JP2981830B2 - Graft polymerization method of vinyl monomer onto organic polymer substrate surface - Google Patents

Graft polymerization method of vinyl monomer onto organic polymer substrate surface

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Publication number
JP2981830B2
JP2981830B2 JP7030491A JP3049195A JP2981830B2 JP 2981830 B2 JP2981830 B2 JP 2981830B2 JP 7030491 A JP7030491 A JP 7030491A JP 3049195 A JP3049195 A JP 3049195A JP 2981830 B2 JP2981830 B2 JP 2981830B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
graft polymerization
vinyl monomer
organic polymer
base material
plasma
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP7030491A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH08225673A (en
Inventor
敏博 広津
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
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Priority to JP7030491A priority Critical patent/JP2981830B2/en
Publication of JPH08225673A publication Critical patent/JPH08225673A/en
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Publication of JP2981830B2 publication Critical patent/JP2981830B2/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、有機系高分子基材表面
に対してビニルモノマーを効率よくグラフト重合させる
方法に関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for efficiently graft-polymerizing a vinyl monomer onto the surface of an organic polymer base material.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】有機系高分子をプラズマ放電に曝すと、
その高分子鎖上にはラジカルが形成されるが、この高分
子ラジカルは、アクリル酸やアクリルアミド等のような
ビニルモノマーのグラフト重合の開始点となり、この高
分子ラジカルにビニルモノマーを接触させることによ
り、ビニルモノマーをグラフト重合させることができ
る。このようなプラズマ処理を前処理としたグラフト重
合方法によれば、有機系高分子基材(フィルム、シー
ト、繊維、容器等)表面にビニルモノマーをグラフト重
合させることができ、その基材表面に新たな重合体膜を
形成させることができる。しかしながら、このようなプ
ラズマ処理とグラフト重合を組合せた方法においては、
プラズマ処理した基材をそのプラズマ処理装置からいっ
たん空気中に取出してグラフト重合装置に移す間に、プ
ラズマ処理により基材表面に形成された高分子ラジカル
が空気中の酸素と反応して活性が低下する、即ち、高分
子ラジカルがカルボニル基やパーオキシ基に変換される
ため、グラフト開始点として必要な高分子ラジカル濃度
が減少し、その結果、基材表面にビニルモノマーを接触
させてグラフト重合させるときに、グラフト重合を円滑
に進行させることができなかった。
2. Description of the Related Art When an organic polymer is exposed to plasma discharge,
Radicals are formed on the polymer chains, and the polymer radicals serve as starting points for graft polymerization of vinyl monomers such as acrylic acid and acrylamide. , A vinyl monomer can be graft-polymerized. According to the graft polymerization method using such a plasma treatment as a pretreatment, a vinyl monomer can be graft-polymerized on the surface of an organic polymer base material (film, sheet, fiber, container, etc.), and the base material surface A new polymer film can be formed. However, in such a method combining plasma treatment and graft polymerization,
Once the plasma-treated substrate is removed from the plasma processing unit into the air and transferred to the graft polymerization unit, the polymer radicals formed on the substrate surface by the plasma treatment react with oxygen in the air to reduce the activity. That is, since the polymer radical is converted into a carbonyl group or a peroxy group, the polymer radical concentration required as a graft starting point is reduced, and as a result, when a vinyl monomer is brought into contact with the substrate surface and graft polymerization is performed. In addition, the graft polymerization could not proceed smoothly.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、有機系高分
子基材表面に、プラズマ処理後長時間経過した後でもビ
ニルモノマーを円滑にグラフト重合させる方法を提供す
ることをその課題とする。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for smoothly graft-polymerizing a vinyl monomer onto a surface of an organic polymer base material even after a long time has passed since the plasma treatment.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、前記課題を
解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成するに
至った。即ち、本発明によれば、プラズマ処理工程にお
いて有機系高分子基材の表面をプラズマ処理した後、該
プラズマ処理された有機系高分子基材をそのプラズマ処
理後100分〜17時間で空気との接触下でグラフト重
合工程へ移し、その有機系高分子基材のプラズマ処理表
面に二価鉄イオンを含むビニルモノマー水性溶液を接触
させてその基材の表面にビニルモノマーをグラフト重合
させることを特徴とする有機系高分子基材に対するビニ
ルモノマーのグラフト重合方法が提供される。
Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have completed the present invention. That is, according to the present invention, after plasma-treating the surface of the organic polymer base material in the plasma processing step, the plasma-processed organic polymer base material is exposed to air for 100 minutes to 17 hours after the plasma treatment. Transfer to the graft polymerization step under contact of the organic polymer base material, and bringing the vinyl monomer aqueous solution containing divalent iron ions into contact with the plasma-treated surface of the organic polymer base material to graft-polymerize the vinyl monomer onto the base material surface. A method for graft polymerization of a vinyl monomer onto a characteristic organic polymer substrate is provided.

