JP2918432B2 - Vertical excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical excavator for excavating a vertical hole for constructing a foundation pile such as a mountain bridge.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a liner plate has been assembled on a wall surface of an excavated vertical hole as a retaining lining in a vertical hole having a relatively small diameter of about 3 m.

[0003]

However, in the assembling work of the liner plate described above, every time a predetermined distance is excavated, a worker descends into the vertical hole and is divided so that the liner plate is removed.
Since it is necessary to carry in the sheets one by one and assemble them using bolts and nuts, the operation is performed in a narrow vertical hole, and there is a problem in safety.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a vertical excavator capable of solving the above-mentioned problems and eliminating the work of assembling the liner plate in the vertical hole and improving the operational safety.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a vertical hole excavator according to the present invention is provided with an excavator body which is supported in a vertical hole so as to be able to move up and down and has a drilling device at a lower end. A guide tube for discharging the soil can be raised and lowered, and a gripper device for fixing the excavator body to the center of the vertical hole is provided on an upper portion of the guide tube for discharging the earth. is split via respective projecting and retracting mechanism includes a projecting and retracting freely mold plate in the radial direction and the concrete was form form the Da設possible concrete inlet to the outer peripheral portion of mold plates <br/> to Install lining equipment and cast concrete
Occasionally, the vertical hole center of the lining forming surface of the form plate
Distance from the top so that the bottom is larger than the top
It is a thing.

In addition to the above-mentioned basic structure, a portal frame for supporting the excavator body so as to be able to move up and down freely is arranged on a transfer rail laid between the vertical hole excavation positions so as to be able to travel freely. A gantry moving device for moving along a transfer rail is provided.

[0007] In addition to the above basic structure, concrete
When the lining formation surface is facing downward,
It is configured to have a tapered surface that spreads.

[0008]

In the above construction, the earth and sand is excavated by the excavator and the earth and sand is held by the earth discharging member, and the earth discharging member is lifted up through the earth discharging guide tube and carried out to the upper part of the upright hole. And
When the excavation for a predetermined distance is completed, the gripper device is released, the excavator body is lowered, the excavator body is fixed again by the gripper device, the excavation work is continued, and the form plate is protruded to follow the side wall of the vertical hole. They are arranged in a circular shape, concrete is injected from the concrete injection port, and the side walls are cast. After the lining concrete has solidified, the form plate is retracted. As a result, the side wall of the vertical hole can be directly covered with concrete, and the liner plate that was conventionally required is unnecessary, and the work of assembling the liner plate in the vertical hole is eliminated, and the safety of the operation can be improved. . Furthermore, the lining forming surface of the form plate
When installed on a vertical line parallel to the center of the hole, the formwork plate
The upper end of the contact with the existing lower end of the concrete for lining,
Due to the irregularities and errors of the existing lining concrete,
The concrete layer for lining to be cast in
There is. However, in the present invention, the lining of the formwork plate
The distance from the center of the vertical hole on the forming surface is larger at the bottom than at the top
So that the existing lining
The formwork plate will not contact the lower end of the concrete.
No. Therefore, it occurs on the upper existing lining concrete.
To the correct position without being affected by
Concrete for construction can be cast.

When the vertical hole excavator is moved to the next vertical hole excavation position after the completion of the vertical hole excavation, the excavator body is lifted and pulled out from the vertical hole, and then the gate-type gantry is moved by the gantry moving device. All you have to do is move it to the next excavation position along the relocation rail, greatly reducing the travel time compared to dismantling, transporting and reassembling the excavator for each vertical hole as before. Construction time can be shortened.

