JP2913784B2 - Power supply for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply device for a vehicle that drives a load including a starter by full-wave rectifying a generated voltage of a three-phase AC generator.

[Prior Art] In a conventional vehicle power supply device, generally, a single battery is charged by rectifying a generated voltage of a single three-phase AC generator by a three-phase full-wave rectifier, and a starter or the like is started by the battery. The load system and another non-start load system are driven in parallel.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-102825 discloses that two batteries connected in series are connected to both ends of a three-phase full-wave rectifier, and a connection node between the two batteries and a neutral point of the three-phase full-wave rectifier are further disclosed. Are connected by a three-phase silicon-controlled rectifier bridge.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In recent years, the electric load of automobiles has been increasing more and more due to the installation of automobile telephones and the like, and the type having a pair of three-phase AC generators and a battery (hereinafter referred to as a single battery type). In the power generation device of the above, the battery is consumed by the large power consumption while the engine is stopped, which may adversely affect the start of the engine.

Of course, if an engine starting vehicle power supply having a pair of three-phase AC generators and a battery and a non-starting load vehicle power supply having another pair of three-phase AC generators and a battery are provided. Although such a problem can be solved, there is a disadvantage that the power supply device for a vehicle becomes complicated and large.

In addition, when one of the above-described two-voltage output type vehicle power supply devices is connected to the starting load system, all loads having the same voltage as the starting load system need to be connected to the starting load system side. We cannot expect much reduction of burden. In addition, the three-phase AC generator of the vehicle power supply has to be designed to have a high voltage to charge two batteries connected in series.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a two-battery type vehicle power supply device capable of improving engine starting performance with a simple configuration.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the invention described in claim 1, a three-phase AC generator for a vehicle, a first output unit and a third output unit for respectively performing three-phase full-wave rectification of the generated voltage of the three-phase AC generator. A multi-output rectifier having two outputs, a non-start load battery fed from the first output and connected in parallel to a non-start load system, and a starting load fed from the second output; The exciting current of the generator is controlled according to the terminal voltage value of the starting load battery connected in parallel with the system and the non-starting load battery to adjust the voltage of the non-starting load battery to a predetermined value. Generating voltage control means, and voltage control means for controlling power supply from the second output unit of the rectifying means in accordance with the terminal voltage of the starting load battery to adjust the terminal voltage of the starting load battery to a predetermined value. The starting load battery and The non-starting load battery is characterized in that the anode side is separated and the negative side has a common potential.

In the invention described in claim 2, the second output section includes a semiconductor switch with a control terminal, and the voltage control means controls the power supply to the starting battery when a terminal voltage of the starting battery falls below a predetermined value. And outputting a control signal to the semiconductor switch with a control terminal.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the first output unit has a high-side diode bridge common to a cathode, and the second output unit is configured by a silicon controlled rectifier as the semiconductor switch with the control terminal. It features a common silicon controlled rectifier bridge.

In the present specification, one end of each of the anode and each of the cathodes is commonly connected to become a high-side or low-side output terminal, and the other of the above-mentioned anodes or each of the cathodes is individually connected to each of the three-phase AC generators. It consists of three rectifiers individually connected to the output terminal.

On the other hand, a semiconductor switch with a control terminal has one end commonly connected to become an output terminal, and the other has three control terminal-equipped semiconductor switch elements (for example, a silicon controlled rectifier) individually connected to each output terminal of a three-phase AC generator. ).

[Operation] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the first output unit of the rectifying unit includes:
Power is supplied to the non-starting load and the battery for the non-starting load, and the second output of the rectifier supplies power to the starting load and the battery for the starting load.

The generated voltage control means controls the exciting current of the three-phase AC generator according to the terminal voltage value of the non-start load battery to make the terminal voltage of the non-start load battery constant, and the voltage control means controls the start load battery. The power supply from the second output unit is controlled in accordance with the terminal voltage to stabilize the terminal voltage of the starting load battery.

According to the invention of claim 2, the second output section of the rectifier includes the semiconductor switch with the control terminal, and supplies power to the starting load and the battery for the starting load.

The voltage control means supplies a control signal for supplying power to the starting battery to the semiconductor switch with a control terminal when the terminal voltage of the starting load battery becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined value, and stabilizes the terminal voltage of the starting load battery.

According to the invention of claim 3, power is supplied to the non-starting load and the non-starting load battery from the common high-side diode bridge provided in the first output portion of the rectifying means,
Power is supplied to the starting load and the battery for the starting load from a silicon controlled rectifier as a semiconductor switch with a control terminal constituting a silicon controlled rectifier bridge common to the cathode provided in the second output part of the rectifying means.

