JP2969405B2 - Air film structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air film for covering the upper portion of a structure such as a storage tank or a facility for accommodating a person in a dome shape. The present invention relates to an air film structure for making the dome-shaped film into a spherical or curved shape with a predetermined curvature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, various fiber woven fabrics coated with a resin material or the like are used as a material of a film body used for an air film for covering an upper portion of a structure or the like in a dome shape by receiving air pressure. The fiber woven fabric has a dimensional restriction in manufacturing in the width thereof, and when subjected to tension, the fiber woven fabric elongates differently in the warp direction and the weft direction, and generally expands well in the weft direction. Since the film piece of the air film is collected from the film material raw material of the fiber fabric, the air film subjected to air pressure is deformed due to a difference in elongation between the warp direction and the weft direction and the influence of the joint of the film pieces, It was difficult to obtain a desired dome-shaped film.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which a conventional dome-shaped film body receives the air pressure of a structure such as a storage tank, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a side sectional view. As shown in FIG. 5A, the conventional dome-shaped film body 104 includes a zenith portion 111 formed of a circular film piece and an annular portion 108 surrounding the zenith portion 111. The annular portion 108 is divided into a plurality of pieces in the longitudinal direction. The fan-shaped film pieces 112 are joined and formed. When the fan-shaped membrane piece 112 is collected from the raw material of the membrane material of the fiber fabric, the warp direction X of the dome-shaped membrane body 104 is matched with the direction of the warp A, and the concentric direction Y is matched with the direction of the weft B, The inner circumferential arc 117 and the outer circumferential arc 1 are used by maximizing the film material web width Z including the bonding margin.
18 are cut into substantially fan-shaped fan-shaped film pieces 112, and these fan-shaped film pieces 112 are arranged and joined along the concentric direction Y to form an annular portion 108. A dome-shaped film body 104 was formed by surrounding and joining. When the dome-shaped film body 104 thus manufactured receives air pressure in a structure such as a storage tank, the concentric direction Y of the dome-shaped film body 104 which becomes the weft B direction of the film material raw material is larger than the warp direction X. The outer periphery of the dome-shaped film body 104 having a large longitudinal junction interval is greatly extended, and it is difficult to obtain the dome-shaped film body 104 having a predetermined curvature. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the upper open surface of the structure body 1 composed of the cylindrical concrete storage tank composed of the bottom slab 2 and the side wall 3 is covered with a film body 104 made of a flexible material, and the film is formed. Body 1
When the roof 04 is maintained on a dome-shaped roof receiving the air pressure of the blower 5, a dome shape having a desired uniform curvature as shown by a broken line in the figure cannot be obtained, and as shown by a solid line, the outer peripheral portion swells and There was a tendency for it to be flat and generally dish-shaped.

[0004] An invention in which an air film is used as a roof film of a building using the above-mentioned film material as a raw material is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-62.
No. 182372 and JP-A-62-211475. The invention of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-182372 has the same problem that the tension of the roof membrane supported by air pressure is not uniform due to the material properties in the weft direction and the warp direction, and the outer shape of the roof membrane is not adjusted. In order to solve the problem, the roof membrane is divided into a plurality of pieces in a circumferential direction and a radial direction that are concentric with the top of the roof film as a center so that an equal tension curved surface can be formed on the entire surface of the membrane. Is obtained. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
The invention of No. 11475 is based on the consideration of the bonding structure of the membrane pieces in the roof membrane, and the overlapping portion of the four corner-shaped membrane pieces that are formed in a cross shape is thick, and the outer peripheral portion of the overlapping portion is relatively thin. Since the stress is concentrated on the outer peripheral portion and the film is likely to be damaged, the corners of two of the four film pieces forming the overlapped portion are cut out, and the three overlapped portions are overlapped. This is to prevent breakage.