【0005】[0005]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明においてグラフト重合用基
材として用いる有機系高分子基材は、その少なくとも表
面が有機系高分子で形成されている各種の高分子物品で
あり、その形状は、フィルム、シート、板体、棒体、ビ
ーズ、容器、繊維等であることができる。この場合、高
分子には、従来公知の各種の熱可塑性樹脂や各種のゴム
が包含される。このようなものとしては、例えば、ポリ
エチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、ポリ塩化ビ
ニル、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリブタジエン、セルロ
ース、ポリアミド、ポリアクリルロニトリル、ポリメチ
ルメタクリレート、ビニロン、ポリ(4−フッ化エチレ
ン)、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリスチレン、ABS
樹脂、エチレン/酢酸ビニル共重合体、フェノキシ樹
脂、ポリアセタール、ポリカーボネート、ポリスルホ
ン、ポリメチルペンテン、スチレン/ブタジエンゴム、
イソプレンゴム、フッ素ゴム等が挙げられる。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The organic polymer base material used as a base material for graft polymerization in the present invention is a variety of polymer articles having at least the surface formed of an organic polymer. It can be a film, sheet, plate, rod, bead, container, fiber or the like. In this case, the polymer includes conventionally known various thermoplastic resins and various rubbers. Examples of such materials include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polybutadiene, cellulose, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, vinylon, poly (4-fluoroethylene), and poly (4-fluoroethylene). Dimethyl siloxane, polystyrene, ABS
Resin, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, phenoxy resin, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polymethylpentene, styrene / butadiene rubber,
Examples include isoprene rubber and fluorine rubber.

【0006】本発明の方法を実施するには、先ず、有機
系高分子基材(以下、単に基材とも言う)を、プラズマ
処理する。このプラズマ処理は、従来公知のプラズマ処
理装置を用いて行うことができる。この場合、プラズマ
用ガスとしては、窒素、水素、空気、ヘリウム、アルゴ
ンガス、アンモニアガス等を用いることができる。この
プラズマ処理により、基材の表面には高分子ラジカルが
形成され、その基材表面はグラフト重合に適した活性化
された表面となる。
[0006] In order to carry out the method of the present invention, first, an organic polymer base material (hereinafter simply referred to as a base material) is subjected to a plasma treatment. This plasma processing can be performed using a conventionally known plasma processing apparatus. In this case, as the plasma gas, nitrogen, hydrogen, air, helium, argon gas, ammonia gas, or the like can be used. By this plasma treatment, polymer radicals are formed on the surface of the substrate, and the substrate surface becomes an activated surface suitable for graft polymerization.

