JP2956486B2 - Forming equipment for lining tunnel arches - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lining form device for casting and forming lining concrete for a tunnel arch.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A tunnel construction method for forming a tunnel by excavating the ground so that structures such as roads and railways are provided in the ground is based on ground geology and groundwater conditions, the shape and length of a tunnel cross section, and other factors. Various construction methods are selected in consideration of construction conditions and the like. Also, it is known that it is generally advantageous for a tunnel to have an arc-shaped upper section such as a circle or a horseshoe as a structure for supporting earth pressure from surrounding ground. .

On the other hand, in the case of excavating and forming a tunnel having such an upper section having an arch-shaped cross section, conventionally, excavation work of the arch portion of the tunnel has been performed simultaneously with excavation work of the main body portion of the tunnel. A method is adopted in which the ground at the top end of the arch is covered with shotcrete or covered with a lining body such as a segment to protect and form a tunnel.

[0004]

However, according to such a conventional method for constructing a tunnel having an arched cross section at the top, when excavating a main body portion of the tunnel occupying most of the area of the tunnel cross section, In particular, in the case of a tunnel having a large cross section, the ground at the top end of the tunnel being excavated is exposed without protection for a long period of time. There is a risk that excavation work may be dangerous due to peeling and falling, etc.In addition, when spraying concrete after excavation work, dust etc. will be generated and harm the work environment in the tunnel There is. It is preferable that the lining work of the arch-shaped tunnel top end surface is performed immediately after the completion of excavation of the arch portion. However, the lining work of the tunnel top end surface is performed immediately after the excavation work of the tunnel body portion. In the narrow working space in the tunnel, the machine for excavation and the machine for lining will be complicated, and there is a risk that it will not be possible to work efficiently,
It is difficult to form the lining of the tunnel with high accuracy because of the work scaffolding and the like when performing the lining of the tunnel arch after the completion of the excavation of the main body of the tunnel.

Therefore, it is convenient if the arch portion of the tunnel can be excavated in advance and the top end surface of the tunnel can be protected prior to the excavation work of the main body portion. Along with the means for excavation, there is a need for the development of means for quickly and efficiently casting and forming lining concrete in the narrow excavated narrow tunnel arch.

[0006]

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem. An arch portion of a tunnel which has been preliminarily excavated prior to the excavation work of the tunnel body portion has been provided.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a lining form device for a tunnel arch portion capable of efficiently casting and forming lining concrete.

[0008]

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a lining formwork device for a tunnel arch portion according to the present invention is provided on both side bottom surfaces of a tunnel arch portion formed by excavation prior to excavation work of a tunnel main body portion. A pair of self-propelled gantry slidable on the rails, which are erected in an arch shape along the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel across the rails laid on the portions, and formed on each of the self-propelled gantry. A formwork erector for placing each lining form at a predetermined position along the top of the tunnel or removing it from the predetermined position by moving along the arched trajectory,
A form carrier for carrying each form by placing each form on the rail and moving the form on the rails; The form carrier is placed between the pair of self-propelled gantry, and the form is removed from the concrete after curing using the rear self-propelled gantry. The present invention is characterized in that the frame is transported to a self-propelled gantry in front using a form transport truck, and the form is diverted as a form for placing new lining concrete.

[0010]

According to the formwork apparatus for lining a tunnel arch part of the present invention, the trajectories for supporting and sliding the erector for assembling and disassembling the formwork are provided on both side bottom surfaces of the tunnel arch part. Since it is provided on each self-propelled gantry that stands on an arch shape along the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel across the laid rails,
Even when the arch part of the tunnel is excavated in advance and the tunnel main body part is left below, the self-propelled gantry is arranged without contact with the outer peripheral side of the main body part,
Thus, the assembling and disassembling work of the arch-shaped formwork by the sliding movement of the erector can be easily and reliably performed .

