JP2904724B2 - Tile mold - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dry molding method of a tile in which a tile material made of powder is filled into a mold and compression-molded, and the tile is formed so that a fired tile can be given an accurate shape. It is about type.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a tile is formed by dry molding, as in the conventional mold shown in FIGS. An elastic body b such as urethane rubber is adhered to the surface of the substrate so that the surface becomes streaks of an uneven pattern, for example, an elastic body b having an uneven plate shape having a plurality of parallel projections d, or A plurality of elastic bodies b in parallel with a metal lower mold c
Was glued.

[0003] In addition, when filling a tile material into a molding die in general tile molding, it is extremely difficult to obtain a uniform filling density due to the characteristics of the raw material powder and the structure of the filling device, and it is difficult to obtain a uniform density. When the molded body pressed in is fired, it is difficult to obtain an accurate shape by deforming due to firing shrinkage, and in a mold using the tile back mold a to which the elastic body b is bonded, Although the elastic body b contracted slightly to absorb unevenness in filling of the raw material, it was not satisfactory.

[0004] In order to solve such non-uniform compression molding in the general tile molding, molding of a tile in which a rubber body containing a liquid is mounted on a lower frame is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-32251. A device was devised, but according to this invention, when there is uneven density of raw material filling, where the raw material density is low, tiles become thinner when pressed and molded, and flat tiles cannot be made. When a pressure load is applied to the liquid, the flatness of the surface of the rubber body is impaired.

Also, in the tile forming apparatus disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-32251, a rubber body is placed on a lower bridge forming a back foot groove of the tile. Since the surface of the natural rubber body is located, there is a drawback that the sole foot groove of the tile cannot be formed.

Further, in recent years, there has been a problem of a peeling accident of a tile applied to a wall surface, and irregularities on the back surface of the tile, that is, generally streaky grooves have been further deepened as a measure for preventing peeling. The sole-foot groove is formed by a convex part in the molding die, but when the pressure molding is performed, the compression ratio of the part is larger than that of the other part, and therefore, a molding die in which the sole-foot groove is deepened is used. In this case, if there is unevenness in the filling of the raw materials, the variation in the molding density becomes large, and the shape after firing tends to be deteriorated.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, a thin elastic body b having an uneven portion at least on the surface side is adhered to the surface of a lower mold c mainly made of metal, and the lower surface of the convex portion e of the elastic body b is bonded. Is formed so as to be in contact with the cavity f formed in the lower mold c. The cavity f in the lower mold c is made to communicate with all of the lower mold c, and a sealing structure is formed to fill the cavity f with liquid. Was developed.

[0008] With such a mold for forming a tile, it is possible to perform compression molding at a substantially uniform density. However, when compression molding is performed several thousand times per day, a thin elastic body b is required depending on the packing density of the powdery raw material. Moves up and down partially repeatedly and faces the cavity f.
Since the supporting and non-supporting states of the elastic body b are divided by the right-angled portions, there is a disadvantage that the elastic body b is damaged due to a crack or the like from the part.

Also, the elastic body b is adhered to the surface of the flat lower mold c except for the cavity f, and the elastic body b repeatedly moves up and down over the cavity f. adversely affects the bonding state of the elastic body b at the boundary between the c and the cavity f,
In the worst case, there was also a disadvantage that the elastic body b was peeled from the relevant portion.

The upper and lower surfaces of the elastic body b are in contact with the powder raw material and the pressure liquid. Usually, the powder raw material is hydrated and the liquid is oily. Water resistance and oil resistance are required, and there is no material for the elastic body b which can sufficiently satisfy such requirements, and there is a disadvantage that durability is reduced.

In addition, in the bonding operation of the elastic body b to the base, since the cavity f exists, it is impossible to form the elastic body b by directly coating the tile back mold a, and the elastic body b is formed into a predetermined shape. There was a disadvantage that the elastic body b had to be adhered and the work became difficult.

[0012]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a mold for forming a tile having a deep sole muscle and capable of forming a tile which is hardly deformed by firing shrinkage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mold for forming a tile in which a thin elastic body can be adhered by a direct coating operation on a surface of a tile back mold when manufacturing a mold.

