JP2960874B2 - Cutting machine for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield excavator having a convex portion such as a simultaneous backfill pipe on the outer periphery of a shield main body, and to a hard excavation area such as a start port of a start shaft formed of a nomst wall. The present invention relates to a cutting device for a shield machine, which is formed by cutting an opening through which the convex portion can pass.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When excavating an underground pit such as a tunnel with a shield excavator, a start shaft is provided at the starting point, and the shield excavator is installed in the shaft when starting. To prevent groundwater and sediment from entering this shaft,
Ground improvement is performed on the surrounding ground by performing chemical injection treatment as necessary, and a pit wall is laid around the shaft. Therefore, when starting up, the shield machine needs to break through the shaft wall of the shaft located on the starting path, that is, the starting opening, and enter the ground. Therefore, to make it easier to understand the situation at the time of starting such a shield machine,
This will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where a shield machine is installed in a starting shaft,
FIG. 11 is a view in the direction of arrow A in FIG.

In FIGS. 10 and 11, reference numeral 1 denotes a shield body of a shield machine, 2 denotes a cutter wheel having a number of cutters for cutting ground, and 3 denotes a shield body 1.
Is a simultaneous backfill tube provided on the outer peripheral portion of the tube. Simultaneous backfill tube 3
Is an injection pipe attached to the back of the shield body 1 so that the backfill material can be immediately injected when a segment is assembled to the inner periphery of the tail plate. A pair is provided at an interval. The shield excavator shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 is provided with such a simultaneous backfill pipe 3, but the backfill material is injected into the back side of the segment by a conventional backfill for the backfill. Had been done through grout hall.
However, recently, such a simultaneous backfill pipe 3 that is simultaneously propelled by a shield machine and backfilled is equipped. Reference numeral 4 denotes a starting shaft provided at the starting point of the shield excavator, 4a denotes a starting opening of the starting shaft, and 4b allows the shield excavating machine to pass while sealing between the shield excavator and the wall of the starting shaft 4 at the time of starting. The entrance packing 5, which can be operated, is a starting stand provided at the bottom of the starting shaft for starting the shield machine. As described above, when excavating an underground pit with a shield machine, the starting shaft 4 is provided at the starting ground of the excavation, and the starting port 4a is formed on the wall of the starting shaft 4. The entrance packing 4b is attached to the wall of the starting shaft 4 around the starting port 4a. In the starting shaft 4, a starting stand 5 is installed, on which a shield machine is mounted. When the shield excavator is started, after performing such preparation work, the shield excavator is propelled toward the start port 4a, thereby breaking through the start port 4a forming the shaft wall of the shaft while passing the entrance packing 4b. It is necessary to rush into the ground.

[0004] The shaft of the starting shaft is usually constructed of reinforced concrete. However, since the concrete is hard to cut and the reinforcing bars are embedded, the starting opening is cut by a cutter of a shield excavator to break through. It is difficult to do. For this reason, when the shaft of the starting shaft is constructed of such reinforced concrete, it is necessary to separately excavate the starting port with a rock drill when excavating the shield excavator, which poses a problem in terms of work efficiency. Was. Under these circumstances, recently, a new material has been developed so that the starting opening of the starting shaft can be cut by the cutter of the shield excavator itself. For example, Nomst (N.
OMST; Novel Material Shield
-catable Tunnel-wall Syrate
m), fiber and concrete. Among these new materials, for example, Nomst is concrete using limestone which is relatively easy to cut as a coarse aggregate by mixing carbon fibers instead of embedding reinforcing steel. By constructing at least the starting port of the shaft of the starting shaft using such new material concrete, as long as the shield body is a general shield machine with the same shape as the cutter cross section, In the same manner as when performing normal excavation, the starting opening of the starting shaft can be cut with its own cutter to easily break through, and extremely efficient starting can be performed.

