JP2915637B2 - Bolt fastening method and device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for fastening a plurality of members by screwing a nut to both ends of a bolt.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Segume using conventional bolts and nuts
9 to 14 will be described with reference to FIGS.
You. In the figure, S₁, S_TwoAre segments and these segments
Mento S ₁, S_TwoIs positioned via the joint surface F
I have. 140a and 140b are segments S₁, S_Two
These are the concave bolt boxes provided in
From the boxes 140a and 140b toward the joint surface F,
The through holes 142a and 142b are drilled. 14
2c accommodates bolt B so that it does not protrude from joint surface F
It is a bolt storage hole to keep.

[0003] The operation of the above fastening device will be described below. First, the socket 111 and the nut holder 13 of the fastening device
Then, a nut N is mounted on 3 (see FIG. 9). Next, the entire fastening device is lowered to insert the socket 111 and the nut holder 133 into the bolt boxes 140a and 140b, and these are aligned with the bolt through holes 142a and 142b. Next, the slide jack 104 is actuated in the contracting direction to move the socket 111 and the nut N into the segment S _1.
And the bolt B is sandwiched by the bolt feed roller 126. Then a bolt feed roller 126 driven to rotate by a bolt feed motor 125, the bolt through-hole 1 of the segment S ₁ bolts B
42a (see FIG. 10).

When the bolt B comes into contact with the nut N of the socket 111, the holder lifting jack 131 is operated in the extending direction to lower the nut holder 133 and the nut N, thereby aligning these with the bolt B (FIG. 11). Next, the holder slide jack 13
4 is operated in the extension direction, the ring plate 135 is rotated, and the nut N of the nut holder 133 is pressed against the bolt B (see FIG. 12). Next, the bolt motor 115 is started to rotate the socket 111, and the nut N is rotated to be screwed into the bolt B.

[0005] When the nut N on the left side in the figure is screwed into the bolt B up to the cut-up portion of the screw, the bolt B is integrated with the nut N on the left side. Thereafter, the bolt B rotates together with the nut N, and the opposite thread portion is screwed into the nut N on the right side in the drawing, that is, the nut N on the nut holder 133 side, and the segments S ₁ and S ₂ are combined with the bolt B and the two nuts N. (See FIG. 13).

When the above fastening is completed, the slide jack 104 is operated in the extension direction and the holder slide jack 134 is operated in the reduction direction, and the socket 111 and the nut holder 133 are released from the nut N to raise the entire fastening device. (See FIG. 14).

[0007]

In the conventional apparatus,
By rotating only one nut of the bolts threaded at both ends to screw in and fasten both nuts, there is a problem described below.

First, for example, in the case where the bolt becomes stuck due to biting of dust between the bolt hole and the bolt and becomes unrotatable, the nut on the opposite side cannot be screwed in and the fastening is not completed.

The time ts required for rotating only one nut and screwing both nuts is as follows: l is the lead, 2 mm is the screwing length (a is one side), and N is the number of rotations. ts = 2a / l × N, which is twice as long as the required time t _D = a / l × N when only one of them is rotated and screwed in, so that the time required for screwing becomes longer and the time efficiency deteriorates in all steps.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 14, the nut runner and the bolt insertion mechanism are one set, and are configured to correspond to only one direction. (It is necessary to move and position the entirety.) When there are a plurality of bolted portions, it is necessary to sequentially tighten one by one, and the time required for the fastening becomes extremely long. (For batch fastening, time proportional to the number of bolts is required.)

Further, even if a configuration in which a plurality of fasteners are fastened in only one direction is employed, it is impossible to simultaneously insert bolts in an orthogonal arrangement or to fasten in the orthogonal direction. It takes twice as long.