[0005]

As in the prior art shown in FIG. 5, the zenith portion is formed into a circular film piece, and the annular portion surrounding the zenith portion is formed by concentrically forming a plurality of fan-shaped film pieces divided along the longitudinal direction. Direction, that is, when the dome-shaped membrane is formed by joining and joining in the circumferential direction, the meridional joint of the annular portion is densely formed on the outer peripheral edge of the circular membrane piece at the zenith, and the outer periphery of the dome-shaped membrane is Because the width of the membrane material in the weft direction is wider than the zenith side,
When receiving the air pressure, the zenith side is small and flat, and the outer peripheral side is large and swells, resulting in a substantially dish-shaped, and it is not possible to obtain a dome-shaped air film roof having a predetermined spherical or curved surface. Was.

Further, in the inventions of JP-A-62-182372 and JP-A-62-211475, the overlapped portions of the film pieces are cross-joined, and the thickly overlapped overlapped portions are formed in a continuous straight line vertically and horizontally. However, since this portion has higher rigidity than the film base portion and restrains the elongation of the film body, a continuous linear concave portion appears under a predetermined high internal pressure state, and it is difficult to maintain a dome shape having a predetermined curvature. In addition, 3
Notching the corners of two of the four film pieces so that they are stacked requires a great deal of time for dimensional adjustment and cutting of this part.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has an air film structure which maintains a spherical or curved dome shape having a predetermined curvature under a predetermined internal pressure state, and has a rigidity of a joint. In order to prevent local deformation of the dome-shaped membrane, the circumferential expansion of the dome-shaped membrane is based on the difference between the warp direction and the weft direction of the raw material. The purpose is to reduce deformation.

[0008]

The zenith circular membrane piece and the remaining annular portion surrounding the zenith are divided into a plurality of concentric circles, and each of the divided annular portions is divided into a plurality of pieces along the longitudinal direction. In forming the dome-shaped film body of the air film by joining the fan-shaped membrane pieces obtained in the above, at the concentric joint portion joining the inner and outer annular portions adjacent to each other, the inner annular portion joining the fan-shaped membrane pieces to each other is formed. The longitudinal joining portion and the longitudinal joining portion of the outer annular portion are formed by joining at an appropriate interval.
In addition, the circular membrane piece at the top of the dome-shaped membrane body of the air membrane is formed by joining a plurality of membrane pieces to form a large-diameter membrane piece that exceeds the width of the original material of the membrane material, and includes the large-diameter membrane piece. In a concentric joint where the annular portion surrounding the zenith and the zenith are joined,
A plurality of large-diameter membrane piece joints forming the large-diameter membrane piece at the zenith, and a plurality of fan-shaped membrane pieces forming the annular portion are joined at an appropriate longitudinal interval by joining a plurality of fan-shaped membrane pieces. It is formed by joining. Also, the circle at the top of the dome-shaped membrane body of the air membrane
The annular part surrounding the shaped membrane piece is inside the outer part of the circular membrane piece at the zenith.
The annular portion and the fan-shaped membrane pieces are connected to each other outside the inner annular portion.
It is formed with a narrow outer annular part that is
Fan-shaped film piece of the outer annular portion, and a concentric direction of de chromatography arm shape film body substantially warp direction of the film material raw, so as to be substantially fill direction of the film material raw the warp direction of the dome-shaped membrane body Formed.

[0009]

