JP2948705B2 - Solid ultra high pressure generating tool - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid ultra-high pressure generating tool. More specifically, the present invention relates to a solid ultra-high pressure generating tool used for research and industrial production of a new material synthesis and sintering under ultra-high pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are various types of solid ultra-high pressure generating tools in the past, but typical ones are a multi-stage multi-anvil type so-called 6-8 type.
There is a type called a split type or a DIA type (for example, an ultra-high pressure generator described in JP-B-42-4189).

[0003] The six-part spherical shape will be described with reference to FIG. LG is a lower guide block installed on the ram of the high pressure press, UG
Is an upper guide block attached to the lower surface of the support plate of the high-pressure press, and A1, A2 to A6 are first-stage anvils. In the figure
Although only four anvils A1, A2, A4, and A6 are visible, it is actually composed of six anvils with a sphere divided into six. C is a second-stage anvil group, which is formed by combining eight small cubes into one large cube. Although the object to be compressed is stored in the second-stage anvil group C, the object to be compressed may be directly pressurized by the first-stage anvils A1 to A6. However, in the following description, pressurization of the second-stage anvil group C with the first-stage anvils A1 to A6 will be described.

The pressurized state of the above-mentioned six-part spherical shape is as shown in FIG. 7, and a vertical pressing force P is applied to each surface of the cube of the second-stage anvil group C by the first-stage anvil. It has been converted to the pressing force F. In the case of this conventional example,
In order to obtain high hydrostatic pressure, the second stage anvil group C
In order to make the pressurized state of each surface of the cube
The shapes of the step anvils A1 to A6 are determined, and as a result, the interface between the upper anvils A4 to A6 and the lower anvils A1 to A3 becomes complicated and complicated. X-rays cannot be introduced into the ultra-high pressure generation space generated at the center of the group C. Therefore, the in-situ observation (observation under pressure applied to the substance), which is ideal for ultra-high pressure experiments, cannot be performed. Therefore, the substance once exposed to ultra-high pressure is taken out at normal pressure and observed. It is.

[0005] In recent years, it has become possible to manufacture the second anvil group at low cost using artificial diamond, and it has become possible to introduce X-rays into the second anvil group. An ultra-high pressure generating tool suitable for this is an apparatus called a DIA type, and its configuration will be described below. FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional view of the DIA type, and FIG. 11 is a bird's-eye view with the upper block removed. Anvil base fixed to each of lower guide block LG and upper guide block UG
In addition to B5 and B6, two guide blocks LG and UG
A pair of movable anvil tables B1 to B4 are arranged, and each movable anvil table
B1 to B4 are provided with anvil position adjusting devices D1 to D4, respectively. First-stage anvils A1 to A6 are attached to the six anvil tables B1 to B6, and a second-stage anvil group C is disposed at the center surrounded by the first-stage anvils A1 to A6.

[0006]

The pressurized state of the DIA type is as shown in FIG. 8, but the second stage anvil group C
Among the six faces of the cube constituting the above, the two pressed faces perpendicular to the pressing direction P of the press and the other four faces have different pressed states. The four first-stage anvils A1 to A4 (see FIG. 11) for pressing the four surfaces parallel to the pressing direction P of the press are movable, and two pairs of movable first-stage anvils (A1 and A2, A3 and A4)
Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to synchronize the anvil size between each pair and to synchronize between the two pairs.

Also, the DIA type has a problem that the pressurizing efficiency is not always good. Referring to FIG. 12, in order to compress in the same direction, the inclination angle φ of the inclined surface that contacts the inner walls of the upper and lower guide blocks UG and LG of the anvil tables B1 to B4 must be 45 °. By the balance of
f = 2fn · sin φ, and P = f + 4fn cosφ = f + 4 ·
1/2 cot φ = 3f. Therefore, the pressing force
Only 33.3% is a force acting on the anvil surface.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention enables in-situ observation, facilitates adjustment of the guide block before pressurization,
An object of the present invention is to provide a solid ultra-high pressure generating tool with high pressurizing efficiency.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a solid ultra-high pressure generating tool for accommodating a plurality of anvils between upper and lower guide blocks and pressurizing an object to be compressed by the anvils. Two movable anvils for pressing two surfaces parallel to the pressing direction, four anvils for pressing four surfaces inclined with respect to the pressing direction, and a pressing force applied to the upper and lower guide blocks. And two sliding blocks each having an inclined sliding surface formed on the back surface thereof for converting the pressure into the pressure of the two movable anvils. Two upper anvils of the four anvils are used as upper guide blocks. The lower two anvils are housed in the cavity, and the remaining two lower anvils are housed in the cavity of the lower guide block, and are arranged so that the four pressing surfaces sandwich the four surfaces of the object to be compressed. Is disposed such that its inclined sliding surface is in contact with inclined wall surfaces formed on opposed inner walls of the respective cavities of the upper and lower guide blocks, and the movable anvil is arranged between the sliding block and two surfaces of the object to be compressed. It is characterized by having done.

[0010]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an ultra-high pressure generating tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which an upper guide block is removed, FIG. 3 is a view taken along line III in FIG. 2, and FIG. 2
FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line IV in FIG.