[0013]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the problem that it is difficult to form a deep sole groove at a uniform molding density based on the above-mentioned prior art. The appearance is the same as that of the mold having a large number of uneven patterns on the surface, but the lower surface of the convex portion is in contact with the pressure transmitting body having a large number of working cavities, and all of the lower mold By filling the working cavity with a watertight structure, filling the inside with liquid and applying a preload with a weak pressure, filling the powder raw material during compression molding by pressing the upper mold In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the pressure transmitter and the convex portion expand or contract in response to the difference in pressure acting on the convex portion with respect to the variation in density, so that the lower mold can be compression-molded at a uniform pressure. It's a neat thing.

Also, in view of the problem that the elastic body repeatedly moves up and down based on the above-mentioned prior art and the durability is reduced, the lower mold cavity has a working cavity having elasticity and a liquid pressure acting thereon. By fitting the transmission body and bonding the elastic body to the surface of the lower mold and the pressure transmission body, the expansion or contraction of the working cavity of the pressure transmission body in the vertical direction or the like is caused by the vertical movement of the convex part of the elastic body. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the elastic body is adhered to the entire surface in a state in which the elastic body is converted into a state.

Further, in view of the problem that it is impossible to form an elastic body directly on the back of a tile having an opening based on the above-mentioned prior art, a pressure transmitting body is provided in a cavity formed in a lower mold. The above-mentioned problem is solved by attaching an elastic body such as urethane rubber and synthetic resin to directly adhere the elastic body to the pressure transmitting body and the lower mold mounted in the cavity. It's a neat thing.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a tile press forming apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. Forming surfaces 3, 3a are formed on the lower surfaces of the upper dies 2, 2a so as to form the surface sides of the pair of tile bases T. On the back side, lower molds 5 and 5a that are tile back molds having molding surfaces 4 and 4a
(Only one part is shown in the figure).

Reference numeral 6 denotes a mold frame provided with an upper end surface corresponding to a line connecting the vertexes of the pair of filled powdery raw materials W. The mold frame 6 surrounds the lower molds 5 and 5a. It is arranged to be able to move up and down by a cylinder (not shown), and the inner surface of the mold frame 6, the lower mold 5,
The molding surfaces 4 and 4a of 5a constitute a cavity 7 as a raw material filling space.

Next, the details of the lower molds 5 and 5a will be described. The surface 8 of the lower molds 5 and 5a is covered with an elastic body 10 having irregularities 9, 9a. A plurality of parallel convex portions 11, 11a,... Are provided on the surface.

The convex portions 11, 11a provided on the elastic body 10 are provided.
Has a rectangular shape, but the convex portions 11, 11a,... May have an inverted trapezoidal shape so that a dovetail-shaped back foot groove can be formed on the tile base T to be formed. Tile base T
Various shapes are selected according to the back foot groove.

The lower dies 5, 5a are provided with cavities 12, 12a, which act on the convex portions 11, 11a, in correspondence with the convex portions 11, 11a,. A communication hole 13 is provided to connect all of the plurality of cavities 12, 12a... In the molds 5, 5a.
The introduction hole 14 communicates with the communication hole 13.

.. Are hollow portions 12, 12a of the lower mold 5, 5a.
Are pressure transmitting bodies having elasticity mounted therein, and the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a are provided with working cavities 16, 16a communicating with the communication holes 13 on the lower surface side. The side wall portions 18 and 18a have a substantially gate-shaped cross section.

The upper surfaces of the pressure transmitting members 15, 15a are the same as the surfaces of the lower dies 5, 5a, and the upper surfaces of the metal main bases of the lower dies 5, 5a and the upper surfaces of the pressure transmitting members 15, 15a. The elastic body 10 is bonded.

The convex portions 11, 11a..., The hollow portions 12, 12a
And the width of the working cavities 16, 16a are set as shown in the figure, but such shapes are appropriately selected, and the elastic body 10 and the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a are made of urethane rubber, rubber, synthetic resin, etc. The hardness of both is higher than that of the pressure transmitting members 15, 15a, that is, a harder material is used, and the elastic body 10 in contact with the water-containing powder raw material W is made of a water-resistant material, the working cavity 16 , 16a... If the liquid 25 acting on the pressure is oily
15, 15a ... use oil-resistant material.

