JP2969556B2 - Fall prevention device for structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fall prevention device for a structure, and more particularly to a steel girder and a concrete girder via a resilient bearing device for a plurality of spaced-apart substructures such as piers. In structures that support upper structures that extend in the horizontal direction, such as those that support horizontal structures, fall prevention for structures that prevents the ends of the upper structures from falling off the lower structures due to a large earthquake It concerns the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An upper structure such as a bridge girder usually incorporates a fall prevention device using a PC steel rod and rubber packing. However, a direct type earthquake with an impact such as the Great Hanshin Earthquake is conventionally used. The design using the static reaction force caused a great deal of damage to the superstructure.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks. The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks and provides a method for quickly damping a dynamic reaction force due to an impact to prevent damage to upper and lower structures. The purpose is to provide a prevention device.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a structure fall prevention device according to the present invention comprises an elastic support on a plurality of lower structures 1 erected at a fixed gap. In a structure in which both ends and an intermediate portion of the upper structure 2 extending in the horizontal direction via the device are supported, one of the plurality of support portions is a fixed support portion 8 and the other is a movable support portion 10.
In order to limit the horizontal movement of the upper structure 2 in the longitudinal direction, damping devices 3 are provided at both ends of the upper structure 2, and the damping devices 3 are provided at both longitudinal end surfaces of the upper structure 2. And a damping packing disposed in the gap 4 and fixed to either the reaction wall 5 or an end face of the upper structure 2. 6 is constituted.

Further, the structure fall prevention device of the present invention comprises:
In a structure in which both ends and an intermediate portion of an upper structure 2 extending in a horizontal direction via an elastic bearing device are supported on a plurality of lower structures 1 erected at a fixed gap, One of the support portions is a fixed support portion 8 and the other is a movable support portion 10, and the longitudinal direction of the upper structure 2 after the elastic support device 11 provided on the fixed support portion 8 is broken by horizontal shear deformation. A damping device 3 for controlling the movement of the damper 3 is provided, and a damping packing 6 constituting the damping device 3 is provided on one of the reaction walls of the upper structure 2 or the lower structure 1 in the vicinity of the fixed support portion 8. An engaging portion with which the damping packing 6 collides is provided on the other of the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 1.

According to the present invention, when a horizontal force equal to or more than a predetermined value acts on the upper structure 2 due to a large horizontal force due to an earthquake or the like, of the plurality of support portions for the lower structure 1,
In the movable support portion, the upper structure 2 can move laterally, but in the fixed support portion 8, the horizontal force acting on the upper structure 2 is immediately transmitted to the fixed support portion 8, and the fixed support portion 8 Destroy. As a result, the upper structure 2 is completely free with respect to the lower structure 1 and there is a danger of falling. However, at this time, the horizontal movement of the upper structure 2 in the longitudinal direction is rapidly attenuated by the damping packing 6. , Its horizontal movement is restricted, and the danger of falling over is avoided.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an elastic bearing on a plurality of substructures 1 arranged at a predetermined interval, such as a pier and an abutment. A long upper structure 2 such as a bridge girder is supported via the portion. Of the plurality of elastic bearing portions, the left end portion in the figure of the upper structure 2 is a fixed support portion 8, and the right end portion and an intermediate portion are movable support portions 10. The upper structure 2
Are provided at both ends thereof with a damping device 3 comprising a damping packing 6 for restricting horizontal movement in the longitudinal direction.

FIGS. 2 to 4 show the left end of the upper structure 2 in FIG. 1. This upper structure (for example, a bridge girder) 2 is constituted by arranging two long H-shaped steel members 13 in parallel. The end of each H-shaped steel 13 is fixedly supported by two sets of elastic bearing devices 11 constituting a fixed support portion 8 fixed to a support 14 of the lower structure 1.

The detailed structure of the elastic bearing device 11 is shown in FIG. In the figure, a central support projection 16 made of a steel material and having a circular cross section is integrally formed at the center of the upper surface of a square steel support 15 made of a steel material, and a central support projection 16 is formed on the upper surface of the steel support 15. An annular rubber bearing body 17 having a flat bottom surface is provided so as to surround the bearing protrusion 16. The rubber bearing body 17 includes a cylindrical rubber 18 and
It is composed of a plurality of annular reinforcing plates 20 made of stainless steel embedded in the rubber 18, an upper metal plate 21 fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the rubber 18, and a lower metal plate 22.

[0010] Female screw holes 23 are formed in four places of the upper metal plate 21, and at positions matching the female screw holes 23,
Bolt insertion hole 2 for inserting coupling bolt 24 downward
5 and a lower flange 27 of the H-shaped steel 13 having a bolt hole 26 are arranged on the upper surface of the upper metal plate 21 so as to overlap with each other.

