JP2961066B2 - Stone grabber and masonry method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rock grabber capable of securely holding and transporting irregular-shaped stones. In the work of river improvement, embankment, slope protection, seawall construction, etc., stones are piled up on slopes or riverbeds. The present invention relates to a masonry or masonry method for fixing a masonry to a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in works such as river rehabilitation, embankment, slope protection, seawall construction, and the like, stones are sequentially placed and fixed on a riverbed or a slope, and stone work is carried out. A wire rope or a chain is hung on a massive stone weighing about 1 to 3 tons, and is lifted and transported by a lifting device such as a mobile crane. By operating the lifting device, the stone is moved to a position to be fixed, and the direction is adjusted by manually pushing or pulling the stone in a suspended state. In addition, while operating the lifting device to temporarily place the stone in the fixed place and confirming it, the stone's posture, height and sitting were adjusted by removing the obstruction of the adjacent stone or adjusting the paving stone and backfilling etc. After that, remove the wire rope or chain hung on the stone, lay the stone in place, finally fill the gap with the adjacent stone by filling it with stones, repeat this work and perform masonry or stone fixing work I have.

[0003] In this masonry and masonry work, work such as hanging a wire rope to lift the stone, adjusting the direction of the lifted stone, and changing the wire rope to adjust the lifting posture, must be performed by human power. No. This work involves dropping stones and crushing limbs,
This involves not only the danger of stepping off and slipping into the hole, but also heavy work and time-consuming work. The work of removing the pile of stones is also extremely difficult, as it is difficult to turn a wire rope under a large block of stone through a narrow gap, and there is a danger that the pile will collapse and become an underlay.

For this reason, as a means for transporting stones, a general swivel-type general-purpose gripper having a wide-width opposing open / close arm having a three-plow and two-plow structure as shown in FIG. In some cases, this is attached to the tip of the arm of a self-propelled work vehicle such as a backhoe, and the grabber is used to move a stone to a masonry work area.
However, in the usual work of masonry or masonry, a lifting device using a wire rope or a chain such as a crane as described above is used.

[0005]

A general-purpose gripper is designed to have a wide opposing arm and a small inward curvature to increase the opening width and to grip a larger and larger object to be conveyed. . Such a wide opposing arm is unsuitable for inserting deeply into a narrow gap in order to pick up a pile of piled stones, and the interval between pins supporting the arm is narrow, and furthermore, the arm Due to the small curvature, the inside of both arms is narrow and not only unsuitable for grasping massive stones, but also the danger of falling during transportation. In addition, when grasping a massive stone having a complicated shape, the stone is not uniformly held by the plow-shaped portion at the tip of the opposing arm, and the opposing arm is twisted. It is stable.

The inventor of the present invention has conducted various studies on a stone grabber. As a result, in order to uniformly hold a massive and complicated shaped stone by the opposing arm and to grasp the stone in a stable posture, the opposing arm in contact with the stone is required. If one arm has a double plow shape that is divided into two branches and protrudes, and the other arm has a single plow shape that protrudes in a slender shape, the stones are cut at the tips of both arms.
It was found that the stone could be held at a point and would be the most stable and ideal way of holding the stone. If both ends of the opposing arm have a single plow shape, the stones are held at two points, and the stone is not stabilized and can easily rotate left and right to escape. In addition, when the tip of the opposing arm has a three-to-two or two-to-two plow-like portion, as in the case of the above-mentioned general-purpose gripper, an excessive torsion acts on each arm, and the stone is being transported. May move or fall.

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention can easily and securely adjust a posture by picking up a massive stone having a complicated shape with unevenness on a piled surface, and can perform a predetermined position. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stone grabber suitable for work for arranging stones in an orderly manner. Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method in which the stone-grabbing machine is used and the stone is grabbed and directly placed at a predetermined position on a masonry on a slope or a riverbed without lifting the stone with a wire rope. That is.

[0008]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a stone grabber 1 according to the present invention is provided at the tip of a movable arm 31 of a self-propelled work vehicle such as a backhoe 30. Bracket 2 that pivots back and forth freely
A frame 4 rotatably attached to the bracket 2 via a revolving ring, a base portion rotatably supported below the frame, and front portions curving inward to each other, and a claw 1
And an opposing arm 5 or 6 provided with 8 or 19, and the arms 5 and 6 can be opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder 7 attached to the frame 4. Although one hydraulic cylinder 7 opens and closes the arms 5 and 6 simultaneously through the arm link 12, it is also possible to open and close the arms 5 and 6 with separate hydraulic cylinders.