In FIG. 1, C is a well-known second-stage anvil group composed of eight small blocks in a cube, and a test object to be compressed is inserted into a central portion surrounded by each small block. It has become. This second-stage anvil group C
The pair of opposing surfaces are arranged so as to be parallel to the press pressing direction PL, and the other two pairs are inclined at 45 ° with respect to the press pressing direction PL.

1 for directly pressing the second-stage anvil group C
The tier anvil is configured as follows. That is,
Two movable anvils 1 and 2 are arranged for two surfaces Ca parallel to the press pressing direction PL in the second stage anvil group C, and for four surfaces Cb inclined with respect to the press pressing direction PL. Thus, four fixed anvils 3, 4, 5, 6 are arranged. The movable anvils 1 and 2 are generally truncated pyramid-shaped members, and the truncated surfaces are pressing surfaces 1a and 2a for the second-stage anvil group C.
2a is formed. The fixed anvils 3 to 6 are
This is a member having a shape in which one corner of a square pillar is cut away in a side view, and cut portions are formed on pressing surfaces 3b, 4b, 5b, and 6b for the second-stage anvil group C.

With respect to the movable anvils 1 and 2, a sliding operation for converting the approach operation of the upper and lower guide blocks UG and LG in the press pressing direction (vertical direction) into the pressing operation of the movable anvils 1 and 2 against the second-stage anvil group C. Blocks 10 and 20 are provided. Each sliding block
Reference numerals 10 and 20 denote substantially triangular prism members in side view, and shallow recesses 1 for accommodating the bases of the movable anvils 1 and 2 on the front surface.
1 and 21 are formed.
3, 14, 23 and 24 are formed.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, cavities 30 and 40 are formed in the upper and lower guide blocks UG and LG, respectively. As shown by the cavities 40 in FIG. The front and rear vertical walls (31) 41 and the left and right inclined walls (32) 42 are formed in recesses.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fixed anvils 3 and 5 are accommodated in the cavity 30 of the upper guide block UG, and are fixed immovably by the bottom wall and the two vertical walls 31 opposed to each other. You. The fixed anvils 4 and 6 are accommodated in the cavity 40 of the lower guide block LG, and are immovably restrained by the bottom wall and the two vertical walls 41 opposed to each other. As shown in FIG. 4, the sliding blocks 10 and 20 are provided on the inclined surfaces 32 and 42 of the cavities 30 and 40, and the inclined sliding surfaces 13 and
The movable anvils 1 and 2 are placed in contact with each other. You.

[0016] The ultra-high pressure generating tool includes an upper guide block.
The UG is fixed to the frame of the press, the lower guide block LG is set on the ram of the press, and when the ram is raised, it is guided by the guide posts and the center of the lower guide block LG and the center of the upper guide block UG. Are matched, the lower guide block LG is raised, and the second-stage anvil group C sandwiched between the fixed anvils 3 to 6 is pressurized. Also, the sliding blocks 10 and 20 are composed of upper and lower guide blocks UG and LG.
The movable anvils 1 and 2 press the second anvil group C by sliding on the inclined walls 32 and 42 formed at the center.

In the above-mentioned ultra-high pressure generating tool, the amount of reduction of each of the movable anvils 1 and 2 and the fixed anvils 3 to 6 with respect to each surface of the second anvil group C must be set to be the same. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the amount of reduction L1 by the fixed anvils 3 to 6 is orthogonal to the four surfaces Cb inclined with respect to the pressing direction of the second-stage anvil group C when the amount of movement L of the press ram is 1. The amount of movement in the direction. The moving amount of the rolling amount L1 is represented by Lcos θ, and θ = 45 ° when the second-stage anvil group C is a cube (a regular hexahedron). Therefore, L1 = 1 × 0.707107 and L1 is 0.707107. Become.

The second stage anvil group C which is parallel to the pressing direction
Since the amount of reduction L1 with respect to the surface Ca must be a ratio of 0.707107 with respect to the amount of movement L of the press ram, the inclination angle θ2 of the inclined wall surfaces 32 and 42 of the cavities 30 and 40 is set so as to be as shown in FIG. , And also the inclination angles of the inclined sliding surfaces 13, 14, 23, 24 of the sliding blocks 10, 20). As shown in FIG. 6, assuming that the amount of movement of the press is L and the amount of horizontal reduction of the sliding blocks 10 and 20 is L1, the amount of reduction L2 of the upper and lower guide blocks UG and LG is Lcos
θ2, the rolling amount L2 and the sliding block 1
The amount of reduction L3 applied to 0 and 20 is equal. The amount of reduction L1 of the sliding blocks 10, 20 is 0.707107 relative to the amount of movement L of the press ram.