[0010] In addition, the lining of the formwork plate during casting
Configure the forming surface to be a tapered surface that spreads downward.
Therefore, simple changes in the form of the form plate or the retracting mechanism
In addition, abutment of formwork plate on existing lining concrete
Can be prevented beforehand.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of a vertical excavator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[0012] As shown in FIG.
The drilling equipment 2 is used by using the underground excavating equipment 2 and the ground-side supporting equipment 3.
Upper and lower gripper devices 5A and 5B to be fixed at the center position of the inside
And an excavator 6 provided at the lower part of the excavator main body 4 and a lining device 7 for casting the lining concrete 1 a on the side wall of the upright hole 1.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the support equipment 3 is laid at a site where a pier 41 of a mountain bridge is to be constructed, for example, over a plurality of foundation hole excavation positions for a plurality of foundation piles on a construction ground 42 arranged in the form of a platform. A pair of left and right transfer rails 44, a split-assembly type gate base 11 movably fixed via the transfer wheels 45 on the opening of the upright hole 1, and the gate type base 11 during movement. A gantry moving device 46 that moves along the transfer rail 44, and an elevating device (a chain block or the like) that is arranged on the portal gantry 11 and supports the excavator body 4 via a cable (such as a chain) 12 so as to be able to move up and down. )
13, a crawler crane 14 that supports a discharging glove bucket (a discharging member) 14 b at the tip of a jib 14 a so as to be able to move up and down, a concrete supplying device 15 for lining, and an operation control panel 16 of the entire equipment. Have been. The gantry moving device 46 includes, for example, a moving winch 48 that is disposed at one end of the transfer rail 44 and winds the sample 47 connected to the portal gantry 11. Note that, instead of the moving winch 48, the transfer wheels 45 are
May be provided with a moving motor for rotating the motor through a speed reducer.

The details of the excavation equipment 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the excavator body 4 is disposed in a vertical direction, and the discharge guide tube 21 through which the discharge grab bucket 14 b can pass.
And an upper support 22 and a lower support 23 which are externally fitted and fixed at predetermined intervals at the upper and lower positions of the earth discharging guide cylinder 21. On the outer peripheral portions of the upper support 22 and the lower support 23, a plurality of pressing members 5a (for example, 4
Book holders 5A and 5B.

At the lower end of the discharge guide tube 21, a vertical hole 1 is formed.
A swivel 24 that is rotatable around a vertical axis by a swivel device (not shown) is provided in the excavation guide tube 20 arranged along the inner surface of the excavator 6.
Are provided to collect the crushed and excavated earth and sand below the guide tube 21 for discharging, and the collected sand and sand are collected in the guide tube 21 for discharging. And is lifted and discharged by being gripped by the discharging grab bucket 14b lowered.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lining device 7 comprises a support cylinder 32 supported up and down from an upper support 22 via a plurality of cylinder units 31 for lifting. A mold plate that is arranged so as to be fitted to the outer periphery of the support cylinder 21 and is divided into, for example, six parts in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral portion of the support cylindrical body 32 via a substantially parallel link mechanism (a retracting mechanism) (hereinafter referred to as a parallel link mechanism) 33. 34A and 34B are respectively disposed so as to be able to move back and forth in the radial direction of the vertical hole.

That is, a pair of upper and lower link arms 33a and 33b are attached to the support cylinder 32 so as to be rotatable vertically in two directions at every 60 °. Plate 34A, 34B
Are pin-connected. The link arms 33a and 33b are vertically rotated by the retractable cylinder device 35 connected to the support cylinder 32 and the upper link arm 33a, so that the retracted retracted position (a) and the projected driving position are set. (B) Will be withdrawn. Or these formwork plates 3
4A and 34B are first form plates 3 which are wide in the circumferential direction.
4A and the narrow second form plates 34B are alternately arranged, and the left and right adjacent edges of the first form plate 34A located outside at the retracted position (a) are closer to the inside with respect to the normal line. The left and right adjacent edges of the second form plate 34B formed on the inner side inclined surface 34a inclined toward the center side and located inside at the retracted position (a) are the tapered surface 3a.
4a, it is formed on an obliquely inclined surface 34b corresponding to 4a. Then, after the first form plate 34A is first protruded and moved to the casting position (b), the second form plate 34B
Is projected so that the inclined surface 34b abuts on the inclined surface 34a and presses the first form plate 34A from both sides.
A can be reliably supported, and the injection pressure of concrete can be supported. In the center of the second form plate 34B, concrete pouring ports 36 are formed at three upper and lower positions, respectively, and the press-fitting machine 3 is supplied from the lining concrete supply device 15 of the support equipment 3 via the concrete supply hose 37.
8 is supplied to the concrete for lining,
From the concrete inlet 36 through the formwork plate 34
A and 34B can be sequentially injected. of course,
Form plates 34A, 34 by vibrating device (not shown)
By applying vibration to B, the lining concrete 1a can be filled evenly. Also, form plates 34A, 34
Since B is moved back and forth through the link arms 33a and 33b, the form plates 34A and 34B can be used even in a narrow space around the outer periphery of the guide cylinder 21 for discharging that requires a predetermined cross-sectional area.
Can be easily moved up and down.

