JP2968236B2 - Artificial algae bed submerged on the sea floor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an artificial seaweed bed in which a large number of artificial reefs are arranged side by side and installed on the seabed, and seaweeds grow on the artificial reefs. In particular, the present invention relates to an artificial algae field where an artificial fishing reef is submerged at a depth of the seabed where photosynthesis is performed to efficiently proliferate seagrass and safely inhabit lobsters and abalones.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Seagrass beds are grown by photosynthesis of seaweed with sunlight. The deep sea floor will not receive strong sunlight. The seaweed bed has a water depth of 10 m or less in order to allow seagrass to thrive with sunlight. The seaweed beds, which are constructed by laying artificial reefs at shallow depths, are not easily affected by waves such as typhoons. The enormous energy of the waves can destroy artificial reefs, bury artificial reefs on the seabed, or disrupt the array of regularly laid artificial reefs, reducing their efficiency as artificial seaweed beds.

[0003] In order to avoid such adverse effects, artificial seaweed beds use artificial reefs that are strong enough not to be destroyed by waves, and that are shaped not to be buried on the sea floor and shaped so that their arrangement is not easily broken by waves. There is a need. Furthermore, depending on the seabed, it is important that the layers can be stably stacked in multiple layers in order to form a three-dimensional artificial algal bed.

[0004] In order to realize such a situation, artificial reefs which are laid on the sea floor and are suitable for growing seaweed have been developed. Artificial reefs used for this purpose are described, for example, in the following publications.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-131171 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-39029 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-31460 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-9151 Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-72492

[0006] The artificial reef described in the official gazette is formed by molding concrete into a cross-shaped shape as shown in FIG. The artificial reef disclosed in the above publication has a plate-like overall shape with a through hole opened at the center. As shown in FIG. 2, the artificial reef described in the official gazette has a rectangular parallelepiped skeletal structure having a hollow interior. As shown in FIG. 3, the artificial reef disclosed in the above publication has a shape in which a gap is provided between upper and lower disks. As shown in FIG. 4, the artificial reef disclosed in the above publication has a hexagonal plate member having legs formed at three places on the lower surface thereof, which are laminated.

[0007]

The artificial reef 1 shown in FIG.
If this is laid vertically and horizontally to make an artificial seaweed bed,
It is not possible to provide a void whose top surface is covered. For this reason, lobsters and abalones that inhabit between the artificial reefs 1 cannot be hidden from enemy fish. Moreover, it is difficult to stably stack the artificial reef 1 having this shape in multiple stages, and even if the artificial reef 1 is stacked, there is a disadvantage that it is easily broken by violent waves such as typhoons.

[0008] As described in the official gazette, the artificial reef, which is formed in a plate shape as a whole, has a feature that seaweeds can prosper on the upper surface, but it is arranged vertically and horizontally to protect lobsters and abalones from external enemies. In such a state, it is not possible to provide a space for safely inhabiting.

The artificial seaweed bed in which the artificial reefs 1 shown in FIG. 2 are arranged can have a large number of voids, but has a drawback that a large amount of seaweed cannot be prosperous because the upper surface area is small. Further, the artificial reef 1 having this structure is suitable for the inhabitation of fish, but has a drawback in that it can inhabit lobsters, abalones and the like and cannot be protected from external enemies such as fish. Furthermore, the artificial reef 1 of this shape has a disadvantage that it is easily buried on the seabed due to intense waves.
For this reason, it is impossible to realize an artificial seaweed bed which is submerged at a shallow depth of water and makes seaweeds prosper.

Further, the artificial reef 1 shown in FIG. 3 has a surface on which the seaweeds can be grown on the upper surface, and further, there is a gap between the upper and lower sides for inhabiting lobsters and abalones. However, when the artificial reefs 1 having this structure are arranged vertically and horizontally, a large gap is formed between the artificial reefs 1, and this gap makes it impossible to safely protect lobsters, abalones and the like that inhabit from external enemies. Further, it is difficult to stably stack the artificial reef 1 having this shape in multiple stages. This is because a large number of gaps are formed when the circular artificial reefs 1 are arranged vertically and horizontally, so that if the waves are displaced by the waves, the upper artificial reefs are likely to collapse.

