JP2912216B2 - Exhaust gas treatment equipment and exhaust gas treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for treating exhaust gas in which a pollutant in the form of fine powder solids and a gaseous air pollutant are mixed, and an exhaust gas treatment facility provided with this apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, exhaust gas contains not only air pollutants such as NOx but also substances present in a solid state such as dust.

[0003] As a device for removing fine powdery solids in exhaust gas, a cyclone which conventionally employs a centrifugal force system,
Bag filters and the like employing a filtration method are known.
All of these separate and collect only the finely divided solids in the exhaust gas, and cannot remove even gaseous air pollutants, and most of them are released into the atmosphere.

Therefore, in order to remove the air pollutants in the gaseous state, a chemical facility using an aqueous solution that absorbs the air pollutants is separately required. This chemical facility
In addition to a reaction tank in which a gaseous air pollutant reacts with an aqueous solution, a device for circulating the aqueous solution in the facility, a device for newly supplying the aqueous solution, a device for treating the aqueous solution, and the like are provided.

Therefore, in order to treat exhaust gas in which a pollutant present in a solid state and an air pollutant present in a gaseous state coexist, an apparatus combining a dust collector such as a cyclone and a chemical facility has conventionally been used. Is commonly used.

However, in such an exhaust gas treatment apparatus, the chemical equipment becomes extremely large, and it is necessary to consider the corrosiveness to the aqueous solution. Therefore, the production cost of the apparatus is increased, and the supply and treatment of the aqueous solution are performed. Must be performed, which increases running costs. For this reason, in industries where a large amount of exhaust gas is generated during the manufacturing process of products, such as the chemical industry and the steelmaking industry, it is highly desirable to be able to remove gaseous air pollutants without using chemical equipment. ing.

[0007] To meet such a demand, International Publication WO 92/0229 filed by the applicant of the present application himself has filed a request.
There is an exhaust gas treatment apparatus described in Japanese Patent Publication No. This exhaust gas treatment device has a conical inner cylinder whose diameter is reduced downward, an ejection nozzle for ejecting compressed gas along an upper inner peripheral surface of the conical inner cylinder, and at least a conical inner cylinder. An outer cylinder covering the upper part, and the outer cylinder includes:
A gas suction port for sucking exhaust gas is formed, and a gap is formed between the upper part of the conical inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to guide the exhaust gas flowing into the outer cylinder into the conical inner cylinder. A discharge port is formed at the lower part of the inner cylinder.

The mechanism for treating exhaust gas in which the pollutant present in the solid state and the air pollutant present in the gaseous state are mixed by the exhaust gas processing apparatus is as follows. In the conical inner cylinder, the pressure increases due to the inflow of the compressed gas, and the temperature decreases due to adiabatic expansion of the compressed gas. For this reason, the gaseous pollutants in the exhaust gas that has flowed into the conical inner cylinder change to liquid due to an increase in pressure and a decrease in temperature. The liquid air pollutant collides with the fine powder solid pollutant in the vortex in the conical inner cylinder and is adsorbed on the pollutant. This finely divided solid is removed by the action of centrifugal force. That is, the gaseous pollutant is removed from the exhaust gas together with the finely divided solid in a form adsorbed by the finely divided solid, and is discharged from the outlet.

[0009]

The above-mentioned international publication WO 9
The exhaust gas treatment device described in 2/02292,
With relatively simple equipment, it is possible to efficiently process exhaust gas in which pollutants existing in the solid state and air pollutants existing in the gas state are mixed, and the production cost and running cost do not increase. It can be said that it is.

[0010] However, in recent years when the pollution problem is in trouble, it is always desired to treat the exhaust gas more efficiently. Therefore, in order to meet such a demand, the present invention can efficiently treat exhaust gas in which a pollutant existing in a solid state and an air pollutant existing in a gas state are mixed with a relatively simple device. It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas processing device capable of performing the method and an exhaust gas processing facility including the same.

[0011]

An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for achieving the above object has a hollow conical cylinder (11) whose diameter is reduced downward and a central axis of the conical cylinder (11). A swirling flow forming means (13, 16) for swirling the exhaust gas around (C) and sending the exhaust gas to an upper portion inside the conical cylinder (11); and an upper inner peripheral surface of the conical cylinder (11). And an ejection nozzle (19) for ejecting a compressed gas in the same direction as the swirling direction of the exhaust gas sent into the upper part of the conical cylinder (11) along the bottom of the conical cylinder (11). , An outlet (12) is formed, and the swirl flow forming means is formed.
The step is located at the upper end of the conical tube (11),
Lowers gradually as it approaches the center axis (C) of the cylinder (11)
It is shaped like a dish that protrudes from
Plural penetrating the lower surface in the direction of turning
Exhaust gas swirling dish-shaped plate formed with through holes (14)
(13) .