After the elastic bearing device 11 is transported to the vicinity of the construction site, the elastic bearing device 11 is mounted on anchor bolts 28 which are planted at four corners of the support 14 of the lower structure 1 which is a concrete abutment. Fifteen anchor bolt insertion holes 30 are inserted, and the nut 3 screwed into the anchor bolt 28
1, the steel support 15 becomes the support 14 of the substructure 1
Fixed to

Next, the lower flange 27 of the upper structure (bridge girder) 2 made of the H-shaped steel 13 extending in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the girder.
The support member 32 fixed to the lower surface of the rubber support body 17 is placed on the upper surface of the upper metal plate 21 of the rubber support main body 17 and the center support protrusion 16
Is inserted through the center of the rubber bearing main body 17 and is fitted into the central hole 33 of the support member 32.

Next, a lower flange 27 of the H-shaped steel 13
Bolt insertion holes 2 provided in support member 32 respectively
The connecting bolt 24 inserted through the upper metal plate 2
The support member 32 and the upper metal plate 21 of the rubber support main body 17 are integrally connected by the connecting bolt 24 by being screwed into the female screw hole 23.

As described above, in the fixed support portion of the upper structure 2, each end of the two parallel H-shaped steel members 13 is connected to two sets of elastic bearing devices constituting separate fixed support portions. 11 supports the vertical load.

The damping device 3 is constituted by a horizontally long block-shaped damping packing 6 made of high damping rubber. A mounting plate 34 is welded to the base end of the damping packing 6.
The fixing bolt 36 planted in the reaction wall 5 rising vertically from the rear end of the fixing bolt 4 is inserted.
Is fastened, the damping packing 6 is fixed to the reaction wall 5. A hard plate such as a metal plate, plastic, or Teflon (trade name) or a hard rubber may be attached to the front surface of the damping packing 6 as a reinforcing plate (not shown).

The above-mentioned damping packing 6 is disposed so as to engage with the end of the upper structure 2. For this reason, between the left and right H-shaped steel members 13 arranged in parallel, which are elements of the upper structure 2,
The engagement plate 37 is fixed. The engagement plate 37 is provided to face the front surface of the damping packing 6 and has substantially the same area as the front surface, and is fixed to the left and right webs of the H-shaped steel 13 by welding 38 on both side edges thereof. Further, both sides of the rear surface are reinforced by reinforcing plates 39 fixed to the respective webs of the left and right H-shaped steel members 13 by welding 40.

In FIG. 2, a bracket 45 having a horizontal portion 42 and a vertical portion 43 reinforced by a reinforcing plate 44 is provided at the upper edge of the inner wall 41 of the lower structure 1.
An anchor bolt 46 implanted in the inner wall 41 is inserted into a bolt insertion hole of the vertical portion 43, and a fixing nut 47 is fastened to a screw portion of the bolt, thereby forming the vertical portion 43.
Is fixed to the inner wall 41, so that the bracket 45 is fixed to the upper portion of the inner wall 41. This bracket 45
In the event that the upper structure 2 moves horizontally to the right in FIG.
It is provided so as to be supported by the bracket 45 and not to be dropped when it comes off.

In FIG. 1, the left end of the upper structure 2 is
In contrast to the fixed support portion 8 by the elastic bearing device 11 as described above, the right end of the upper structure 2 is a movable support portion 10 by the elastic bearing device 12 having the structure shown in FIG. The elastic bearing device 12 constituting the movable support portion 10
Is a structure in which the central bearing projection 16 is eliminated in the elastic bearing device 11 constituting the fixed support portion 8 described above.
In which the central hole 33 is eliminated. The other configuration is the same as that of the elastic support device 12 of the movable support portion, and therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

The structure of the damping gasket 6 of the damping device 3 at the end of the upper structure 2 on the side of the movable support and the structure of the engaging plate 37 engaged therewith are the same as those at the end of the fixed support. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements, and the description is omitted.

The operation of the support structure of the structure shown in FIG. 2 will be described.
Accordingly, in a normal state where the damping packing 6 and the engagement plate 37 are supported by the lower structure 1 and an earthquake or the like does not occur, the damping gasket 6 and the engagement plate 37 have a predetermined gap, or even if there is no gap, the damping is performed. The pressing force is not applied to the packing 6.

When a horizontal force in the longitudinal direction is generated in the upper structure 2 due to an earthquake or the like, the elastic support device 1 is fixed in the fixed support portion 8 until the level of the horizontal force becomes a constant value.
The central support projection 16 rising from the steel support base 15 is provided with a central hole 33 of a support member 32 fixed to the upper structure 2 side.
, The upper structure 2 is restrained by the lower structure 1 via the central support protrusion 16, and horizontal movement is restricted.