Further, the artificial reef 1 shown in FIG. 4 is provided with a flat surface on which the seaweeds can be grown on the upper surface, and is stacked in multiple stages, and lobsters, abalones and the like live between the artificial reefs 1 in each stage. Voids can be provided. However, the artificial reef 1 having such a structure cannot be provided with a space for sinking lobsters, abalones, and the like by being sunk in one step, and there is also a drawback that when it is stacked in multiple steps, it is easily broken by waves.

The present invention has been developed to solve such a drawback. An important object of the present invention is to be provided at a shallow depth to receive intense waves, to prevent the destruction of artificial reefs caused by waves, and to further prevent the collapse of artificial reefs buried on the seabed by waves or stacked in multiple layers. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an artificial seaweed bed submerged on the seabed.

Another important object of the present invention is to provide a large surface on which the seaweed can be bred so that the seaweed can be bred efficiently, and that there is a space where lobster, abalone and the like can safely inhabit. An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial seaweed bed laid on the seabed where these can be efficiently propagated.

[0014]

The artificial seaweed bed laid down on the seabed according to the present invention is constructed by laying down artificial fishing reefs 1 having the following structure. (A) A plurality of artificial reefs 1 made of concrete are arranged vertically and horizontally adjacent to each other, and are installed on the seabed at a depth where seagrass grows. (B) The artificial reef 1 has a shape in which an upper plate 2 having a flat upper surface and a lower plate 3 having a flat lower surface are vertically connected at a central portion. (C) The upper plate 2 and the lower plate 3 are square, and a peripheral groove 4 is provided on the outer periphery of an intermediate portion connecting the upper plate 2 and the lower plate 3. (D) The upper plate 2 has a smaller outer shape than the lower plate 3, and the artificial reefs 1 arranged vertically and horizontally are formed with a gap 6 at the boundary of the upper plate 2, and the gap 6 is communicated with the peripheral groove 4. ing. (E) While stacking a plurality of artificial reefs 1 in multiple stages,
The artificial reef 1 laid on the upper stage
It is located at the boundary of reef 1. (F) In addition, the center of artificial reef 1 penetrates up and down
The upper and lower holes 5 are opened. The upper and lower holes 5 are stacked in the lower row.
In the gap 6 between the upper plate 2 and the artificial reef 1
You.

The artificial algae bed according to claim 2 of the present invention is an artificial reef.
Below the upper and lower holes (5) that open vertically through the center of (1)
The end is largely open in a tapered shape .

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following examples illustrate an artificial seaweed bed laid on the seabed for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify an artificial seaweed bed as follows.

Further, in this specification, in order to make it easy to understand the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments will be referred to as "claims" and "claims". In the column of “means”. However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.

The artificial seaweed bed submerged on the seabed shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has a plurality of concrete artificial reefs 1 arranged vertically and horizontally adjacent to each other, and is installed on the seabed at a depth of seaweeds. .

The artificial reef 1 is formed of porous concrete. Porous concrete is made by reducing the amount of sand added to the ready-mixed concrete, or adding no sand, forming a ready-mixed concrete in which cement, aggregate and water are kneaded, using a mold to form a porous concrete with countless voids. It is concrete hardened in a quality state. The artificial reef 1 made of porous concrete has a feature that countless irregularities are formed on the surface, spores of seaweed adhere thereto efficiently, and seaweeds prosper in a short period of time. Further, it is possible to reduce the adverse effect that the roots of the overgrown seagrass enter the gap and the seagrass leaves the artificial reef 1 due to large waves. Further, the fine voids are preferred habitats for qualitative animals that are microanimals. The artificial reef 1 made of porous concrete exhibits the above preferable physical properties.

As shown in the front view of FIG. 6, the artificial reef 1 shown in the figure has a shape in which an upper plate 2 having a flat upper surface and a lower plate 3 having a flat lower surface are vertically connected at a central portion. You are. The upper plate 2 and the lower plate 3 are square, and a peripheral groove 4 is provided on the outer periphery of an intermediate portion connecting the upper plate 2 and the lower plate 3. The outer shape of the upper plate 2 is smaller than that of the lower plate 3. As shown in FIG. 5, the artificial reefs 1 arranged vertically and horizontally adjacently have a gap 6 at the boundary of the upper plate 2. It communicates with 4. The peripheral groove 4 has a V-shape as a whole by increasing the width of the opening.