Therefore, the control signal supplied from the voltage control means is supplied to the silicon control rectifier, and the power supply to the starting battery is interrupted and rectified, so that the terminal voltage of the starting load battery is stabilized.

[Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 1, a vehicle power supply device of this embodiment is a three-phase AC generator 1 driven by a vehicle engine.
, Higher diode bridge 2, lower diode bridge 3, silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) bridge 4
A voltage regulator (power generation voltage control means) 6, a gate trigger circuit (silicon controlled rectifier switching means) 11, a battery (battery for non-starting load) 7, and a battery (battery for starting load) 9. ing. The high-side diode bridge 2, the low-side diode bridge 3, and the SCR bridge 4 constitute a rectifier in the present invention, and are built in the three-phase AC generator (alternator) 1 to reduce wiring loss. .

Each output terminal of the stator coil 1b of the three-phase AC generator 1
Higher side diode bridge 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as bridge 2) and SCR bridge 4 (hereinafter simply referred to as bridge 4)
, And each cathode of the lower diode bridge 3 (hereinafter simply referred to as bridge 3). The common cathode of the bridge 2 is connected to the feed line LH1, the common cathode of the bridge 4 is connected to the feed line LH2, and the common anode of the bridge 3 is connected to the ground line LL. A load irrelevant to engine starting, for example, a non-starting load 8 such as a headlamp, and a battery 7 are connected in parallel between the power supply line LH1 and the ground line LL.
A load, such as a starter and an ignition device, related to engine start, that is, a start load 10 and a battery 9 are connected in parallel between LH2 and the ground line LL.

An excitation winding 5 and a voltage regulator 6 of the three-phase AC generator 1 are connected in series between the power supply line LH2 and the ground line LL, and protection diodes 12 are provided at both ends of the excitation winding 5. They are connected in parallel.

Since the configuration and operation of the voltage regulator 6 are widely known, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The voltage regulator 6 has, in its basic configuration, a comparator 6b that compares the terminal potential of the battery 7 with a fixed reference potential and outputs a high voltage when the terminal potential <the reference potential, and the voltage regulator 6 is opened and closed by the comparator 6b. Then, a common emitter transistor 6a that interrupts the current flowing through the exciting winding 5 can be used. The voltage regulator 6 performs feedback control of the current flowing through the exciting winding 5 using the terminal potential of the battery 7 as a control parameter, thereby making the terminal potential of the battery 7 constant.

Next, the gate trigger circuit 11 will be described with reference to FIG.

The gate trigger circuit 11 compares the terminal potential V9 of the battery 9 with a fixed reference potential Vref, and when V9 <Vref, the output voltage Vc becomes a predetermined high level value, and when V9 ≧ Vref, the output voltage Vc A comparator 20 is a predetermined low level value,
A booster circuit 21 that boosts the output voltage Vc of the comparator 20 and applies the boosted voltage to the gate of the SCR bridge 4 as a gate trigger voltage Vg. The booster circuit 21 is formed of, for example, a DC-DC converter, and outputs a voltage higher than the high level value of the input output voltage Vc by a predetermined voltage as the gate trigger voltage Vg. Note that, for electrical isolation between the gates of the SCR bridge 4 and current limitation, resistors 22 to 24 and diodes 25 to 27 connected in series are provided between each gate and the booster circuit 21, respectively. I have. Therefore, this gate trigger circuit 11 turns on each SCR by setting the gate trigger voltage Vg to a high level when the terminal potential V9 of the battery 9 satisfies V9 <Vref, and turns on the gate trigger voltage when V9 ≧ Vref.
Each SCR is turned off by setting Vg to a low level, and after all, the SCR bridge 4 is feedback-controlled using the terminal potential of the battery 9 as a control parameter to make the terminal potential of the battery 9 constant. Each of the above reference voltages is supplied by a constant voltage circuit (rated output 12 V) not shown.

 The operation of the vehicle power supply device will be described below.

When an engine (not shown) is started, the three-phase AC generator 1 starts generating electricity, and the bridge 2 connects the non-starting load 8 to the power supply line LH1.
And a three-phase full-wave rectified voltage is applied to the battery 7.

Even if the terminal potential of the battery 7 fluctuates due to the intermittent operation of the non-starting load 8 or the discharge of the battery 7, the terminal potential of the battery 7 is stabilized by the feedback control of the voltage regulator 6 described above.

