JP2895043B1 - Oil burner - Google Patents

Abstract

An oil burner according to the present invention is capable of reducing equipment costs and running costs by reducing the weight and reducing burner misfire by improving a flame holding function (combustion stabilizing function). A cylindrical burner body 14 to which a combustion air supply pipe 16 is connected, an oil sprayer 18 projecting inward from a face plate 14a of the burner body 14, and a face plate 14a.
A large number of through holes 3 arranged at a predetermined distance from each other and arranged so that the tip of the oil sprayer 18 protrudes inward.
A cylindrical frame cone 30 having an open lower end provided with a stabilizer 34 having an opening 2 and a cylindrical distributing throat 3 having both open ends located outside the cylindrical frame cone 30 and arranged at a predetermined distance from the face plate 14a.
6 and a flame length varying vane 46 provided in the combustion air supply pipe 16 and changing the collision angle with the cylindrical distribution throat 36.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tundish,
The present invention relates to an oil burner used for a ladle, an air heater and other industrial furnaces.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art
For example, low pressure air spray burners have been used as oil burners for preheating and drying tundish or ladle.
However, in this low-pressure air spray burner, it is necessary to provide a burner tile having a refractory structure, and the entire burner body is heavy due to the heavy weight of the burner body. Was. On the other hand, for combustion, the low-pressure air spray burner secures the burner flame holding (combustion stabilization function) by the length of the combustion chamber in the burner tile, but the combustion device for preheating and drying the tundish or ladle does not. Until then, the length of the combustion chamber in the burner tile could not be taken, and there was difficulty in holding the burner flame.
In addition, the combustion device also requires excessive air combustion in a low-temperature region, and a low-pressure air-spray burner is also required to cope with the secondary air register system, which leads to an increase in weight and cost. Had become.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an oil burner capable of reducing equipment costs and running costs by reducing the weight and reducing burner misfire by improving a flame holding function (combustion stabilizing function). It is in.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, an oil burner according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical burner main body having a combustion air supply pipe connected to a side portion thereof, and an inward direction from a center of a face plate of the burner main body. And a lower end provided with a stabilizer having a plurality of through holes arranged at a predetermined distance from the face plate and having a tip end of the oil sprayer protruding inward. An open cylindrical frame cone, a cylindrical distribution throat open at both ends located outside the cylindrical frame cone and arranged at a predetermined distance from the face plate, and provided in the combustion air supply pipe; A variable length vane for changing the collision angle with the cylindrical distribution throat.

[0005]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an oil burner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1A, and mainly shows the flow of combustion air by arrows. The oil burner 10 has a cylindrical burner body 14 fixed to the outer surface 13 of the heat insulating plate 12 by means such as screwing.
It has. The heat insulating plate 12 is provided to prevent the oil burner 10 and the attached equipment from being burned out by the burner flame when the oil burner 10 is mounted downward. Only the outer surface 13 to which the burner body 14 is mounted is formed of a metal plate. Others are made of ceramic fibers or lightweight amorphous refractories.

A combustion air supply pipe 16 is connected to the side of the burner body 14. An oil sprayer 18 is provided at the center of the face plate 14a of the burner body 14 so as to protrude inward. The flame monitoring device 2 is provided on the face plate 14a of the burner body 14.
2 is attached to the side of the oil sprayer 18. Further, the face plate 14a of the burner body 14
The ignition spark plug 20 is disposed on the side of the oil sprayer 18 and on the opposite side of the flame monitoring device 22 so as to project obliquely toward the inside of the burner main body 14. The ignition spark plug 20 is connected to an ignition transformer 26 by a captire cord 24.
Note that, as an ignition device, a pilot burner 28 may be used instead of the spark plug 20 as shown in FIG. In this case, the flame monitoring device 22 can be attached to the rear end of the pilot burner 28.

[0007] Inside the burner main body 14, a cylindrical frame cone 30 having an open lower end is provided concentrically with the burner main body 14. The frame cone 30 is connected to the burner body 14.
At a predetermined distance from the face plate 14a. Inward of the frame cone 30, the respective tips of the oil sprayer 18 and the spark plug 20 for ignition protrude. Further, the frame cone 30 is provided with a stabilizer 34 having a large number of through holes 32 in the circumferential direction around the tip of the oil sprayer 18. The stabilizer 34 is formed integrally with the frame cone 34 so as to form the upper end surface of the frame cone 30.
In the present embodiment, the stabilizer 34 is formed so as to form the upper end surface of the frame cone 30. However, the frame cone 30 may extend further beyond the stabilizer 34.

Outside the frame cone 30 and between the burner body 14 and a cylindrical distribution throat 3 open at both ends.
6 are arranged concentrically with the burner main body 14 and at a predetermined distance from the face plate 14 a of the burner main body 14. An outer passage 38 and an inner passage 40 each formed of an annular space are formed between the burner main body 14 and the frame cone 30 by the distribution throat 36. On the other hand, the lower part of the burner body 14 and the distribution throat 36
A partition plate 44 having a large number of through holes 42 in a circumferential direction is provided between the outer passage 38 and the partition plate 44.

A flame length variable vane 46 is provided inside the combustion air supply pipe 16. The flame length variable vane 46 is supported so that it can be rotated and set at an arbitrary angle, and can be set to, for example, a solid line position and a two-dot chain line position shown in FIG. In this way, by changing the angle of the flame-extending vane 46,
The angle at which the combustion air supplied from the combustion air supply pipe 16 collides with the distribution throat 36 can be changed, so that the degree of swirling of the combustion air in the outer and inner passages 38 and 40 can be changed. It has become.