Further, the artificial reef 1 has a vertical hole 5 at the center thereof, penetrating vertically. The upper and lower holes 5 are shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the artificial fishing reef 1 stacked on the lower stage is disposed in the gap 6 of the upper plate 2, and the gap 6 of the upper plate 2 communicates with the upper and lower holes 5. The lower end of the upper and lower holes 5 has a large opening in a tapered shape. Upper and lower holes 5 with tapered lower end
Artificial reef 1 is slightly misaligned when stacking,
The upper and lower holes 5 can communicate with the gap 6 of the upper plate 2.

The artificial reef 1 is formed of porous concrete into the following dimensions. Length of one side of lower plate 1.5 m Length of one side of upper plate 1.4 m Total height of artificial reef ... 0.5 m Opening width of peripheral groove ... 15 cm Width of the bottom of the peripheral groove ... 5 cm Depth of the peripheral groove ... 25 cm Total volume of the artificial reef ... 0.9 m ³ Total weight of the artificial reef ... …… 1.9 tons

The artificial reef 1 of this size can be manufactured at a factory and easily transported to a submersion site. In addition, since each piece weighs about 2 tons and has a bottom area of 2.25 m ² , it has a feature that it is difficult to be buried on the sea floor due to waves. However, the artificial seaweed bed of the present invention does not specify the size of the artificial reef as described above. Larger and smaller moldings are also possible.

As shown in FIG. 5, the artificial reef 1 having the above-described shape is stacked in three layers to form an artificial seaweed bed. The artificial seaweed bed in this figure is arranged vertically and horizontally with 5 x 3 bottom artificial reefs, 4 x 3 second artificial reefs and 3 x 3 uppermost artificial reefs. I have.

As shown in FIG. 7, the artificial reef 1 can be laminated to form an artificial seaweed bed. In this artificial seaweed bed, 5 × 3 artificial fishing reefs 1 are stacked at the bottom, 4 × 2 artificial fishing reefs at the second stage, and 3 × 1 artificial fishing reefs 1 at the top. Artificial reef 1 stacked on top
The upper and lower holes 5 provided at the center are located at the center of the gap between the corners of the four artificial reefs 1 arranged vertically and horizontally at the lower stage. The artificial reef 1 chamfers the corners of the upper plate 2 and the lower plate 3 to widen the gap between the corners. As shown in FIG. 7, an artificial seaweed bed formed by laminating artificial reefs 1 with chamfered corners has upper and lower holes 5 in the upper artificial reef 1.
Can be communicated with a wide gap chamfered in the artificial fishing reef 1 at the lower stage. For this reason, lobsters, abalones and the like living in the peripheral groove 4 pass through the upper and lower holes 5 from the gap 6 of the upper plate 2,
You can go in and out.

Further, the artificial reef 1 shown in the figure is chamfered on the upper surface periphery of the upper plate 2 and the lower surface periphery of the lower plate 3. The artificial reef 1 having this shape has a feature that small qualitative animals can inhabit there since a gap is formed at a peripheral chamfered portion in a stacked state.

Further, the artificial reef 1 shown in FIG. 8 and FIG.
The upper surface of the upper plate 2 and the lower surface of the lower plate 3 have a flat overall shape but are partially provided with parallel grooves 7. The parallel groove 7 has, for example, an opening width of 10
cm, the bottom width is 5 cm, and the depth is 5 cm. The artificial reef 1 in these figures has five rows of parallel grooves 7 on the upper surface of the upper plate 2 and the lower surface of the lower plate 3. As shown in FIG. 10, the parallel groove 7 of the lower plate 3
It can be formed shallow and narrow. In the artificial reefs 1 shown in these figures, in the state where they are stacked, a living space is formed in parallel between the upper and lower artificial reefs 1 by the parallel grooves 7.

The artificial reefs 1 having the parallel grooves 7 are arranged vertically and horizontally on the same plane with the parallel grooves 7 being parallel, or are arranged on the same plane so that the parallel grooves 7 of the adjacent artificial reefs 1 are orthogonal to each other. In addition, artificial reef 1
Are also stacked such that the parallel grooves 7 are parallel or orthogonal.

[0029]

The artificial algae bed according to the present invention is provided at a shallow depth to receive intense waves to prevent the destruction of artificial reefs caused by waves, and is further buried on the seabed by waves or artificially stacked in multiple stages. There is a feature that can prevent the reef from collapsing. That is, the artificial reef constituting the artificial seaweed bed of the present invention has a shape in which a rectangular upper plate and a lower plate are connected at the center so that a peripheral groove is formed therebetween, and further, the upper plate is lower than the lower plate. This is because a gap is provided at the boundary of the upper plate in a state of being reduced in size and arranged vertically and horizontally, and this gap communicates with the peripheral groove.