When the lining forming surfaces of the form plates 34A and 34B are installed on a vertical plane parallel to the center of the vertical hole 1, the upper ends of the form plates 34A and 34B are connected to the lower ends of the existing lining concrete 1a. When placed correspondingly,
Mold plates 34A, abut the upper end of the 34B is the existing lining concrete 1a, under the influence of irregularities or errors occurring in the existing lining concrete 1a, lining for concrete layer to pouring later at the bottom Has a problem that the diameter gradually becomes smaller. To prevent this, the form plate 34
It is necessary that the upper ends of the A and 34B do not interfere with the lower end of the existing lining concrete 1a. To solve this, (1) the shape of the form plate is changed. (2) It is conceivable to change the exit mechanism.

In the first embodiment, (2) is adopted, and the lower link arm 3 of the parallel link mechanism 33, which is a retracting mechanism, is used.
The length of the upper link arm 33a is slightly longer than that of the upper link arm 33a.
The outer surface (concrete casting surface) of 4B is inclined so that the lower inner diameter D1 of the lining concrete 1a can be larger than the upper inner diameter D2. (Because it is actually a 3D shape,
It is formed so as to be evenly tapered with respect to the center of the vertical hole 1 at the casting position (b). As a result, the upper ends of the form plates 34A and 34B at the placement position (b) do not come into contact with the existing lining concrete 1a, and the lining concrete can be placed at an accurate position. Therefore, unlike the case where the vertical surface is made continuous, there is no influence of the error of the upper existing lining concrete 1a, and the projection is formed on the lower end of the lining concrete 1a carelessly. Without being affected,
It is possible to prevent the inner diameter of the existing lining concrete 1a from becoming smaller toward the bottom. In addition, the link arm 3
The attachment position to the support cylinder 32 may be shifted in the radial direction without changing the lengths of 3a and 33b.

Next, the excavating operation of the vertical hole excavator will be described. The excavator body 4 is suspended from the portal frame 11 by the lifting device 13 through the cable body 12 into the standing hole 1, and the inner surface of the lining concrete 1a is pressed by the upper gripper device 5A to erect the excavator body 4. The excavator is positioned at the center of the hole 1, and the inner surface of the hole 1 excavated by the lower gripper device 5 </ b> B is directly pressed to fix the position of the excavator body on the central axis of the hole 1. The land number is excavated by driving the rock drilling machine 25 and the rock drilling machine 26, and the excavated earth and sand is gathered below the discharging cylinder 21. And the gate-type gantry 11
The excavated earth and gravel bucket 14b of the crawler crane 14 is landed in the upright hole 1 from above through the earth discharging guide tube 21, and the excavated earth and sand is sequentially discharged by grasping and lifting the excavated earth and sand.

