JP2966361B2 - Working fluid distribution device for piston type hydraulic motor or hydraulic pump - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a piston type hydraulic motor or hydraulic pump, and more particularly to a distribution plate and a pressure plate having opposing surfaces having the same structure, and a gap formed at a joint between the two plates. The present invention relates to a hydraulic fluid distribution device for a piston-type hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump including a plate valve rotatably supported while maintaining a dynamic equilibrium state in a space formed by a holding ring.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, a hydraulic pump is a hydraulic device for converting mechanical power of a driving machine such as an electric motor or an engine into fluid power, and a hydraulic motor is opposite to the hydraulic pump. A hydraulic device that converts fluid power into mechanical power. These are classified into the two types of devices according to their power conversion directions, but the structures of both are essentially the same.

[0003] Conventionally, in such a hydraulic motor or hydraulic pump, a method of increasing the operating pressure and the number of revolutions in order to increase the power per unit weight has been adopted.

[0004]

However, a conventional hydraulic motor or hydraulic pump in which a plate valve that causes a large friction loss when operated at high speed is applied to a radial piston type hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump of the same type is not provided. ,
It is difficult to increase the speed and increase the power per unit weight. On the other hand, when operated at a low speed, there is a drawback that a uniform flow rate and oil pressure cannot be maintained.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to improve the problems of the prior art, maintain a uniform oil pressure and flow rate at a constant rotation speed even in a low-speed operation range, and increase the effective operating speed to improve the operation efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide a working fluid distribution device for a piston type hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump which can be improved and can be operated with an upper limit of the operating pressure set arbitrarily.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, in a working fluid distribution device for a piston-type hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump according to the present invention, a rotating state is maintained at a center in a valve casing 6 while maintaining a moving balance state. Plate valve 1
0, the distribution plate 2 and the pressure plate 7 arranged on both side surfaces of the plate valve 10 which can assist the dynamic balance of the plate valve 10.
And the outer periphery of the plate valve, the distribution plate 2 and the pressure plate 7
And a gap retaining ring 9 disposed between the valve and the valve to reduce the mechanical friction of the plate valve, and the plate valve 10, the distribution plate 2 and the pressure plate 7 are mounted and supported on the body 1 of the piston type hydraulic motor or hydraulic pump. A valve casing 6 is provided.

[0007] In the working fluid distribution device having the above configuration,
The upper and lower sides of the plate valve 10 have symmetrical shapes,
It can also be configured to maintain a moving and balanced state between the distribution plate 2 and the pressure plate 7.
A part of the outer peripheral surface may be cut off to form a shape that can reduce the rotational inertia force and the amount of oil leakage.

Further, in order to reduce the mechanical friction of the plate valve 10, the gap holding ring 9 is connected to the plate valve 1.
It can be formed slightly thicker than zero.

An annular working fluid flow path 6 is provided in the pressure plate 7.
21 can be formed to reduce the volume and simplify the structure.

Further, five balance ports 72 having a shape corresponding to the five timing ports 22 formed in the distribution plate 2 are formed in the pressure plate 7, and the distribution plate 2 is opposed to the distribution plate 2 via the plate valve 10. It is preferable to adopt a configuration in which the shape and size of the opposing surface of the pressure plate 7 and the pressure plate 7 are matched.

A flat spring 13 is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the pressure plate 7 and the inner peripheral surface of the valve casing 6.
3, the pressure plate 7 is urged toward the main body 1, and the difference between the oil pressure applied from the plate valve 10 side of the pressure plate 7 and the oil pressure applied from the other end of the pressure plate 7 plus the urging force of the flat spring 13 is applied. , The upper limit of the operating pressure can be set.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG.

FIG. 1A is a plan view of a plate valve 10 used in a first embodiment of the working fluid distribution device of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (C) is a bottom view of the same, and FIG. 2 (A) is a diagram showing a pressure disposed at the bottom of the plate valve 10 used in the first embodiment of the working fluid distribution device of the present invention. Plan view of plate 7, FIG.
FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.
FIG. 3A is a plan view of the gap holding ring 9 forming a plate valve chamber 113 which is a space for accommodating the plate valve 10 on the inner peripheral side, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. FIG. 4 shows the plate valve 1 shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a working fluid distribution device of a piston type hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump assembled using a pressure plate 7, a pressure plate 7, a gap holding ring 9, and the like.

The working fluid distribution device for a piston type hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump according to the present invention can be used in common for both the piston type hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump. An example in which the present invention is used for a hydraulic motor will be described.