Here, the exhaust gas treatment device is provided with the circular shape.
Covers the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder, between the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder
A cooling jacket in which the refrigerant is supplied, the cooling jacket
A refrigerant supply means for supplying the refrigerant into the preparative, the refrigerant di
A coolant discharge means for discharging the coolant from the jacket, the
Preferably, it is provided.

Further , another exhaust gas for achieving the above object is provided.
The diameter of the gas treatment device is reduced as it goes downward.
A hollow conical cylinder, with the central axis of the conical cylinder as the center
And swirling the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas
A swirling flow forming means for feeding the upper part inside the cylinder, and the conical cylinder
Is fed along the upper inner peripheral surface of the
Compressed gas in the same direction as the exhaust gas
A jet nozzle for jetting , covering the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder,
A cooling pipe for supplying a coolant between the conical cylinder and the outer peripheral surface;
Supplying the refrigerant into the jacket and the cooling jacket.
Refrigerant supply means, and the refrigerant from within the refrigerant jacket.
And a coolant discharge means for discharging, under said conical barrel
Characterized by a discharge port formed in the part
It is.

Here, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus described above
The swirling flow forming means is provided at the upper end of the conical cylinder (11).
Into a hollow cylindrical shape, and the exhaust gas is
An opening (17) for taking in the heat source is formed.
7) Swirling the exhaust gas flowing into the hollow cylinder from
Exhaust gas whose rotating blades are attached to the edge of the opening (17)
A swivel cylinder (16) may be provided.

Further, the above exhaust gas treatment device is arranged such that the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generation source (1) is guided along the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder (11) to the swirling flow forming means ( 25) is preferably provided.

In the above exhaust gas treatment apparatus,
A plurality of ejection nozzles (19) may be provided.

An exhaust gas treatment facility for achieving the above object is provided by any one of the above exhaust gas treatment apparatuses (1).
0), cooling means (2) for cooling the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas generation source (1), and gas sending means for sending the exhaust gas cooled by the cooling means (2) to the exhaust gas processing device (10). (3) and a compressed gas supply means (4) for supplying a compressed gas to the ejection nozzle (19).

Here, the exhaust gas treatment equipment preferably includes a bag filter (5) connected directly or indirectly to the discharge port (12) of the conical cylinder (11).

In the above exhaust gas treatment equipment, a plurality of exhaust gas treatment devices may be connected in parallel and / or in series to the exhaust gas generation source (1).

In the above description, the reference numerals in parentheses are the reference numerals assigned to corresponding parts in the embodiments described below.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an exhaust gas treatment facility as one embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 7, the exhaust gas processing equipment in this embodiment burns heavy oil or the like inside to
The boiler 1 is connected to a boiler 1 that generates an exhaust gas containing a substance existing in a solid state such as dust, in addition to an air pollutant existing in a gas state such as Ox and SOx. The exhaust gas processing equipment cools the exhaust gas generated in the boiler 1 and sends the exhaust gas cooled by the cooler 2 to cyclones 30, 30 and exhaust gas processing devices 10, 10 described later. Blow fan 3 and blow fan 3
30 for removing fine powder solids in the exhaust gas sent from the reactor, and exhaust gas treatment devices 10 and 10 for removing gas and pollutants of the fine powder solids in the exhaust gas
A compressor 4 for supplying compressed air to the exhaust gas treatment devices 10 and 10; a pressure feeding screw 40 for transporting the cyclones 30 and 30 and the fine powdery solid discharged from the exhaust gas treatment devices 10 and 10 to a target location; Cyclone 3
0, 30 and a bag filter 50 for removing finely divided solids in the exhaust gas that could not be completely removed by the exhaust gas treatment devices 10, 10. The exhaust gas treatment device 10 and the cyclone 30 are provided two in parallel with respect to the boiler 1 which is an exhaust gas generation source.