In forming the dome-shaped membrane of the air film, a circular film piece forming the zenith and the remaining annular part surrounding the zenith are divided into a plurality of concentric circles, and each of the divided annular parts is further divided. The fan- shaped membrane pieces obtained by dividing a plurality of pieces in the longitudinal direction have a size such that there is no great difference in size between the respective membrane pieces, and have a size that allows each membrane piece to expand substantially uniformly even when subjected to air pressure. In the concentric joint for joining a plurality of divided inner and outer annular portions to each other, an appropriate distance is set between the radial joint of the inner annular portion and the radial joint of the outer annular portion where the fan-shaped membrane pieces are joined. Join with a contact interval. This joint has a minimum stacking thickness of three stacks intersecting in a T-shape, and the joints are arranged with an appropriate distance between them. Even if the internal pressure increases, the four crosses intersect in a cross shape Compared to the overlap, the circumferential and longitudinal tensions are not unnecessarily constrained by the overlapped portion of the joints, and the longitudinal direction is not constrained from the zenith to the outer periphery in a single longitudinal direction. Joints that do not strongly restrict the elongation of A round film piece at the zenith is formed by joining a plurality of film pieces into a large circular film piece exceeding the width of the film material, and the circular film piece at the zenith corresponds to the diameter of the dome-shaped film body. In this case, the T-shaped three-layered joints serving as the restraining parts are dispersed without being densely formed, by increasing the longitudinal joining distance between the annular parts joined to the circular membrane piece at the zenith part. In other words, since the outer peripheral length of the zenith becomes longer, the tension acting on the joint with the annular portion on the outer periphery of the zenith is widely and evenly dispersed. Furthermore, since the large-diameter membrane piece joining portion at the zenith and the meridional joining portion where the fan-shaped membrane pieces of the annular portion surrounding the zenith are joined with an appropriate separation interval, the T-shaped intersection is formed. The joining portions of the sheet stack are dispersed, and the tension is not unnecessarily restrained at the overlapping portion of the joining portions serving as the constraint portions. The dome-shaped film body
The fan-shaped membrane piece of the outer annular portion formed to be narrow outside the side annular portion, the concentric direction of the dome-shaped membrane is set to be substantially the warp direction of the film material web, and the warp direction is substantially the same as the film material web. Weft direction and
The air film structure, external to the outer peripheral portion of the dome-shaped membrane body
The side annular portion has a small extension in the circumferential direction , that is, in the concentric direction.
Elongation amount for have warp direction is kept small, further elongation
The warp in the warp direction is easy to stretch because it is narrow.
Outer ring part of the concentric joint that additionally restrains elongation
At the narrow space along the longitudinal direction
Since the dome-shaped film body is formed to suppress the elongation, the flat-shaped dish-shaped dome in which the outer peripheral portion of the dome-shaped film body is abnormally swollen and deformed unlike the related art is prevented.

[0010]

Embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which a dome-shaped membrane is provided above a structure such as a storage tank. The method of constructing a dome-shaped concrete roof by casting concrete on the dome-shaped membrane subjected to air pressure is shown. FIG. 4 is an explanatory side cross-sectional view in which a part for description is omitted. In the present embodiment, an example of an air film structure of a dome-shaped film used when constructing a concrete roof on a structure such as a storage tank will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It can also be applied to the air film of the dome-shaped film used. Reference numeral 1 denotes a main body of a storage tank or the like made of cylindrical concrete having a bottom, which is composed of a bottom plate 2 and side walls 3 and whose upper open surface is covered with a film body 4 made of a dome-shaped flexible material and the inside is formed as a sealed body. doing. The upper part of the structure main body 1 is covered with a dome-shaped film body 4 of an air film that has been subjected to air pressure by a blower 5. As shown in the figure, a reinforcing material 6 is provided on the upper part of the film body 4 which has received the air pressure, and concrete 7 is cast to construct a dome-shaped concrete roof. Maintaining the dome-shaped membrane 4 in a spherical or curved dome shape with a predetermined curvature is important in constructing a uniform concrete dome roof with little deformation, and for that purpose, the warp direction of the membrane material raw material is required. It is necessary to take into account the properties of elongation and strength in the weft direction and the joint shape of the membrane pieces.

