JP2921356B2 - Reflective liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reflection type liquid crystal display device, and particularly to a reflection type liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle regardless of the position of an external light source.
In addition, the present invention relates to an improvement in a reflection type liquid crystal display device capable of displaying a bright screen without coloring.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display device of this type generally has a structure shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, a polarizing film (not shown) and transparent electrodes a4, b4
And a liquid crystal material c sealed between the electrode plates a and b, respectively, and a main part thereof is formed. The film is turned into linearly polarized light, and a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal material c for each pixel to change its alignment state, and according to the alignment state, the plane of polarization of the linearly polarized light transmitted through the site is rotated to rotate the plane. The screen display is performed by blocking or transmitting the linearly polarized light by the polarizing film on the emission side according to the angle.
In a color liquid crystal display device that displays a color screen, one of the electrode plates a and b is provided with a color filter layer for coloring polarized light.

[0003] As this type of liquid crystal display device,
A light source (lamp) is arranged on the back or side of an electrode plate (hereinafter, referred to as a back electrode plate) a located on the back side of the liquid crystal display device, and a bright backlight of a display screen in which light is incident from the back electrode plate a side. 2. Description of the Related Art A transmission type liquid crystal display device with a built-in lamp of a light guide type or a light guide type is widely used.

However, in this transmissive liquid crystal display device with a built-in lamp, power consumption by the lamp is large and C
It consumes approximately the same power as other types of displays, such as RT and plasma displays, which impairs the inherent low power consumption characteristics of liquid crystal display devices and has the disadvantage that it will be difficult to use it for a long time at a portable location. Was.

On the other hand, external light such as room light or natural light is incident from an electrode plate (referred to as an observer-side electrode plate) b located on the observer side of the apparatus without incorporating such a lamp.
There is also known a reflection type liquid crystal display device in which the light is reflected by a metal reflection film provided on the back electrode plate a and a screen is displayed by the reflected light. In addition, this device has an advantage that power consumption is small because a lamp is not used, so that the device can withstand long-time driving of a portable device.

In such a reflection type liquid crystal display device, as a back electrode plate a, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a base material a1 and a metal reflection film uniformly formed on the base material a1 a2 and a voltage-applying transparent electrode a4 provided on the metal reflection film a2 via color filter layers a3R, a3G, and a3B, or as shown in FIG. A back electrode plate or the like in which a metal reflection film a2 is uniformly provided on the surface of the substrate a1 opposite to the transparent electrode a4 is applied.

However, this type of reflective liquid crystal display device has a drawback that the metal reflective film a2 specularly reflects an incident light beam, so that the viewing angle is limited by the position of the external light source. .

Therefore, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-228887 or the Photofabrication Symposium '92 sponsored by The Printing Society of Japan, a metal thin film having an uneven surface is applied as the metal reflecting film a2.
There has been introduced a liquid crystal display device in which the specular reflection of the liquid crystal is prevented to enlarge the viewing angle of the display screen. That is, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing this liquid crystal display device. The back electrode plate a of this liquid crystal display device includes a base material a1 and a TFT element a6 provided on the base material a1 via an insulating layer a5. , This TFT element a6
The main part is composed of the insulating resin layer a7 having an uneven surface provided thereon, and a metal reflective film a2 made of a pixel-shaped aluminum thin film provided along the uneven surface of the insulating resin layer a7. In this liquid crystal display device, since the metal reflection film a2 has an uneven surface reflecting the surface shape of the insulating resin layer a7, light is irregularly reflected to enlarge the viewing angle of the display screen. Will be possible. In this liquid crystal display device, the TFT element a6 is a semiconductor part a6.
2 and a source electrode a61 and a drain electrode a63 provided on both sides of the semiconductor portion a62, and a through hole formed in the insulating layer a7 by connecting the drain electrode a63 and the metal reflection film a2 to each other. (Contact hole)
And the metal reflection film a2 is used as a drive electrode of a liquid crystal material. In FIG. 7, b indicates an observer-side electrode plate, b1 indicates its base material, and b2 indicates a transparent electrode uniformly provided on the base material b1. In addition, c denotes a liquid crystal substance sealed between the back electrode plate a and the observer-side electrode plate b, and d denotes a sealing material provided on the outer periphery of the liquid crystal display device.