As shown in FIG. 6, the cyclone 30 has a hollow cylindrical portion 31, a hollow conical portion 33 attached to a lower portion of the hollow cylindrical portion 31, and extends vertically downward from the lower portion of the hollow conical portion 33. Hollow cylindrical fine powder discharge portion 34
And an exhaust gas swirling dish-shaped plate 35 provided at a boundary between the hollow cylindrical portion 31 and the hollow conical portion 33. An exhaust gas receiving port 32 is formed on the side circumference of the hollow cylindrical portion 31. Exhaust gas supply pipes 61 a and 61 b extending from the discharge port of the blower fan 3 are connected to the exhaust gas receiving port 32. As described above, the two cyclones 30, 30 are provided in parallel with the boiler 1, so that the exhaust gas supply pipe extending from the blower fan 3, as shown in FIG. In the middle, it branches into two, one pipe 61a is connected to one cyclone 30 of the two cyclones 30, and the other pipe is connected to the other cyclone 3
Connected to 0. At the upper end of the hollow cylindrical portion 31, an opening 37 for supplying exhaust gas to the exhaust gas treatment device 10 provided on the upper portion is formed. The exhaust gas swirling dish-shaped plate 35 has a dish shape that gradually projects downward as it approaches the central axis of the hollow conical part 33. The exhaust gas swirling dish-shaped plate 35 has a plurality of through holes 36 extending from its upper surface to its lower surface. This through hole 3
Reference numeral 3 denotes an exhaust gas swirling dish-shaped plate 3 so that the exhaust gas passing therethrough has a swirling flow in a clockwise direction (when viewed from above).
5 penetrates obliquely from the upper surface to the lower surface and clockwise about the central axis C of the hollow conical portion 33.

As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gas treatment device 10 has a conical inner cylinder 1 whose diameter decreases as it goes downward.
, A plurality of ejection nozzles 19 for ejecting compressed air to an upper portion of the conical inner cylinder 11, and a plurality of ejection nozzles 19 installed at an upper end of the conical inner cylinder 11 when approaching the central axis C of the conical inner cylinder 11. A plurality of through-holes 14, 14,.
And a plurality of openings 17, 1 which are provided at the upper end of the conical inner cylinder 11 and have a hollow cylindrical shape, and the exhaust gas is introduced into the hollow cylinder on the side periphery thereof.
, A cooling jacket 20 covering the outer peripheral surface of the conical inner cylinder 11 and supplying cooling water to the outer peripheral surface of the conical inner cylinder 11, and a cooling jacket 20.
, An outer cylinder 25 that covers the outer circumference of the conical inner cylinder 11 and the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16, an outer cylinder lid 26 that covers the upper end of the outer cylinder 25, and the ejection nozzle 1 that is provided around the outer cylinder 25.
Compressed air distributor 2 for temporarily storing compressed air to be supplied to 9
7 is provided.

The conical inner cylinder 11 has an open upper end, that is, a portion corresponding to the bottom of the cone, and an open lower end thereof, that is, a portion corresponding to the vertex of the cone.
This opening forms the outlet 12. This outlet 12
As shown in FIG. 6, a fine powder discharge pipe 62 extending vertically below the center axis of the cyclone 30 to the lower end of the fine powder discharge portion 34 of the cyclone 30 is connected. The opening at the upper end of the conical inner cylinder 11 is closed by an exhaust gas swirling plate 13.

As described above, the exhaust gas swirl plate 13 has a plurality of through holes 14, 14, from the upper surface to the lower surface.
... are formed. These through holes 14, 14, ...
As shown in FIG. 4, is formed on a line drawn in a spiral shape around the central axis C of the conical inner cylinder 11. The through-holes 14 are oblique from the upper surface to the lower surface of the exhaust gas swirl plate 13 so that the exhaust gas passing therethrough becomes a swirling flow in a clockwise direction (when viewed from above).
And it penetrates clockwise about the central axis C of the conical inner cylinder 11. The shape of the exhaust gas swirling plate 13 is the same as the shape of the exhaust gas swirling plate 35 of the cyclone 30 described above.
And basically the same. However, the through-hole 36 of the exhaust gas swirl dish plate 35 of the cyclone 30 causes the pressure loss of the gas passing therethrough to decrease the pressure loss of the gas passing through the through-hole 14 of the exhaust gas swirl dish 13 of the exhaust gas treatment device 10. The hole diameter is smaller than the through hole 14 so as to be larger than the pressure loss. Specifically, of the exhaust gas flowing into the cyclone 30, 7
0% or more is supplied to the exhaust gas treatment device 10 from the upper opening 37 of the cyclone 30, and the remaining less than 30% passes through the through-hole 36 of the exhaust gas swirl dish 35 of the cyclone 30 so as to pass through. The hole diameters of the holes 14 and 36 are set.

