JP2906245B2 - Continuously variable transmission for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission for a vehicle, and more particularly to a continuously variable transmission for a vehicle that can be made compact even when a fluid coupling is provided.

[Conventional technology]

In a vehicle, a transmission is interposed between an internal combustion engine and drive wheels. In this transmission, the driving force of the drive wheels and the traveling speed are changed in accordance with the traveling conditions of the vehicle which change over a wide range, and the performance of the internal combustion engine is sufficiently exhibited. The transmission is formed between both pulley parts of a pulley having, for example, a fixed pulley part fixed to a rotating shaft and a movable pulley part attached to the rotating shaft so as to be able to approach and separate from the fixed pulley part. There is a continuously variable transmission in which the rotation radius of a belt wound around a pulley is reduced by increasing or decreasing a groove width by hydraulic pressure, power is transmitted, and a gear ratio (belt ratio) is changed.

Such a continuously variable transmission is disclosed, for example, in JP-A-59-12.
No. 6145 discloses this. According to this publication, when the rotation speed becomes larger than a set rotation speed range, the reduction ratio of the reduction ratio control mechanism is changed to the rotation speed set on the upshift side, and the rotation speed is set to the set rotation speed. When the engine speed becomes smaller than the range, the reduction ratio of the reduction ratio control mechanism is changed to the number of rotations set on the downshift side, and the feeling of acceleration due to the increase in engine speed and the responsiveness of the increase in torque when the accelerator pedal is depressed And prevents hunting due to shift control.

Also, in the case of a continuously variable transmission, it has been considered to provide a fluid coupling for changing the rotation direction of the belt to move the vehicle forward and backward. This fluid coupling has a pump impeller connected to the internal combustion engine side, a stator impeller that is prevented from rotating by a brake mechanism, and a turbine impeller fixed to an output shaft connected to the pulley side. By allowing or preventing the rotation of the stator impeller, the turbine impeller is rotated forward and reverse to change the rotation direction of the belt, thereby moving the vehicle forward and backward.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in a continuously variable transmission having a fluid coupling,
In order to change the rotation direction of the turbine impeller of the fluid coupling, parts such as a brake mechanism for allowing and preventing rotation of the stator impeller and an operation mechanism for operating the brake mechanism are sequentially arranged in the longitudinal direction of the fuselage. Therefore, the total length of the continuously variable transmission becomes large in order to secure space for parts installation, and the size of the continuously variable transmission increases, making it difficult to lay out the engine room, which is a limited space, which is disadvantageous in practical use. Invited inconvenience.

[Object of the invention]

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to reduce the size of a continuously variable transmission including a fluid coupling and a neutral clutch between a brake mechanism and an operating mechanism in order to eliminate the above-described disadvantages.
Another object of the present invention is to realize a continuously variable transmission for a vehicle that can easily achieve a layout.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention is to reduce the groove width between the fixed pulley part and the movable pulley part attached to and detachable from the fixed pulley part by hydraulic pressure. 2. Description of the Related Art In a continuously variable transmission for a vehicle that controls the speed so as to reduce and increase the radius of rotation of a belt wound around both pulleys and change a speed ratio, rotation is prevented by a pump impeller and a brake mechanism that are connected to an internal combustion engine. A fluid coupling that has a stator impeller and a turbine impeller fixed to an output shaft connected to the pulley side, and that allows the turbine impeller to rotate forward and reverse by allowing and preventing rotation of the stator impeller. A brake-side casing provided with the brake mechanism is provided, and a recess formed by a holding portion of the brake-side casing that holds a bearing on which the output-side shaft is supported is provided in a recessed portion. A brake actuating body of an operation mechanism for operating a brake mechanism is movably provided, and a neutral clutch is provided between the brake mechanism and the operation mechanism so that the turbine impeller and the fixed pulley part can be connected and disconnected. An operating ring for operating the brake mechanism by operating the brake operating body is disposed outside the neutral clutch.