Simultaneously with this excavation work, form plates 34A, 34B corresponding to the lower end of the lining concrete 1a.
And the retracting cylinder device 35 is advanced to sequentially move the form plates 34A and 34B from the retracted position (a) to the driving position (b). At this time, since the outer diameters D2 of the upper ends of the form plates 34A, 34B at the casting position (b) are smaller than the inner diameter D1 of the lower end of the existing lining concrete 1a, the form plates 34A, 34B are already installed. There is no contact with the lining concrete 1a. Then, the lining concrete supplied from the lining concrete supply device 15 via the concrete supply hose 37, the press-fitting machine 38, and the injection hose 39 is sequentially transferred from the concrete injection port 36 to the outer peripheral portions of the form plates 34A and 34B. Fill and cast. When the filled lining concrete 1a is solidified, the form plates 34A and 34A are formed.
B is successively retracted to the retracted position (a), and then the elevating cylinder device 31 is advanced to lower the support cylinder 32, and the form plate 3 corresponding to the lower end of the lining concrete 1a.
4A and 34B are arranged, and the above-mentioned placing operation is performed again.

When the digging of the upright hole 1 is completed by the repetition of the digging operation and the placing operation, the excavator body 4 is pulled up from the upright hole 11 through the cable body 12 by the lifting / lowering device 13, and is moved by the moving winch 48. The gate type gantry 11 is moved along the transfer rail 44 and stopped at the next vertical hole excavation position,
Further, the other supporting equipment 4 such as the crawler crane 14 is moved. As a result, the transfer work time, which conventionally required three days, can be completed in one day, and the excavation work of the vertical hole can be efficiently performed.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment in which the shape of the form plate of (1) is changed as a measure for preventing the inner diameter of the above-mentioned lining concrete 1a from becoming smaller toward the lower side. In the example, the form plates 51A, 51B
Is formed on a tapered surface 51a whose outer diameter increases downward. That is, the form plates 51A and 51B are placed at the driving position (b).
Thus, the lower outer diameter (the lower inner diameter of the concrete for lining) D1 is formed on the tapered surface 51a larger than the upper outer diameter (the inner diameter of the upper part for the lining concrete) D2. In the second embodiment, a hydraulic form retracting cylinder device 52, which is a linear motion mechanism (linear motion mechanism), is vertically installed on the outer peripheral surface of the support cylinder 32 in the radial direction, and the form plate 51A, 51B
In the radial direction from the center of the vertical hole 1 in the horizontal plane. Of course, the parallel link mechanism 33 of the first embodiment may be used.

According to the second embodiment, even when the form plates 51A and 51B are arranged so that the upper ends thereof correspond to the inner surfaces of the lower ends of the existing lining concrete 1a at the time of lining,
Since the lower end inner diameter of the existing lining concrete 1a is larger than the upper end outer diameter of the form plates 51A and 51B, the form plates 51A and 51B are
There is no contact with a. Therefore, it is possible to cast an accurate inner lining concrete without being affected by an error formed in the upper existing lining concrete 1a and without being interfered by a projection or the like.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show a third embodiment and a fourth embodiment in which (1) is adopted as a measure for preventing the inner diameter of the lining concrete 1a from decreasing downward.

That is, in the third embodiment, the form plates 51A and 51B of the second embodiment are formed as form plates 61A and 61B having an outer diameter D1 having a vertical outer surface, and a stepped portion formed on the outer periphery of the lower end. The outer diameter D1 large diameter portion 61b is formed via the 61a, and the inner diameter of the lining concrete 1a corresponding to the large diameter portion 61b is increased, and the upper ends of the formwork plates 61A, 61B at the placement position (b). Prevents contact with parts.

The fourth embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the form plate 71 having an outer diameter D1 and an outer surface vertical.
A, 71B, and a small-diameter portion 71b having an outer diameter D2 formed on the outer periphery of the upper end portion via a step 71a, which covers the small-diameter portion 71b of the form plate 71A, 71B at the casting position (b). The contact with the lower end of the concrete 1a is prevented, and the third and fourth embodiments have the same effect as the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 shows the above concrete 1 for lining.
In the fifth embodiment adopting (2) as a measure for preventing the inner diameter of a from becoming smaller as it goes downward, the retracting mechanism in the first embodiment is replaced by two hydraulic mold release / retract cylinder devices 81
A, 81B, and their piston rods are pin-connected to form plates 34A, 34B on the vertical outer surface. The amount of retreat of the lower form retract cylinder device 81B is controlled by the upper form retreat. It is set larger than the cylinder device 81A. Thereby, the same effects as in the above embodiments can be obtained.