As shown in FIG. 1, a cooling water supply pipe 21a is connected to a lower part of the cooling jacket 20 covering the outer peripheral surface of the conical inner cylinder 11, and a cooling water drain pipe 21b is connected to an upper part thereof. Have been. The cooling water supply pipe 21a and the cooling water drain pipe 21b have flow control valves 22a and 22b for controlling the flow rate of the cooling water flowing therethrough, respectively.
Further, thermometers 23a and 23b for measuring the temperature of the cooling water are provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16 has a hollow cylindrical shape, and its upper end and lower end are open. A plurality of rectangular openings 17 for taking in exhaust gas into the hollow cylinder are provided on the side circumference of the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16.
17,... Are formed. As shown in FIG. 3, the edge of each of the openings 17, 17,... Is supplied with the exhaust gas flowing into the hollow cylinder from the opening 17 in the clockwise direction (upward) about the central axis C of the conical inner cylinder 11. (When viewed from above) is mounted. The exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16 is provided right above the exhaust gas swirl plate 13.

The conical inner cylinder 11 to which the cooling jacket 20 is attached and the outer cylinder 25 covering the outer periphery of the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16 are attached to the upper opening 37 of the cyclone 30 as shown in FIG. Most of the exhaust gas flowing into the hollow cylindrical portion 31 of the cyclone 30 is (7
(0% or more) from the upper opening of the cyclone 30 to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 25 of the exhaust gas treatment device 10 and the cooling jacket 20.
Flows upward between the outer peripheral surface of the upper surface and the upper surface.

As shown in FIG. 1, exhaust gas circulation pipes 63a, 63 are provided at the upper end of the outer cylinder lid 26 for closing the upper end of the outer cylinder 25.
b is connected to one end. Exhaust gas circulation pipe 6
The other ends of 3a and 63b are connected to exhaust gas supply pipes 61a and 61b extending from the blower fan 3. The exhaust gas circulation pipes 63a and 63b are provided with an exhaust gas circulation amount adjusting valve 64 for adjusting the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing therethrough. The exhaust gas circulation amount control valve 64 is provided when the amount of exhaust gas generated in the boiler 1 exceeds the processing capacity of the exhaust gas processing devices 10 and 10 and the processing efficiency of the exhaust gas processing device 10 is reduced. Opening 64 is used to return the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16 of the exhaust gas device 10 to the exhaust gas supply pipes 61a and 61b. Therefore, this control valve 64 is usually
It is closed.

The compressed air distributor 27 provided around the outer cylinder 25 is connected to compressed air supply pipes 66a and 66b extending from the compressor 4. Also,
The compressed air distributor 27 is provided with seven ejection nozzles 19, 19,... As shown in FIG. The distal end of the jet nozzle 19 is configured such that the compressed air injected from the distal end is directed clockwise around the central axis C of the conical inner cylinder 11 along the upper inner peripheral surface of the conical inner cylinder 11 (from above). It is bent so that it turns (when seen). FIG.
Does not show the exhaust gas swirl plate 13 in order to make it easy to understand the injection direction of the compressed air in the conical inner cylinder 11.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the pressure feeding screw 40 feeds the fine powdery solid discharged from the fine powder discharge portion 34 of the cyclone 30 and the fine powder discharge pipe 62 of the exhaust gas treatment device 10 in a target direction. 41, a drive source 42 for driving the screw 41, a casing for covering the screw 41, and a porous partition plate 43 for dividing the inside of the casing 45 into two chambers. The casing 45 extends in the horizontal direction, the drive source 42 is disposed at one end thereof, the fine powder discharge port 46 is formed at the lower part of the other end, and the exhaust gas exhaust port 47 is formed at the upper part of the other end. . The screw 41 is disposed below the casing 45. The perforated partition plate 43 divides the space inside the casing 45 with the screw 4.
1 and the upper exhaust gas retention chamber 49 where the screw 41 is not disposed.
And divided into A plurality of holes 44,
44,... Thus, the casing 4
The reason why the porous partition plate 43 is provided in the inside 5 is to prevent the fine powdery solids in the fine powdery solid transporting chamber 48 from rising during the transporting process and immediately blowing out from the exhaust gas exhaust port 47 of the casing 45 to the outside. is there.