In addition, a pair of self-propelled gantry is opposed to each other before and after the place where the lining concrete is placed and cured,
The form carrier truck is arranged to travel on rails between them, so that the rear self-propelled gantry can be used for form dismantling and the front self-propelled gantry can be used for form assembling. If the dismantled form is configured to be conveyed to the self-propelled gantry on the assembly side via the form carrier trolley, the amount of movement of the self-propelled gantry can be reduced as much as possible, and the formwork can be diverted efficiently Enables construction work of lining concrete.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. A tunnel arch lining form device according to this embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a tunnel arch excavated prior to excavation of a main body portion 7 of a tunnel by a tunnel arch excavating device 20 described later. In part 2,
It is used to cast and form an arched lining concrete 3 immediately after the excavating device 20 and runs on rails 41 laid on both side bottom surfaces of the previously excavated arch portion 2. A pair of self-propelled gantry 42, 43 slidable, and a pair of self-propelled gantry 42, 43
And a form carrier trolley 44 running on the rails 41 so as to be able to transfer the lining form 6 'by reciprocating between them.

Each of the self-propelled mounts 42, 43 straddles the rails 41, 41 on both sides and follows the cross-sectional shape of the arch portion 2 of the previously excavated tunnel, and comes into contact with the tunnel body portion 7 therebelow. Each of the arched lining forms 6 is provided along with an arch-shaped slide track 46 that is concentric with the arched shape while being mounted on the arched shape without any standing (see FIG. 2). Predetermined formwork 6 '
The erector 45 for the formwork for disposing or disassembling at the position is guided and slid. That is, each erector 45 is provided with a jack 47 which can be extended and contracted in the radial direction.
And a form gripping device, which receives each form 6 'from the form carrier 44 and moves and installs it at a predetermined position along the arch shape. After curing the concrete, each form 6 'Can be removed and placed on the form carrier trolley 44.

The pair of self-propelled mounts 42, 43
Are arranged so that the surface on the side where the erector 45 slides is opposed to the front and rear of the concrete placing and curing place where the lining form 6 is assembled and installed (see FIG. 1). The self-propelled gantry 42 located at the front, that is, on the face side of the tunnel, is used for assembling the lining form 6.
Functions for dismantling the lining formwork 6. That is, the formwork 6 'located at the part where the curing of the rear part of the lining formwork 6 has been completed.
Is dismantled via the rear self-propelled mount 43,
The dismantled formwork 6 'can be moved forward by the formwork carriage 44 and assembled as a new formwork 6' at a predetermined position via the front self-propelled gantry 42. With this configuration, Self-propelled gantry 4 in a narrow work space
The construction work of the lining concrete 3 can be performed efficiently while minimizing the amount of slide movement of 2, 43 and diverting the formwork.

The form carrier trolley 44 includes a self-propelled gantry 4
2 and 43 travel on the same rail 41 as the moving rail 41, so that the remaining self-propelled gantry 43 can move forward from the rear self-propelled gantry 43 without being hindered by the remaining ground of the tunnel body. Formwork 6 'is securely attached to the traveling mount 42
Can be handed over.

In the above description, the arch portion of the tunnel refers to a region required for forming a structure such as lining concrete at the top end of the tunnel within a tunnel cross section having an arched top end surface. In addition to the portion corresponding to the arch-shaped structure, it also includes an area for a work space necessary for forming the structure. The size of the arch portion of the tunnel is a design item determined in consideration of the cross-sectional shape and scale of the tunnel, the method of constructing the tunnel, and the like. For example, in the case of a large-section tunnel having a size of about several tens of meters, Approximately 2-3m from outer surface
It is preferable that the width be a region along the arched top end surface of the tunnel with a width of the order of magnitude.

In the above description, the main body of the tunnel refers to an excavation area located below the arch of the tunnel and excluding the arch.

In the above description, the completion of curing of the lining concrete 3 does not mean that the concrete reaches the designed final strength, and it does not matter that the mold 6 'is removed. It means that the concrete has been solidified to the extent that no concrete is present.