As shown in FIG. 4, the distribution plate 2 and the pressure plate 7
Is accommodated in an internal cylindrical space, and a valve casing 6 provided with flow paths 62 and 63 and a port 11 for flowing a working fluid is provided with a seal 61 at an end of the hydraulic motor body 1.
And fixed via

The distribution plate 2 has five leak ports 24 and a circulation passage 23 for recirculating the leaked working fluid, and five balance ports 72 formed in the pressure plate 7 at five positions. A timing port 22 is provided (FIG. 2). The timing port 22 is connected to the inside of the end of the main body 1 via a seal 26, and has a function of guiding a working fluid between the plate valve 10 and the main body 1.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (C), the plate valve 10 maintains the dynamic balance state.
The upper and lower sides are completely symmetrical, and the first valve port 101 is formed by cutting out a part of the outer periphery of the plate valve 10 in order to reduce the moment of inertia and minimize the amount of leaking working fluid. I have. As shown in FIG. 4, the plate valve 10 is connected to a rotating shaft 100 to enable rotation in a plate valve chamber 113 formed by the distribution plate 2, the pressure plate 7, and the gap holding ring 9. It is arranged. Therefore, the center of the action of the hydraulic pressure applied to the upper and lower side surfaces of the plate valve 10 is located at the center of the geometric shape of the plate valve 10, so that the starting is fast and the conversion between the forward and reverse rotation is fast.

The plate valve 10 serves as a valve for supplying a working fluid to the hydraulic motor or discharging the working fluid to reciprocate a piston provided in a cylinder of a hydraulic motor (not shown). Then, the working fluid is guided between the ring hole 91 (FIG. 3) formed in the gap holding ring 9 and the timing port 22 of the distribution plate 2 (FIG. 4).

The plate valve 10 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (C), the upper and lower sides are formed in the same shape.
Plays an important role in rotating the pressure plate 7 and the distribution plate 2 while maintaining a moving balance.

On the other hand, the pressure plate 7 is arranged so that a flow path 125 of a working fluid is formed at the bottom of the valve casing 6 via a seal 74, and a port 71 is formed on a surface facing the plate valve 10. Further, a flow path 621 communicating the port 71 with the flow path 125 is formed in the pressure plate 7 in an annular shape. Also, five balance ports 7 are provided at the same positions as the timing ports 22 of the distribution plate 2 so that the plate valve 10 can rotate while maintaining the moving balance.
2 is positioned and the pressure plate 7 is arranged. A space 121 is formed between the wall portion 75 of the pressure plate 7 and the inner wall of the valve casing 6 opposed thereto.
A countersunk spring 13 is arranged in 1.

In the arrangement state shown in FIG. 4, the pressure plate 7 is strongly urged toward the main body 1 by the reaction force of the flat spring 13 arranged in the space 121.

The drag of the flat spring 13 is appropriately selected and adopted, and the oil pressure applied to the plate valve 10 from the flow path 125 side is set to be higher than the oil pressure applied to the pressure plate 7 from the plate valve 10 side. The upper limit of the working pressure of the working fluid distribution device can be arbitrarily set depending on the operation.

When the hydraulic pressure applied to the pressure plate 7 from the plate valve 10 becomes higher than the reaction force of the flat spring 13, the pressure plate 7 is pressed in a direction away from the main body 1 and the gap holding ring 9 is pressed.
Is separated from the distribution plate 2, and the supplied working fluid is
1. It flows out through the leak port 24 and the circulation channel 23.

On the other hand, the distribution plate 2 having five timing ports 22 having the same shape and size as the five balance ports 72 formed in the pressure plate 7 is a plate valve 10.
And a working fluid is guided between the flow paths 141 and 142 formed in the main body 1.

The gap retaining ring 9 is formed to be slightly thicker than the thickness of the plate valve so that when the plate valve 10 rotates between the pressure plate 7 and the distribution plate 2, no mechanical friction is generated at a relative movement portion. The gap holding ring 9 has a ring hole 91 through which the working fluid can flow into and out of the plate valve chamber 113, and grooves 111 and 112 formed in an endless annular shape on both upper and lower surfaces thereof (FIG. 4). ).

As shown in FIG. 3, the gap holding ring 9
Are formed with two pin holes 81, and the gap holding ring 9 is also formed at the end of the pressure plate 7, the distribution plate 2 and the main body 1.
A pin hole communicating with the pin hole 81 is formed in the axial direction. By inserting the pin 8 into the pin hole 81, the pressure plate 7, the gap holding ring 9, the distribution plate 2 and the main body 1 of the hydraulic motor are mutually connected. It is accurately positioned (FIG. 4).