FIGS. 1A and 1B show an embodiment of an air film membrane piece bonding structure according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 1A is an explanatory plan view thereof, and FIG.
FIG. 3A is an explanatory plan view partially showing a position where a fan-shaped film piece of FIG. FIG.
As shown in (a), the dome-shaped film body 4 according to the present invention comprises:
The zenith part 11 of the circular membrane piece and the annular part 8 surrounding the zenith part 11 are formed into a substantially sector-shaped sector having an inner peripheral arc 17 and an outer peripheral arc 18.
Jo film strip 12 is formed by an annular portion 8 and one or more split of the formed concentric with the junction of the cross, the film piece 1
A margin for lap joining is provided on the outer peripheral edges of the first and second parts. The longitudinal joining portions 13B of the fan-shaped film pieces 12 in the same annular portion 8 are overlapped with each other, and the joining portions 13B of the fan-shaped film pieces 12 of the inner annular portion 8A and the outer annular portion 8B in the longitudinal direction are centered. Joining is performed at appropriate intervals without being continuous from the top 11 toward the outer periphery. In other words, the intersection with the two concentric joints 13A is not formed as a four-piece cross, and T
It is formed in a three-sheet overlapping portion 14 which crosses in a letter shape. In the three-layered portion 14, not only does the joining portion not become thick, but also because the joining portion 13B in the longitudinal direction is not continuous in the longitudinal direction of the dome-shaped film body 4, the rigidity of the joining portion does not increase, and the fan-shaped film piece is not formed. 12
With regard to, the extension in the warp direction is not restricted more than necessary. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the fan-shaped membrane piece 12 uses the warp direction X of the dome-shaped membrane 4 as the warp of the membrane material web 16 by maximizing the web width Z from the membrane material web 16. In the direction A, the concentric direction Y is cut so as to match the direction of the film material web 16 weft B. In this case, there is not much difference between the lengths of the inner circumferential arc 17 and the outer circumferential arc 18 in the weft B direction including the joining margin of the fan-shaped membrane pieces 12, and the amount of circumferential elongation by the weft B when subjected to air pressure is reduced. It is formed so as not to cause a too large difference.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an embodiment showing a circular membrane piece joining state at the zenith part of the dome-shaped membrane body according to the present invention in which an annular portion is partially removed. (A) is a zenith membrane piece 11 divided into two parts.
A and (b) show the case where the zenith part film piece 11B divided into three parallel parts and the zenith part film piece 11C which is divided into three parts form the zenith part circular film piece. In general, when the zenith part 11 of the dome-shaped film body 4 is formed of a single circular film piece, a large circular film piece cannot be formed because it is limited by the width of the film material raw material. When the zenith part 11 is formed by two circular film pieces, meridian joints formed by joining the fan-shaped film pieces of the annular part are concentrated on the outer peripheral part, and the rigidity is increased and the elongation under the air pressure is restrained. Therefore, local distortion occurs, and it is difficult to maintain a uniform curved surface shape. Therefore, in the present invention, the zenith portion 11 is formed to be large according to the curvature of the roof of the dome-shaped film body, and stress is applied to the periphery of the joint portion with the annular portion 8 to which each of the zenith portion film pieces 11A, 11B, 11C joins. In order not to concentrate, and to restrict the elongation or to make the curved surface non-uniform, multiple pieces of the film cut using the maximum width of the film material are joined at the zenith part 19 Then, a large-diameter film piece exceeding the raw material film width as a whole is formed. Further, at a concentric joint portion 13A for joining the annular portion 8 surrounding the zenithal circular film piece and the large-diameter membrane piece at the zenith portion 11, the zenithal-membrane joint portion 19 of the large-diameter film piece and the annular portion 8 are formed. The joints 13B in the meridian direction where the fan-shaped membrane pieces are joined to each other are joined at appropriate intervals, and the three-ply overlapping portions 14 intersecting in a T-shape having high rigidity are formed in a distributed manner.