Next, as an example, while the lining concrete 3 is cast and formed by using the lining form device for the tunnel arch portion having the above configuration, the diameter of the lining concrete 3 shown in FIG.
A description will be given of a construction procedure in the case of excavating and forming a substantially semicircular large-section tunnel 10 of about 0 m in a rock mass, for example, from soft to hard rock.

That is, according to this example, the diameter of the tunnel 10 to be formed is 3.5 m to 5.0 m at substantially the center of the tunnel 10 by, for example, a tunnel excavator (not shown) called a known tunnel boring machine (TBM). Excavation of a central advanced shaft 1 is performed (construction procedure).

After the central advanced shaft 1 is formed, the arch 2 of the tunnel 10 is preliminarily excavated using the tunnel arch excavating device 20 shown in FIG. ).

The excavating device 20 is provided with an outer arched steel shell 2.
An outer shell 18 having a cross-sectional shape substantially similar to the cross-sectional shape of the arch portion composed of the inner arch-shaped steel shell 22 and a plurality of inner arched steel shells 22. Having a cutter head 23 having a size of
The outer shell body 18 is divided into three parts, a front trunk 25, a middle trunk 26, and a rear trunk 27, which are divided in the front-rear direction. The front trunk 25 and the rear trunk 27 can move in the axial direction with respect to each other. Has a middle torso 26
And a middle trunk 26 and a rear trunk 2
To move the front body 25 relative to the front body 7 or the front body 2
The outer shell 18 is expanded and contracted by performing an operation of relatively moving the rear trunk 27 with respect to the 5 and the middle trunk 26, whereby the excavating device 20 can be advanced in a tapered shape. .

As shown in FIG. 8, the front body 25 and the rear body 27 of the excavating device 20 have grippers 28 projecting radially from the peripheral surface thereof to obtain a reaction force from the surrounding ground.
29 and a hydraulic jack (not shown) for driving the same, a gripper 28 of the front body 25 and a rear body 27 are provided.
The grippers 29 are alternately protruded and retracted so as to take a reaction force around and excavate in a measuring shape.

Further, the rear body 27 is provided with a skin plate portion 30 which can be continuously extended and contracted rearward, and after the digging operation, the lining form device of the tunnel arch portion according to this embodiment is used. The work of placing and forming the lining concrete 3 can be easily performed in parallel with the excavation work. That is, the extendable skin plate portion 30 includes a front skin plate 31 that is continuous from the rear trunk 27, and a rear skin plate 32 that is coaxially movable relative to the front skin plate 31, that is, is elastically fitted.
At the rear end of the rear skin plate 32, a hook frame 33 is provided in the form of an inward flange.

With the progress of the excavation, the lining concrete 3 of the arch portion of the tunnel, that is, the arch concrete 3 is cast and formed by cast-in-place concrete immediately after the arch machine 20 (construction procedure). Here, according to this tunnel method, arch concrete 3
Is formed as a thickness of 1.5 m, for example.
This is approximately 3 mm thick in the arch 2 of the tunnel that was previously excavated.
m, the arch portion 2 has a thickness of about 1.5 m still inside the arch concrete 3 and an outer peripheral space portion 2a.
Will remain.

After the completion of the arch concrete 3, the cross section of the remaining tunnel body 7 is excavated by, for example, the entire cross section or the bench cut method (construction procedure). Fig. 5 shows the tunnel body 7 using the bench cut method.
In this figure, the lower face 5 is excavated following the upper face 4 while the upper face 4 precedes it.

Here, the excavation work of the main body portion 7 having such a large cross section is performed by using a blasting method, a split rock method, or the like. Since 2a is formed, these contribute as free surfaces in excavation due to blasting or the like, and can be excavated extremely easily and efficiently.

Further, the advanced shaft 1 can be used as a working space for obtaining ground information and performing an auxiliary construction method in advance when a bad geology is encountered. Furthermore, the arch concrete 3 allows a large section tunnel to be excavated safely and quickly, thereby shortening the overall construction period.