【0007】次に、このプラズマ処理された基材は、こ
れをそのプラズマ処理後100分〜17時間で空気との
接触下でグラフト重合装置に移し、ビニルモノマーの水
性溶液をその基材表面に接触させてグラフト重合を行
う。この場合、ビニルモノマーの水性溶液には、二価鉄
イオンを存在させることが必要であり、これによって、
プラズマ処理後長時間経過した後でもグラフト重合を円
滑に進行させることができる。この理由は、基材表面の
高分子ラジカルが空気中酸素と反応して形成されたパー
オキシ基等が、二価鉄イオンによりレドックス的に分解
されて再び高分子ラジカルが生成されることによるもの
と考えられる。
Next, the substrate which has been subjected to the plasma treatment is transferred to a graft polymerization apparatus under contact with air for 100 minutes to 17 hours after the plasma treatment, and an aqueous solution of a vinyl monomer is applied to the surface of the substrate. The graft polymerization is carried out by contact. In this case, the aqueous solution of the vinyl monomer requires the presence of ferrous iron ions, which
Even after a long time after the plasma treatment, the graft polymerization can proceed smoothly. This is because the polymer radicals on the surface of the substrate react with oxygen in the air to form peroxy groups and the like, which are redox-decomposed by ferrous iron ions to produce polymer radicals again. Conceivable.

【0008】本発明で用いるグラフト重合用のビニルモ
ノマー水性溶液は、ビニルモノマーと二価鉄塩を水性溶
媒、例えば、水又は水と水溶性有機溶媒との混合液に溶
解させることにより得ることができる。水溶性有機溶媒
としては、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、プロ
ピルアルコール、ブチルアルコール、エチレングリコー
ル、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソプロピ
ルケトン、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジメチルホルムアミ
ド、2,2−ジメトキシプロパン等が挙げられる。二価
鉄塩としては、硫酸第一鉄(FeSO)、塩化第一鉄
(FeCl)、臭化第一鉄(FeBr)等が挙げら
れる。
The aqueous vinyl monomer solution for graft polymerization used in the present invention can be obtained by dissolving a vinyl monomer and a ferrous salt in an aqueous solvent, for example, water or a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent. it can. Examples of the water-soluble organic solvent include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, 2,2-dimethoxypropane, and the like. Examples of the divalent iron salt include ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 ), ferrous chloride (FeCl 2 ), and ferrous bromide (FeBr 2 ).

【0009】ビニルモノマーの水性溶液中の二価鉄イオ
ンの濃度は水性溶媒に対して、0.01〜3重量%、好
ましくは0.1〜1.0重量%である。ビニルモノマー
の濃度は特に制約されず、水性溶媒に溶解し得る濃度で
あればよいが、少なくとも1重量%以上、好ましくは2
〜50重量%の範囲にするのがよい。ビニルモノマーと
しては、水性溶媒に溶解し得るものであればどのような
ものでも使用可能である。このようなビニルモノマーと
しては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン
酸、イタコン酸、アクリルアミド、N−メチルアクリル
アミド、N,N−ジメチルアクリルアミド、N−イソプ
ロピルアクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、2−ヒドロ
キシエチルメタクリレート、2−ヒドロキシエチルアク
リレート、2−メトキシエチルメタクリレート、2−メ
トキシエチルアクリレート等が挙げられる。これらのビ
ニルモノマーは、単独又は混合物の形で用いることがで
きる。
The concentration of divalent iron ions in the aqueous solution of the vinyl monomer is 0.01 to 3% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1.0% by weight, based on the aqueous solvent. The concentration of the vinyl monomer is not particularly limited, and may be any concentration at which the vinyl monomer can be dissolved in an aqueous solvent.
The content is preferably in the range of 範 囲 50% by weight. Any vinyl monomer can be used as long as it can be dissolved in an aqueous solvent. Examples of such a vinyl monomer include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, acrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, methacrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, Examples thereof include 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate, and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate. These vinyl monomers can be used alone or in the form of a mixture.

【0010】グラフト重合反応は、従来公知の条件に従
って実施され、その反応温度は30〜70℃、好ましく
は40〜60℃であり、反応時間は、通常、0.5〜1
0時間、好ましくは1〜4時間である。前記グラフト重
合により、基材表面には、ビニルモノマーがグラフト重
合され、その基材表面にはビニルモノマーのグラフト重
合体膜が形成される。
[0010] The graft polymerization reaction is carried out under conventionally known conditions, the reaction temperature is 30 to 70 ° C, preferably 40 to 60 ° C, and the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 1 ° C.
0 hours, preferably 1-4 hours. By the graft polymerization, a vinyl monomer is graft-polymerized on the surface of the base material, and a graft polymer film of the vinyl monomer is formed on the surface of the base material.