The elastic body 10 provided on the surface 8 of the lower dies 5, 5a
Indicates that the lower surfaces of the convex portions 11, 11a are flat, but as shown in FIG. 5, the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a are protruded upward from the surfaces of the lower molds 5, 5a. An elastic body 10 having substantially the same thickness may be adhered to the surfaces of the dies 5, 5a and the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a... To form the convex portions 11, 11a.

In the drawing, reference numeral 21 denotes a molding machine base for the lower dies 5 and 5a. A mold base 21a mounted on the upper part of the molding machine stool 21 communicates with the introduction hole 14 of the lower dies 5 and 5a. A through hole 22 is provided, and the upper dies 2 and 2a are mounted on a molding machine base plate 23.

FIG. 1 shows a pressure load device as an accessory mechanism for the above-mentioned main part. Reference numeral 24 denotes a liquid-to-pneumatic converter incorporating a liquid 25, and connection of the liquid-to-pneumatic converter 24 to the liquid 25 side. Piping
26 is provided with a check valve 27 and a stop valve 28, while a hydraulic / pneumatic converter
A pressure control valve 30 and a pressure gauge 31 connected to an air pressure source 29 are connected to the air side of 24.

The distal end of the connection pipe 26 of the pressure load device is connected to all the cavities 12 through the through holes 22 provided in the mold base 21a, the introduction holes 14 and the communication holes 13 provided in the lower dies 5, 5a. Working cavities 16, 16a of pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a arranged in 12a ...
When the upper die 2 and 2a pressurize the powder raw material W filled in the cavity 7 when a preload is applied to the liquid 25 contained therein, the upper wall portion 17 of the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a and the convexities of the elastic body 10 Shape part 1
The check valve 27 receives a high hydraulic pressure generated in the liquid 25 inside by pressing 1, 11a.

The pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a... Fitted and mounted in the cavities 12, 12a.
Acting on the working cavities 16, 16a ... of the lower molds 5 and 5a, the lower cavities 12, 12a ... of the lower dies 5, 5a are in close contact with each other.

Next, the main parts of the lower dies 5, 5a according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. Are in close contact with each other as a whole, and the convex portions 11, 11a of the elastic body 10 are located above the working cavities 16, 16a of the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a mounted in the cavities 12, 12a. The upper wall 17 of the elastic body 10 and the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a is free to move up and down within the elastic limit, and the working cavity 16, 16a is filled with the liquid 25.

In the figure, T indicates a tile base which is a compact formed by compressing the powdery raw material W filled in the cavity 7.

In FIG. 9, the mold frame 6 and the lower mold 5,
FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a compression ratio when a powder raw material W filled in a cavity 7 composed of 5a or the like is compressed to form a tile base T which is a molded body. The dimension t represents the thickness of the tile base T, and the dimension h represents the height of the convex portions 11, 11a... Of the elastic body 10.

Next, the operation of the tile forming die according to the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS.
When the air pressure supplied from the pressure control valve 30 is appropriately adjusted within the range of 0 to ² kg / cm ^{2 by} the pressure control valve 30 and loaded on the upper part of the liquid-to-pneumatic converter 24, the liquid 25 is supplied to the connection pipe 26 and the through hole 22. , Introduction hole 1
4. The liquid that passes through the communication hole 13 and fills the working cavities 16, 16a of the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a... Mounted on the lower dies 5, 5a.
When the pressure is applied to the upper surface 25, the upper surface wall portion 17 of the working cavity portion 16, 16a and the convex portions 11, 11a of the elastic body 10 have a convex shape slightly expanded by receiving pressure from the lower portion.

As shown in FIG. 8, the powder raw material W filled in the cavity 7 composed of the mold frame 6, the lower molds 5, 5a, etc.
When pressed by the upper dies 2 and 2a from above, it becomes a tile base T, and the lower elastic body 10 and its convex portions 11 and 11a are formed.
.., And at this time, a strong pressure is generated in the tile base T above the left-side convex part 11a in the dense place in the tile base T, and the convex part of the elastic body 10 is generated.
Attempts to push 11a down.

On the other hand, where the density of the tile base T is low,
For example, in the figure, the tile base T above the right convex portion 11b
In this case, the pressure generated is weak, the convex portion 11b of the elastic body 10 can be pushed down only weakly, and a plurality of convex portions 11, 11a, 11
Since the working cavities 16, 16a ... of the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a ... acting in correspondence with b ... are communicated by the communication holes 13, the pressure generated in the liquid 25 at all positions is determined by the principle of Pascal. The pressure is the same as shown.