[0029]

As described above, according to the vertical hole excavator of the present invention, the concrete in the place is simultaneously advanced by the form plate during the excavation by the excavator, and the concrete for lining is poured. This eliminates the need for the conventional assembling work of the liner plate in the vertical hole, thereby improving the safety of the work. In addition, the form plate
The distance from the center of the vertical hole on the
As it was configured to be large, the existing
When the formwork plate abuts against the lower end of the concrete
And not. Therefore, the existing concrete for upper lining
Accurate position without being affected by errors
The concrete for lining can be cast in the place.

In addition, a portal frame supporting the excavator body is
It is configured to be moved by the gantry moving device along the transfer rail laid between the vertical hole excavation positions, so the equipment can be moved between the vertical hole excavation positions in a short time, and the entire work The time can be significantly reduced.

Furthermore, the lining of the form plate is
To form a tapered surface that spreads downwards
The shape of the form plate or the simple
Change the form plate to the existing lining concrete.
Contact can be prevented beforehand.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a vertical excavator according to the present invention,
It is a side sectional view showing a lining device.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an overall side view of the same hole excavator.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged side sectional view showing the excavation equipment of the same hole excavator.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an excavation site of the same hole excavator.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of a vertical excavator according to the present invention,
It is an expanded side sectional view which shows excavation equipment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side sectional view showing the operation of the same hole excavator.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side sectional view showing the operation of the third embodiment of the vertical hole excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic side sectional view showing the operation of the fourth embodiment of the vertical hole excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic side sectional view showing the operation of the fifth embodiment of the vertical excavator according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Standing hole 1a Concrete for lining 2 Excavation equipment 3 Supporting equipment 4 Excavator main body 5A Upper gripper device 6 Drilling device 7 Lining device 11 Portal frame 12 Cable body 13 Elevating device 14 Crawler crane 14b Unloading grab bucket 15 lining Concrete feeding device 21 Guide for discharging soil 22 Upper support 31 Cylinder device for elevating 32 Supporting cylinder 33 Parallel link mechanism 34A First form plate 34B Second form plate 34a Inclined surface 34b Inclined surface 35 Ejection cylinder Apparatus 36 Concrete injection port 37 Concrete supply hose 38 Press-fitting machine 39 Injection hose 42 Construction ground 43 Vertical hole excavation position 44 Transfer rail 45 Transfer wheel 46 Mounting device 48 Transfer winch 51A, 51B Form plate 52 Cylinder device 61A, 1B mold plates 61a stepped portion 61b large diameter portion 71A, 71B formwork plate 71a stepped portion 71b small-diameter portion 81A, 81B formwork exits retraction cylinder device

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Itonaga 3-28, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Japan Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Hideyo Kitajima 5-28, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. Hitachi Zosen Corporation (56) References JP-A-62-276192 (JP, A) JP-A-1-158195 (JP, A) JP-A-62-1971 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 1/08 E21D 5/01

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An excavator body, which is supported in a vertical hole so as to be able to move up and down and has an excavating device at a lower end, is provided with an earth discharging guide tube capable of elevating and lowering an earth discharging member. A gripper device for fixing the excavator body to the center of the vertical hole is provided at an upper portion, and a mold plate that is divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential direction and is capable of moving back and forth in a radial direction via a moving mechanism at a lower portion of the gripper device. the equipped, and provided with a lining apparatus forms form a Da設possible concrete inlet concrete on the outer peripheral portion of mold plates, the concrete after casting, lining of the formwork plate
The distance from the center of the vertical hole on the forming surface is larger at the bottom than at the top
A vertical excavator, characterized in that: 2. A gantry for supporting an excavator body so as to be able to move up and down freely on a transfer rail laid between standing hole excavation positions, and the gate gantry is moved along the transfer rail. The vertical hole excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a gantry moving device for moving. 3. A form plate for concrete casting
Inward forming surface becomes tapered surface that spreads downward
2. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavator is configured as follows .