In the opposing arms 5 and 6, one of the front portions is formed into a double plow shape having two branches, and the other front portion is formed into an elongated single plow shape. In the stone grabber 1, when viewed from the front as shown in FIG. 2, the front part 15 of the single plow arm 5 is located between the front parts 16 of the double plow arm 6, and when viewed from the side as shown in FIG. The plow arm 5 is configured to bend more sharply into an L-shape than the double plow arm 6, and the tip of the double plow arm 6 projects below the single plow arm 5. On the other hand, the rear portions of the arms 5 and 6 are generally the same in width and narrower than a normal gripper, and may be appropriately provided with slots for weight reduction (see FIG. 4). The distance between the pins 8 supporting the opposing arms 5 and 6 on the frame 4, respectively, generally needs to be narrow in order to securely grip an object such as a stone. The inside must be widened. In order to make such conflicting effects compatible, the inner curves of the arms 5 and 6 are increased.

In the stone grabber 1, its width is substantially the same as that of the arm 5 or 6. The substantially L-shaped bent portion 17 of the single plow-shaped arm 5 is moved from the tip of the claw 18 when the tip of the claw 18 attached to the tip of the arm has the arm opening degree where the inner surface of the double plowed arm 6 meets. And the tangent of the double-plow arm 6 at the intersection of this extension and the extension is preferably substantially orthogonal. The single plow-shaped arm 5 may have a pin supporting structure at a position corresponding to the L-shaped bent portion 17, and the degree of curvature may be finely adjusted by changing the position of the pin, or the L-shaped bent having various degrees of curvature. You may comprise so that it can replace with a member.

In a masonry or masonry construction work in which stones are arranged side by side on a riverbed, a slope, or the like in construction work such as river improvement, embankment protection, slope protection, and seawall protection, a double-plow arm 5 The front part of the arm catches the stone with the tip of the tip curved approximately in an L-shape, while the stone is held and held by the curved surface inside the double plow arm 6 so that the stone can be surely balanced at three points. Hold. In addition, since the single-plow type arm 5 has a narrow single-plow shape at its tip and a narrow width, it can be easily and deeply inserted into a narrow gap of a stone pile.
The stone can be held securely by the arms 5 and 6. The stone grabber 1 is directly disposed in a predetermined space of a masonry or a masonry by running and turning a self-propelled work vehicle such as a backhoe 30 or operating an arm / boom.

[0012]

In the stone grabber 1, the tip of the single-plow type arm 5 is bent substantially in an L-shape to catch the stone at one point of the toe at the tip of the arm. By receiving and holding, the stone can be grasped in a well-balanced manner at three points. The stone grabber 1 can grab the stone in any direction as long as the stone has a shape and a size that can be received by both plows of the double-plow type arm 6. , And the posture can be easily adjusted.

As is clear from FIG. 3, in the single-plow arm 5, the gripping force is concentrated on one point of the toe, and the holding pressure increases, so that the frictional force increases. On the other hand, the roundness and surrounding irregularities of the stone are hung between the two vertical members in the vertical direction of the double plow-shaped arm 6 to prevent skidding and to catch the stone on the curved surface that protrudes long downward. Hold securely in the arm without slipping. In the two-to-one configuration of the arms 5 and 6, the width of the arms can be narrower than in the past, and the work of inserting in a narrow place to grasp a stone or grasping a stone and inserting and installing in a narrow space becomes easier. .

Furthermore, the frame 4 of the stone grabber 1
Since the swivel mechanism can be turned with respect to the backhoe mounting bracket 2, it is possible to easily adjust the position of the grabbed stone in any direction by driving the turning mechanism, and insert the stone at a predetermined position.

[0015]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the stone grabber 1 of the present invention has a bracket 2 composed of a pair of vertical side plates 21 and a horizontal substrate 23 integrally formed below the both side plates above the rocker 2. Having. A frame 4 is located below the bracket 2, and the frame is fastened to the lower surface of the horizontal substrate 23 by a horizontal turning ring 3 having an outer ring fastened by bolts and to a lower surface of the inner ring of the turning ring 3 by bolts. Horizontal board 24
And a pair of side plates 25, 25 which are integrally arranged side by side downward at right angles to the horizontal substrate 24.