Therefore, the liquid 25 at the location where the high pressure is generated
a is pushed down by the elastic deformation of the elastic body 10 and the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a..., and the low-pressure working cavities 16, 16a.
The liquid 25b is sent to the portion, and the liquid 25b rises and pushes up the convex portion 11b of the elastic body 10 and the upper wall portion 17 of the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a... Within the elastic limit to compress the tile base T from below.

As shown in the embodiment shown in FIG.
Even when the upper portions of the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a ... are arranged inside the 11a ..., they move up and down with respect to the surface 8 of the lower molds 5, 5a under the influence of the pressure of the convex portions 11, 11a ... It has the same pressure action.

Next, the pressurized state at each position of the elastic body 10 having the concave and convex portions 9, 9a... Will be described. As shown in FIG. 9, the powder raw material W has a pressing force of about 250 to 350 kg / cm ^2. , A tile base T formed to a thickness t of about half of the raw material filling depth d is obtained.

Now, suppose that the raw material filling depth d = 20, the thickness t = 10 of the tile base T, the height h of the convex portions 11, 11a...
2, the concave portions 11z, 11y of the surface 8 of the lower dies 5, 5a
Is 20/10 = 2, and the compression ratio of the tile base T in the convex portions 11, 11a is (20-2) / (10-2) = 18/8 = 2. .
25, and the convex portions 11, 11a... Are more strongly compressed.

Since the tile raw material is a powder raw material W,
Although the principle of Pascal is not applied as shown in FIG. 25, a slight force acts not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction as shown by arrows in FIGS. Since a pressure is applied from a certain portion to the powder raw material W above the concave portions 11z, 11y..., The density of the tile base T is slightly improved even in the concave portions 11z, 11y.

In the conventional molding dies shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, when the packing density of the powder raw material is uneven, a portion having a lower packing density has a higher compression density than a portion having a higher density. Is low for both the convex and concave portions, so that the force acting laterally from the convex portion to the concave portion is weaker at the lower density and the compression ratio of the concave portion is lower. It cannot be corrected so that a lateral force acts to approach a high density area.

Although the above embodiment has been described with reference to a flat tile, the present invention can be applied to an accessory tile such as a curved tile.

[0042]

In summary, according to the present invention, the main body is made of metal lower molds 5 and 5a, and at least the concave and convex portions 9, 9a.
Are attached to a thin elastic body 10 having an opening, and a working cavity 1 is formed in a cavity 12, 12a.
The pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a having elasticity provided with 6, 16a ...
Are mounted so that the lower surfaces of the convex portions 11, 11a... Of the elastic body 10 are in contact with the upper surfaces of the pressure transmitting members 15, 15a ... mounted on the lower molds 5, 5a. Working cavity 16, 16a
Are connected to each other, and the working cavities 16, 16a are filled with the liquid 25 in a sealed structure, so that the convex portions of the uneven portions 9, 9a of the elastic body 10 on the surfaces of the lower molds 5, 5a are formed. Part 1
The working cavities 16, 16a of the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a, which are in contact with the lower surfaces of the 1, 11a, are filled with a liquid 25.
When the powder material W is pressed by the upper molds 2 and 2a, the convex portions 11, 11a,...
Are also uniformly pressed from the lower portions of the convex portions 11, 11a through the pressure generated in the liquid 25 by the reaction.

Accordingly, when there is density unevenness in the filled powder raw material W, the convex portion 11a near the high density powder raw material W
Is pressed, and the convex portion 11b near the low-density powder raw material W presses the powder raw material W in reverse with uniform hydrostatic pressure. As a result, the tile base T becomes the convex shape of the elastic body 10. Part 1
1, 11a... In the vicinity, compression molding can be performed under substantially uniform density.

As described above, since the compression density of the upper portions of the convex portions 11, 11a... Becomes substantially uniform, the convex portions 11, 11a
, The pressure acting on the tile base T in the lateral direction from the top of the concave portions 11z, 11y to the top becomes uniform, so that even when the packing density of the powdery raw material W is low, the concave portions 11
Since a lateral pressure is applied to the powder raw material W above z, 11y... in the same manner as where the density is high, a tile base T having a substantially uniform density can be obtained.

