JP2726767B2 - Method and apparatus for fastening members with bolts and nuts - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for fastening a plurality of members by fastening a fastening nut to both ends of a fastening bolt.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION When the fastening device of the segments according to a conventional bolt and nut (member) will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 18, in S ₁ and S ₂ are one and the other segments, the segments S _1, S ₂ is Positioning is performed via the joint surface F. 140a and 140b are concave bolt boxes provided in the segments S ₁ and S ₂ , and bolt through holes 142a and 142b are formed from the bolt boxes 140a and 140b toward the joint surface F. Also one
Reference numeral 42c is a bolt storage hole for storing the fastening bolt B so as not to protrude from the joint surface F to the other side.

Next, the operation of the segment (member) fastening device shown in FIGS. 13 to 18 will be described. (1) First, the nut N is mounted on the socket 111 and the nut holder 133 (see FIG. 13). (2) Next, the entire fastening device is lowered, the socket 111 and the nut holder 133 are inserted into the bolt boxes 140a and 140b, and these are inserted into the bolt through holes 142a and 142a.
142b. (3) Then, the slide jack 104 is operated in the contracting direction, and the socket 111 and the nut N are moved to the segment S _1.
At the same time, the fastening bolt B is sandwiched by the bolt feed roller 126, and then the bolt feed motor 125 is started to transmit the rotation to the bolt feed roller 126, and the bolt feed roller 126
6 rotates and feeds the fastening bolts B into the bolt through-hole 142a of the segment S ₁ (see FIG. 14). (4) When the fastening bolt B comes into contact with the nut N of the socket 111, the holder lifting jack 131 is actuated in the extending direction to lower the nut holder 133 and the nut N, so that the nut 133 and the fastening bolt B are connected to each other. Perform centering (see FIG. 15). (5) Next, the boulder slide jack 134 is operated in the extending direction, the ring plate 135 is rotated, and the nut N of the nut holder 133 is pressed against the fastening bolt B (see FIG. 16). (6) Then, the bolt fastening motor 115 is started, the rotation thereof is transmitted to the socket 111, the nut N is rotated, and this is screwed into the fastening bolt B. (7) When the nut N on the left side in the figure is screwed into the fastening bolt B up to the cut-out portion of the screw, the fastening bolt B is integrated with the nut N on the left side, rotates together with the nut N, and The screw portion on the opposite side of B is screwed into the nut N on the right side in the drawing, that is, the nut N on the nut holder 133 side, and the segments S ₁ and S ₂ are fastened by the fastening bolt B and the two nuts N. (See FIG. 17). (8) When the above fastening is completed, the slide jack 10
4 in the extension direction, and the holder slide jack 134
Is actuated in the reducing direction to release the socket 111 and the nut holder 133 from the nut N and raise the entire fastening device (see FIG. 18).

[0004]

FIG. 13 to FIG.
In the conventional apparatus for fastening a segment (member) using bolts and nuts, as shown in the above (6) and (7), the nut N on the left side of FIG.
The nut N and the fastening bolt B are integrated with each other, and the fastening bolt B is rotated via the nut N. The screw portion on the opposite side of the fastening bolt B is shown in the figure. The segments S ₁ and S ₂ are screwed to the nut N on the right side, that is, the nut N on the nut holder 133 side, so that the segments S ₁ and S ₂ are fastened by the fastening bolt B and the two nuts N. . (1) For example, the fastening bolt B is
If dust or the like is caught between the nuts 142b and seizure occurs, the nut N on the nut holder 133 cannot be screwed in, and the fastening is not completed. (2) One nut N is screwed into the fastening bolt B to integrate them together, and then the fastening bolt B is screwed into the other nut N to complete the fastening. Assuming that one portion is a) 2a and the number of revolutions is N, the required fastening time t is t _s = 2a / L × N.
The time required for fastening t _D = a / L × N in the case of rotating only one or both at the same time and screwing in is doubled, and the time required for screwing is long even in all processes, resulting in poor fastening work efficiency. There was a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to improve the efficiency of fastening work using bolts and nuts. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for fastening members using bolts and nuts that can prevent incomplete fastening.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, a method of fastening a member using a bolt and a nut according to the present invention is a method of fastening a plurality of fastening nuts to both ends of a fastening bolt. When fastening the members,
A fastening bolt is inserted into a bolt hole provided in one of the members, and is held at the insertion position by an elastic body. Then, each member is positioned at a predetermined position so that the bolt holes are aligned with each other.
Next, the fastening bolt is inserted into the bolt hole of the other member against the elastic body, and both ends of the fastening bolt are projected from the bolt holes of the respective members by at least a screw of a nut. It is characterized in that a plurality of members are fastened by screwing together while pressing the nuts on both ends of the fastening bolts.