[0005]

However, there is a shield excavator as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 provided with a simultaneous backfill pipe, and a shield excavator is provided. In the case of a shield excavator with a convex part, the starting port of the starting shaft is formed by a new material concrete wall such as a nomst wall, easily break through the starting port when starting from inside the starting shaft I can't. In other words, the projections formed by such backfill pipes are located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the section cut by the cutter of the shield machine, and even though the nomust wall can be cut by the cutter of the shield machine. Even if the starting port of the starting shaft is cut with the cutter, it cannot be easily passed through the convex portion as in the case of normal excavation of the ground because it is harder than the normal ground. For this reason, conventionally, when the starting port of the starting shaft is formed of a concrete wall made of a new material, the convex portion is not provided as much as possible on the outer periphery of the shield body. When it is unavoidable to provide a convex portion, the overcutter is protruded to excavate the outer peripheral side of the cross section of the cutter to form an opening through which the convex portion can pass. . However, since it is difficult to instantaneously project the over cutter in accordance with the phase of the convex portion on the outer periphery of the shield main body, when excavating the outer peripheral side of the cutter excavation cross section using the over cutter, the entire periphery is excavated. The method was taken. Such a method is not only uneconomical since an unnecessary opening is formed at the starting port of the starting shaft, but also has a problem in work efficiency. There is room for these problems when excavating start-ups made of new materials, such as the Nomst wall, and also when excavating ground. In other words, while this problem can be avoided during normal excavation of the ground, during the excavation of the ground, a hard ground that is as strong as the launch port of new material may be encountered. Causes the same problem as described above. Recently, ground improvement technology has been advanced to improve the safety of excavation with shield machines, and it has become possible to dramatically improve the strength of the ground, leaving room for these problems to occur. Is increasing.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems found in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator having a projecting portion on the outer periphery of a shield body, using the new material. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting machine for a shield excavator capable of efficiently excavating and passing through a hard excavation area such as a formed starting port of a starting shaft or a hard ground.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator having a convex portion on an outer peripheral portion of a shield body and cutting an opening through which the convex portion can pass through the excavation area. A cutting device for a shield machine, formed by forming a plurality of cutting bits fixed in a plurality of stages arranged in an axial direction of the shield body on an outer peripheral portion of the shield body at a front portion thereof. The height of the bit is gradually increased from the front stage to the rear stage so that an opening through which the convex portion can pass is formed stepwise. " Achieved by a cutting machine of a shield machine as described.

[0008]

The cutting machine for a shield machine according to the present invention has such a configuration.
Cutting is performed in the excavation area by using the cutting bits in the preceding stage in order. In this way, by cutting the excavation area sequentially with the cutting bits at each stage, a large number of the cutting bits share the opening of a desired shape in a stepwise manner, so that the load and cutting resistance applied to the cutting bits are reduced. An opening which can be reduced and can pass through the convex portion of the outer peripheral portion of the shield body can be formed without difficulty in the excavation area. This excavation area is particularly defined in claim 2 of the claims.
In the case of a starting shaft of a starting shaft made of a new material so that it can be cut with a cutter of a shield excavator, the opening that can pass through the convex part of the outer periphery of the shield body is usually By simply performing the same excavation as the excavation of the shield shaft, it can be formed without difficulty at the start port of the starting shaft, and even if it is a shield excavator that has a convex part on the outer periphery of the shield body, efficient start by itself can be performed it can. When the configuration of claim 3 is adopted when embodying the present invention, the height of the cutting bit is gradually increased from the front stage to the rear stage. In combination with the configuration, the opening through which the convex portion can pass is formed more stepwise, so that the cutting resistance when cutting the starting port can be reduced more effectively.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9 by taking as an example a case where the excavation area to be excavated by a shield excavator is a starting port of a starting shaft formed of a new material concrete such as a nomust wall. It will be described based on. FIG. 1 is an enlarged side view schematically showing a main part of a shield machine provided with a cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view specifically showing an enlarged part A of FIG. 3 is a view in the direction of the arrow B in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a view in the direction of the arrow C in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a view in the direction of the arrow D in FIG. 1, and FIG. View in the direction of arrow E,
7 is a view in the direction of the arrow F in FIG. 1, FIG. 8 is a view in the direction of the arrow G in FIG. 1, and FIG. 9 is a view in the direction of the arrow H in FIG. In FIGS. 1 to 9, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 10 and 11 represent the same parts as those in FIGS. FIG.
The shield machine shown in FIG. 9 to FIG. 9 is provided with a simultaneous backfill tube 3 above the outer peripheral portion of the shield body 1 and has a convex portion, similarly to the shield machine shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. ing.

