JP2889032B2 - Contact material welding method - Google Patents
Contact material welding methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2889032B2 JP2889032B2 JP3352757A JP35275791A JP2889032B2 JP 2889032 B2 JP2889032 B2 JP 2889032B2 JP 3352757 A JP3352757 A JP 3352757A JP 35275791 A JP35275791 A JP 35275791A JP 2889032 B2 JP2889032 B2 JP 2889032B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- spring
- welding
- contact material
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、接点材料を溶接する接
点材の溶接方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for welding a contact material for welding a contact material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来は、接点の如き金属片とバネの如き
金属片を超音波を用いて溶接する方法としては図６及び
図７に示すような方法が一般的に挙げられる。すなわ
ち、図６に示すように、アンビル３に凹部１１を設けて
その中に接点１を入れ、接点１が移動しないように固定
する。次にバネ２を接点１の上に載置し、バネ２側から
ホーン４を介して超音波振動を加え接点１とバネ２を溶
接する。また、図７に示すように、バネ２をアンビル３
上に固定し、バネ２上に接点１を載置し、接点１側から
ホーン４を介して超音波振動を加え接点１とバネ２を溶
接する。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of welding a metal piece such as a contact and a metal piece such as a spring by using ultrasonic waves, there are generally known methods shown in FIGS. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, a concave portion 11 is provided in the anvil 3, the contact 1 is inserted therein, and the contact 1 is fixed so as not to move. Next, the spring 2 is placed on the contact 1, and ultrasonic vibration is applied from the spring 2 side via the horn 4 to weld the contact 1 and the spring 2. Also, as shown in FIG.
The contact 1 is placed on the spring 2, and ultrasonic vibration is applied from the contact 1 side via the horn 4 to weld the contact 1 and the spring 2.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、これら
の溶接方法では、一般的に軟らかい接点材料（例えばＡ
ｇ合金等）と接点材料より硬いバネ材料（例えばベリ
銅、りん青銅等）とを溶接した場合、軟らかい接点材料
の変形量が硬いバネ材料に比べ大きい為、接点機能上必
要となるバネ表面からの接点高さを管理するのが困難で
あった。また、軟らかい接点材料の接合面は変形に伴う
塑性流動で活性な金属表面が生じるが、硬いバネ材料に
は活性な金属表面が生じにくい為、超音波溶接強度が得
られ難い。超音波溶接強度をもっと向上させようとする
と、さらに変形量を増やす必要があった。硬いバネ材料
にＣｕ、Ａｇ、Ａｌ等の比較的軟らかい材料をコーティ
ングすることで上記問題点をある程度改善できるが、コ
スト的に高くなることと機能性が損なわれるという問題
点があった。However, in these welding methods, generally, a soft contact material (for example, A
g alloy) and a spring material that is harder than the contact material (for example, bery copper, phosphor bronze, etc.), the amount of deformation of the soft contact material is greater than that of the hard spring material. It was difficult to control the height of the contact. In addition, an active metal surface is generated on the joining surface of a soft contact material by plastic flow accompanying deformation, but an active metal surface is hardly generated on a hard spring material, so that it is difficult to obtain ultrasonic welding strength. In order to further improve the ultrasonic welding strength, it was necessary to further increase the amount of deformation. The above problem can be improved to some extent by coating a relatively soft material such as Cu, Ag, or Al on a hard spring material, but there is a problem that the cost increases and the functionality is impaired.