As shown in FIG. 7, it can be said that the exhaust gas exhaust port 47 of the pressure feed screw 40 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet 6 of the bag filter 5 by an exhaust gas bag filter feed pipe 65.

Next, the operation of the exhaust gas processing equipment according to this embodiment will be described. The exhaust gas from boiler 1 is cooled by cooler 2 and then blown by fan 3 for approximately 700 m.
It is pressurized to mAq and sent into the hollow cylindrical portion 31 of the cyclone 30. The exhaust gas is not sent from the blower fan 3 in the direction of the central axis of the hollow cylindrical portion 31 of the cyclone 30, but is sent in a tangential direction along the inner peripheral surface of the hollow cylindrical portion 31 of the cyclone 30. Therefore, cyclone 30
The exhaust gas in the hollow cylindrical portion 31 of the cyclone 30
Turns clockwise (when viewed from above) around the central axis of. 70% or more of the exhaust gas flowing into the hollow cylindrical portion 31 of the cyclone 30 flows into the exhaust gas treatment device 10 from the upper opening 37 of the cyclone 30. Further, the remaining less than 30% of the exhaust gas passes through the through hole 36 of the exhaust gas swirl plate 35 of the cyclone 30 and flows into the hollow conical portion 33 of the cyclone 30. Since the through hole 36 of the exhaust gas swirl dish 35 penetrates in the exhaust gas swirling direction, the swirlability of the exhaust gas is further improved in the process of passing through the through hole 36. The exhaust gas in the hollow conical portion 33 of the cyclone 30 flows downward to the fine powder discharge portion 34 while turning clockwise. In this process, the fine powdery solids in the exhaust gas are separated from the gas in the exhaust gas by centrifugal force.

The exhaust gas which has flowed into the exhaust gas treatment device 10 flows upward while rotating clockwise between the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 25 of the exhaust gas treatment device 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the cooling jacket 20. go. In this process, the exhaust gas is cooled by exchanging heat with cooling water in the cooling jacket 20. When the exhaust gas reaches between the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 25 and the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16, the plurality of openings 17, 17,.
From the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16. In this process, the exhaust gas that has risen while turning clockwise in the outer cylinder 25 is further swirled by the swirling blades 18 provided in each opening 17. The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16 turns downward while rotating clockwise, passes through the through hole 14 of the exhaust gas swirl dish 13, and flows into the conical inner cylinder 11. Also in this process, since the through hole 14 of the exhaust gas swirl plate 13 penetrates in the exhaust gas swirling direction,
The turning property of the exhaust gas increases.

In addition to the exhaust gas, compressed air from the compressor 4 is also supplied from the ejection nozzle 19 into the conical inner cylinder 11 of the exhaust gas treatment device 10. In this embodiment, the compressed air is adjusted to about 4.5 to 7.0 kg / cm ² ,
The exhaust gas is injected into the conical inner cylinder 11 from the ejection nozzle 19 in the turning direction of the exhaust gas. Accordingly, the pressure in the conical inner cylinder 11 increases, and the turning force of the exhaust gas in the conical inner cylinder 11 also increases. The amount of compressed air supplied to one exhaust gas treatment device 10 is 0.25 N, assuming that the amount of exhaust gas flowing into one exhaust gas treatment device 10 is about 22 Nm ³ / min.
m ³ / min, which is very slight.

In the conical inner cylinder 27, due to the inflow of compressed air, the pressure increases to a specific pressure and decreases to a specific temperature. This temperature drop is due to the adiabatic expansion effect of the compressed air,
It is caused by cyclone-specific effects. further,
The gas in the conical inner cylinder 11 is also cooled by the cooling water in the cooling jacket 20. The gas contaminants in the exhaust gas are liquefied by the pressure increase and the temperature decrease in the conical inner cylinder 11, and are adsorbed by the fine powdery solids in the exhaust gas. further,
The gaseous pollutants in the exhaust gas dissolve into water that is condensed into water in the compressed air, and this water is adsorbed by the finely divided solids in the exhaust gas. The finely divided solid is separated from the exhaust gas by the centrifugal force at the stage of descending while swirling with the exhaust gas.