Therefore, the cutting device of the shield machine according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the device of the present embodiment, the starting port is formed of a new material concrete which can be cut with a cutter of a cutter wheel 2 such as a nomst wall. A shield excavator that starts a starting shaft that has been started, and is a device that cuts and forms an opening through which a convex portion formed by the simultaneous backfill pipe 3 can be passed through the starting port of the starting shaft at the time of starting. is there. In order to achieve this, in the apparatus of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 9, a large number of Cutting bit 6 of shield body 1
6 steps are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the axial direction and fixed, and the height of these cutting bits 6 is gradually increased from the front to the rear, so that the cutting of these cutting bits 6 An opening through which the simultaneous backfill tube 3 can pass is formed stepwise.

The arrangement of the cutting bits 6 at each stage fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the shield main body 1 is as shown in FIGS. That is, FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the first stage cutting bits 6,
FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the second-stage cutting bits 6, FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of the third-stage cutting bits 6, and FIG.
FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of the fifth stage cutting bits 6, and FIG. 8 shows the arrangement of the sixth stage cutting bits 6.
Is designed so that the latter is higher than the former. When the drill bits 6 are arranged in a plurality of stages on the outer peripheral portion of the shield body 1 and fixed, the drill bits 6 arranged in each stage cooperate with each other so as to cut an opening having a desired shape. An appropriate number of digging bits 6 are arranged on the rim, and a large number of digging bits 6 are fixed. In the present embodiment, the opening formed in the starting shaft of the starting shaft by these cutting bits 6 has a substantially arc shape in accordance with the shape because the simultaneous backfill pipe 3 has a substantially arc shape in cross section. Like that. Therefore, the first-stage cutting bit 6 for forming the vicinity of the bottom of such a substantially arc-shaped opening,
As shown in FIG. 3, approximately seven pieces are arranged at substantially equal intervals in a circumferential area of the shield main body 1 corresponding to the vicinity of the bottom, and the sixth-stage cutting for forming the vicinity of the top of the opening is performed. As shown in FIG. 8, about two bits 6 are arranged in a circumferential area of the shield main body 1 corresponding to the vicinity of the top. In the meantime, the cutting bit 6 is used as shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, the openings are arranged at substantially equal intervals so that the number of arrangements becomes smaller toward the later stage, so that a large number of cutting bits 6 can be formed by cutting the substantially arc-shaped openings in a stepwise manner. In this way, by forming a substantially arc-shaped opening in the starting opening of the starting shaft in a stepwise manner from the bottom to the top with a number of cutting bits 6, concrete such as a nomst wall harder than the ground is formed. Cutting resistance can be reduced even when the wall is cut to form an opening at the start port, and as a result, the shield excavator can use the start port of the start shaft as efficiently and independently as when performing normal excavation. Can pass through.