Between the side plates 25, 25 of the frame 4, opposing arms 5, 6 each having a base rotatably supported by a pin 8 at a lower portion thereof, and a rear end portion above the both arms being a frame. A hydraulic cylinder 7 having a rod 10 connected to the pin 4 and a rod end connected to a pin 9 at a rear end of the rotation fulcrum of the one arm 5 with a pin 9;
Is transmitted to the other arm 6 and an arm link 12 for opening and closing in cooperation with each other is housed. The arm link 12 connects the arm 5 in the vicinity of the fulcrum pin 8 near the fulcrum pin 8 and the arm 6 in the vicinity of the fulcrum pin 8 and the rear side of the fulcrum pin with the pin 11. The bracket 2 has through-holes 22 for mounting a total of two backhoe mounting pins 22a (FIG. 4) on the front and rear sides of the side plates 21 and 21, respectively.

As shown in the drawing, a bracket 13 or 14 for pivotally supporting the frame 4 is formed at the base of the opposing arms 5 and 6. In the bracket portion 13 of the arm 5, holes for mounting the mounting pin 8 to the frame 4, the connecting pin 9 for connecting to the cylinder 7, and the link connecting pin 11 are formed to penetrate in the above-described arrangement.
On the other hand, holes for mounting the mounting pins 8 to the frame 4 and the link connecting pins 11 are formed through the bracket portion 14 of the arm 6. Arms 5, 6
The rear part of the arm 5 is formed in a vertically long frame shape that curves inwardly to grasp an object such as a stone, the front part 15 of one arm 5 projects in an elongated single plow shape, and the front part of the other arm 6 16 is bifurcated and protrudes in a double plow shape,
Claws 18 or 19 are fixed to the tips of the arms 5 and 16 in a direction substantially vertical to each arm.

As shown in FIG. 1, the opposing arms 5 and 6 are entirely curved inward when viewed from the side. The elongated front portion 15 of the arm 5 differs from the gentle inward curvature of the front portion of the arm 6 and is largely L-shaped at a portion 17 slightly closer to the base. With arms 5 and 6 closed,
As shown in FIG. 2, the front portion 15 of the arm 5 is located between the front portions 16, 16 of the arm 6 when viewed from the front of the apparatus, and as shown in FIG. Are configured to protrude below the arm 6. on the other hand,
The rear portions of the arms 5 and 6 are generally of the same width, have a narrower frame shape than that of a general-purpose gripper (see FIG. 5), and are provided with appropriate slots for weight reduction. In the arm 5, the elongated front part 15 extends from the center of the lower side of the frame-shaped rear part when viewed from the front of the device.
The front portion 16 is bifurcated and extends along both sides of the rear portion.

Generally, the L-shaped bent portion 17 of the arm 5
The tip of the claw 18 attached to the tip of the arm is the arm 6
When the arm opening is in a state where the inner surface of the
It is preferable that the extension line from the front end of the arm 8 and the tangent to the inner curved surface of the arm 6 at the intersection of the extension line be substantially orthogonal to each other. Also, the front part 15,
A plurality of anti-slip projections 20 are formed on the inner surface of each of the 16.

As shown in FIG. 4, the stone grabber 1 is connected to the distal end of the movable arm 31 of the backhoe 30 and the bucket link 32 at the distal end of the arm by pins 22a, 22a. The rock grabber 1 pivots back and forth along the surface on which the arm 31 of the backhoe 30 rotates by the expansion and contraction operation of a hydraulic cylinder 33 having one end connected to the movable arm 31 of the backhoe 30 and the other end connected to the bucket link 32. It is free.

Although not shown, a pipe for supplying hydraulic oil from the backhoe driving hydraulic pump to the stone grabber 1 is attached to the backhoe 30 along the boom and the arm 31, and the hydraulic pressure is provided between the bracket 2 and the frame 4. A swivel joint for relaying oil to the hydraulic cylinder 7 is attached to the center of the turning ring 3. The pipe is connected to a hydraulic connection attached to the bracket 2, then connected to the swivel joint with a hose, and further supplies hydraulic oil to the cylinder 7.

As a turning mechanism of the stone grabber 1, a hydraulic motor 26 driven by hydraulic oil supplied from the backhoe via a boom of the backhoe 30 and a pipe attached to the arm 31 is mounted on the horizontal board 23 below the bracket. Install it vertically downward. The output shaft end of the hydraulic motor 26 penetrates the horizontal board 23 and protrudes downward, and a pinion (not shown) fixed to the shaft end is formed with a ring gear (not shown) formed along the inside of the inner ring of the revolving ring 3. )). When the hydraulic motor 26 rotates, the horizontal substrate 24 of the frame 4 is fastened to the inner ring of the turning ring 3 by bolts.
The frame 4, that is, the opposing arms 5, 6 can turn about the center axis of the turning ring 3.