【0011】[0011]

【実施例】次に本発明を実施例により詳細に説明する。Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

【0012】実施例1 厚さ25μmのポリプロピレンフィルム(6cm×6c
m)をアルゴンガスをプラズ用ガスとするプラズマ処理
装置に入れ、10ワットのエネルギーで1分間プラズマ
処理した。次に、このプラズマ処理されたポリプロピレ
ンフィルムをプラズマ処理装置から取出し、0〜約17
時間にわたって大気中に放置後、真空脱気装置に入れて
脱気処理し、この脱気処理したポリプロピレンフィルム
を、硫酸第一鉄(FeSO)1重量%と2−ヒドロキ
シエチルメタクリレート〔CH=C(CH)COO
OH〕1重量%を含む水溶液(グラフト重合用
溶液)中に60℃の条件下に4時間浸漬してグラフト重
合反応を行った。
Example 1 A polypropylene film (6 cm × 6 c) having a thickness of 25 μm
m) was placed in a plasma processing apparatus using argon gas as a plasma gas, and plasma-processed at 10 watts of energy for 1 minute. Next, the plasma-treated polypropylene film was taken out of the plasma processing apparatus, and 0 to about 17
After being left in the air for a long time, it is placed in a vacuum deaerator to be deaerated, and the deaerated polypropylene film is combined with 1% by weight of ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 ) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate [CH 2 = C (CH 3 ) COO
C 2 H 4 OH] was immersed in an aqueous solution (solution for graft polymerization) containing 1% by weight at 60 ° C. for 4 hours to carry out a graft polymerization reaction.

【0013】比較例1 実施例1において、グラフト重合用溶液に硫酸第一鉄を
添加しない以外は同様にして実験を行った。
Comparative Example 1 An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that ferrous sulfate was not added to the solution for graft polymerization.

【0014】比較例2 実施例2において、グラフト重合用溶液に、硫酸第一鉄
の代りに硫酸第二鉄〔Fe(SO〕を添加した
以外は同様にして実験を行った。
Comparative Example 2 An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 2 except that ferric sulfate [Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ] was added to the solution for graft polymerization instead of ferrous sulfate.

【0015】前記実施例1、比較例1及び比較例2にお
けるグラフト重合反応結果を、プラズマ処理ポリプロピ
レンフィルムを大気中に放置した時間(大気放置時間)
との関連で表1に示す。
The results of the graft polymerization reaction in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were evaluated based on the time during which the plasma-treated polypropylene film was left in the air (time in air).
The relationship is shown in Table 1 below.

【0016】[0016]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0017】表1に示した結果から、プラズマ処理した
ポリプロピレンフィルムの表面に、二価鉄イオンを添加
したグラフト重合用溶液を接触させてグラフト重合を行
うときには、消滅した高分子ラジカルが二価鉄イオンの
作用により再び生成され、そのフィルム表面が再活性化
されることから、プラズマ処理フィルムを長時間大気に
放置した後でも、グラフト重合を円滑に行うことができ
ることがわかる。
From the results shown in Table 1, when graft polymerization is carried out by contacting the surface of a plasma-treated polypropylene film with a graft polymerization solution to which divalent iron ions have been added, the disappeared polymer radicals Since it is generated again by the action of ions and the film surface is reactivated, it can be seen that graft polymerization can be performed smoothly even after the plasma-treated film has been left in the atmosphere for a long time.