In this embodiment, when the cutting bits 6 are arranged so that the cutting bit 6 is higher than the preceding bit, the bit depth d of the cutting bit 6 at each step becomes substantially constant, as shown in FIG. So that when the starting bit is cut by these cutting bits 6 to form the opening,
The load applied to the cutting bit 6 at each stage is made as equal as possible. When a plurality of cutting bits 6 of different numbers are arranged in each stage in the circumferential direction area of the shield body 1, a plurality of cutting bits 6 arranged in each stage are arranged.
As shown in FIG. 9, the shields 1 are arranged so as to shift the phase in the axial direction of the shield main body 1 by disposing the central one in the front and the one farther away from the center in the rear.
Thus, even if the cutting bits 6 are arranged in the same stage, the phases are shifted, so that even if the same height position of the starting port is cut by a plurality of cutting bits 6 in the same stage, the cutting bits are not cut at once. To reduce cutting resistance. In the present embodiment, by adopting such a configuration, in combination with the above-described configuration in which the height of the cutting bit 6 is gradually increased from the front stage to the rear stage, the substantially arc-shaped opening is further stepped. The cutting resistance at the time of cutting the starting port can be reduced more effectively.

The cutting device of the shield machine according to the present embodiment is as follows.
With such a configuration, when the shield excavator is propelled toward the starting port of the starting shaft, first, the starting port is cut by the seven cutting bits 6 in the first stage, and the simultaneous backfill pipe 3 is cut.
Of the arc-shaped openings through which the widest part is formed near the bottom, in which case the seven cutting bits 6 are sequentially shifted in time from the one near the center of the seven cutting bits 6. Proceed cutting. Next, the starting port is cut with the six cutting bits 6 of the second stage to form a slightly narrow opening just above the bottom of the arc-shaped opening. Then, cutting is sequentially advanced from the cutting bit 6 near the center. In the same manner as described above, the cutting is sequentially advanced by each of the third to sixth cutting bits 6, and an opening having a gradually narrower width is formed toward the top. In this way, the cutting bits 6 of each stage are sequentially cut, and the arc-shaped opening is shared by the large number of cutting bits 6 so as to be formed stepwise at the starting port of the starting shaft. Even when an opening is formed in the starting port by cutting a concrete wall such as a hard nomst wall, the load applied to the cutting bit 6 and the cutting resistance can be reduced.

Therefore, if the cutting device according to the present embodiment is provided in a shield machine, the shield machine can pass through the convex portion even if the shield machine has the convex portion of the simultaneous backfill pipe 3 on the outer peripheral portion of the shield body 1. An opening that can be formed can be easily formed in the starting opening of the starting shaft only by performing the same excavation as a normal excavation, and the starting opening can be efficiently passed by itself. In addition, after passing through the starting shaft of the starting shaft, in the same way as forming an opening in the starting shaft, an opening is formed in the ground with a large number of cutting bits 6, so that the ground is hardened during excavation. Even when encountering, the excavation can proceed smoothly without damaging the simultaneous backfill pipe 3. In this embodiment,
Among the many cutting bits 6 arranged in six stages in the axial direction of the shield main body 1, a plurality of cutting bits 6 arranged in the same stage are arranged so as to be shifted in phase in the axial direction of the shield main body 1. Therefore, in combination with the configuration in which the height of the cutting bit 6 is gradually increased from the front stage to the rear stage, the substantially arc-shaped opening can be formed more stepwise, and when the starting port is cut, Cutting force can be reduced more effectively. In addition, by arranging the cutting bits 6 arranged in the same stage with the phases shifted in this manner, in addition to the effect of reducing the cutting resistance, the flow of the cutting shear is improved, and the shield body 1 of the cutting bit 6 is further improved. The effect of facilitating the mounting work to the device can also be exhibited.

In the present embodiment, the case where the excavation area to be excavated by the shield excavator is the starting port of the starting shaft made of a new material concrete such as a nomst wall has been mainly described. The cutting device of the machine can be used even when the excavation area is hard ground, and the same effects as described above can be expected. In this embodiment, an example in which the present invention is embodied in a shield machine in which the simultaneous backfill pipe 3 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the shield body 1 is shown. However, in the present invention, grease is injected into the gap between the segment and the tail plate. It is also possible to apply a grease injection pipe to the shield machine provided on the outer peripheral portion of the shield body, in short, if the shield machine has a convex portion on the outer peripheral portion of the shield body, the type of the convex portion Regardless, it can be applied. In the present embodiment, the shape of the opening formed in the starting port of the starting shaft by the cutting bit 6 is made to be substantially arc-shaped in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the simultaneous backfill pipe 3. What shape should be
What is necessary is just to select suitably considering the shape of the convex part of the outer peripheral part of a shield main body, the convenience of cutting, etc. The same applies to the number of cutting bits arranged in the axial direction of the shield body and the number of drilling bits arranged in each stage.In short, the height of the cutting bit is gradually increased from the front to the rear. The shape of the opening, the number of steps of the cutting bit, and the arrangement can be selected as appropriate from the viewpoint of the design if the opening through which the convex portion can be passed is formed.