Here, the mechanism of removing gaseous pollutants in the exhaust gas will be described below by taking nitrogen oxide as an example for convenience. Among the pollutants related to air pollution, nitrogen oxides are the biggest problem today,
Among them, nitrogen dioxide NO ₂ is a gas that has recently become a particular problem because it induces the photochemical “smog” phenomenon and emits a peculiar odor.

Nitrogen oxides are generated in the process of burning fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum, and in the chemical process of producing nitric acid and the like. Among the nitrides, nitric oxide NO is generated by the direct reaction of oxygen and nitrogen during the combustion of the fossil fuel described above, and nitrogen dioxide NO ₂ is generated by the nitric oxide undergoing an oxidation reaction again. . When this NO ₂ is cooled, it undergoes a bimolecular bonding reaction and changes into colorless liquid nitrogen tetroxide (N ₂ O ₄ ).

The reaction formula is as follows: 2NO ₂ ⇔N ₂ O ₄ + Q (1) This reaction is a reversible reaction and an exothermic reaction. When the temperature decreases, the equilibrium reaction formula (1) proceeds to the right, and at 17 ° C. at atmospheric pressure, the NO ₂ abundance becomes “0” and the whole amount becomes liquid. To nitrogen tetroxide N ₂ O ₄ . In this reaction, even if the pressure increases, the equilibrium reaction equation (1) proceeds to the right. Therefore, even if the temperature is higher than 17 ° C., it is possible to make the NO ₂ abundance ratio “0” by increasing the pressure.

[0041] Thus, in an atmosphere NO ₂ is changed to the N ₂ O ₄ of the total amount liquid, the finely divided solid are present, even in N ₂ O ₄ traces, would be adsorbed on finely divided solid, this fine powder Removed together with the particulate particles. Therefore, as in this embodiment, when the pressure of the exhaust gas atmosphere is increased and the exhaust gas is cooled, many of the gaseous pollutants in the exhaust gas are liquefied and adsorbed on the finely divided solid. The details of the liquefaction of gaseous pollutants in exhaust gas are described in the Atmospheric Edition of the “Pollution Analysis Guideline” published by the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry, Kanto Branch.

In the process of removing gaseous pollutants in exhaust gas,
What is important is the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 1 which is a swirl flow forming means.
6 and exhaust gas swirl plate 13 and cooling jacket 20
It is. Exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16 and exhaust gas swirl plate 1
No. 3 enhances the effect of separating fine powdery solids in the exhaust gas by centrifugal force by enhancing the revolving property of the exhaust gas in the conical inner cylinder 11, and also enhances the cooling effect of the exhaust gas. The mechanism for improving the exhaust gas cooling effect is as follows. When a swirling flow is formed in the conical inner cylinder 11, the pressure near the central axis of the conical inner cylinder 11 decreases,
The pressure on the outer peripheral side of the conical inner cylinder 11 increases. Therefore, when the revolving property of the exhaust gas in the conical inner cylinder 11 is enhanced, the pressure difference between the vicinity of the center axis of the conical inner cylinder 11 and the outer peripheral side is further increased. For this reason, when the revolving property of the exhaust gas in the conical inner cylinder 11 is enhanced by the exhaust gas revolving cylinder 16 and the exhaust gas revolving dish-shaped plate 13, the compressed air revolves around the central axis of the conical inner cylinder 11. In the approaching process, the adiabatic expansion rate of the compressed air is increased, and the cooling effect of the exhaust gas is also enhanced. In addition,
The exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16 and the exhaust gas swirl dish plate 13 serve to enhance the swirlability of the exhaust gas in the conical inner cylinder 11 and also provide the exhaust gas swirl cylinder 16 and the exhaust gas swirl dish plate 13 respectively. It also plays a role in preventing the exhaust gas from flowing back due to the downstream pressure rising for some reason.

The cooling jacket 20 also cools the exhaust gas. The cooling jacket 20 cools not only the exhaust gas passing between the outer cylinder 25 and the jacket 20, but also the exhaust gas passing through the conical inner cylinder 11, in other words, the exhaust gas. Exhaust gas immediately after flowing into the processing apparatus 10 and immediately before flowing out of the exhaust gas processing apparatus 10 and the exhaust gas are cooled, and the exhaust gas is efficiently cooled. The temperature of the exhaust gas is controlled by controlling the valve opening of the flow rate control valves 22a and 22b provided in the cooling water supply pipe 21a and the cooling water drain pipe 21b to control the amount of cooling water supplied to the cooling jacket 20. By doing so, it can be adjusted.