【０００４】本発明はこのような点に鑑みてなされたも
のであり、接点材料の如き軟らかい金属片とバネ材料の
如き硬い金属片との安定した溶接を得ることのできる接
点材の溶接方法を提供することを目的とする。[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a method of welding a contact material capable of obtaining stable welding between a soft metal piece such as a contact material and a hard metal piece such as a spring material. The purpose is to provide.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に本発明は、予め硬質のバネ材料の表面にレーザ光を照
射して極表面層だけを軟化させた後、軟化された部分に
軟質の接点材料を超音波溶接することに特徴を有してい
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method in which a surface of a hard spring material is irradiated with a laser beam to soften only an extremely surface layer, and then the softened portion is softened. Is characterized by ultrasonic welding of the contact material.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】本発明の金属の溶接方法によれば、調質材（熱
処理材）や、加工硬化材の表面にレーザを照射すること
で、表面の極めて薄い層のみを溶融又は昇温させること
ができる。従って、バネ材料の特性が損なわれないで表
面を軟化させることができるため、超音波溶接時に活性
化させやすくなり、超音波溶接変形量を抑えた、安定し
た溶接状態を得ることができる。According to the metal welding method of the present invention, the surface of a heat-treated material (heat-treated material) or a work hardened material is irradiated with a laser so that only an extremely thin layer on the surface is melted or heated. it can. Therefore, since the surface can be softened without impairing the characteristics of the spring material, the surface can be easily activated during ultrasonic welding, and a stable welding state in which the ultrasonic welding deformation is suppressed can be obtained.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を接点材料とバネ材
料の溶接を例にとり図面に基づいて説明する。 （実施例１） 第１実施例を図１（ａ）及び（ｂ）に基づいて説明す
る。従来例の図６及び図７で示した如く、例えば、バネ
２の材料をＢｅＣｕ１１合金、板厚０．１ｍｍ、ビッカ
ース硬度は２００Ｈｖ以上とし、接点１の材料を外径φ
２．５ｍｍ、厚さ０．３ｍｍ、材質Ａｇ合金として、超
音波溶接（周波数１５ｋＨｚ、加圧力４０ｋｇｆ、約
０．１ｓｅｃ）すると軟らかい接点１が変形し、接合面
でつぶれが生じる。この時の剪断破壊強度は約１０ｋｇ
ｆ程度である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, taking welding of a contact material and a spring material as an example. Embodiment 1 A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 of the conventional example, for example, the material of the spring 2 is BeCu11 alloy, the plate thickness is 0.1 mm, the Vickers hardness is 200 Hv or more, and the material of the contact 1 is an outer diameter φ.
When 2.5 mm, thickness 0.3 mm, and a material Ag alloy are subjected to ultrasonic welding (frequency: 15 kHz, pressure: 40 kgf, about 0.1 sec), the soft contact 1 is deformed and crushed at the joint surface. The shear breaking strength at this time is about 10 kg
f.
【０００８】そこで、図１（ａ）に示すように、ＹＡＧ
（ＣＯ２ ）レーザ６をバネ２の表面に照射（照射時間
〜数ｍｓ）し バネ２の極表面層（〜３０μｍ）だけを
溶融させた溶融層８ａを形成する。その結果、バネ２の
表面のビッカース硬度は１００Ｈｖ以下に低下する。さ
らに（ｂ）に示すように、バネ２の溶融層８ａの面を用
いてバネ２と接点１とをホーン４を介して超音波溶接す
ると、接合面でのつぶれが無く、かつ剪断破壊強度は２
０ｋｇｆ以上が得られる。Therefore, as shown in FIG.
The surface of the spring 2 is irradiated with the (CO 2 ) laser 6 (irradiation time: several ms) to form a molten layer 8 a in which only the very surface layer (（30 μm) of the spring 2 is melted. As a result, the Vickers hardness of the surface of the spring 2 decreases to 100 Hv or less. Further, as shown in (b), when the spring 2 and the contact 1 are ultrasonically welded through the horn 4 using the surface of the molten layer 8a of the spring 2, there is no crush at the joint surface and the shear fracture strength is low. 2
0 kgf or more is obtained.
【０００９】（実施例２） 第２実施例を図２（ａ）、（ｂ）及び（ｃ）に基づいて
説明する。接点１の材料を例えば外径φ２．５ｍｍ、厚
さ０．３ｍｍ、材質Ａｇ合金とし、接点１の裏面にＣｕ
の裏打ち１０を厚さ０．１ｍｍ設ける。（ａ）に示すよ
うに、超音波溶接時の溶接部所の安定化の為に〜１００
μｍ程度の凹凸付けをパンチ５のプレスフォーミング等
で裏打ち１０に行う。（ｂ）に示すように、プレスフォ
ーミングによる加工硬化で超音波溶接性が悪くなるため
ＹＡＧレーザ６を接点１の裏打ち１０に照射し、フォー
ミング部表面を加熱する。（ｃ）に示すように、接点１
とバネ２をホーン４を介して超音波溶接する。その結
果、フォーミング時に生じた残留応力を除去し、軟化さ
せることで、超音波溶接性の安定の向上が図れる。(Embodiment 2) A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 (a), 2 (b) and 2 (c). The material of the contact 1 is, for example, an outer diameter φ2.5 mm, a thickness of 0.3 mm, and a material of an Ag alloy.