The rock grabber 1 can freely set its position, posture, and direction by rotating the hydraulic motor 26 in addition to running and turning the backhoe 30, operating the boom and the arm 31 as described above, and The opposing arms 5 and 6 can be opened and closed by the expansion and contraction operation of the cylinder 7.

Next, a function and an operation method of the stone grabber 1 having the above configuration will be described, and a method of installing a stone using the stone grabber will be described. By operating the backhoe 30, the stone grabber 1 is positioned on the target stone from among the piled stones, the rod of the cylinder 7 is contracted to open the arms 5 and 6, and then the hydraulic pressure of the turning mechanism is set. The motor 26 is driven to rotate the frame 4 so that the arm 5 or 6 can be easily inserted into the gap between the stacked stones. Then, the boom and arm 31 of the backhoe 30 and the arm 31 and the cylinder 33 are appropriately operated to insert the arm 5 or 6 into the gap between the stacked stones. In this state, the hydraulic cylinder 7 is extended to close the arms 5 and 6, The stone grabber 1 is pulled up while holding the stone.

At this time, if the other stones in the vicinity are in the way and the stone cannot be sufficiently grasped, the gripper 1 is swung in the front-rear direction along the surface on which the arm 31 of the backhoe rotates by operating the backhoe 30. By moving the arms 5 and 6 or opening and closing the arms 5 and 6 or swinging the gripper 1 by the hydraulic motor 26 of the swing mechanism, the stone is pulled out to a position where it is easy to work, and then the stone is gripped again.

As a method of gripping the stone at this time, the gripper 1 captures the stone at one point at the tip of the claw 18 at the tip of the plow-shaped portion of the single plow-shaped arm 5 that is bent in an L shape. The stone is received inside the plow-shaped arm 6 on a curved surface almost perpendicular to the direction of the claw 18 (see FIG. 3). As a result, the stones are firmly held in a state of equilibrium and stable at three points, and the holding forces acting on the stones from the arms 5 and 6 are almost opposed to each other. It hardly moves or escapes inside. In the case of a large stone, the degree of opening of the arms 5 and 6 increases, but the tip of the arm 6 extends downward from the arm 5 while curving inward. To prevent

The gripping force of the arm 5 is concentrated on one point of the toe, the frictional force increases due to the increase of the holding pressure, and the anti-slip convex portion 20 formed inside the arms 5 and 6 causes the stone to move. The surface prevents vertical sliding along the arm.
In addition, the roundness of the stone and the unevenness of the periphery are applied between the two plow-shaped members in the vertical direction of the arm 6 to prevent the skid from slipping, and the stone does not slip in the arms 5 and 6 by these actions. Can be held firmly.

Next, the backhoe 30 is operated to move the picked-up stone to a vacant space where a stone is to be placed in a masonry or masonry place, and temporarily placed there to check a posture, a direction, and the like. I do. If necessary, the stones are re-grabbed and adjusted to an appropriate direction and posture by operating the turning mechanism, and the stones grasped by the grasper 1 are directly inserted into the empty space of the installation location.

In the stone insertion operation, in a gripper having a wide arm such as a conventional general-purpose gripper shown in FIG. Is difficult to see. On the other hand, since the stone grabbing machine 1 employs a narrow arm having two to one plow-shaped arms, the stone inserting operation can be easily performed.

At this time, if the sitting of the stone is poor and unstable, or if there is a large gap between adjacent stones, change the size or shape to another appropriate stone, or use a small stone such as a paving stone or backfilled stone. Adjust the sitting height by adjusting the height or filling and inserting boring stone or crushed stone.

After the stone is inserted with the adjustment as described above, the stone grabber 1 is retracted while operating the arms 5 and 6 of the stone grabber 1 in the opening direction, and finally the cobblestone is inserted into the gap between the adjacent stone. Fill the gaps with stones or fine stones or concrete to complete the stone installation. The above procedure is repeated, and stones are arranged one after another at stonework sites such as slopes and riverbeds.

According to this masonry construction method, a series of operations of grabbing, transporting, adjusting the posture of a stone, inserting a stone into a vacant space of a stone frame, adjusting temporary placement and sitting of a stone, and setting a stone are performed. All can be done with the gripper 1. Moreover, there is no need to lift a stone with a crane or the like by hanging a wire rope or a chain as in the past, or to rotate it manually.
The task of easily and safely installing the stone at the target position in a short time is completed.