As described above, the effect of the exhaust gas swirl tube 16, the exhaust gas swirl plate 13 and the cooling jacket 20 enhances the cooling effect of the exhaust gas, so that the liquefaction of the gas pollutants in the exhaust gas is achieved. Promoted and, as a result,
The efficiency of removing gaseous pollutants in exhaust gas is enhanced.

As described above, the finely divided solid adsorbs the water in the compressed air and the liquefied gaseous contaminants, adheres to the finely divided solids, forms a relatively large mass, and forms the gaseous contaminants and The exhaust gas from which the fine powder solid has been substantially removed is sent from the outlet 12 of the conical inner cylinder 11 to the fine powder solid transfer chamber 48 of the pressure screw 40 via the discharge pipe 62. The wet fine powdery solid is transferred by the screw 41 in the fine powdery solid transfer chamber 48 of the pressure feed screw 40 and the casing 4
5 is discharged from the fine powder discharge port 46. The exhaust gas from which gaseous pollutants and fine powder solids have been almost removed is transferred from the fine powder solid transfer chamber 48 of the pressure screw 40 to the pressure screw 41 via the plurality of holes 44, 44,. It flows into the exhaust gas retention chamber 49. The exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas storage chamber 49 is exhausted from the exhaust gas exhaust port 47 of the casing, is sent to the bag filter 5 via the exhaust gas bag filter feed pipe 65, and remains there in the exhaust gas. The finely divided solids are removed. This fine powdery solid is discharged from the fine powder discharge port 7 of the bag filter. The gas sent to the bag filter 5 is exhausted from the exhaust port 8 of the bag filter 5.

In the exhaust gas treatment equipment of this embodiment, as described above, the gas and fine solids in the exhaust gas can be removed without providing any chemical equipment. Can be reduced.

In this exhaust gas treatment facility, the fine powdery solids in the exhaust gas in the conical inner cylinder 11 adsorb liquefied gaseous contaminants and water in the compressed air, and gradually become moist. The solids adhere to each other. Therefore, even if it is a finely divided solid having a considerably small particle size, the particle size becomes gradually larger, so that a finely divided solid having a small particle size can be separated as compared with the separation of the finely divided solid by a simple cyclone.

Further, in this exhaust gas treatment facility, in addition to the removal processing of the fine powder solids and the gas pollutants, deodorization processing using the fine powder solids can be performed. Boiler 1
Unburned carbon is contained in the exhaust gas from such a combustor, and the unburned carbon deodorizes. The deodorizing action of the unburned carbon component is greatly different because its environment and the like are different from those of ordinary carbon deodorization.
This is due to the fact that the unburned carbon is a fine particle, so that the surface area is very large and the deodorizing environment has a high pressure. That is, in this embodiment, since the surface area of unburned carbon is large and the pressure is high, the contact ratio between unburned carbon and odor molecules is increased, and the deodorization reaction is rapidly performed.

As described above, one embodiment of the present invention has been described. In this embodiment, the boiler 1 is exemplified as an exhaust gas generating source. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the present invention may be applied to a diesel engine of a ship or a vehicle, a reactor of a chemical plant, a waste incinerator, or the like.

Further, in the above embodiment, two exhaust gas treatment devices 10, 10 are provided in parallel with respect to the exhaust gas generation source, but in order to further increase the exhaust gas treatment capacity,
Further, multiple exhaust gas treatment devices may be provided in parallel. Further, a plurality of exhaust gas treatment devices may be provided in series with respect to the exhaust gas generation source in order to increase the removal rate of the fine powdery solids and gas pollutants in the exhaust gas.

[0051]