When the magnitude of the horizontal force of the earthquake exceeds a predetermined value, the horizontal force by the upper structure 2 causes the central bearing projection 16 to bend in the direction perpendicular to the axis through the central hole 33 of the support member 32. Works. When the central support projection 16 is bent and disengaged from the central hole 33 of the support member 32, the restraint between the support member 32 and the steel support base 15 by the central support projection 16 is released, whereby the upper structure 2 is used. The horizontal force acts to shear-deform the rubber bearing body 17 whose lower end is fixed to the lower structure 1, and eventually breaks the rubber bearing body 17.

In this way, after the elastic bearing device 11 constituting the fixed support portion 8 is broken, all the support portions of the upper structure 2 on the lower structure 1 are in a movable support state, and the upper structure 2 is movable. 2 further moves horizontally in its longitudinal direction. At this time, the engaging plates 37 at both ends of the upper structure 2 come into contact with the damping packing 6, and the damping packing 6 is elastically deformed, so that the seismic inertial force acting in the longitudinal direction of the upper structure 2 is attenuated. You.

At this time, the damping packing 6 is made of a high damping rubber and has a structure which is attached to the reaction wall 5 and is compressed and deformed by the engaging plate 37, so that it can withstand long-term use and have a high durability.

FIGS. 6 to 10 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment of the present invention, in the long upper structure 2 supported by the plurality of lower structures 1, the support position of the lower structure 1 on the right side from the middle portion in FIG. The fixed support portion 8 is provided with an elastic bearing device 11 having the same structure as that of the first embodiment of the present invention. Except for the fixed support portion 8, the other supporting portions are movable support portions 10 by the lower structure 1.
An elastic bearing device 12 having the same structure as that used for the movable support portion 10 in the first embodiment of the present invention is used for the movable support portion 10.

In the embodiment of the second invention, the damping packing 6 is fixed to both upper sides of the lower structure 1, and the engaging plate 48 which engages with the damping packing 6 is slightly attached to the damping packing 6. It is attached to the lower part of the upper structure 2 with a gap. In this example, the damping packing 6 is provided wide in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. 10, and the bolt holes 51 at both ends of the mounting plate 50 fixed to the back surface thereof are provided at the upper side surface of the lower structure 1. A certain reaction wall 49
The damping packing 6 is fixed to the reaction wall 49 of the lower structure 1 by inserting an anchor bolt 52 implanted in the lower structure 1 and screwing a fastening nut 53 into a screw portion thereof.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, the engagement plate 48 extends widely in the lateral direction corresponding to the damping packing 6,
Both ends of the upper edge 55 are H-shaped steel 13 whose upper structure 2 is used.
Is fixed to the lower surface of the lower flange 27 by welding 54. The back surface of the engaging plate 48 is reinforced by a plurality of reinforcing plates 56 with one end welded to the engaging plate 48 and the other end welded to the upper edge 55. In addition, in FIG.
The three spaces are firmly connected to the joint plates 57 welded to each other by fixing both ends of the connecting plate 58 with bolts 60.

Also in the second embodiment of the present invention, when a horizontal force in the longitudinal direction is generated in the upper structure 2 due to an earthquake or the like, the elastic bearing is used until the magnitude of the horizontal force becomes a constant value. A central support projection 16 rising from the steel support 15 of the device 11 has a support member 32 fixed to the upper structure 2 side.
, The upper structure 2 is restrained by the lower structure 1 via the central support projection 16 and horizontal movement is restricted.

When the magnitude of the horizontal force of the earthquake exceeds a predetermined value, the horizontal force by the upper structure 2 causes the central bearing projection 16 to bend in the direction perpendicular to the axis through the central hole 33 of the support member 32. Works. When the central support projection 16 is bent and disengaged from the central hole 33 of the support member 32 , the restraint between the support member 32 and the steel support base 15 by the central support projection 16 is released. Thereby, the horizontal force by the upper structure 2 is reduced by the rubber bearing main body 17 whose lower end is fixed to the lower structure 1.
Act to cause shear deformation of the rubber bearing body 17 and eventually break the rubber bearing body 17.