The rotating shaft 100 is connected to a piston shaft of a hydraulic motor (not shown), and the rotating shaft 100 is rotatably supported by a bearing 108 in the main body 1 so as to be rotatable with respect to the plate valve 10. Transmission of rotational driving force.

Further, the rotating shaft 100 determines the opening / closing cycle of each timing port 22 of the distribution plate 2 and the reciprocating cycle of each piston for supplying and discharging a working fluid connected to the piston shaft of a hydraulic motor (not shown). Are synchronized.

On the other hand, the rotating shaft 100, the main body 1 and the distribution plate 2
A gap 25 is formed between the main body 1 and the main body 1 so that the working fluid circulated through the leak passage 24 and the circulation passage 23 can circulate through the main body 1.

Next, the configuration and operation of a working fluid distribution device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 5A is a plan view of a plate valve 10 'used in the working fluid distribution device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a plan view of FIG. 5 (C) is a bottom view of the plate valve 10 ′, and FIG.
6A is a plan view of a pressure plate 7 'used in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
It is a VI-VI line sectional view of (A).

The pressure plate 7 'and the plate valve 10' of the second embodiment of the present invention have the same performance and structure as those of the pressure plate 7 and the plate valve 10 used in the first embodiment except for the parts described below. .

In the first embodiment, the plate valve chamber 113
Of the two flow paths for supplying and discharging the working fluid to and from the pressure plate 7, only the flow path 621 is formed in the pressure plate 7, and the other flow path uses a ring hole 91 formed in the gap holding ring 9. However, in the pressure plate 7 'of the second embodiment, a port 17 for supplying and discharging a working fluid is further formed on the outer periphery of the flow path 621, and the ring hole 9 is formed.
1 or the supply of working fluid to the plate valve chamber 113 through this port 17 together with the ring hole 91.
It is discharging (Fig. 6).

The plate valve 10 'of the second embodiment has the same function as the plate valve 10 of the first embodiment, and
It is formed slightly larger than the plate valve 10 of the embodiment. The plate valve 10 'of the second embodiment has a large number of through holes 10 corresponding to the positions of the ports 17 of the pressure plate 7' of the second embodiment.
4 and the valve port 101 of the plate valve 10 of the first embodiment
And a circular ring portion 105 surrounding the valve port 101 ′ formed in the same shape as the above.

Hereinafter, the operation of the working fluid distribution device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8 (note that the following reference numerals have been omitted from FIGS. 7 and 8 and FIG. 4). At the same time).

FIG. 7 shows an example in which the working fluid distribution device of the present invention is applied to a piston type hydraulic motor. The flow of the working fluid when the rotating shaft 100 rotates in the positive direction indicated by an arrow 701 in FIG. FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the rotation shaft 100.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of the working fluid when rotating in the direction opposite to that of FIG. 7.

As shown in FIG. 8, when the rotating shaft 100 rotates in the opposite direction, the working fluid is supplied from the port 11 and flows into the cylindrical chamber 3.

The working fluid flowing into the cylindrical chamber 3 reaches the plate valve chamber 113 via a ring hole 91 formed in the gap holding ring 9.

The working fluid that has reached the plate valve chamber 113 supplies and discharges working fluid connected to the piston shaft of the hydraulic motor (not shown) in the direction of arrow 601 shown in FIG. 8 and as described above. The communication cycle of the valve port 101 of the plate valve 10 that rotates synchronously with the reciprocating cycle of each piston and each timing port 22 of the distribution plate 2 coincide with each other, and the flow path 141 of the main body 1 passes through the timing port 22 of the distribution plate 2.
Will be introduced.

The working fluid introduced into the flow path 141 is introduced into the cylinder of the hydraulic motor to operate the piston. Then, the hydraulic motor operates by the reciprocating motion of the piston of the hydraulic motor (not shown).

After the piston is operated, the working fluid that has consumed the pressure is supplied to the timing port 2 of the distribution plate 2 through another flow path 142 of the main body 1 as shown by an arrow (B) in FIG.
2. It is introduced into the second valve port 102 of the plate valve 10 and the port 71 of the pressure plate 7. Next, the air is discharged to the outside through two flow paths 62 and 63 formed in the valve casing 6 via a flow path 621 formed in the pressure plate 7.