Is provided with a thickness of 0.1 mm. (A) As shown in FIG.
An unevenness of about μm is formed on the backing 10 by press forming of the punch 5 or the like. As shown in (b), the work hardening by press forming deteriorates the ultrasonic weldability, so that the backing 10 of the contact 1 is irradiated with the YAG laser 6 to heat the surface of the forming portion. As shown in FIG.
And the spring 2 are ultrasonically welded through the horn 4. As a result, it is possible to improve the stability of the ultrasonic weldability by removing and softening the residual stress generated during the forming.
【００１０】なお、図３（ａ）、（ｂ）及び（ｃ）に示
すように、図１に示した第１実施例におけるバネ１の接
合面にプレスフォーミング等で凹凸加工を施し、接合部
所の安定化を図った場合も、同レーザ処理が有効的なこ
とは言うまでもない。As shown in FIGS. 3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c), the joining surface of the spring 1 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. Needless to say, the laser processing is effective even when stabilizing the place.
【００１１】（実施例３） 第３実施例を図４（ａ）及び（ｂ）に基づいて説明す
る。これは第１実施例及び第２実施例において、エキシ
マレーザ７を照射したものである。エキシマレーザ７を
用いることでＹＡＧレーザ６とは異なり、紫外領域の波
長を持つレーザであり、非常に薄い溶融層（〜数μｍ）
を形成することが可能である。（ａ）に示すように、エ
キシマレーザ７をバネ２に照射してバネ２の表面に極め
て薄い溶融層８ｂを形成することができる。（ｂ）に示
すように、接点１とバネ２をホーン４を介して超音波溶
接する。従って、材料特性をほとんど損なうことなく軟
化層を形成することができ、その結果超音波溶接性が向
上し、超音波溶接時の溶接部所の安定化が図られる。(Embodiment 3) A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). This is obtained by irradiating the excimer laser 7 in the first and second embodiments. Unlike the YAG laser 6 by using the excimer laser 7, the laser has a wavelength in the ultraviolet region and has a very thin molten layer (up to several μm).
Can be formed. As shown in (a), the excimer laser 7 is irradiated on the spring 2 to form an extremely thin molten layer 8b on the surface of the spring 2. As shown in (b), the contact 1 and the spring 2 are ultrasonically welded through the horn 4. Therefore, the softened layer can be formed without substantially impairing the material properties, and as a result, the ultrasonic weldability is improved, and the welding portion at the time of ultrasonic welding is stabilized.