FIGS. 3A and 3B show another embodiment of the film piece bonding structure of the dome-shaped film body according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a plan explanatory view thereof, and FIG. 3B is an outer annular portion of FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a position where a fan-shaped film piece of FIG. The dome-shaped film body 4 shown in the figure is formed by a zenith part 11 of a circular film piece and an annular part 8 surrounding the zenith part 11, and the annular part 8 is an inner annular part 8A formed by joining the fan-shaped film pieces 12A to each other. And the outer annular portion 8B having a narrow width along the longitudinal direction formed by joining the fan-shaped film pieces 12B to each other. Here, the fan-shaped membrane piece 12B of the outer annular portion 8B is
As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the concentric direction Y of the dome-shaped film body 4 is changed to the warp A direction of the film material raw material 16 by using the film width Z to the maximum from the film material raw material 16. Direction X is almost weft B
The inner peripheral arc 17 and the outer peripheral arc 18 including the joint allowance
And cut into a substantially fan shape having By this cutting, the concentric direction Y of the dome-shaped film body 4 has a small amount of elongation due to the warp direction with a small elongation, and the expansion amount in the concentric direction Y with the warp direction X becomes uniform, so that a desired uniform curvature is obtained. Dome shape becomes easier to obtain. Further, the outer annular portion 8B extends
Elongation is small due to the narrow warp direction X in the weft B direction
But also concentric joints that restrict elongation,
The joint between the side annular portion 8B and the inner annular portion 8A is
Formed at narrow intervals along
The entire shape of the dome-shaped membrane 4 is the same as that of the conventional dome-shaped membrane 1.
A dish whose outer periphery is abnormally swollen and deformed flat as in 04
Not a dome-shaped membrane, but an irregular shape
Absent.

[0014]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. The zenith part is formed of a circular film piece, and the remaining annular part surrounding the zenith part is divided into a plurality of concentric circles, and furthermore, the fan-shaped film piece obtained by dividing each of the divided annular parts into a plurality of pieces in the longitudinal direction is obtained. Joined, the longitudinal joining part of the inner annular part and the longitudinal joining part of the outer annular part were joined at an appropriate separation interval to form a dome-shaped membrane of the air film. Since there is no large difference in dimension at the outer peripheral portion and the rate of change in elongation is small, and the joints are also arranged alternately, the constraint is not concentrated only at a specific joint, and the desired dome shape An air film is obtained. Further, in the concentric joint for joining a plurality of divided adjacent annular portions to each other, the radial joint of the inner annular portion and the radial joint of the outer annular portion where the fan-shaped membrane pieces are joined are appropriately separated from each other. Since the joints are spaced apart, this joint has a minimum thickness of three layers that intersect in a T-shape, and does not unnecessarily restrict the elongation at the overlap even if it receives air pressure. The membrane is not damaged due to the concentration of the longitudinal tension. In addition, the dome-shaped membrane does not strongly restrain the elongation in the longitudinal direction even if it receives air pressure because the meridional joint of the dome-shaped membrane is not continuous from the zenith to the outer periphery. Does not become non-uniform.

[0015] Since the circular film piece at the zenith is formed into a large circular film piece exceeding the width of the film material by joining a plurality of film pieces, the zenithal part is formed according to the curvature of the dome-shaped film body. Can be formed larger and the circumference of the top of the zenith becomes longer. Therefore, at the concentric junction between the zenith and the annular part surrounding the zenith, the radial joining is performed by joining the fan-shaped membranes to each other. A uniform dome-shaped air film can be obtained without the portions being densely packed, the extension being abnormally restrained, and the tension not being concentrated at the joint. In addition, the joints between the membrane pieces at the zenith and the meridional joints that join the fan-shaped membrane pieces of the annular part surrounding the same are joined at an appropriate interval, and this joint is formed in a T-shape. Uniform dome shape that does not constrain the elongation more than necessary and concentrates near the joint, and does not damage the membrane as it is the minimum overlapping thickness of the three overlapping layers Air film is obtained.