As described above, the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 7 has an advantage that the viewing angle of the display screen can be increased, but the insulating resin layer a7 is formed when the device is manufactured. It is necessary to perform a step and a step of forming irregularities on the surface thereof, and a step of forming a contact hole by dry-etching the insulating resin layer a7 to conduct the drain electrode a63 and the metal-metal reflective film a2. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that the productivity and the yield are extremely low. Further, in this liquid crystal display device, it is necessary to directly provide the metal reflective film a2 on the insulating resin layer a7 having the uneven surface by a method such as vacuum deposition or sputtering. Alternatively, there is a problem that the original reflection performance of the metal reflection film a2 is impaired because the metal reflection film a2 is easily oxidized.

Under such technical background, the present applicant has already proposed a liquid crystal display device in which a light scattering layer is provided on one of the back electrode plate and the observer-side electrode plate (Japanese Patent Application No. H10-163191). Japanese Patent Application No. 5-102124, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-170280, etc.).

According to this liquid crystal display device, display light is generated by the action of a light scattering layer whose main part is composed of a transparent resin and fine particles dispersed in the transparent resin and having a different refractive index from the transparent resin. Since the light is scattered, the viewing angle of the display screen can be expanded regardless of the position of the external light source, and the manufacturing process of the device can be simplified, so that the production efficiency and the yield can be improved. .

[0012]

However, in the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device, fine particles having a different refractive index from the transparent resin are dispersed in the transparent resin. There is a problem that the display light is liable to be colored due to the difference between the two or the birefringence or optical dispersion of the fine particles.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem. An object of the present invention is to maintain a viewing angle regardless of the position of an external light source while maintaining the advantages of a reflection type liquid crystal display device. An object of the present invention is to provide a reflection type liquid crystal display device which enables a wide, bright and colorless screen display.

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rear electrode plate provided with a metal reflective layer, an observer-side electrode plate disposed opposite to the rear electrode plate and provided with a transparent electrode, And a liquid crystal substance sealed between electrode plates such as
Assuming a reflective liquid crystal display device that applies a voltage to each pixel to this liquid crystal material to display a screen, at least one of the back electrode plate or the observer side electrode plate, a transparent resin and the transparent resin dispersed in the transparent resin. And a light scattering layer mainly containing fine particles , and the fine particles have a refractive index smaller than that of the transparent resin, an optical average dispersion of 0.09 or less , and a birefringence of 0.02 or less , CaF ₂ , MgF ₂ , Sr
A fluorine compound selected from F ₂ , LiF, and NaF;
Means PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PFA
(Perfluoroalkoxy resin), FEP (tetraflu
Oroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer),
PVDF (polyfluorovinylidene), ETFE (ethylene
Styrene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), PVF (poly
(Fluorovinyl)
It is characterized by being comprised .

In such a technical means, since a material having a refractive index smaller than that of the transparent resin is used as the fine particles constituting a part of the light scattering layer, the viewing angle of the display screen becomes extremely wide. Therefore, a bright screen can be displayed regardless of the position of the external light source.