[Action]

According to the configuration of the present invention, the fluid coupling is provided, the neutral clutch is provided between the brake mechanism and the operating mechanism, and the bearing for supporting the brake operating body of the operating mechanism for operating the brake mechanism is supported on the output shaft. A brake ring is provided movably in a recess formed by a holding portion of the brake side casing, and an operation ring for operating the brake mechanism by operating the brake operating body is disposed outside the neutral clutch.
Accordingly, it is not necessary to arrange a brake operating body alongside other components in the continuously variable transmission, and it is possible to reduce the overall length of the continuously variable transmission provided with the fluid coupling and to reduce the size of the continuously variable transmission. . This small continuously variable transmission is easily installed in the engine room, which is advantageous in layout.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and specifically with reference to the drawings.

1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 2 is a continuously variable transmission for a vehicle, 4 is a driving pulley, 6 is a driven pulley, and 8 is a belt. The drive-side pulley 4 is mounted on the drive-side shaft in the pulley-side housing 10.
A drive-side fixed pulley piece 14 fixed to the drive side 12; and a drive-side movable pulley piece 16 mounted on the drive-side shaft 12 so as to be movable and non-rotatable in the axial direction of the drive-side shaft 12. The oil is guided to the drive-side oil chamber 20 formed by the drive-side housing 18 disposed on the rear side of the movable pulley portion 16, and the drive-side movable pulley portion 16 is moved in the axial direction of the drive-side shaft 12 by oil pressure. The width of the drive-side groove 22 between the drive-side fixed pulley portion 14 and the drive-side movable pulley portion 14 is reduced.

Further, the driven pulley 6 is attached to the driven side shaft 24 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the driven side shaft 24 and non-rotatably, and a driven side fixed pulley part 26 fixed to the driven side shaft 24. The driven side movable pulley portion piece 28, and guides oil to a driven side oil chamber 32 formed by a driven side housing 30 disposed on the back side of the driven side movable pulley portion piece 28. The oil pressure causes the driven-side movable pulley piece 28 to move in the axial direction of the driven-side shaft 24, and the driven-side groove 34 between the driven-side fixed pulley piece 26 and the driven-side movable pulley piece 28. Is to increase or decrease the width. In the driven-side oil chamber 32, a pressing spring 36 that presses and biases the driven-side movable pulley piece 28 in the enlarged direction of the driven-side oil chamber 32 is contracted.

A belt 8 is disposed in the driving groove 22 of the driving pulley 4 and the driven groove 34 of the driven pulley 6, and the belt 8 is tightened between the driving pulley 4 and the driven pulley 6. .

Inside the internal combustion engine side housing 38 of the continuously variable transmission 2, a stator impeller 44, which is prevented from rotating by a pump impeller 40 and a brake mechanism 42 connected to the internal combustion engine (not shown), and a drive on the pulley side A turbine impeller 48 fixed to an output shaft 46 connected to the side shaft 12, and allowing and preventing the rotation of the stator impeller 44 to rotate the turbine impeller 48 forward and reverse to output the shaft 46. And a fluid coupling 50 for changing the rotation direction of the belt 8 is provided. That is, a drive plate 54 for driving the fluid coupling 50 is fixed to the internal combustion engine side shaft 52 connected to the internal combustion engine. This fluid coupling 50
Has the pump impeller 40, the stator impeller 44, and the turbine impeller 48 in a joint side housing 56. The pump impeller 40 is connected to the drive plate 54 via a joint housing 56. Further, the stator impeller 44 is connected to the brake mechanism 42 attached to the inner surface of the brake side casing 60 located between the pulley side housing 10 and the joint side housing 56 via the first connecting body 58. This allows
The stator impeller 44 can be locked and separated from the brake-side casing 60 depending on the operation state of the brake mechanism 42. Further, in the joint side housing 56, the joint side housing
A direct coupling clutch 62 that enables engagement and disengagement of the turbine wheel 48 and the turbine impeller 48 is provided. In other words, this direct coupling clutch
62 can directly connect the internal shaft 52 and the output shaft 46 to each other.

The other end of the output shaft 46 to which the turbine impeller 48 is fixed is supported by an intermediate bearing 64. A second connecting member 66 is fixed to the output side shaft 46, and the second connecting member 66 is connected to a neutral clutch 68.

The neutral clutch 68 is operated by oil pressure, and interrupts the relationship between the output side shaft 46 and the drive side shaft 12. As a result, the turbine impeller 48
Thus, the drive-side fixed pulley piece 14 can be intermittently connected. That is, the neutral clutch 68 is connected to the output side shaft from the turbine impeller 48.
The motive power transmitted to the motor 46 is transmitted through the driving pulley 4 and the driven pulley 6 to engage and disengage the subsequent power transmission device to generate neutrality.

