the cutter arranged corresponding to the blade of the artificial tooth root is rotated or rotated at high speed to form a groove in the jaw bone. Therefore, a groove that fits tightly and accurately to the surface of the blade of the artificial tooth root can be easily formed, and the implantation of the artificial tooth root can be performed extremely well and stably. In addition, since the attached jig blade can be inserted into the previously machined implantation groove to determine the next machining position, a groove for implanting a blade having a contour shape connected to a plurality of arcs, or a plurality of grooves. Processing of the implant groove of the artificial tooth root can be performed accurately and easily.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the present invention covers all modified embodiments that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art from the above description.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of an artificial tooth root, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a front view showing an embodiment of a rotary cutter for forming a groove for implanting the artificial tooth root. , Fourth
Fig. 5 is a side view thereof, Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state of an implanted groove formed for implanting the artificial tooth root in a jaw bone, Fig. 6 is a front view and a sectional view of a large diameter cutter, and Fig. 7 is FIG. 8 is a front view showing another embodiment of the artificial tooth root, FIG.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a tool for machining an artificial tooth root implant according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a machining state according to the tool. FIG. 11 is an artificial tooth implant according to the present invention. FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the grooving tool, and FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a machining state by this. 1,1 '... Blade of artificial root 2,2' ... Head of artificial root 3,3 '... Large diameter cutter 3a ... Blade 4 ... Rotation axis 5,5' ... Small diameter cutter 6 ... Jaw bone 7 Holder 8 Chuck 9, 9 'Jig blade 10 Support shaft 11 Hinge 12 Joint 13, 13' Large-diameter sector cutter 14 Small-diameter sector cutter 15 Pivot axis

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A61C 8/00, 3/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] At least one blade having an implanted tip edge profile formed by connecting an arc or a plurality of arcs is provided.
A tool for processing and forming a groove for implanting an artificial tooth root into a jawbone, comprising: a disk-shaped cutter having a plurality of blades formed on an outer periphery of a disk having a radius substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the circular arc; An area on the rotation axis where the disk-shaped cutters are fixed in parallel on the rotation axis according to the number of blades of the artificial tooth root and corresponding to the interval between the blades, and each of the disk-shaped cutters is attached. And providing a cutter smaller in diameter than the disc-shaped cutter outside the region, and disposing the same number of jig blades as the disc-shaped cutter on a fixed axis parallel to the rotation axis of the disc-shaped cutter. An artificial tooth root groove machining tool, wherein the tool is mounted at a predetermined distance from the toothed cutter and in the same plane as the disk-shaped cutter. 2. The artificial root implant groove machining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the blade for machining the disk-shaped cutter has a set.