When the fine particles have a refractive index higher than that of the transparent resin (for example, Ti having a refractive index of 2.5 to 2.9).
When O ₂ is dispersed as fine particles), the light scattering effect is insufficient and the viewing angle of the display screen is not sufficiently widened. FIG.
Is a graph showing this. That is, in a photosensitive phenol novolak epoxy resin having a refractive index of 1.57 after hardening, CaF ₂ (refractive index: 1.43), PTFE
(Polytetrafluoroethylene, refractive index: 1.35) and TiO ₂ (refractive index: 2.49) are dispersed by 20% by weight, and a coating liquid is obtained by using cellosolve acetate as a solvent. This coating solution is applied and hardened on an aluminum thin film having a thickness of 0.2 μm provided on a glass substrate, and then a viewing angle (angle formed with a normal line) of each applied hardened film is 0 to 0 using a tungsten lamp. The brightness of each coated hardened film was measured within a range of 60 degrees, and the results are shown in FIG. And
FIG. 3 shows that when fine particles of CaF ₂ or PTFE whose refractive index is smaller than that of the phenol novolak epoxy resin are used as fine particles, Ti whose refractive index is larger than that of the resin is used.
Viewing angle of O ₂ in comparison to a case where it is applied as a particulate 10-6
It can be confirmed that the brightness is high and the viewing angle is wide in the range of 0 degrees.

In this technical means, the above-mentioned optical average dispersion means a refractive index n _F for an F line having a wavelength of 0.486 μm and a refractive index n _F for a C line having a wavelength of 0.656 μm.
It refers to the difference between _C (n _F -n _C). In the invention according to claim 1, the optical average dispersion of the fine particles is 0.0
Since it is 9 or less, when a light beam is refracted at the interface between the transparent resin and the fine particles, the refraction direction does not depend on the wavelength of the light beam, and all visible light beams are refracted in substantially the same direction.
For this reason, it is possible to prevent the display screen from being colored based on the optical average dispersion.

Next, when the fine particles have optical anisotropy, the refractive index of the fine particles varies depending on the plane of polarization of the light beam traveling through the fine particles. For example, in a uniaxial anisotropic crystal such as a tetragonal crystal, a hexagonal crystal, and a rhombohedral crystal, the refractive index for a light beam having a polarization plane perpendicular to the axis of the crystal and the axis of the crystal There are two types of refractive indices, the refractive index for light having parallel planes of polarization. Further, in biaxial anisotropic crystals such as orthorhombic crystals, monoclinic crystals, and triclinic crystals, there are three types of refractive indexes that differ depending on the plane of polarization of light rays (of these refractive indexes, The difference between the largest and the smallest is called the birefringence). Light rays incident on these anisotropic crystals are separated into respective polarized lights whose polarization planes are orthogonal to each other in the crystal, and the separated polarized lights are separated at a speed (proportional to the reciprocal of the refractive index) according to each refractive index. As the light travels, the emitted light is colored. On the other hand, when the birefringence of the fine particles is 0.02 or less, the birefringence is extremely small.
Coloring of the display screen due to birefringence can be prevented.

[0019] is fine particles comprising fine particles and an organic polymer composed as the particle having a respective requirements described above inorganic substance
No. And as fine particles made of inorganic substances,
Fine particles having a cubic structure known as equiaxed, applicable particulate or amorphous fine particles have a small tetragonal structure birefringence similar to the equiaxed, specifically, CaF
_{2, MgF 2, SrF 2,} LiF, <br/> fluorine compound selected from NaF can be applied. Fine particles made of organic materials include PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PFA (perfluoroalkoxy resin), and FEP.
(Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer), PVDF (polyfluorovinylidene), E
A fluoropolymer selected from TFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) and PVF (polyfluorovinyl) can be used .

Further, those obtained by subjecting the surface of such a fluorine compound or fluorine-containing polymer to an appropriate surface treatment can be used as the fine particles. Examples of such a surface treatment include, for example, SiO ₂ , ZrO ₂ , Al ₂ O
₃ , a treatment of applying and coating ZnO, a transparent resin, a coupling agent, a surfactant or the like. In addition, a treatment for causing a surface reaction with an alcohol, an amine, an organic acid, or the like can be exemplified.