In the artificial reef having this structure, intense waves received from above flow through the gap between the upper plates to the peripheral grooves, thereby consuming kinetic energy, and intense lateral tide flows from the peripheral grooves to the gap between the upper plates. Let exercise deplete energy. The tidal current that passes through the gap in the upper plate and flows into the peripheral groove collides with the periphery of the lower plate, changes the flow direction from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, loses kinetic energy, and further reduces the gap width. It is spread and the flow velocity is reduced, losing the energy of movement. Furthermore, the tidal current flowing horizontally along the peripheral groove, when flowing through the lattice-shaped peripheral groove formed on the periphery of the artificial reef, collides at the corner and is diffused on both sides, and furthermore, from the gap of the upper plate, Leakage and the flow velocity decreases, losing kinetic energy.

As described above, the rectangular artificial reefs are arranged vertically and horizontally adjacent to each other in addition to consuming the energy of the motion of the waves colliding with the artificial reefs. However, there is a feature that the movement of the adjacent artificial fishing reef due to waves can be prevented, and the collapse of the waves due to the large energy of the waves can be reliably prevented. Furthermore, since the artificial reefs arranged in the artificial algae bed of the present invention have the upper surface of the upper plate and the lower surface of the lower plate laminated as a plane, the lower surface of the planar lower plate is It has the advantage that it can be stably stacked by contacting it over a large area. Stacking in this state also realizes a feature of effectively preventing collapse of the artificial fishing reef due to waves.

Further, the artificial reef having a rectangular shape formed by connecting the upper plate and the lower plate at the center can be formed into a strong shape as a whole, in addition to effectively consuming the energy of waves. In addition, there is a feature that damage due to waves can be reduced.

Furthermore, the artificial algae bed of the present invention is provided with a wide surface on which the seaweed can be bred, so that the seaweed can be bred efficiently, and there is a space where lobsters, abalones and the like can safely inhabit. It also has the feature that it can be propagated efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional artificial reef.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another example of a conventional artificial reef.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another example of the conventional artificial reef.

FIG. 4 is a partially sectional perspective view showing another example of a conventional artificial reef.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of an artificial seaweed bed submerged on the seabed according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the artificial seaweed bed shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of an artificial seaweed bed submerged on the seabed according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another example of the artificial reef constituting the artificial seaweed bed.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the artificial reef shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a side view showing another example of the artificial reef constituting the artificial seaweed bed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... artificial reef 2 ... upper plate 3 ... lower plate 4 ... peripheral groove 5 ... upper and lower holes 6 ... gap 7 ... parallel groove

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Kentaro Nishino 397-8 Muronouchi, Ryoke-cho, Anan-shi, Tokushima Prefecture (56) References JP-A-7-138928 (JP, A) JP-A-51-67607 (JP) JP-A-59-68504 (JP, A) JP-A-57-122268 (JP, U) JP-A-3-54162 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB Name) A01K 61/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of artificial reefs having the following structure:
An artificial seaweed bed laid on the seabed, characterized in that (1) is laid. (A) A plurality of artificial reefs made of concrete (1) are arranged vertically and horizontally adjacent to each other, and are installed on the seabed at a depth where seagrass is thriving. (B) The artificial reef (1) has a shape in which an upper plate (2) having a flat upper surface and a lower plate (3) having a flat lower surface are vertically connected at a central portion. (C) The upper plate (2) and the lower plate (3) are square, and a peripheral groove (4) is provided on the outer periphery of an intermediate portion connecting the upper plate (2) and the lower plate (3). I have. (D) The upper plate (2) has a smaller outer shape than the lower plate (3), and the artificial reef (1) arranged vertically and horizontally adjacently has a gap (6) at the boundary of the upper plate (2), This gap (6) communicates with the peripheral groove (4). (E) When multiple artificial reefs (1) are stacked in multiple layers,
In addition, the artificial reef (1) laid in the upper
At the border of the artificial reef (1). (F) In the center of the artificial reef (1), penetrate up and down
A hole (5) is opened.The upper and lower holes (5) are
Gap between upper plate (2) and artificial reef (1)
It communicates with (6). 2. An artificial fish reef (1) having a vertically open center.
The upper and lower holes (5) that open are tapered at the lower end.
The artificial algae bed submerged in the seabed according to claim 1, which is open .