【0018】実施例2 実施例1において、ポリプロピレンフィルムに代えて、
ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム、ナイロン−6の
フィルム又はポリテトラフルオロエチレンフィルムを用
いた以外は同様にして実験を行った。これらの場合にお
いて、2時間の大気放置時間後にグラフト重合反応を行
っても、グラフト重合反応は円滑に進行した。
Example 2 In Example 1, instead of the polypropylene film,
The experiment was performed in the same manner except that a polyethylene terephthalate film, a nylon-6 film or a polytetrafluoroethylene film was used. In these cases, the graft polymerization reaction proceeded smoothly even if the graft polymerization reaction was performed after leaving for 2 hours in the air.

【0019】実施例3 実施例1において、2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート
又はアクリルアミドを用いた以外は同様にして実験を行
った。これらの場合において、2時間の大気放置時間後
にグラフト重合反応を行っても、グラフト重合反応は円
滑に進行した。
Example 3 An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate or acrylamide was used. In these cases, the graft polymerization reaction proceeded smoothly even if the graft polymerization reaction was performed after leaving for 2 hours in the air.

【0020】実施例4 実施例1において、グラフト重合用溶液に添加する硫酸
第一鉄の添加量を変化させた以外は同様にして実験を行
った。この場合、大気放置時間を100分とした。その
実験結果を表2に示す。
Example 4 An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of ferrous sulfate added to the solution for graft polymerization was changed. In this case, the time for leaving in the air was 100 minutes. Table 2 shows the experimental results.

【0021】[0021]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0022】[0022]

【発明の効果】本発明の方法によれば、プラズマ処理し
た有機系高分子基材表面にビニルモノマーをグラフト重
合させる際に、プラズマ処理した基材をプラズマ処理装
置からグラフト重合装置に移す時間が100分〜17時
間と長い時間であるため、ゆっくりとした時間でグラフ
ト重合用装置に移すことができるので、基材表面に対す
るビニルモノマーのグラフト重合を工業的規模で容易に
実施することができる。
According to the method of the present invention, when the vinyl monomer is graft-polymerized on the surface of the organic polymer base material subjected to the plasma treatment, the time for transferring the base material subjected to the plasma treatment from the plasma treatment apparatus to the graft polymerization apparatus is obtained. Since the time is as long as 100 minutes to 17 hours, it can be transferred to the apparatus for graft polymerization in a slow time, so that the graft polymerization of the vinyl monomer onto the substrate surface can be easily performed on an industrial scale.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 プラズマ処理工程において有機系高分子
基材の表面をプラズマ処理した後、該プラズマ処理され
た有機系高分子基材をそのプラズマ処理後100分〜1
7時間で空気との接触下でグラフト重合工程へ移し、そ
の有機系高分子基材のプラズマ処理表面に二価鉄イオン
を含むビニルモノマー水性溶液を接触させてその基材の
表面にビニルモノマーをグラフト重合させることを特徴
とする有機系高分子基材に対するビニルモノマーのグラ
フト重合方法。
In a plasma processing step, after the surface of an organic polymer base material is subjected to plasma processing, the plasma-processed organic polymer base material is subjected to 100 minutes to 1 minute after the plasma processing.
After 7 hours, transfer to the graft polymerization step under the contact with air, and bring the vinyl monomer aqueous solution containing divalent iron ions into contact with the plasma-treated surface of the organic polymer base material to bring the vinyl monomer to the surface of the base material A method for graft polymerization of a vinyl monomer onto an organic polymer base material, wherein the graft polymerization is performed.
JP7030491A 1995-02-20 1995-02-20 Graft polymerization method of vinyl monomer onto organic polymer substrate surface Expired - Lifetime JP2981830B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7030491A JP2981830B2 (en) 1995-02-20 1995-02-20 Graft polymerization method of vinyl monomer onto organic polymer substrate surface

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08225673A JPH08225673A (en) 1996-09-03
JP2981830B2 true JP2981830B2 (en) 1999-11-22

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JPH04159337A (en) * 1990-10-23 1992-06-02 Terumo Corp Polymer material with modified surface and its production
JPH04190319A (en) * 1990-11-26 1992-07-08 Seiko Epson Corp Manufacture of contact lens

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