Next, referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the arch 2 of the tunnel is preliminarily excavated by using the tunnel arch excavating device 20, and the excavated arch 2 is used in this embodiment. An example of a concrete construction procedure for casting and forming the arch concrete 3 by using the lining form device for the tunnel arch portion will be described. Here, steps (a) to (f) of FIG. 7 correspond to steps (a) to (f) of FIG.
This corresponds to (f). Further, for convenience of description, a front body 25, a middle body 26, and a rear body 2 having a cutter head 23 are provided.
7 will be described as a digging section 24. The outer shell 18, that is, the excavating device 20, will be described on the assumption that the middle trunk 26 and the rear trunk 27 move relative to the front trunk 25 integrally, but the front trunk 25 and the middle trunk 26 are integrally moved rearward. You may make it move relatively with respect to the trunk | drum 27.

(1) Steps (a) in FIGS. 7 and 8 For convenience of explanation, here, as an initial state, the arch concrete 3 has already been cast between the lining form 6 and the concrete lining. 7 shows a state in which curing of the rear concrete in the part has been completed. The excavated portion 24 is located at a position where the rear trunk 27 is drawn closest to the front trunk 25 side. Therefore, the extendable skin plate portion 30 is in the most extended state, that is, the front skin plate 31 is moved from the rear skin plate 32 to the front skin plate 31. Most pulled out.

(2) Step (b) in FIGS. 7 and 8 The excavating section 24 pushes the gripper 29 of the rear trunk 27 radially outward of the rear trunk 27 and obtains a reaction force from the ground side to form the front trunk 2.
5 excavates.

For the concrete lining portion, each of the formwork 6 'of the rear lining formwork 6 is removed by the formwork apparatus according to this embodiment described with reference to FIGS. The mold 6 is moved to the front side. That is, the formwork 6 'disassembled by the formwork erector 45 in the wellhead-side self-propelled gantry 43 shown in FIG. 2 is sequentially transported to the face side by the formwork carriage 44 as shown in FIG. It is delivered to the gantry 42 and is assembled again by the erector 45 of the self-propelled gantry 42. In this embodiment, the lining form 6 is moved below the area of the rear skin plate 32, and the required lining concrete 3 is formed by the moved lining form 6 and the toe form 33 of the rear skin plate 32. Is formed.

(3) Step (c) in FIGS. 7 and 8 The gripper 28 of the front body 25 is pushed radially outward of the front body 25, and a reaction force is obtained from the ground side to draw the rear body 27. Also, the rear skin plate 3 of the skin plate section 30
2 in the concrete lining section
The lining concrete 3 is poured into the required form space formed by the mold 3 and the lining form 6.

(4) Step (d) in FIGS. 7 and 8 As for the excavation section 24, the gripper 29 of the rear trunk 27 is pushed outward, and excavation is performed by obtaining a reaction force from the ground side. With respect to the skin plate portion 30, the pulling of the rear skin plate 32 is completed, and in the concrete lining portion, the casting of the lining concrete 3 is completed.

(5) Step (e) in FIGS. 7 and 8 Regarding the excavation portion 24, the gripper 28 of the front body 25 is pushed radially outward of the front body 25, and a reaction force is obtained from the ground side to obtain the rear body. Attract 27. Therefore, the front skin plate 31 of the skin plate portion 30 is also drawn together,
The rear skin plate 32 is left in its original position.
Therefore, the form space between the toe form 33 of the rear skin plate 32 and the lining form 6 is maintained, and the lining concrete 3 is cured in the concrete lining portion.

(6) Step (f) in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 The excavation section 24 extrudes the gripper 29 of the rear trunk 27 outward by obtaining a reaction force from the ground side. In the concrete lining section, curing of the lining concrete 3 is continued.

(7) Step (g) in FIG. 7 When the above-mentioned steps (e) and (f) in the excavating section 24 are repeated and excavated, the skin plate section 30 is in the state of being extended most. Then, the state returns to the state (a).