According to the present invention, by increasing the pressure of the exhaust gas and cooling it, the gas contaminants in the exhaust gas are liquefied and adsorbed on the fine solids in the exhaust gas. Since the solids are removed by the cyclone effect, the gas and the fine solid contaminants in the exhaust gas can be removed without providing a chemical facility, and the running cost and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Further, the cooling effect of the exhaust gas is enhanced by the swirling flow forming means and the cooling jacket, and the gas pollutants in the exhaust gas are efficiently liquefied. Substances can be removed more efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exhaust gas treatment device as one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an exhaust gas swirl cylinder as one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of an exhaust gas swirling dish-shaped plate as one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an exhaust gas treatment device, a cyclone, and a pressure screw according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an overall system diagram of an exhaust gas treatment facility as one embodiment according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Boiler (exhaust gas generation source), 2 ... Cooler, 3 ... Blower fan, 4 ... Compressor, 5 ... Bag filter, 10
... Exhaust gas treatment device, 11 ... Conical inner cylinder, 12 ... Exhaust port, 13 ... Exhaust gas swirl plate, 16 ... Exhaust gas swirl cylinder, 17 ... Swirl vane, 19 ... Squirt nozzle, 20 ... Cooling jacket, 21a ... Cooling water supply pipe, 21b ... Cooling water drain pipe, 25 ... Outer cylinder, 26 ... Outer cylinder lid, 27 ... Compressed air distributor, 30 ... Cyclone, 31 ... Hollow cylindrical section, 33 ... Hollow conical section, 34 ... Fine powder Exhaust part, 35 ... Exhaust gas swirl dish-shaped plate, 40 ... Pump screw, 41 ... Screw, 43 ...
Porous partition plate, 45 ... casing.

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for treating an exhaust gas in which a finely divided solid pollutant and a gaseous air pollutant are mixed, a hollow conical cylinder whose diameter is reduced downward, and A swirling flow forming means for swirling the exhaust gas around the central axis of the cylindrical tube and sending the exhaust gas to an upper portion in the conical tube; and a conical flow along the upper inner peripheral surface of the conical tube. comprising a jetting nozzle for jetting the same direction the compressed gas and the turning direction of the exhaust gas which has been fed into the top of the Jo cylinder, and the bottom of the conical tube, the swirl flow discharge port is formed
The forming means is provided at the upper end of the conical cylinder,
It gradually projects downward as it approaches the center axis of the cylinder
The exhaust gas is swirled from the top of the dish.
A plurality of through holes penetrating the lower surface toward the direction
An exhaust gas treatment device having an exhaust gas swirling dish-shaped plate formed . 2. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder is covered with the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder.
Coolant supply hands supplying a cooling jacket in which the refrigerant is supplied, the refrigerant in the cooling jacket between the
Stage and a refrigerant discharge for discharging said refrigerant from within said refrigerant jacket
Exhaust gas treatment apparatus characterized in that it comprises a means. 3. A finely divided solid pollutant and a gaseous air pollutant.
Exhaust gas treatment equipment that treats exhaust gas with mixed quality
A hollow conical cylinder whose diameter is reduced toward the bottom
And the exhaust gas is swirled around the central axis of the conical cylinder.
Turn to send the exhaust gas to the upper part in the conical cylinder
A swirling flow forming means, and an upper part of the conical cylinder along the inner peripheral surface of the upper part of the conical cylinder
Same direction as the swirling direction of the exhaust gas sent to
A jet nozzle for jetting compressed gas to the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder,
Coolant supply hands supplying a cooling jacket in which the refrigerant is supplied, the refrigerant in the cooling jacket between the
Stage and a refrigerant discharge for discharging said refrigerant from within said refrigerant jacket
And means, and the bottom of the conical tube, an exhaust gas treatment device, characterized in that the discharge opening is formed. 4. An exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, 2 or 3.
The swirling flow forming means is installed at an upper end of the conical cylinder and forms a hollow cylindrical shape.
An opening for taking in the exhaust gas in the hollow cylinder
The exhaust gas formed and flowing into the hollow cylinder from the opening
Swirl vanes are attached to the edge of the opening.
An exhaust gas treatment device comprising an exhaust gas swirl cylinder . 5. The exhaust gas processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas from an exhaust gas generation source is made to flow along the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder, and then is sent to the swirling flow forming means. An exhaust gas treatment device comprising exhaust gas guide means for guiding. 6. The exhaust gas processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of ejection nozzles are provided. 7. An exhaust gas processing apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, cooling means for cooling the exhaust gas from an exhaust gas source, and the exhaust gas cooled by the cooling means. Exhaust gas processing equipment, comprising: gas feeding means for feeding the compressed gas into the exhaust gas processing device; and compressed gas supply means for supplying the compressed gas of the ejection nozzle. 8. An exhaust gas treatment facility according to claim 7, further comprising a bag filter connected directly or indirectly to said outlet of said conical cylinder. Facility. 9. The exhaust gas processing equipment according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of the exhaust gas processing devices are connected in parallel and / or in series to the exhaust gas generation source. And exhaust gas treatment equipment.