On the other hand, the particle size of the fine particles is preferably 0.05 to 0.05 which is close to the wavelength of visible light in order to improve the light scattering effect.
1.0 μm is desirable. When fine particles having a birefringence of 0.02 or less having such a particle size are used, coloring of the display screen due to the birefringence does not substantially occur. It is to be noted that, although fine particles having a particle size of less than 0.05 μm or exceeding 1.0 μm may be slightly mixed in the fine particles, the distance is smaller than the distance between the electrode plates in which the liquid crystal is sealed, and does not hinder the normal alignment state of the liquid crystal. Desirably the particle size. The shape of the fine particles may be any shape such as a sphere, a disk, a stone, a polygon, a diamond, a square plate, and the like.

Next, as the resin in which the fine particles are dispersed, a resin having high visible light transmittance and sufficient resistance to heat treatment or chemical treatment during the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device is desirable. , An epoxy resin, a polyester resin, a urethane resin, a silicone resin, a polyimide resin, and the like. In addition, when the light scattering layer is provided in a pattern, an acrylic resin or an epoxy resin having photosensitivity and developability may be required in assembling the liquid crystal display device (for example, when providing wiring for electrical connection). A system resin may be used. It is also possible to use a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curable resin.

The light-scattering layer can be formed by mixing and dispersing fine particles in a transparent resin, applying the mixture on a transparent substrate, and drying. As a coating method, a flexographic printing method, a screen printing method, an offset printing method, a roll coating method, or the like can be applied.

The light scattering layer may be provided on either the observer side electrode plate or the back electrode plate constituting the liquid crystal display device, but it is necessary to provide the light scattering layer in the optical path of the display light constituting the display screen.

Next, in this technical means, the metal reflecting layer provided on the back electrode plate may be silver, aluminum,
Aluminum alloy, magnesium, nickel, titanium,
A thin metal film having a high visible light reflectance such as chromium or a multilayer metal thin film formed by laminating many such thin films can be applied. The metal reflective film can be patterned into a stripe or pixel shape and used as a liquid crystal drive electrode. Further, a transparent thin film may be further laminated on this metal reflection film. As such a transparent thin film, an ITO thin film, an indium oxide thin film, a silicon oxide thin film, an aluminum oxide thin film, a zirconium oxide thin film, a magnesium oxide thin film, etc. which are formed by mixing tin oxide as a dopant in indium oxide can be used. . Further, the metal reflective film is formed on the entire display screen or in a pattern such as a pixel shape,
A transparent electrode for driving a liquid crystal can be provided on the metal reflection film via a transparent insulating layer. Examples of such a transparent electrode include a thin film obtained by adding titanium oxide, lead oxide, antimony oxide, bismuth oxide, hafnium oxide, or yttrium oxide to indium oxide, in addition to the above ITO thin film.
A thin film formed by adding aluminum oxide to zinc oxide, or a multilayer film formed by laminating many of these thin films can be used.

On the other hand, as the transparent electrode provided on the observer-side electrode plate, a thin film obtained by adding titanium oxide, lead oxide, antimony oxide, bismuth oxide, hafnium oxide or yttrium oxide to the above-mentioned ITO thin film or indium oxide; A thin film formed by adding aluminum oxide to zinc oxide, or a multilayer film formed by laminating many of these thin films can be used.

Further, in the reflection type liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the display light is not colored and the display can be performed by white light, the display light is colored in the optical path of the display light. By providing a color filter layer, a color screen can be displayed. As the color filter layer, a well-known color filter layer can be used.For example, a color filter layer formed by printing a printing ink containing a colorant by a printing method, a photosensitive resin is applied, and exposed in a pattern according to a photolithography method. A color filter layer obtained by dyeing a photosensitive resin remaining after development with a dye, a pigment obtained by applying a photosensitive resin in which a colorant is dispersed, and exposing and developing it in a pattern according to a photolithography method. A color filter layer or the like by a dispersion method can be used. In addition, it is also possible to use a color filter layer produced by electrodepositing an electrodeposition resin containing a coloring material for each pixel by an electrodeposition method.

As the substrate of the back electrode plate, a transparent substrate such as a glass plate, a plastic plate or a plastic film, or an opaque substrate colored black or the like can be used.