[0033]

According to the stone grabber of the present invention, the width of the tip of one of the single plow-shaped arms is narrow and can be easily inserted into the gap between the stones.
The inner curved portion of the other double-plow type arm receives and holds the stone, and the single plow-shaped arm catches the stone with the tip of the L-shaped bent plow-shaped portion. You can concentrate on the stones and get a good grip on the stones with great friction. In addition, the swing mechanism of the rock grabber and the arm of the backhoe can be used to freely change and adjust the direction and posture and re-grip, so that the rock posture can be safely and quickly and accurately compared to the conventional method of lifting with a crane. And direction adjustment and installation.

In the stone grabber of the present invention, the tip of the claw at the tip of the plow-shaped portion of the single plow-shaped arm bent in an L shape catches the stone, and the stone is received by the inner surface of the double plow-shaped arm. For holding, even if the distance between the pins supporting the two arms provided on the frame is narrowed, a large stone can be grasped without hindrance, and the curvature of the inner curve of the arm does not need to be so large.
Therefore, this stone grabber can be reduced in size and weight, the gap between the arms in a state where both arms are closed is small, and when grasping in the back of the arm, it is possible to grip a small object or a plate-shaped or rod-shaped object, It can also be used to transport construction materials other than stone, and the use is widened. On the other hand, in the conventional gripper for large lumps or round logs, the opening / closing arm has a wide inner portion and is easy to hold, so that the distance between the support pins of the arm shaft support is widened and the arm is closed. Even when both arms are closed, the gap between the inner surfaces of the arms is large, and there is a disadvantage that a small object cannot be grasped even when both arms are closed.

Further, the stone grabber according to the present invention is attached to the end of a movable arm of a self-propelled work vehicle such as a backhoe,
By using it for stonework or masonry work on riverbeds and slopes, it is not necessary to lift stones with a lifting device such as a crane. As a result, the posture and direction of the stone can be adjusted without relying on the human power of the worker, the stone can be securely placed at a predetermined position, and the work safety is improved, and the work time is greatly reduced. Construction can be completed in a short period of time by shortening.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a stone grabber according to the present invention;
The closed state of the opposing arm is indicated by a solid line, and the open state is indicated by a broken line.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the gripper as viewed from a direction A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state where a stone is grasped by an opposing arm in the stone grasper of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the stone grabber according to the present invention is attached to a backhoe to perform a masonry work.

FIG. 5 is a front view similar to FIG. 2 showing a conventional wide general-purpose gripper.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stone grabber 2 Bracket 3 Revolving ring 4 Frame 5 Single plow type arm 6 Double plow type arm 7 Hydraulic cylinder 18, 19 Claw

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A bracket for pivotally supporting a movable arm of a self-propelled work vehicle such as a backhoe so as to be pivotable back and forth .
In stone grab machine base is to have a facing arms and tip are rotatably supported on the frame downwardly provided with nails curved the leading end inward to each other, the bracket frame
Pivotally attached to the frame via a swing ring.
Opposing arms open and close with each other with a hydraulic cylinder attached to the arm
Capable constructed and Fukusuki form two claws divided one of the front portion of the arm opposite to the fork and the elongated one and the other of the front portion
As well as the shape of the single plow-shaped claw, front portion of the single spade-arm when viewed from the front of the device is positioned between the front portion of the double plow-shaped arm, and viewed from the side with the single plow-arm is Fukusukigata arm When
Both are rockers that are largely curved in an approximately L-shape and are configured so that the tip of the double plow arm protrudes downward together with the tip of the single plow arm. 2. The width of the device is substantially the same as that of a double-plow arm, and the substantially L-shaped bent portion of the single-plow arm has an inner surface of a double-plow arm in which the tip of a claw attached to the tip of the arm is formed.
Claims and when the arm opening of the exit meeting state, the extension from the tip of the nail, is constructed as a tangent to the curved inner surface of the double plow-arm at the intersection between the extended line substantially perpendicular The stone grabber according to 1. 3. A river improvement, embankment slopes protection, in construction stone masonry or rock work construction fixed side by side like the riverbed and slopes in such revetment construction, when raising grasp the stone, one
The front part of the single plow-shaped arm of the claw catches the stone with the tip of the tip curved approximately L-shaped, while the stone is received and held by the inside curved surface of the double-pawed double-plow arm. Three stones
Securely held by the point, also the narrow gap stone dumping is
At the tip is rather elongated width crowded insert the narrow single plow-arm suffers from the stone in the opposing arm and held at three points, the self-propelled working predetermined cavity masonry or rock work by the traveling of the truck, such as a backhoe Masonry construction method to place as it is.