After the elastic bearing device 11 constituting the fixed support portion 8 is broken in this way, all the support portions of the upper structure 2 by the lower structure 1 are in a movable support state, and the upper structure 2 It further moves horizontally in its longitudinal direction. At this time, the engaging plate 48 of the upper structure 2 hits the damping gasket 6, and the damping gasket 6 is elastically deformed, whereby the seismic inertial force acting in the longitudinal direction of the upper structure 2 is attenuated. As in the case of the first embodiment, the movement of the upper structure 2 in the longitudinal direction can be controlled, and the bridge can be prevented from being dropped.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show a third embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the damping gasket 6 fixed to the upper part of the lower structure 1 is different from the second embodiment of the present invention in the form of a block divided into right and left, and the coupling plate 48 is also correspondingly formed. The H-shaped steel 13 is formed in a substantially square shape which is divided into left and right portions on the lower surface of the lower flange 27. The other configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the present invention, the damping device 3 is provided on the reaction walls 5 and 49 of the lower structure 1 and the engagement plates 37 and 48 are provided on the upper structure 2 side. The arrangement of the device 3 and the engagement plates 37 and 48 may be provided in a reverse relationship to the illustrated example.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By the plurality of lower structures 1, one fixed support portion 8 and 1
In a support structure in which an upper structure 2 extending in the horizontal direction is supported via one or more movable support portions 10, when the upper structure 2 moves horizontally due to an earthquake or the like, the upper structure near the fixed support portion 8 is formed. Engagement plate 3 provided integrally with object 2
By engaging the damping packing 6 provided on the lower structure 1 side with the 7, 48, the horizontal movement of the upper structure 2 can be quickly and smoothly attenuated, and the danger of dropping bridge or the like can be avoided.

Further, since the damping packing 6 is attached to the reaction walls 5 and 49 of the lower structure 1 and attenuates the horizontal force of the earthquake by compressive deformation of the damping packing 6, the conventional kinetic energy can be reduced. High-attenuation rubber is used to perform attenuation by exchanging heat.Therefore, this high-attenuation rubber is made of an unreasonable compounding material, and the problem that durability is remarkably reduced can be solved. According to the present invention, it is possible to configure a damping device that has remarkably improved durability and can be used for a long time without deterioration of the damping performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a first example of a structure in which a fall prevention device according to the present invention is implemented.
It is an explanatory side view of an example.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the fall prevention device at the left end of the upper structure in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the fall prevention device at the right end of the upper structure in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 shows a second example of a structure in which the fall prevention device of the present invention is implemented.
It is an explanatory side view of an example.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a fall prevention device provided on a fixed support portion on the middle right side of the upper structure in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 6;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another example taken along line DD of FIG. 6;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of another example taken along line EE of FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower structure 2 Upper structure 3 Damping device 4 Gap 5 Reaction wall 6 Damping packing 8 Fixed support part 10 Movable support part 11 Elastic bearing device 12 Elastic bearing device 13 H-shaped steel 14 Support stand 15 Steel support stand 16 Center Bearing projection 17 Rubber bearing body 18 Rubber 20 Reinforcement plate 21 Upper metal plate 22 Lower metal plate 23 Female screw hole 24 Coupling bolt 25 Bolt insertion hole 26 Bolt hole 27 Lower flange 28 Anchor bolt 29 Fixed nut 30 Anchor bolt insertion hole 31 Nut 32 Support member 33 Central hole 34 Mounting plate 35 Bolt hole 36 Fixing bolt 37 Engagement plate 38 Weld 39 Reinforcement plate 40 Weld 41 Inner side wall 42 Horizontal part 43 Vertical part 44 Reinforcement plate 45 Bracket 46 Anchor bolt 47 Fixing nut 48 Engagement plate 49 Counter Power wall 50 Mounting plate 51 Bolt hole 52 A Anchor bolt 53 fastening nut 54 welding 55 upper edge 56 reinforcing plate

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Both ends and an intermediate portion of an upper structure 2 extending in the horizontal direction via elastic bearings are supported on a plurality of lower structures 1 erected at a predetermined gap. In the structure, one of the plurality of support portions is a fixed support portion 8, the other is a movable support portion 10, and the upper structure 2
In order to limit the horizontal movement of the
A damping device 3 is provided at both end portions of the upper structure 2. The damping device 3 is provided with a reaction wall 5 provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the upper structure 2 and provided with a predetermined gap 4 therebetween. And a damping packing 6 fixed to either the reaction wall 5 or the end face of the upper structure 2. 2. A structure in which both ends and an intermediate portion of an upper structure 2 extending in a horizontal direction are supported on a plurality of lower structures 1 erected at a fixed gap via an elastic bearing device. , One of the plurality of support portions is a fixed support portion 8 and the other is a movable support portion 10, and the upper structure after the elastic bearing device 11 provided on the fixed support portion 8 is broken by horizontal shear deformation. A damping device 3 for controlling the movement of the object 2 in the longitudinal direction is provided, and the damping packing 6 constituting the damping device 3 is attached to one of the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 1 near the fixed support portion 8. A fall prevention device for a structure, wherein an engagement portion provided on a reaction wall and against which a damping packing 6 collides is provided on either the upper structure 2 or the lower structure 1.