[0029]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of the back electrode plate and the observer side electrode plate is provided with a light scattering layer mainly composed of a transparent resin and fine particles dispersed in the transparent resin. and has, and its refractive index than the transparent resin is rather small
Select from CaF ₂ , MgF ₂ , SrF ₂ , LiF and NaF
Fluorine compound or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)
Fluoroethylene), PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy tree)
Fat), FEP (tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoro)
Propylene copolymer), PVDF (polyfluorovinyl)
Lidene), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene)
Copolymer) and PVF (polyfluorovinyl)
Since the fine particles made of the fluoropolymer are used, the viewing angle of the display screen can be increased.

Further, the optical average dispersion of the fine particles is 0.1.
Since it is not more than 09 and its birefringence is not more than 0.02, it is possible to prevent the display screen from being colored based on the optical average dispersion and the birefringence.

[0031]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1] In a reflection type liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a back electrode plate 1 and an observer side electrode plate 2 provided opposite to the back electrode plate 1 are provided. When,
A liquid crystal material 3 sealed between the electrode plates 1 and 2 and a polarizing plate and a retardation plate (not shown) constitute a main part thereof. The back electrode plate 1 has a pitch of 300 μm on a transparent substrate 10 and a screen display area on the transparent substrate 10.
0.2 μm-thick aluminum metal reflective film 11 having a width of 290 μm and a total of 480 stripe patterns
And an ITO thin film 1 having a thickness of 0.07 μm provided on the metal reflection film 11 in the same pattern as the metal reflection film 11.
2 constitutes the main part. On the other hand, the observer-side electrode plate 2 includes a transparent substrate 20, a light scattering layer 21 provided uniformly over the entire display area, and a total of 640 stripes having a pitch of 300 μm and a width of 290 μm on the light scattering layer 21. An ITO thin film 22 having a thickness of about 1.0 μm provided in a pattern
(Area resistivity of about 7Ω / □) constitutes the main part. The metal reflection film 11 and the ITO thin film 22 are provided in a stripe pattern in a direction orthogonal to each other,
When a voltage is applied between the metal reflective film 11 as a scanning line and the ITO thin film 22 as a signal line and a voltage is applied between the two, the liquid crystal material at the intersection is driven to display a screen.

The light scattering layer 21 is composed of a photosensitive phenol novolak epoxy resin having a refractive index of 1.57 at the time of hardening, and CaF ₂ (refractive index: 1.43, optical average dispersion:
0.005, birefringence: 0) dispersed at 22% by weight.

The metal reflection film 11 and the ITO thin film 1
2 means that a metal thin film and an ITO thin film are continuously formed on the transparent substrate 20 and the IT thin film is formed according to a photolithography method.
After patterning the O thin film, the metal thin film is etched and formed using the remaining ITO thin film as an etching resist.

When a screen is displayed by applying a voltage between the metal reflective film 11 and the ITO thin film 22, the screen is white without coloring, has a wide viewing angle, and is 60 degrees with respect to the screen normal. The display screen could be recognized well from the angle.