The forward and reverse rotation of the turbine impeller 48 of the fluid coupling 50 is performed as shown in FIGS. That is, when the brake mechanism 42 is separated from the brake side casing 60, the stator impeller
The rotation of 44 is allowed, oil passes between the blades of stator impeller 44, and rotates turbine impeller 48 in the same direction as pump impeller 40, that is, in the forward direction (see FIG. 5).
On the other hand, when the brake mechanism 42 is locked to the brake-side casing 60, the rotation of the stator impeller 44 is prevented, and the direction of the kinetic energy of the oil sent from the pump impeller 48 is fixed. As a result, oil flows in from the back surface of the blade of the turbine impeller 48, and the rotation of the turbine impeller 48 is in the opposite direction to the rotation of the pump impeller 40 (see FIG. 6). Therefore, the turbine impeller
The change in the forward / reverse rotation of the output side shaft 46 fixed to 48, that is, the change in the rotation direction of the belt 8 is performed through the turbine impeller 48. It can maintain a neutral state.

Furthermore, a joint-side housing integrated with the pump impeller 48
56 is directly connected to the oil pump 70, so that the oil pump 70 is directly driven by the internal combustion engine side shaft 52.

Also, as shown in FIGS.
The holding portion 60a that supports the bearing 64 is formed on the 60. A concave portion 72 formed by the holding portion 60a and the outer packet portion 60b positioned in the axial direction of the output side shaft 46 has a brake piston 76 serving as a brake operating body constituting an operating mechanism 74 for operating the brake mechanism 42. Is housed. The brake piston 76 is moved by the oil pressure from an oil introduction passage 78 formed in the side portion 60c, so that the holding portion 60
a can be moved in the axial direction of the output side shaft 46 along the first sliding surface 60e of the a and the second sliding surface 60f of the outer packet portion 60b.
Abuts on the distal end portion 80a of the operating ring 80 located outside of the actuator, and controls the operation of the brake mechanism 42 via the operating ring 80. That is, the operating mechanism 74 is configured by the brake piston 76 that moves in the recess 72 by the oil pressure, and the operating ring 80 that remotely controls the brake mechanism 42.

The movement of the brake piston 76 is
Stopped by 81.

The continuously variable transmission 2 controls the speed so as to continuously increase and decrease the rotation radius of the belt 8 wound around the driving pulley 4 and the driven pulley 6 so as to change the gear ratio continuously.

Further, a reduction drive gear 82 is fixed to the driven side shaft 24, and the reduction drive gear 82 has a support shaft.
Reduction driven gear 86 fixed to 84 is engaged. Further, a final drive gear 88 is fixed to the support shaft 84, and the final drive gear 88 meshes with a final gear 92 of the differential unit 90. This differential unit 90 communicates with wheels (not shown).

 Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

The operation of the internal combustion engine causes the shaft 52 of the internal combustion engine to rotate, and the rotation of the shaft 52 of the internal combustion engine rotates the drive plate 54 to drive the fluid coupling 50.

In the fluid coupling 50, when the brake mechanism 42 is separated from the brake side casing 60 via the operating ring 80 by the movement of the brake piston 76 operated by oil pressure, the direct coupling clutch 62 is engaged (connected). A) Possible state, that is, a state in which the direct coupling clutch 62 can directly couple the internal combustion engine side shaft 52 and the output side shaft 46, and the stator impeller
44 is in a rotating state, the oil passes between the blades of the stator impeller 44 and acts on the blades of the turbine impeller 48, whereby the turbine impeller 48 moves in the same direction as the pump impeller 40,
That is, it rotates in the forward direction (see FIG. 5). This allows
The vehicle moves forward.

On the other hand, when the brake mechanism 42 is locked to the brake side casing 60, the direct coupling clutch 62 is in a disengaged state, that is, the direct coupling clutch 62 is in a state in which the internal combustion engine side shaft 52 and the output side shaft 46 are not directly connected, and Since the rotation of the impeller 44 is stopped, the oil is reversed by the blades of the stator impeller 44, and the oil flows in from the back of the blade of the turbine impeller 48, whereby the rotation of the turbine impeller 48 is changed to the pump impeller.
The direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of rotation. (See FIG. 6). As a result, the vehicle moves backward.