On the other hand, when the terminal potential of the battery 9 fluctuates due to the intermittent operation of the starting load 10 or the discharge of the battery 9, the terminal potential of the battery 9 is stabilized by the feedback control of the gating trigger circuit 11 described above.

[Effect of the Invention] The power supply device for a vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention provides a first output unit for supplying power to a non-starting load system and a non-starting load battery, and a second output unit for supplying power to a starting load system and a starting load battery. A plurality of output type rectifiers, a power generation voltage controller for stabilizing the terminal potential of the non-starting load battery, and a voltage controller for stabilizing the terminal potential of the starting load battery. The effect can be achieved.

Two single batteries for starting and non-starting can be supplied in parallel by a single normal-voltage three-phase alternator.

In addition, the starting battery can eliminate the influence of the potential fluctuation at the output terminal of the three-phase AC generator due to the intermittent operation of the non-starting load system, and as a result, the starting battery is overcharged or overcharged due to the potential fluctuation. It is possible to always start the engine stably without discharging, and the durability of the starting battery is remarkably improved.

For example, when a large non-starting load is turned on or the charge amount of the non-starting battery decreases, the three-phase AC generator generates a large current by the feedback control, and the non-starting battery is output from the output terminal of the three-phase AC generator. The output terminal voltage of the three-phase AC generator rises due to a voltage drop of the wiring resistance to the battery or the like. In the present invention, the terminal voltage of the starting battery is controlled based on the terminal potential of the starting battery. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the influence of the potential fluctuation of the output terminal of the three-phase AC generator from affecting the starting battery.

Furthermore, in the first aspect of the present invention, since each output section of the multiple output rectifier of the present invention separately supplies power to the starting load battery and the non-starting load battery, a plurality of outputs are provided as in the prior art. As compared with the case where one output of the mold rectifier supplies power to the series connection of the starting load battery and the non-starting load battery, and the other output supplies power only to the starting load battery, the state of charge of each other is smaller. A series connection of two different batteries discharges to the non-starting load battery,
It is possible to avoid a problem that occurs when one output unit charges a series-connected body of both batteries having different charge states.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the second output section of the multiple output type rectifier includes a semiconductor switch with a control terminal, and supplies power to the starting load battery when the terminal voltage of the starting load battery falls below a predetermined value. By applying the control signal to the semiconductor switch with a control terminal, the terminal voltage of the starting load battery can be made constant.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the second output section of the rectifying means of a multiple output type includes a silicon controlled rectifier as a semiconductor switch with a control terminal constituting a silicon controlled rectifier bridge common to a cathode, and a terminal voltage of a battery for a starting load. By supplying a control signal for supplying power to the starting load battery to the silicon control rectifier when is smaller than a predetermined value,
The terminal voltage of the starting load battery can be made constant.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of a vehicle power supply device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of a gate trigger circuit 11. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Three-phase alternating current generator 2 ... Higher side diode bridge 3 ... Lower side diode bridge 4 ... Silicon controlled rectifier bridge 6 ... Voltage regulator (generation voltage control means) 7 ... Battery (for non-starting load) Battery 9) Battery (starting load battery) 11 Gate trigger circuit (silicon controlled rectifier switching means)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) H02J 7/16

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A three-phase AC generator for a vehicle, and a multiple-output rectifier having a first output part and a second output part for respectively performing three-phase full-wave rectification of a generated voltage of the three-phase AC generator. A non-starting load battery fed from the first output unit and connected in parallel to the non-starting load system; and a starting load battery fed from the second output unit and connected in parallel to the starting load system. Generating voltage control means for controlling an exciting current of the generator in accordance with a terminal voltage value of the non-starting load battery to adjust the voltage of the non-starting load battery to a predetermined value; and Voltage control means for controlling the power supply from the second output section of the rectifying means in accordance with the terminal voltage to adjust the terminal voltage of the load battery for starting to a predetermined value, comprising: Load battery is anode A power supply device for a vehicle, wherein the power supply device is separated from the power supply side and the negative side is set to a common potential. 2. The power supply system according to claim 2, wherein said second output section includes a semiconductor switch with a control terminal, and said voltage control means controls power supply to said starting battery when a terminal voltage of said starting battery falls below a predetermined value. The power supply device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a control signal is output to the semiconductor switch with a control terminal. 3. The control circuit according to claim 1, wherein said first output section has a high-side diode bridge common to a cathode, and said second output section has a silicon control rectifier as a semiconductor switch with said control terminal. The power supply device for a vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising a rectifier bridge.