[0016]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention is provided on a shield machine having a convex portion such as a simultaneous backfill pipe on the outer peripheral portion of the shield body, and allows the convex portion to pass through the excavation area. When configuring a cutting device of a shield machine that cuts and forms an opening that can be formed, a large number of tiers arranged and fixed in multiple stages in the axial direction of the shield main body on the outer periphery of the shield main body at the front part of the convex part The height of these cutting bits is gradually increased from the front stage to the rear stage so that the opening through which the convex portion can pass is formed step by step. A shield excavator cutting device capable of efficiently excavating and passing through a hard excavation area while being a shield excavator having a convex portion at a portion is obtained. If the configuration of claim 2 is adopted when embodying the present invention, the shield excavator having such a convex portion is formed with a starting port made of a material that can be cut by a cutter such as a nomst wall. When a starting shaft is started, the starting shaft of the starting shaft can be efficiently passed by itself.
Furthermore, when the present invention is embodied by adopting the configuration of claim 3 of the present invention, even if the opening through which the convex portion can be passed is formed stepwise by a plurality of cutting bits, the step is further increased. Since it is possible to reduce the cutting resistance when cutting a hard excavation area such as a starting port of a starting shaft formed of a nomst wall, it is possible to more effectively reduce the object of the present invention. Can be achieved effectively. Further, according to the configuration of claim 3 in which a plurality of cutting bits arranged in the same step are arranged with a phase shifted in the axial direction of the shield main body, in addition to the effect of reducing the cutting resistance, the cutting shear is also provided. The effect of improving the flow and facilitating the work of attaching the cutting bit to the shield body can also be exhibited.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged side view schematically showing a main part of a shield machine provided with a cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view specifically showing an enlarged portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a view in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a view in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a view in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a view as seen in the direction of arrow F in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a view in the direction of arrow G in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a view in the direction of arrow H in FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where a shield machine is installed in a starting shaft.

11 is a view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield main body 2 Cutter wheel 3 Simultaneous backfill pipe 4 Start shaft 4a Start port 4b Entrance packing 5 Start stand 6 Cutting bit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hitoshi Takahashi 650, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Manabu Nakano 650, Kandamachi-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Examiner in Tsuchiura Works Takayoshi Fukada (56) References JP-A-2-24097 (JP, A) JP-A-3-13692 (JP, A) JP-A-3-271494 (JP, A) JP-A-63- 210392 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/08 E21D 9/06 301

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shield excavator cutting device which is provided in a shield machine having a convex portion on an outer peripheral portion of a shield body and cuts and forms an opening capable of passing the convex portion in a dug area. On the outer periphery of the shield main body at the front part of the convex portion, a plurality of cutting bits are arranged and fixed in a plurality of stages in the axial direction of the shield main body, and the height of these cutting bits gradually increases as going from the front stage to the rear stage. A cutting device for a shield machine, wherein an opening through which a convex portion can pass is formed in a stepwise manner. 2. The cutting of a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the excavation area is a starting port of a starting shaft formed of a new material so that the cutter can be cut by a cutter of the shield machine. apparatus. 3. A plurality of cutting bits arranged in the same stage out of a plurality of cutting bits arranged and fixed in a plurality of stages in the axial direction of the shield main body so as to be arranged with a phase shifted in the axial direction of the shield main body. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein
Or the cutting device of the shield machine according to claim 2.