At this time, the oil pump 70 is driven by the rotation of the internal combustion engine side shaft 52, absorbs oil from an oil pan (not shown), and supplies the oil to the fluid coupling 50 and other parts. .

The continuously variable transmission 2 is provided with a drive-side groove of the drive-side pulley 4.
In accordance with the decrease of the width of the driven side pulley 6 and the width of the driven side pulley 6, the rotational radius of the belt 8 is decreased and increased to change the speed ratio continuously.

Thereby, the power of the internal combustion engine is input from the internal combustion engine shaft 52, the rotation direction of the belt 8 is determined by the forward and reverse rotation directions of the turbine impeller 48 of the fluid coupling 50, and the driving pulley 4, the belt 8, and the driven To the side pulley 6, and a reduction drive gear 82, a reduction driven gear 86,
After passing through final drive gear 88 and final gear 92,
Next, it is branched by the differential unit 90,
It is transmitted to each wheel.

By the way, in this embodiment, the brake piston 76 is accommodated in the recess 72 of the brake side casing 60,
An operating mechanism that remotely controls the separated brake mechanism 42
By arranging the operating ring 80 of 74 outside the neutral clutch 60, no special installation space for the brake piston 76 is required, thereby saving installation space.
By providing the fluid coupling 50 and providing the neutral clutch 60 between the brake mechanism 42 and the operating mechanism 74, the total length of the continuously variable transmission 2 can be reduced, and the compact continuously variable transmission 2 can be configured. Thereby, the continuously variable transmission 2 can be easily installed in an engine room having a limited size.

〔The invention's effect〕

As is apparent from the above detailed description, according to the present invention, the operating mechanism for operating the brake mechanism in the recess formed by the holding portion of the brake side casing that holds the bearing on which the output side shaft of the fluid coupling is supported is provided. A brake operating body is provided so as to be movable, and a neutral clutch is provided between the brake mechanism and the operating mechanism so that the turbine impeller and the fixed pulley part can be connected and disconnected, and the brake is operated by moving the brake operating body. By disposing the operating ring for operating the mechanism outside the neutral clutch, the size of the continuously variable transmission provided with the fluid coupling can be reduced, and the layout of the continuously variable transmission can be easily achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a continuously variable transmission provided with a fluid coupling, and FIG. 2 is a detailed explanatory view of a continuously variable transmission provided with a fluid coupling. 3, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a shaft arrangement view of the continuously variable transmission, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view in a state where the turbine impeller rotates in a forward direction, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing in the state in which an impeller rotates in a reverse direction. In the figure, 2 is a continuously variable transmission, 4 is a drive side pulley, 6 is a driven side pulley, 8 is a belt, 40 is a pump blade, 42 is a brake mechanism, 44 is a stator impeller, 46 is an output side shaft, 48 Is a turbine impeller, 50 is a fluid coupling, 60 is a brake side casing, 60a is a holding portion, 62 is a direct coupling clutch, 64 is a bearing, 68
Is a neutral clutch, 70 is an oil pump, 72 is a recess, 74 is an operating mechanism, 76 is a brake piston, and 80 is an operating ring.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F16H 45/00 F16H 47/06-47/08 F16H 61/58

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] The width of a groove between a fixed pulley part and a movable pulley part detachably mounted on the fixed pulley part is reduced and increased by hydraulic pressure to be wound around the two pulleys. In a continuously variable transmission for a vehicle that performs speed change control to reduce and increase a radius of rotation of a belt to change a speed ratio, a stator impeller and a pulley, the rotation of which is prevented by a pump impeller and a brake mechanism connected to an internal combustion engine side. A turbine impeller fixed to an output shaft connected to the side, and a fluid coupling that allows the turbine impeller to rotate forward and reverse by allowing and preventing rotation of the stator impeller; A brake-side casing provided with a shaft, and operating the brake mechanism in a recess formed by a holding portion of the brake-side casing that holds a bearing on which the output-side shaft is supported. A brake operating body for an operation mechanism is provided so as to be movable, and a neutral clutch is provided between the brake mechanism and the operation mechanism so that the turbine impeller and the fixed pulley portion can be connected and disconnected. A continuously variable transmission for a vehicle, wherein an operating ring that operates by moving a body to operate the brake mechanism is disposed outside the neutral clutch.