The present invention has been made in view of the above situation,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a bolt fastening device in which work efficiency is improved even in a fastening direction orthogonal to a corner portion of a member.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method of fastening members using bolts and nuts according to the present invention includes the steps of: First, a bolt having a nut screwed into a threaded portion at one end (the bolt box side on which the bolt is inserted) is inserted into the through hole of one of the through holes provided in each member. To hold in the insertion position. Next, after positioning each member at a predetermined position and aligning the bolt holes with each other, the bolt is inserted into the bolt hole of the other member against the holding force of the elastic body, and a nut of the bolt is previously inserted. An unthreaded one-end threaded portion is protruded from a bolt hole of a mating member by at least a threadable length of a nut. Next, the nut is screwed in while being pressed against a screw portion of the bolt which is not screwed to the nut in advance, thereby fastening a plurality of members.

Further, at this time, in the case of fastening to an orthogonal mating member such as a corner portion of the member, a bolt feeding mechanism and a nut runner for screwing a nut into one end thread portion of the bolt are respectively arranged orthogonally and orthogonally. In order to feed the bolts so as not to interfere with each other, one direction of the bolt feeding mechanism is a roller rotation type, and the other direction is a slide pushing type. Also, the mechanism for gripping the nut can be used also as the bolt feeding mechanism so that the nut screwed into the other end in advance by the nut runner does not rotate together when the nut and the nut are screwed.

[0015]

According to the present invention, when a plurality of members are to be fastened at orthogonal corners by using the apparatus having the above structure, first, a bolt with a nut screwed into a bolt hole of one of the members is inserted. After holding each member at a position where the bolt holes coincide with each other, the bolt held by the elastic member is inserted into the bolt hole of the mating member, and the nut of the bolt is screwed in advance. A plurality of members are fastened by screwing while pressing a nut against the screw part on the other side.

In the orthogonal corner portions, a roller rotary type bolt feeding mechanism and a slide type bolt feeding mechanism are arranged orthogonally so that the orthogonally arranged bolts do not interfere with each other when the bolt is inserted into the bolt hole of the mating member. Insert

Further, a nut runner for rotationally screwing the nut is also arranged orthogonally, and after inserting the bolt, a plurality of nuts in the orthogonal direction are screwed in at the same time.

[0018]

1 and 2 show a method for fastening members using bolts and nuts according to the present invention, and FIGS. 3 to 8 show a fastening device.

In FIG. 1, the segment to be fastened is 1
a, 1b, 1c, and 1d. In the state shown in the figure, the segments 1b, 1c, and 1d have been mutually fastened, and the segment 1a is in a positional relationship for positioning the segments 1b, 1c, and 1d. These segments 1a, 1b,
Bolt boxes 2a to 9a, 2b, 3b, 4b, 9b, 2c to 9 for fastening to each other are provided at 1c and 1d, respectively.
c, 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d, 8d, 9d are provided, and bolt through-holes (13a, 13b, 1 in FIG. 3 and thereafter) are provided.
3c, 14a) are, for example, bolt boxes 2a, 2b between segments 1a, 1b and bolt boxes 3a, 9c, 4 between segments 3a, 3b and segments 1a, 1c.
a, 2c and fastened to each other by sets of bolts and nuts 10a, 11a, 12a. FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

The corner portion of FIG. 1 (between 1a, 1b and 1c)
FIG. 3 schematically shows a state in which the fastening device 20 of the present invention is positioned. The fastening device 20 is equipped with a slide-type bolt feeding mechanism 21 and a nut runner 22 as a mechanism for fastening the segments 1a and 1b. Further, as a mechanism for fastening the segments 1a and 1c, a roller rotary type bolt feeding mechanism 23 is used.
And a nut runner 24 are provided. Each of the mechanisms is provided with slide guides 26, 27, 28 and a slide rod 29 shown in FIG. 4 so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the bolt and nut sets 11a, 12a with respect to the fastening device base 25. It is supported and driven by slide jacks 30, 31, 32, 33.

In the segments 1a, 1b, 1c, bolt holes 13a, 13 into which bolts 15, 16 are inserted, respectively.
b, 13c and 14a are drilled. Bolt 15,1
The nut 6 is held by an elastic body 18 while a nut 17 is screwed to the head at one end. The number of bolt holes 13a, 13b, 14a, 13c in the present embodiment is three per bolt box 3a, 3b between segments 1a, 1b, and one bolt box (3a, 9c) between segments 1a, 1c. However, the number may be increased or decreased as necessary.

Hereinafter, each mechanism will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. First, among the fastening mechanisms between the segments 1a and 1b, the slide type bolt feeding mechanism 21 has a nut 17 screwed into one end threaded part of a bolt 15 as shown in FIGS. In this example, three wrench-shaped openings 40 into which two hexagonal surfaces are inserted and a surface in contact with the head of the nut 17 are provided in accordance with the number and positions of the bolts 15. When the slide-type bolt feeding mechanism 21 is driven in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 6, the bolt 15 is pushed out together with the nut 17 in the direction of arrow E. The slide operation is realized by driving the slide jack 30 along the slide guide 26 attached to the fastening device base 24.

As shown in FIG. 8 (arrow C in FIG. 4), three sets of nut runners 22 are integrated in this embodiment. It is rotatably supported by the nut runner case 35 at a position coinciding with the center. The socket 34 is integrated with a power transmission sprocket 36, and is connected to an output shaft sprocket 39 of a drive motor 38 via a chain 37. Therefore, by driving the drive motor 38, the socket 3
4 rotates. The socket 34 is provided with an adsorbent (not shown) such as a magnet for holding the nut 17 therein.

The fastening mechanism between the segments 1a and 1c is, as shown in FIG.
And the nut runner 24 are the main components. The roller rotation type bolt feeding mechanism 23 includes a pair of drum-shaped rollers 41 for narrowing the bolt 16, a link mechanism 42 for opening and closing the rollers 41, and a fluid pressure cylinder 43. Reference numeral 44 denotes a roller shaft integrated with the roller 41, which is connected to a drive gear 46 via a universal joint 45 in the upper part of the figure.
The drive gear 46 meshes with the output gear 48 of the drive motor 47, and the roller 41 can open and close and rotate.

On the other hand, in the nut runner 24, a socket 49 integrated with the power transmission sprocket 51 is rotatably supported by the nut runner case 50. The power transmission sprocket 51 is connected to a drive motor 53 via a chain 52.
The drive shaft 53 is connected to the output shaft sprocket 54, and the drive motor 53 drives the socket 49 to rotate. Note that, similarly to the socket 34, the socket 49 is also provided with an adsorbent (not shown) such as a magnet for holding the nut 17 therein. The center of the socket 49 is disposed so as to coincide with the center of the pair of rollers 41 of the roller rotary type bolt feeding mechanism 21.

The fastening device 20 includes segments 1a, 1b,
In order to perform the fastening of 1c and 1d, positioning to a predetermined position (three-dimensional movement) is necessary. This is realized by attaching the fastening device base 25 to the distal end portion 55 of a positioning mechanism (not shown).

A procedure for fastening the segment 1a to the already-segmented segments 1b and 1c using the fastening device 20 will be described below.

First, the bolts 15 and 16 are inserted into the bolt holes 13a and 14a of the segment 1a.
Hold at 8. Note that a nut 17 is screwed into one end thread portion (on the bolt box 3a side) of each of the bolts 15 and 16 in advance. The nut 17 is set in the sockets 34, 49 of the nut runners 22, 24.

Next, the segment 1a is changed to the segment 1
b, 1c for the respective bolt holes 13a and 13b,
13c and 14a are positioned so as to coincide with each other, and the entire fastening device 20 is divided into segments 1a, 1b, and 1c.
Position above At this time, the roller rotation type bolt feeding mechanism 23, the slide type bolt feeding mechanism 21,
The nut runners 22, 24 are driven by slide jacks 30, 31, 32, 33 in a direction away from each other. The pair of rollers 41 of the roller rotation type bolt feeding mechanism 23 is driven by a fluid pressure cylinder 43 in the opening direction.

In this state, the entirety of the fastening device 20 is gradually moved downward in FIG.
One opening 40 is inserted into each of two surfaces of the nut 17 previously screwed to the bolt 15 so as to coincide with the axis of the bolt 15. At this time, since one of the left and right ends of the opening 40 is formed to be longer as shown in FIG. 7, when the slide-type bolt feeding mechanism 21 is lowered from above, one of the two surfaces of the nut 17 is formed. Even if the first contact is made and the directions of the two surfaces are not parallel to the opening 40, the nut 17 is pushed from the direction in which the two touched, and the nut 17 rotates and is inserted into the two surfaces of the nut 17. The roller rotating bolt feeding mechanism 23 lowers the bolt 16 so that the bolt 16 is inserted between the pair of rollers 41.

[0031] Then, the pair of rollers 41 of the roller rotary bolt infeed mechanism 23 drives the fluid pressure cylinder 43 to drive in the closing direction, the roller 41 is rotated by driving the drive motor 4 7 in this state. At the same time, the slide jack 32 is driven to the left in FIG.
8 bolt holes 13 of the opposing segment 1c against the holding force of
Insert into c.

[0032] Once fed the bolt 16 to a position where nut 17 is screwed, stop the feeding by stopping the driving motor 4 7. Next, after the roller 41 is opened by the fluid pressure cylinder 43, the slide jack 32 is
The roller 41 is moved in the middle right direction to position the roller 41 on the two surface portions of the nut 17. Here, the roller 41 is again driven in the closing direction by the fluid pressure cylinder 43 to grip the two surface portions of the nut 17, and the slide jack 32 is driven leftward in FIG. 5 to further insert the bolt 16. After a while, nutrunner 2
4 prevents the other nut 17 set in the socket 49 from being rotated when screwed into the other end of the bolt 16.

By the above operation, the bolts 15, 16 set in the bolt box 3a of the segment 1a are set.
Of these, the bolt 16 for fastening to the segment 1c is sent to the segment 1c side. As a result, there is no longer any member for blocking the slide of the slide type bolt feed mechanism 21, so that the slide jack 30 is driven to drive the entire slide type bolt feed mechanism 21 rightward in FIG. Nut 17 screwed
At the same time, the elastic body 1 is inserted into the bolt hole 13b of the partner segment 1b.
8 against the holding force of 8. By feeding the bolts 15 and 16, the threaded portions at the ends of the bolts 15 and 16 project into the bolt boxes 3b and 9c of the mating segments 1b and 1c.

Here, the nut runners 22 and 24 are driven by the slide jacks 31 and 33 toward the tip ends of the screw portions of the bolts 15 and 16, and the other nut 17 set in the sockets 34 and 49 is moved to the heads of the bolts 15 and 16. To the thread. Then, the drive motors 48 and 53 are activated to rotate the nut 17 together with the sockets 34 and 49,
Screw the bolts 15 and 16 into the threads. Due to this joining, the segments 1a, 1b, and 1c are connected to the bolts 15, 1
6 and nut 17. The fastening torque can be set to a desired value by setting the drive torque of the drive motors 48, 53 of the nut runners 22, 24.

After the fastening is completed, the roller 41 is driven in the opening direction by the fluid pressure cylinder 43 to release the grip of the nut 17, and the slide jacks 30, 31, and 33 are driven to drive the nut runners 22, 24 and the slide bolt. The feeding mechanism 21 is released from the nut 17 (the slide jacks 30, 31, 33 are driven in a direction away from each other). Finally, the positioning mechanism (not shown) is driven to retract the entire fastening device 20 upward.