Next, the flow of the working fluid when the rotating shaft 100 rotates in the forward direction will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown by an arrow (B) in FIG. 7, the working fluid discharged from the piston flows into the plate valve chamber 113 via the flow path 141 of the main body 1 and the timing port 22 of the distribution plate 2. Is done. Next, the arrow 70 shown in FIG.
1st valve port 1 of plate valve 10 rotating in the direction of 1
After passing through 01, it flows into the cylindrical chamber 3 through the ring hole 91 of the gap holding ring 9. Then, the air is discharged to the outside through the port 11 of the valve casing 6.

The working fluid having a pressure is applied to flow paths 62 and 63 formed in the valve casing 6 as shown by an arrow (A).
And is supplied to a cylinder of a hydraulic motor (not shown) through a flow path 621 formed in the pressure plate 6, a second valve port 102 formed in the plate valve 10, and a flow path 142.

[0046]

The working fluid distribution device of the piston type hydraulic motor or the hydraulic pump of the present invention constructed and operated as described above maintains the same working efficiency as the conventional one in the low speed operation range, and rotates at a constant speed. To maintain a uniform oil pressure, increase the upper limit of the effective rotation speed of the hydraulic motor or the hydraulic pump to maximize the operating efficiency, and provide an effect of arbitrarily setting the upper limit of the operating pressure for operation. Was completed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a plate valve applied to a working fluid distribution device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein (A) is a plan view,
(B) is a sectional view taken along line II of (A), and (C) is a bottom view.

FIG. 2 shows a pressure plate applied to the working fluid distribution device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein (A) is a plan view,
(B) is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of (A).

3 (A) is a plan view, and FIG. 3 (B) is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a working fluid distribution device of a piston type hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump assembled using the plate valve, the distribution plate and the like.

5A and 5B show a plate valve applied to a working fluid distribution device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG.
(B) is a sectional view taken along line VV of (A), and (C) is a bottom view.

FIG. 6 shows a pressure plate applied to a working fluid distribution device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a plan view,
(B) is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of (A).

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a flow of a working fluid when a rotating shaft rotates in a forward direction in the working fluid distribution device shown in FIG.

8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a flow of a working fluid when a rotating shaft rotates in a reverse direction in the working fluid distribution device illustrated in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body (of a hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump) 2 Distribution plate 3 Cylindrical chamber 6 Valve casing 7, 7 'Pressure plate 8 Pin 9 Gap retaining ring 10, 10' Plate valve 11 Port 13 Flat spring 17 Port 22 Timing port 23 Circulation Flow path 24 Leakage port 25 Gap 26, 61 Seal 62, 63 Flow path 71 Port (of pressure plate) 72 Balance port 74 Seal 75 Wall 81 Pin hole 91 Ring hole 100 Rotary shaft 101, 101 '(first) valve port 102 second valve port 104 through hole 105 circular ring portion 108 bearing 111, 112 groove 113 plate valve chamber 121 space 125 flow path 141 flow path 142 flow path 621 flow path (of pressure plate)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-54-44211 (JP, A) JP-A-1-247767 (JP, A) Fully open 58-191386 (JP, U) Really open 52262 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F04B 1/00-23/14 F03C 1/00-5/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A piston type hydraulic motor or hydraulic pump, comprising: a valve casing (6) having a flow path communicating with the hydraulic motor or hydraulic pump main body (1); and a moving balance state in the valve casing (6). A plate valve (10) that selectively rotates in one direction or the opposite direction while maintaining, and a working fluid disposed on one side of the plate valve (10)
On the other side of the distribution plate (2) and the plate valve (10).
A pressure plate (7) disposed between the working fluid distribution plate (2) and the pressure plate (7);
Arranged, said plate valve (10) causing mechanical friction
That form a space that is arranged to rotate without
A cap retaining ring (9) is provided, and both upper and lower sides of the plate valve (10) are formed in a symmetrical shape.
The plate valve (10) is connected to a valve port (101).
A part of the working fluid is cut out to form the working fluid.
The distribution plate (2) and the pressure plate (7) are a pair of mutually facing surfaces.
Timing ports (22) and buses of the same shape
A transport port (72);
The cap retaining ring (9) is located in the valve casing (6).
Of the working fluid in the distribution plate (2) and the cylindrical chamber (3)
Groove (111) communicating with fluid flow paths (23) (24)
(112) A working fluid distribution device for a piston type hydraulic motor or a hydraulic pump, comprising a ring hole (91) .