[0016] to narrow on the outside of the dome-shaped film body the inner annular portion
The fan-shaped film piece of the outer annular portion which forms, with the <br/> concentric circular direction of de chromatography arm shape film body substantially warp direction of the film material raw, domed
Be formed by the warp direction of Jomakutai substantially fill direction of the film material raw
The air film structure that the outer side of the outer peripheral portion of the dome-shaped membrane body
Ring-shaped portion, the circumferential direction, that is smaller elongation concentric direction
The warp direction reduces the amount of elongation, making it easier to elongate.
The warp in the warp direction is narrow, so there is little elongation,
In addition, the outer annular part and inner part of the concentric joint that restrains elongation
The joint with the side annular part is formed at a narrow interval along the longitudinal direction
To be by inhibiting growth is, never become conventional distorted shape or become dished dome-shaped membrane body outer peripheral portion is flattened deformed bulge abnormally dome-shaped membrane body as,
Air film having a desired dome shape with a uniform curvature obtained
You .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B show an embodiment of an air film membrane piece bonding structure according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 1A is an explanatory plan view thereof, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a position where a fan-shaped film piece of FIG.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory views showing an embodiment of a circular membrane piece joining structure at the zenith part of the dome-shaped membrane body according to the present invention, in which an annular portion is partially removed, wherein FIG. 2A is divided into two parts, and FIG. (C) shows a fan-shaped three-division.

3A and 3B show another embodiment of the film piece bonding structure of the air film according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is an explanatory plan view thereof, and FIG.
It is explanatory drawing which omitted one part which shows one Example of the position which extracts the fan-shaped film piece of the outer annular part of FIG.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which a dome-shaped membrane air film is provided on the upper part of a structure such as a storage tank according to the present invention, and concrete is cast on the air-pressed membrane to construct a dome-shaped concrete roof. FIG. 4 is an explanatory side sectional view partially illustrating a working example applied to a working method.

5A and 5B show a conventional example in which an air film is provided on a structure such as a storage tank, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG. 5B is a side sectional view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structure main body 2 Bottom plate 3 Side wall 4,104 Film body 5 Blower 6 Reinforcement material 7 Concrete 8,108 Annular part 8A Inner annular part 8B Outer annular part 11,111 Zenith part 11A, 11B, 11C Zenith part membrane piece 12,12A , 12B, 112 Sector-shaped membrane piece 13A Concentric circular joint 13B Meridional joint 14 Three-ply overlapping part 16 Membrane raw material 17,117 Inner peripheral arc 18,118 Outer peripheral arc 19 Zenith top membrane piece joint A Warp B Weft X Meridional direction Y Concentric direction Z Material width

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fan obtained by dividing a circular membrane piece at the zenith part and a remaining annular part surrounding the zenith part into a plurality of concentric circles, and further dividing each of the divided annular parts into a plurality of pieces along the longitudinal direction. In forming the dome-shaped film body of the air film by joining the shape membrane pieces, in the concentric joining part joining the inner and outer annular parts adjacent to each other, the radial joining part of the inner annular part joining the fan-shaped membrane pieces together An air film structure characterized in that a longitudinal joining portion of an outer annular portion and an outer annular portion are joined at an appropriate interval. 2. A circular membrane piece at the top of a dome-shaped membrane body of an air membrane is formed by joining a plurality of membrane pieces to form a large-diameter membrane piece exceeding the width of a film material raw material. At a concentric joint where the annular portion surrounding the zenith portion and the zenith portion are joined, a plurality of large-diameter membrane piece joining portions forming the large-diameter membrane piece of the zenith portion and the annular portion are formed. An air film structure, characterized in that a plurality of fan-shaped film pieces are joined at an appropriate interval in a longitudinal joining portion where the fan-shaped film pieces are joined. 3. A circular film at the top of a dome-shaped film body of an air film.
The annulus surrounding the piece is the inner annulus outside the zenith circular membrane piece
Part and the fan-shaped membrane pieces on the outside of the inner annular part
Width so as to form a narrow outer annular portion comprising Te, fan-shaped film piece of the outer <br/> annulus, the concentric direction of de chromatography arm shape film body substantially warp direction of the film material raw dome An air film structure, characterized in that the longitudinal direction of the shaped film body is formed substantially as the weft direction of the film material.