The present invention also provides a fastening device for a member using a bolt and a nut, a feed-in mechanism for the fastening bolt, a reverse-prevention type nut runner for screwing the fastening nut to one end thread portion of the fastening bolt, and a reverse-prevention type nut runner. A vertical movement mechanism for raising and lowering the nut runner is provided on one side of the fastening device body, and a nut runner for screwing the fastening nut to the other end of the fastening bolt with a predetermined fastening torque is provided on the other side of the fastening device body. .

[0008]

The present invention is constructed as described above, and a fastening nut is screwed into both ends of a fastening bolt to fasten a plurality of members. A fastening bolt is inserted into the provided bolt hole, and is held at the insertion position by an elastic body. Then, each member is positioned at a predetermined position so that the bolt holes are aligned with each other. The fastening bolt is inserted into the bolt hole of the member against the elastic body so that both ends of the fastening bolt protrude from the bolt hole of each member by at least a screw of a nut, and then the fastening nut is inserted into the fastening bolt. A plurality of members are fastened by being screwed while being pressed against the screw portions at both ends.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an apparatus for fastening members using bolts and nuts according to the present invention will be described with reference to one embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 12. FIGS. 1a and 1b show one and the other members (segments), 2a, 2b is a concave bolt box provided in the members 1a and 1b, 3a and 3b are bolt through holes provided in the members 1a and 1b, and 30 is an elastic body made of rubber or the like. It is interposed between 3b and the fastening bolt 4 to hold the fastening bolt 4 so that the position of the fastening bolt 4 is not shifted by a change in posture or vibration. A plurality of the bolt through holes 3a and 3b may be formed as needed.

The slide base 6 of the six fastening device shown in FIG.
The slide base 6 is attached to the tip 5 of a positioning mechanism (not shown). The slide base 6 supports a right nut runner 7 and a left fastening bolt feeding mechanism 8 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction in FIG. In order to perform this slide, a fluid pressure cylinder 9 is interposed between the slide base 6 and the right nut runner 7, and the fluid pressure cylinder 10 is disposed between the slide base 6 and the left-side fastening bolt feeding mechanism 8. Is interposed.

The right nut runner 7 has a
And a socket 13 for mounting a nut 11 and a washer 12 (or another member similar to a washer) as shown in FIG.
A drive motor 14 for rotating the socket 13 and a power transmission mechanism 15 are built in. On the other hand, the following mechanism is mounted on the left fastening bolt feeding mechanism 8 and is slidable together with the same feeding mechanism 8. That is, reference numeral 16 in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 denotes a pair of bolt feeding rollers formed in a drum shape which sandwich the fastening bolt 4.
It has a link mechanism section 17 for moving each bolt feed roller 16 and a hydraulic cylinder 18. Also 22
Are drive motors, 21 and 21 are gears rotated by the drive motor 22, 19 and 19 are drive shafts of the gear bolt feed rollers 16, and the drive shaft 19 and the gears 21 form the universal joint 20. Are connected via

Reference numeral 23 in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 denotes a reverse rotation prevention type nut runner of the feeding mechanism 8, and the reverse rotation prevention type nut runner 23 is supported so as to be vertically slidable with respect to the feeding mechanism 8. This vertical movement is performed by the fluid pressure cylinder 24. The nut 11 has a nut 11 and a washer 1 at its tip.
2 (which may be another member similar to a washer), a drive motor 26 for rotating the socket 25, and a power transmission mechanism 27 are built-in.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show the details of the above-mentioned reverse rotation prevention type nut runner 23. FIG. The socket 25 is provided with bearings 29a, 29b in the case 28 of the reverse rotation prevention type nut runner 23.
It is rotatably mounted via. The sprocket 31 and the ratchet teeth 33 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the socket 25, and the sprocket 31 and the chain 27 mesh with each other. A claw 34 is supported in the case 36 so as to be able to move up and down so as to face the ratchet teeth 33. A spring 35 urges the claws 34 in the direction of the ratchet teeth 33. 36) constitute a ratchet type reverse rotation prevention mechanism 32. When the socket 25 is rotated clockwise (rightward screw tightening direction = direction of arrow a in FIG. 6), it can be driven to rotate by the power transmission mechanism 27. However, when the socket 25 is rotated counterclockwise (direction of arrow b in FIG. 6). Is
The ratchet teeth 33 become stoppers and cannot rotate.

In this embodiment, the socket 25 is provided with a magnet 37 for sucking and holding the nut 11 and a magnet 38 for sucking and holding the washer 12. The shaft of the socket 13 of the nut runner 7 is
6 is completely aligned with the axis. The shaft of the socket 25 of the anti-reverse nut runner 23 is
When actuated in the extension direction, it is made to completely coincide with the axis of the bolt feed roller 16.

Next, the operation of the member fastening device using the bolts and nuts shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 will be specifically described. (1) Connecting the fastening bolt 4 to one and the other members 1a, 1b
Of the other member 1b, the elastic member 30 is interposed between the fastening bolt 4 and the bolt through hole 3b to hold the fastening bolt 4 at the insertion position. deep. Nuts 11 and washers 12 are also sockets 13
And the socket 25. Further, the fluid pressure cylinders 9 and 10 are operated in the extending direction to separate the right nut runner 7 and the left fastening bolt feeding mechanism 8 from each other. Further, the fluid pressure cylinder 18 is operated in the extending direction, the fluid pressure cylinder 24 is operated in the contracting direction, each bolt feed roller 16 is opened, and the anti-reverse nut runner 23 is retracted upward. (See FIG. 7). (2) From this state, the entire fastening device is lowered by a positioning mechanism (not shown), and the right socket 1
3 and the left bolt feed roller 16 are connected to the members 1a, 1b.
The sockets 13 and the bolt feed rollers 16 are aligned with the axis of the bolt through holes 3a and 3b (see FIG. 8). (3) Then, the fluid pressure cylinder 18 is operated in the contracting direction, the fastening bolt 4 is sandwiched by the bolt feed roller 16, the drive motor 22 is started, and the rotation is performed by the gear 2.
1, 21 → Universal joints 20, 20 → Drive shafts 19, 19 → Transfer to the bolt feed rollers 16, 16 and rotate the respective bolt feed rollers 16, so that the fastening bolts 4 are bolted to one member 1a. The elastic body 30 is fed into the through hole 3a against the elastic force of the elastic body 30. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is operated in the contracting direction to move the left-side fastening bolt feeding mechanism 8 to the right, so that both ends of the fastening bolt 4 are at least nuts from the bolt through holes 1a and 1b. Protrude by the screw (see FIG. 9). (4) When the above feeding is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 1
8 is actuated in the extending direction to release the pinching of the bolt 4 by the bolt feeding roller 16, and then the hydraulic cylinder 10 is actuated in the contracting direction to feed the left fastening bolt including the bolt feeding roller 16. The mechanism 8 is retracted to the left, and then the hydraulic cylinder 24 is operated in the extension direction,
By lowering the reverse rotation preventing nut runner 23, the axis of the bolt through hole 3b and the axis of the socket 25 are aligned (see FIG. 10). (5) Next, the hydraulic cylinders 9 and 10 are both operated in the contracting direction, and the nut 11 mounted on the socket 13 is operated.
The washer 12 and the nut 11 and the washer 12 mounted on the socket 25 are brought into contact with both ends of the fastening bolt 4. At the same time, the drive motor 14 and the drive motor 26 are started, and these drive motors 14 and
26, the sockets 13 and 25 are rotated, and the nuts 11 and 11 are screwed into the threaded portions at both ends of the fastening bolt 4.
At this time, the final fastening torque is determined by the set torque on the nut runner 7 side.
It is held by the ratchet type reverse rotation prevention mechanism 32 (FIG. 1).
1). (6) Next, the fluid pressure cylinders 9 and 10 are operated in the extending direction, and the nut runner 7 and the reverse rotation preventing nut runner 23 are operated.
Are separated in opposite horizontal directions, and then the entire fastening device is raised by a positioning mechanism (not shown) so that the nut runner 7 and the reverse rotation preventing nut runner 23 are separated from the members 1a, 1
b from the bolt boxes 2a and 2b (FIG. 12).
reference).

[0016]

As described above, according to the present invention, when fastening nuts are screwed into the threaded portions at both ends of the fastening bolt, and a plurality of members are fastened, the bolt provided on one of the members is used. Insert the fastening bolt into the hole, hold it in the insertion position by the elastic body, then position each member at a predetermined position, align the bolt holes of each other, and then replace the fastening bolt with the bolt of the other member. Inserting the fastening bolt into the hole against the elastic body so that both ends of the fastening bolt protrude from the bolt hole of each member by at least the amount of the screw of the nut, and then tighten the fastening nut at both ends of the fastening bolt. It is screwed while pressing against to fasten multiple members,
Since the nuts on both sides are rotated, the fastening time of the bolt and the nut can be reduced to approximately half of the conventional case, and the fastening operation can be made more efficient.

Further, an elastic body is interposed between the bolt hole and the fastening bolt to maintain the insertion position of the bolt. It is possible to prevent incomplete fastening without biting or the like and causing seizure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a configuration example of a fastening device used for carrying out a method for fastening members by bolts and nuts according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view taken along line CC of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing details of a reverse rotation prevention type nut runner.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the reverse rotation prevention type nut runner.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a first step of the fastening device.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a second step of the fastening device.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a third step of the fastening device.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a fourth step of the fastening device.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a fifth step of the fastening device.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a sixth step of the fastening device.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing a first step of the conventional fastening device.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing a second step of the fastening device.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing a third step of the fastening device.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing a fourth step of the fastening device.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing a fifth step of the fastening device.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing a sixth step of the fastening device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1a The other member 1b One member 3a Bolt hole 3b Bolt hole 4 Fastening bolt 7 Nut runner 8 Fastening bolt 4 feeding mechanism 11 Fastening nut 23 Reverse rotation prevention type nut runner 24 Vertical movement mechanism of reverse rotation prevention type nut runner 23 30 Elastic body

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-157398 (JP, A) JP-A-2-30442 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] When fastening a plurality of members by screwing a fastening nut to both end thread portions of the fastening bolt and fastening a plurality of members, the fastening bolt is inserted into a bolt hole provided in one of the members. Then, it is held at the insertion position by the elastic body, and then the respective members are positioned at predetermined positions so that the bolt holes of the members are aligned with each other, and then the fastening bolts are inserted into the bolt holes of the other member against the elastic body. Then, both ends of the fastening bolt are protruded from the bolt holes of the above members by at least the amount of screwing of the nut, and then the fastening nut is screwed while being pressed against the threaded portion of both ends of the fastening bolt. And fastening a plurality of members using bolts and nuts. 2. A fastening device main body comprising: a fastening bolt feeding mechanism; a reverse rotation preventing nut runner for screwing a fastening nut to one end thread portion of the fastening bolt; and a vertical movement mechanism for lifting and lowering the reverse rotation preventing nut runner. And a nut runner for screwing the fastening nut to the other end of the fastening bolt with a predetermined fastening torque is provided on the remaining one side of the fastening device body. .