Here, in order to determine the inclination angle θ2 of the sliding blocks 10 and 20 with respect to the horizontal direction, L · co
Since sθ2 = L2 and L1 · sinθ2 = L3, L · cosθ2 = L1 · sinθ2 because L2 and L3 are equal. Here, assuming that L is 1, L1 becomes 0,707107, and cos θ
2 = 0,707107 sin θ2. And tan θ2 =
Since sin θ2 / cos θ2, 1 / 0.707107 = t
anθ2, and θ2 = 54.735 °. Therefore,
The inclination angles of the inclined walls 32 and 42 of the cavities 30 and 40 with respect to the horizontal plane and the inclination angles θ of the inclined sliding surfaces of the sliding blocks 10 and 20 with respect to the horizontal planes of 13, 14, 23 and 24 are 54.735 °.
Then, the pressures on the six surfaces of the second-stage anvil group C are all equal. Therefore, the inclination angle θ is most preferably set to 54.735 °. However, the pressurizing force by the movable anvils 1 and 2 is allowed a certain tolerance, so the inclination angle is
If it is 54 ° to 55.5 °, it does not matter, preferably 54.5
It should just be ° -55 °.

Further, the rolling force F of each anvil surface with respect to the pressing force P is P = 2F sin θ + 2F n cos θ 2
When the rolling force Fn on the inclined surface is replaced by the rolling force F applied to the anvil surface, P = 2F sin θ + 2F cos θ 2
/ Sin θ2 = 2F sin θ + Fcot θ2 = 1.14F +
0.707 F = 2.12F. Therefore, 47.17% of the pressing force acts on the anvil surface. By setting the inclination angle as described above, in this embodiment, an ultra-high pressure can be generated with a high pressurization efficiency of about 50%.

Next, the advantages of this embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, since the fixed anvils 3 to 6 are completely incorporated in the upper and lower guide blocks UG and LG, a gap for introducing X-rays can be provided between the upper and lower guide blocks.
In-situ observation under ultra-high pressure becomes possible. Of the first-stage anvil groups 1 to 6, four (3 to 6) are fixed, only two (1, 2) are movable, and only the pair of movable anvils 1 and 2 are adjusted for anvil-to-anvil dimensions and the like. Therefore, adjustment and maintenance are easy, and there is no need for difficult synchronization adjustment. Compared with the conventional DIA type ultra-high pressure generating tool, the pressurizing efficiency is good, and the ultra-high pressure can be generated with an efficiency of about 50% of the pressing ability.

[0022]

According to the present invention, it is possible to perform in-situ observation under ultra-high pressure by introducing X-rays, to easily adjust the synchronization between the anvils, and to obtain a solid ultra-high pressure generating tool with high pressurizing efficiency. Can be

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a solid ultra-high pressure generating tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the ultra-high pressure generating tool of FIG. 1 with an upper guide block removed.

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows IV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a pressurized state by a fixed anvil according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a pressing force of a sliding block according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a pressurized state of a conventional 6-piece spherical shape.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a pressurized state of a conventional DIA type.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a conventional 6-piece spherical ultra-high pressure generating tool.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional DIA type ultra-high pressure generating tool.

FIG. 11 is a bird's-eye view of a conventional DIA type ultra-high pressure generating tool with an upper block removed.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of pressurizing efficiency of a conventional DIA type ultrahigh pressure generating tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

C 2nd stage anvil group LG Lower guide block UG
Upper guide block 1 Movable anvil 2 Movable anvil 3
Fixed anvil 4 Fixed anvil 5 Fixed anvil 6
Fixed anvil 10 Sliding block 1
3, 14 Inclined sliding surface 20 Sliding block 2
3, 24 Inclined sliding surface 30 Cavity 31 Vertical wall 32
Inclined wall 40 Cavity 41 Vertical wall 42
Inclined wall

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A solid ultra-high pressure generating tool for accommodating a plurality of anvils between upper and lower guide blocks and for pressing an object to be compressed by the anvils, two movable members for pressing two surfaces parallel to a pressing direction. An anvil, four anvils for pressing four surfaces inclined with respect to the press pressing direction, and a pressing force applied to the upper and lower guide blocks for converting the pressing force to the two movable anvils. And two sliding blocks having inclined sliding surfaces formed on the back surface. Two of the four anvils are accommodated in the cavity of the upper guide block, and the remaining two lower anvils are moved downward. The two sliding blocks are housed in the cavities of the guide blocks and arranged so as to sandwich the four surfaces of the object to be compressed with the respective pressing surfaces,
The inclined sliding surface is disposed in contact with inclined wall surfaces formed on opposed inner walls of the respective cavities of the upper and lower guide blocks, and the movable anvil is disposed between the two sliding surfaces of the object to be compressed. Solid high pressure generating tool. 2. A gap for irradiating the second-stage anvil group with X-rays in a set state in which an object to be compressed is sandwiched between an upper anvil accommodated in an upper guide block and a lower anvil accommodated in a lower guide block. 2. The solid ultra-high pressure generating tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is formed between the upper and lower guide blocks and between the upper and lower anvils. 3. The inclination angle of the inclined wall surface formed in the cavity of the vertical guide block with respect to a horizontal plane is 54 ° to 55.5.
° solid body ultrahigh pressure generating tool according to claim 1, wherein a. 4. The solid ultra-high pressure generating tool according to claim 1, wherein a second-stage anvil group is interposed between each of the anvils and the object to be compressed.