【００１２】図５（ａ）及び（ｂ）は、第１実施例及び
第２実施例において、エキシマレーザ７を照射した他の
第３実施例である。（ａ）に示すように、エキシマレー
ザ７のエネルギー密度を調整することで、レーザ照射面
に数μｍ程度の微細凹凸の凹凸層９を加工硬化なしに瞬
時に形成することができる。（ｂ）に示すように、接点
１とバネ２をホーン４を介して超音波溶接する。従っ
て、超音波溶接時の溶接部所の安定化が図られる。FIGS. 5A and 5B show another third embodiment in which the excimer laser 7 is irradiated in the first and second embodiments. As shown in (a), by adjusting the energy density of the excimer laser 7, the uneven layer 9 having fine irregularities of about several μm can be instantaneously formed on the laser irradiation surface without work hardening. As shown in (b), the contact 1 and the spring 2 are ultrasonically welded through the horn 4. Therefore, the stabilization of the welding part at the time of ultrasonic welding is achieved.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の金属の溶
接方法では、硬質の金属基材の表面に前もってレーザ光
を照射して極表面層だけを軟化させた後、軟化された部
分に軟質の接点材料を超音波溶接するようにしたので、
金属の調質部、及び加工硬化部等の硬い部分であって
も、レーザ前処理を行うことで材料の特性を犠牲にする
ことなく金属表面に極めて薄い層のみを溶融又は昇温さ
せることができる。従って、超音波溶接時に活性化させ
やすくなり、超音波溶接変形量を抑えた、安定した溶接
状態を得ることができ、溶接後の接点としての形状が安
定したものとなり、接点の電気的性能も安定する。As described above, in the metal welding method of the present invention, the surface of the hard metal substrate is irradiated with a laser beam in advance to soften only the very surface layer, and then to the softened portion. Since the soft contact material was ultrasonically welded,
Even in hardened parts such as metal refining parts and work hardened parts, laser pretreatment can melt or raise only an extremely thin layer on the metal surface without sacrificing material properties. it can. Therefore, it is easy to activate during ultrasonic welding, it is possible to obtain a stable welding state in which the amount of ultrasonic welding deformation is suppressed, the contact shape after welding becomes stable, and the electrical performance of the contact is also improved. Stabilize.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は本発明の第１実施例におけ
る金属の超音波溶接を示す図である。FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are diagrams showing ultrasonic welding of metal in a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】（ａ）、（ｂ）及び（ｃ）は本発明の第２実施
例における金属の超音波溶接を示す図である。FIGS. 2 (a), (b) and (c) are views showing ultrasonic welding of metal in a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】（ａ）、（ｂ）及び（ｃ）は本発明の他の第２
実施例における金属の超音波溶接を示す図である。FIGS. 3 (a), (b) and (c) show another second embodiment of the present invention.
It is a figure showing ultrasonic welding of metal in an example.
【図４】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は本発明の第３実施例におけ
る金属の超音波溶接を示す図である。FIGS. 4A and 4B are views showing ultrasonic welding of a metal according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は本発明の他の第３実施例に
おける金属の超音波溶接を示す図である。FIGS. 5A and 5B are views showing ultrasonic welding of a metal according to another third embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】従来例における金属の超音波溶接を示す図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing ultrasonic welding of metal in a conventional example.
【図７】従来例における他の金属の超音波溶接を示す図
である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing ultrasonic welding of another metal in a conventional example.
１ 接点 ２ バネ ３ アンビル ４ ホーン ５ パンチ ６ ＹＡＧレーザ ７ エキシマレーザ ８ａ、８ｂ 溶融層 ９ 凹凸層 １０ 裏打ち １１ 凹部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Contact 2 Spring 3 Anvil 4 Horn 5 Punch 6 YAG laser 7 Excimer laser 8a, 8b Fused layer 9 Uneven layer 10 Backing 11 Depression
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) B23K 20/10 B23K 26/00 H01H 11/06 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) B23K 20/10 B23K 26/00 H01H 11/06
Claims (1)
照射して極表面層だけを軟化させた後、軟化された部分
に軟質の接点材料を超音波溶接することを特徴とする接
点材の溶接方法。A contact material characterized in that a surface of a hard spring material is previously irradiated with a laser beam to soften only an extremely surface layer, and then a soft contact material is ultrasonically welded to the softened portion. Welding method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3352757A JP2889032B2 (en) | 1991-12-16 | 1991-12-16 | Contact material welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3352757A JP2889032B2 (en) | 1991-12-16 | 1991-12-16 | Contact material welding method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05185252A JPH05185252A (en) | 1993-07-27 |
| JP2889032B2 true JP2889032B2 (en) | 1999-05-10 |
Family
ID=18426236
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3352757A Expired - Lifetime JP2889032B2 (en) | 1991-12-16 | 1991-12-16 | Contact material welding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2889032B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10012792B4 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2011-06-16 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for cutting components, in which a molten phase is generated by a local energy input |
| KR100469293B1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2005-02-02 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Welding metnod utilizing combination of ultrasonic and laser power |
-
1991
- 1991-12-16 JP JP3352757A patent/JP2889032B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05185252A (en) | 1993-07-27 |
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