Embodiment 2 The reflection type liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment has a back electrode plate 4 and an observer side electrode plate 5 provided opposite to the back electrode plate 4 as shown in FIG. The liquid crystal material 6 sealed between the electrode plates 4 and 5 and a polarizing plate and a phase difference plate (not shown) constitute a main part thereof. The back electrode plate 4 is composed of a transparent substrate 40 and a 0.15 μm-thick aluminum metal reflector provided in a total of 480 stripe patterns with a pitch of 300 μm and a width of 290 μm in a screen display area on the transparent substrate 40. The film 41 and the metal reflection film 41
The main part of the metal reflective film 41 and the ITO thin film 42 having a thickness of 0.06 μm provided in the same pattern are formed thereon. On the other hand, the observer side electrode plate 5 is
A total of 1921 black stripes 53 provided at a pitch of 100 μm between pixels in the screen display area of the transparent substrate 50, and a total of 1920 stripes provided in pixel portions between these black stripes Three color (red, green, blue) color filter layer 54
R, 54G, and 54B, these black stripe 5 3
And a thickness of about 1 μm uniformly covering the entire surface of the screen display area by covering the color filter layers 54R, 54G, and 54B.
m light scattering layer 51 and a stripe of 100 μm pitch and 90 μm width on the pixel portion of the light scattering layer 51 in total.
920 ITO thin films 52 (area resistivity about 8Ω)
/ □) constitute the main part. The metal reflection film 41 and the ITO thin film 52 are provided in a stripe pattern in a direction orthogonal to each other, and the metal reflection film 41 is used as a scanning line, and the ITO thin film 52 is used as a signal line. The liquid crystal material at the position is driven to display a screen.

The light-scattering layer 51 is composed of a photosensitive phenol novolak epoxy resin having a refractive index of 1.57 at the time of hardening and containing MaF ₂ (refractive index: 1.38, optical average dispersion:
0.006, birefringence: 0.012) dispersed about 18% by weight.

The color filter layers 54R, 54R,
4G and 54B are formed by intaglio offset printing using an epoxy resin as a resin component and an organic pigment as a colorant component.

On the other hand, the metal reflection film 41 and the ITO thin film 4
2 means that a metal thin film and an ITO thin film are continuously formed on the transparent substrate 40, and I
After the TO thin film is patterned, the metal thin film is etched and formed using the remaining ITO thin film as an etching resist.

When a voltage is applied between the metal reflective film 41 and the ITO thin film 52 to display a screen, the screen has a vivid color purity, a wide viewing angle, and a width of 60 ° with respect to the screen normal. The display screen could be recognized satisfactorily even from an angle of degree.

[0041]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the viewing angle of the display screen can be increased, and coloring of the display screen based on optical average dispersion and birefringence can be prevented. This has the effect of enabling a bright screen display without coloring regardless of the color.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between a viewing angle and luminance according to a refractive index of fine particles.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a conventional example.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a back electrode plate according to a conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a back electrode plate according to a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a reflective liquid crystal display device according to a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 back electrode plate 2 observer side electrode plate 3 liquid crystal material 4 back side electrode plate 5 observer side electrode plate 6 liquid crystal material 10 transparent substrate 11 metal reflection film 12 ITO thin film 20 transparent substrate 21 light scattering layer 22 ITO thin film 40 transparent substrate 41 Metal reflective film 42 ITO thin film 50 Transparent substrate 51 Light scattering layer 52 ITO thin film 53 Black stripe 54R Color filter layer 54G Color filter layer 54B Color filter layer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-58-173717 (JP, A) JP-A-3-107820 (JP, A) JP-A-1-301745 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 173701 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Showa 60-191001 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G02F 1/1335 520 G02B 5/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A back electrode plate provided with a metal reflection layer, an observer-side electrode plate disposed opposite to the back electrode plate and provided with a transparent electrode, and sealed between these electrode plates. A reflective liquid crystal display device for displaying a screen by applying a voltage to each pixel for each liquid crystal material, wherein at least one of the back electrode plate or the observer side electrode plate includes a transparent resin and the transparent resin. A light-scattering layer mainly composed of fine particles dispersed in a resin is provided , and the fine particles have a refractive index smaller than that of the transparent resin and an optical average dispersion of 0.04.
9 and the birefringence is 0.02 or less, and Ca
Selected from F ₂ , MgF ₂ , SrF ₂ , LiF and NaF
Fluorine compound or PTFE (polytetrafluoro
Ethylene, PFA (perfluoroalkoxy tree)
Fat), FEP (tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoro)
Propylene copolymer), PVDF (polyfluorovinyl)
Lidene), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene)
Copolymer) and PVF (polyfluorovinyl)
A reflective liquid crystal display device comprising a fluorine-containing polymer .