Thus, the arch portion 2 of the tunnel is preliminarily excavated, and the outer layer inside the excavated arch portion 2 is efficiently arch-concrete using the tunnel arch lining form device according to this embodiment. 3 Yuku is pouring formed <br/>. Therefore, the body part 7 in the tunnel 10
Before excavating the ground by blasting or the like, the arch-shaped tunnel top end face will be firmly protected by the lining concrete 3, which makes it possible to excavate the main body part safely and rapidly. Will be possible.

In the above embodiment, the lining formwork device for the tunnel arch portion of the present invention is used to cast the lining concrete 3 into the arch portion 2 of the tunnel which has been excavated prior to the excavation work of the main body. Although the description has been given of the case where the tunnel is used to form, the present invention is not limited to such a case. It can also be used to form. In this case, the lower part of the arch-shaped self-propelled gantry, which is mounted on the standing stance between the two rails, is held as a working space. By reciprocating through the tunnel, the complexity of the machine is avoided as much as possible, and the parallel work with the tunnel excavation work can be performed efficiently.

[0040]

In summary, according to the formwork apparatus for lining a tunnel arch portion of the present invention, the tunnel inner rim spans between rails laid on both bottom surfaces of the excavated tunnel arch portion. A pair of self-standing members are mounted on a standing erected arch along the arch shape, and provided with a formwork erector that moves along the arched shape. Since it is composed of a traveling gantry and a form carrier trolley moving between such opposedly disposed self-propelled gantry, even if the arch part of the tunnel is excavated in advance and the tunnel body part is left below it The self-propelled gantry is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the main body without contacting the gantry, thereby firmly supporting the sliding movement of the erector for formwork along the arch shape. One Ru be readily made. That is , the arch-shaped lining concrete can be efficiently and accurately cast and formed, and the formwork can be diverted while reducing the moving amount of the self-propelled gantry. Thereby, the lining concrete of the tunnel arch can be efficiently formed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration of a formwork device for lining a tunnel arch portion according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a self-propelled gantry and an erector of the formwork apparatus for lining a tunnel arch portion according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a form carrier truck of the form apparatus for lining a tunnel arch portion according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross section of a tunnel formed by a rock tunnel excavation method to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a cross section along the extension direction of the tunnel in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a view showing a state of excavation of an arch portion and formation of arch concrete by the rock tunnel excavation method of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a view showing a construction order of excavation of an arch portion and formation of arch concrete by the rock tunnel excavation method of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a view showing a construction order of excavation of an arch portion and formation of arch concrete by the rock tunnel excavation method of FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Central advanced shaft 2 Arch part of tunnel 2a Arch outer peripheral space part 3 Arch concrete (lining concrete) 4,5 Face face 6 Lining formwork 6 'formwork 7 Tunnel main body part 10 Tunnel 18 Outer shell 20 Tunnel Arch excavating device 21 Outer arched steel shell 22 Inner arched steel shell 23 Cutter head 24 Excavation part 25 Front trunk 26 Middle trunk 27 Rear trunk 28, 29 Gripper 30 Skin plate part 31 Front skin plate 32 Rear skin plate 33 Vessel formwork 41 Rail 42,43 Self-propelled gantry 44 Formwork transport trolley 45 Formwork erector 46 Slide track 47 Jack

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An excavation step for excavating and forming a tunnel main body, wherein the excavation and formation of a tunnel arch spans between rails laid on both side bottom surfaces and extends along an inner peripheral surface of the tunnel. A pair of self-propelled gantry slidable on the rails to be mounted, and tunnels for each lining form by moving along an arch-shaped trajectory formed on each self-propelled gantry. A mold erector for disposing at a predetermined position along the top end surface or removing the mold from a predetermined position, and a mold for transporting each mold by placing each mold and traveling on the rails And a transport trolley,
The pair of self-propelled gantry is opposed to each other before and after the place where the lining concrete is poured and cured, and the form carrier is arranged between the pair of self-propelled gantry. The formwork is removed from the concrete after curing using the traveling mount, and the formwork is transported to the front self-propelled mount using a form carrier truck, and the formwork is poured into new lining concrete. A lining form device for a tunnel arch part, which is diverted as a formwork.