Since the convex portions 11, 11a... Move slightly up and down according to the packing density of the powdery raw material W, the depth of the groove portion of the tile base T corresponding to the sole foot groove of the curved tile is constant. However, even if there are variations, the concave portions 11z, 11y ...
Since the thickness t of the tile base T formed by
By firing such a tile base T, it is possible to obtain a good-quality tile with extremely little deformation.

The elastic body 10 adhered to the entire surface 8 of the lower dies 5, 5a has a pressure transmitting body 15, 15a... Even at the positions of the cavities 12, 12a. Will hold the elastic body 10 in a plane at the same level,
It is possible to improve the durability by preventing cracks, damage, peeling, etc. of 10 and also to be able to directly coat the elastic body 10 on the lower molds 5 and 5a and to easily perform the bonding work. , And the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15 attached to the cavities 12, 12a.
a ... are compression-molded in a state of being mounted in the lower molds 5 and 5a, so that it is not necessary to separately perform unnecessary work at the time of compression molding for bonding the elastic body 10.

The interior of the convex portions 11, 11a... Of the elastic body 10 forms a space, and the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a.
Are mounted, the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a... Protrude upward from the lower molds 5, 5a, the elastic limit increases, and the convex portion 1
The vertical movement and expansion degree of 1, 11a ... can be slightly increased, and therefore, the degree of achievement of uniform compression density can be increased,
Since the convex portions 11, 11a ... and the hollow portions 12, 12a ... coincide with each other, the bonding operation can be facilitated.

Since the pressure loading device for the liquid 25 in the working cavities 16, 16a,...
By applying a pressurizing force to the inside of a, the groove portion of the tile base T can be reliably formed by compression molding under high pressure and maintaining the shape of the convex portions 11, 11a.
The adhesion of the pressure transmitting bodies 15, 15a to the 12, 12a can be improved.

The elastic body 10 is made of a water-resistant, pressure transmitting body 15, 15
are made oil-resistant, the powder raw material W contains moisture, and when the liquid 25 is oil-based, the elastic material 10
And the pressure transmitting members 15 and 15a are materials corresponding to each of them, so that the durability can be improved, and since both are made of rubber and synthetic resin, practical effects such as not hindering the adhesion state of the two. It is enormous.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a press forming apparatus using a tile forming die according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a lower die.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is another embodiment of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a lower mold when not filled with liquid.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a lower mold in a state where the liquid is filled.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a lower mold showing a compression molding state.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a compression ratio.

FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional molding portion for forming a sole foot groove.

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of a molded part having another pattern according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a conventional lower mold using hydrostatic pressure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5, 5a Lower mold 9, 9a ... Uneven part 10 Elastic body 11, 11a ... Convex part 12, 12a ... Cavity 13 Communication hole 15, 15a ... Pressure transmitter 16, 16a ... Working cavity 25 Liquid

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Ishikawa 6-31 Takara-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Japan Nippon Carbide Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A 8-127001 (JP, A) JP-A 8- 80517 (JP, A) JP-A-7-232315 (JP, A) JP-A-8-108418 (JP, A) JP-A-8-197525 (JP, A) JP-A-6-53106 (JP, U) 4-32251 (JP, Y2) JP49-4521 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B28B 7/16 B28B 3/02 B28B 7/00 B28B 7/20

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] A thin elastic body having an uneven portion on at least the surface side is adhered to the surface of a lower mold made of metal, and a working cavity opening to the lower surface side is formed in a cavity formed in the lower mold. The pressure transmitter having elasticity provided is mounted, and the lower surface of the convex portion of the elastic body is configured to be in contact with the upper surface of the pressure transmitter mounted on the lower mold, and all the working cavities of the pressure transmitter are communicated with each other. A mold for forming a tile, characterized in that the working cavity is filled with a liquid in a sealed structure. 2. The tile molding die according to claim 1, wherein a space is formed inside the convex portion of the elastic body, and a pressure transmitting body is mounted in the space. 3. The tile mold according to claim 1, wherein a pressure loading device for the liquid in the working cavity is provided continuously. 4. The mold according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body is water-resistant and the pressure transmitting body is oil-resistant.