The fastening of the corners has been described as an example in which the present invention functions most effectively. However, the present invention can be applied to other than the corners by dividing the mutual mechanism (bolt feeding and nut runner).

[0037]

According to the present invention, the fastening time can be reduced to approximately half compared with the conventional device in which the nut is pressed from both sides and the nut is screwed into both the screw portions by only one rotation, and the bolt and the bolt can be realized. In addition to preventing the bolts from rotating between the holes and preventing the bolts from rotating and becoming incomplete, the bolts can be inserted and tightened in a single access in the orthogonal direction, making bolt fastening extremely efficient This has the effect of being able to be performed in a targeted manner.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a fastening method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a fastening method according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a fastening device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a partial detailed view in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a view as seen from the arrow D in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory view showing a conventional fastening device.

FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory view showing a conventional fastening device.

FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory view showing a conventional fastening device.

FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory view showing a conventional fastening device.

FIG. 13 is an operation explanatory view showing a conventional fastening device.

FIG. 14 is an operation explanatory view showing a conventional fastening device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a, 1b, 1c, 1d Segments 2a to 9a 1a Bolt Box 2b, 3b, 4b, 9b 1b Bolt Box 2c to 9c 1c Bolt Box 2d to 5d, 8d, 9d 1d Bolt Box 10a, 11a, 12a Bolt , Set of nuts 13a, 13b, 13c, 14a Bolt hole 15, 16 Bolt 17 Nut 18 Elastic body 20 Fastening device (Overall) 21 Sliding bolt feeding mechanism 22 Nut runner (triple) 23 Roller rotating bolt feeding mechanism 24 Nut runner 25 Fastening device base 26, 27, 28 Slide guide 29 Slide rod 30, 31, 32, 33 Slide jack 34 Socket 35 Nut runner case 36 Sprocket 37 Chain 38 Drive motor 40 Opening 41 One pair of rollers 42 Click mechanism 43 hydraulic cylinder 4 7 driving motor 49 socket 53 drive motor 55 positioning mechanism tip

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 11/40

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of fastening a plurality of members by screwing a nut to threaded portions at both ends of a bolt to fasten a plurality of orthogonal bolts and nuts at corners of the fastened members, is inserted a bolt of the member side to one of the bolt through holes of the members to be fastened to each other, an elastic material so as not come out due to its own weight or vibration even when the member is changed the posture or the like Is interposed between the through hole and the bolt to hold the bolt. Then, after the mutual members are positioned so that the bolt through holes coincide with each other, the first members arranged orthogonally to each other
For the bolt feeding mechanism and the second bolt feeding mechanism
The bolt is inserted into the bolt box so that the nut is in contact with the inner surface of the bolt box and the other end of the bolt projects to the inside of the bolt box so that the nut can be screwed into the nut. The first and second bolt feeders are inserted in the bolt holes orthogonal to each other on the other member with a force exceeding the holding force of the body, and then, while holding the nut screwed to one end of the bolt, Mechanism
The nut runner respectively provided on the opposite side, that go screwed by rotating the nut runner of mating nut which is previously set in the nut runner to the threaded portion of the bolt and the other end protruding to the bolt box member Characteristic bolt fastening method. 2. A device for sequentially fastening a plurality of bolts and nuts orthogonal to each other at a corner portion of a member to be fastened, wherein a plurality of members are fastened by screwing a nut to both end thread portions of the bolt. A first bolt feeding mechanism for inserting a first bolt into a bolt hole of the first member by a rotating roller; a first bolt feeding mechanism disposed orthogonal to the first bolt feeding mechanism and orthogonal to the first bolt; A second bolt feeding mechanism for gripping a nut screwed to one end of the second bolt and inserting the second bolt into a bolt hole of a second member orthogonal to the first member by a sliding operation; interposed therebetween respectively provided in opposition side of the first and second bolt infeed mechanism, bolts, characterized in that e ingredients and nut runner for tightening the nut with a predetermined torque Fastening device.