[0010] The oil burner 10 having the above-described structure is lightweight because it has no burner tile and has a simple structure. Therefore, when adopted for a tundish or a ladle, the driving device can be made simple and small in horsepower, and the equipment cost and running cost can be reduced.

Next, the combustion operation of the oil burner 10 of this embodiment, the operation of changing the flame shape, and the like will be described. The fuel oil and the spray air are supplied to the oil sprayer 18 and sprayed from the tip of the oil sprayer 18 in the form of a mist. The air supplied from the combustion air supply pipe 16 to the burner main body 14 is distributed by the distribution throat 36 to the outside passage 3.
8 and the incoming air entering the inside of the distribution throat. The external air blows out from the through hole 42 of the partition plate 44 toward the inside of the tundish T. on the other hand,
The inflow air flowing inside the distribution throat 30 is blown into the frame cone 30 from the many through holes 32 of the stabilizer 34 and air blown toward the inside of the tundish T through the inside passage 40. And distributed to.

The fuel oil sprayed from the oil sprayer 18 is primarily mixed with the combustion air spouted from the through holes 32, and the sparks of the spark plug 20 or the pilot burner 2 are mixed.
The flame is ignited by the pilot flame 8 and combustion starts in the flame cone 30 to form a flame. At this time, a part of the fuel oil is burned in the frame cone 30, and the remaining fuel oil is completely combusted with the air that has passed through the inner passage 40 and the air that is ejected from the through holes 42 of the partition plate 44.

When the flame length variable vane 46 is set at the solid line position shown in FIG.
The combustion air supplied to the burner main body 14 changes its tangential flow direction by the flame length variable vanes 46, and swirls in the outer passage 38 and the inner passage 40 as indicated by arrows in FIGS. It becomes a flow. When this swirling flow is jetted into the tundish T, it rapidly spreads due to centrifugal force. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the combustion flame also rapidly expands and becomes a short flame whose angle becomes wider. In contrast,
When the flame length variable vane is set at the position indicated by the two-dot chain line shown in FIG. 2, the combustion air that has entered the burner body 14 flows substantially straight without rotating around the frame cone 30 and the distribution throat 36. And gushes straight into Tundish T. As a result, the combustion flame becomes a long flame having a narrow angle and a long extension as shown in FIG. As described above, the flame shape can be easily changed by changing the setting position of the flame length variable vane 46, so that it is possible to cope with various shapes of tundish from shallow to deep. .

Further, when the oil burner 10 is in a combustion state, the burning cone causes the flame cone 30 to be heated to a high temperature, and the combustion air injected into the frame cone 30 from the through hole 32 as shown in FIG. Swirl 33 around
A stable flame holding function is exhibited by the retention effect due to the formation of, and burner misfire can be reduced.

Further, the combustion air is distributed by the distribution throat 36 to the external air flowing through the outer passage 38 and the internal air flowing through the inner passage 40, so that the fuel oil air sprayed inside the frame cone 30 The mixing state with the air is not excessive, and the excess combustion air is ejected from the through hole 42 of the partition plate 44 as external air, so that the amount of combustion air supplied to the burner body 14 is adjusted. By doing so, it is possible to handle from low excess air combustion to high excess air combustion. Since a burner having such a simple structure can perform combustion from high excess air combustion to low excess air combustion, a series of operations from low-temperature drying of a tundish to high-temperature preheating can be performed.

The oil burner 10 of the present embodiment is
Although the description has been made mainly for use in a tundish, the invention is not limited to the tundish but can be applied to a ladle or various furnaces.

[0017]

As described above, the oil burner of the present invention can be reduced in weight because it has no burner tile and has a simple structure.

Further, the combustion flame can be easily changed to a short shape with a wide angle or a long shape with a small angle.

Further, a stable flame holding function can be exhibited by the fired ball effect of the frame cone and the retention effect inside the frame cone, and burner misfire can be reduced.

Furthermore, it is possible to cope with high excess air combustion to low excess air combustion with a simple structure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an oil burner, and FIG. 1B is a partial cross-sectional view of an oil burner provided with an ignition pilot burner.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a combustion state in a short flame with an increased angle.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a combustion state in a long flame having a narrow angle and a long extension.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which a vortex of mist fuel oil is generated in a frame cone.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Oil burner, 12 ... Heat insulation plate, 14 ... Burner main body, 16 ... Combustion air supply pipe, 18 ... Oil sprayer, 20 ... Ignition spark plug, 30 ... Frame cone, 34 ... Stabilizer, 36 ... Distribution throat, 44 ...
Partition plate, 46 ... Vane for variable flame length.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F23D 11/24

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cylindrical burner main body having a combustion air supply pipe connected to a side portion thereof, an oil sprayer protruding inward from a center portion of the face plate of the burner main body, and a predetermined distance from the face plate. , And a cylindrical frame cone with an open lower end provided with a stabilizer having a large number of through holes arranged so that the tip of the oil sprayer protrudes inward, and an outer side of the cylindrical frame cone. And a cylindrical distribution throat having both ends open and arranged at a predetermined distance from the face plate, and a flame length variable vane provided in the combustion air supply pipe and changing a collision angle with the cylindrical distribution throat. An oil burner characterized by comprising: