JP2886327B2 - Processed soybean for animal feed and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a processed soybean for animal feed and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to artificial milk for livestock such as cattle and pigs in childhood. The present invention relates to a processed soybean for animal feed used for preparation and a method for producing the same.

(Prior Art) There are various types of processed soybeans such as defatted soybean, extracted soybean protein (soymilk), organized soybean protein, concentrated soybean protein, isolated soybean protein, and the like. It is incorporated in animal feed as a source.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Various problems have been pointed out when using the processed soybean as described above in an animal feed. In other words, soybean contains trypsin inhibitor (hereinafter TI) that interferes with the action of trypsin, a protease that is secreted from the digestive tract of animals.
), The presence of indigestible oligosaccharides and antigenic substances that cause flatulence such as raffinose and stachyose are known, and these substances combine to cause digestion inhibition, loose stools and diarrhea in livestock. Sometimes.
In addition, the enzyme urease present in soybeans produces ammonia and carbon dioxide from urea generated in the body, and if the amount of ammonia is large, it may cause toxic symptoms.

As a method of alleviating the disadvantages of processed soybeans, a method of treating soybeans from which oils and fats have been extracted and removed with heated steam and removing the solvent simultaneously with heat treatment has been used for a long time. JP-A-60-164441 discloses a method of removing or inactivating antigenicity by heat treatment and / or alcohol treatment, and JP-A-60-102160 discloses a method of treating with a proteolytic enzyme to remove the antigenicity. Methods for reducing the inhibition have been proposed.

One type of animal feed is artificial milk. This is 2-3 years old
It is used in place of breast milk for young livestock animals up to the age of six months. In general, the pay period is divided into about two periods, that is, the first half and the second half, and the raw material composition and shape are generally changed. Of these, especially in the early animals, the digestive tract is underdeveloped, and dyspepsia and diarrhea are likely to occur, which often causes growth delay and death.

When processed soybeans are used in such artificial milk, processed soybeans that have undergone only heat treatment can reduce digestion inhibition by TI, but leave indigestible oligosaccharides that cause flatulence and diarrhea as they are. Since soybeans cause severe diarrhea when fed to livestock infants, the use of processed soybeans in artificial milk has never been used.

On the other hand, when a defatted soybean product that has been subjected to alcohol treatment is supplied to livestock young animals, loose stools and diarrhea tend to be reduced as compared to untreated or heat-treated defatted soybeans. Alcohol-treated defatted soybean products for feed have already been marketed under trade names such as Dampro (Bayer Japan) and Soikomill (Unimill).

However, such alcohol-treated defatted soy products
Since a large amount of flammable solvents such as ethanol and isopropanol are used in the manufacturing process, the entire plant must have an explosion-proof structure. In addition, alcohol itself is expensive, so many factors increase costs. It was too expensive for feed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its object a low trypsin inhibitor activity that inhibits the action of the protease, trypsin, raffinose, and a small amount of stachyose, thereby inhibiting digestion of livestock, loose stool and diarrhea. It is an object of the present invention to provide a processed soybean for animal feed that does not cause any problem and a method for producing the same.

(Means and Actions for Solving the Problems) In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of processed soybeans, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found that the TI activity and the total amount of raffinose and stachyose were not more than a certain level. That processed soybeans can be used for artificial milk of livestock larvae, and the processed soybeans are washed with an aqueous solvent of PH near the isoelectric point of soybean protein, and then subjected to hot water extraction under specific conditions. It was found that it could be prepared by performing

The present invention is based on the above findings, the gist of which is that `` trypsin inhibitor activity is 3 mg per 1 g of protein.
Below, and the total amount of raffinose and stachyose is 0.
Processed soybeans for animal feed characterized by being less than 1% "
And "After contacting the soy material with an aqueous solvent of pH near the isoelectric point of soy protein, 5 to 5 wt.
The method for producing a processed soybean for animal feed described above, wherein the soybean is dispersed in 20 times the amount of water and kept at 90 to 110 ° C for 30 to 180 minutes.

Examples of the soybean material used in the present invention include round soybeans and defatted soybeans. However, usually, defatted soybeans are preferable because they can be obtained in large quantities at low cost.

These materials are ground if necessary and then
By adding a 20-fold volume of an acidic solution and further adding an acid as needed, the pH is reduced to around the isoelectric point of soybean protein, that is,
Extraction is performed for an appropriate time within the range of 10 minutes to 10 hours while maintaining the value at about 4.2 to 4.8. During this time, if necessary, heating can be performed in the range of 30 to 100 ° C., or stirring can be performed continuously or intermittently. And as acid for PH adjustment, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid,
Inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and organic acids such as acetic acid, lactic acid and citric acid can be used.

The extracted soybean material is separated from the extract by means such as centrifugation and pressure filtration. Further, the above extraction operation may be repeated a plurality of times.

To the soybean material from which the acidic extract was separated by the above operation, (hot) water corresponding to 5 to 20 times the amount of the solid content was added, and while heating to 90 to 110 ° C, 30 to 180 ° C was added. Hold for a minute. During this time, stirring can be performed continuously or intermittently as necessary.

Here, it is essential that the heating temperature is in the above range, and at 90 ° C. or lower, “trypsin inhibitor activity” (hereinafter sometimes referred to as TIA) even if the time is extremely extended.
If the temperature exceeds 110 ° C., the processed soybeans may be markedly colored and bitter even in a short period of time, thereby deteriorating the palatability of the animal and reducing the effective lysine. Inconveniences may also occur. By treating at the above temperature range for 30 to 180 minutes, T
Processed soybeans having low I and indigestible oligosaccharide content and suitable for feed can be obtained.

The soybean material after the heat treatment is separated by means such as centrifugal separation and pressure filtration, and dried using an appropriate dryer such as a fluidized bed dryer, a flash dryer and a drum dryer. Further, if necessary, the product is crushed and sieved to obtain a product.

The processed soybean for animal feed according to the present invention usually has a low level of indigestible oligosaccharides such as TIA and raffinose, stachyose, etc. Since most of them are removed, the protein content becomes extremely high at 70% or more in terms of anhydride, and the antigenic substance is almost completely removed or destroyed. Therefore, this product can be suitably used as a partial substitute for skim milk powder used in artificial milk for domestic animals.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples and the like.

(Examples and the like) In the examples and the like described below and the present invention,
The value of “trypsin inhibitor activity” was determined by AACC (Americ
an Association of Cereal Chemists') Method 71-10
It is shown by the activity value measured according to the method specified in. The content of raffinose and stachyose was determined by subjecting a 70% (V / V) ethanol extract of the sample to a high-performance liquid chromatography (for example, column: MCI GEL CK04S (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)) by an ordinary method. Pure water, temperature: 65 ° C, elution speed: 0.4m
l / min, detector: differential refractometer).

Production Examples 1 to 15. For 20 kg of low-denatured defatted soybean flakes,
After adding 200 liters of a 0.2% (V / V) phosphoric acid aqueous solution (PH1.9) and stirring, the pH was adjusted to 4.7 and the temperature was adjusted to 50 ° C., and stirring was continued for 30 minutes. After a lapse of time, the extract was removed using a bucket type centrifuge. The obtained extraction residue (solid content about 32
%) Was placed in a beaker for each 1 kg, and hot water was added thereto so that the solvent ratio was as shown in Table 1, and the treatment was performed at the temperature and time shown in Table 1. In addition, stirring was continued during the treatment. After the treatment, the solid content was separated and collected, spread thinly on a stainless steel tray, placed in a hot air dryer at 80 ° C., and dried for 120 minutes,
A processed soy product was obtained. Table 1 shows the TIA and the indigestible oligosaccharide content (total amount of raffinose and stachyose) of the obtained product.

Test Example 1. Of the processed soybeans prepared in the above Production Examples 1 to 15, Production Examples 3 and 8 (Control Products 3 and 6) and Production Examples 6, 10 and 13 (Products of the Invention 1, 3 and 6) Select,
Further, normal feeding defatted soybeans and alcohol-treated defatted soybeans manufactured by Company A were added, and a feeding test for rats was performed. As a control feed, the protein source was casein (casein).
21.0, soybean white oil 2.0, salt mixture 4.0, vitamin mixture 1.0,
Powdered filter paper 5.0, choline chloride 0.2 and corn starch 62.0
%), And in the processed soybean-added section, the amount added was adjusted according to the protein content so that half of the protein in the feed was derived from processed soybean, and the total amount was adjusted by increasing or decreasing corn starch. The feeding test was carried out for 14 days using a group of 6 male Wistar male white rats aged 5 weeks after birth for 14 days, during which time measurement of body weight, feed intake and stool condition were observed. Table 2 shows the feed composition, and Table 3 shows the results.

As is clear from Table 3, TIA according to the present invention was 1 g of protein.
(3, 2 or 3 test plots) fed processed soybeans at a concentration of 3 mg or less per day and a total of raffinose and stachyose of 0.1% or less.
In 4) and 4), although the feed request rate was slightly lower than that of the casein-fed group (test group 1), data comparable to that of weight gain was obtained.

On the other hand, those fed with processed soybean in which the total amount of TIA and raffinose and stachyose exceeded the range of the present invention (test groups 5 and 6) were untreated defatted soybeans for commercial feed (TIA 6.2 mg / day).
g-total amount of protein, raffinose and stachyose 5.6
%), The result was better than that of the salivation group (test group 7), but diarrhea also occurred, which was significantly inferior to that of the product of the present invention. In the control group fed with soybean for alcohol-treated feed (TIA 4.2 mg / g-protein, total amount of raffinose and stachyose 1.2%) as one of the control plots (test plot 8), there was no occurrence of diarrhea. Although some effects were recognized, the breeding results did not reach the processed soybean of the present invention.

Test Example 2. Of the processed soybeans prepared in Production Examples 1 to 15, Production Example 8 (Control Product 6) and Production Example 10 (Product 3 of the present invention) were used. A mixed feed was prepared by adding additives such as skim milk powder, breadcrumbs, wheat flour, fishmeal, animal fats and oils, vitamins and minerals at the ratios shown in Table-4. As a control feed, a feed containing no processed soybean was also prepared.

The results of feeding the thus prepared five types of compound feeds to 25-day-old weaned pigs (8 per group) and conducting a breeding test are as shown in Table-5.

As is evident from Table 5, obtained by Production Example 10
The test group fed with the feed (feed 3) containing the product 3 of the present invention having a low content of TIA and indigestible oligosaccharide was used as a control feed (feed 4) containing the alcohol-treated defatted soybean for feed manufactured by Company B as a control.
Compared with the test group fed with, the incidence of loose stool and diarrhea (ratio of loose stool and diarrhea to the total number of days of breeding) was not inferior at all, and in particular, the average weight gain exceeded these results. On the other hand, even if the same hot water treatment as in the present invention is performed, the degree thereof is not sufficient, and the feed (feed) containing the control product 6 in which the TIA and the indigestible oligosaccharide content do not reach the range of the product of the present invention is added. In the test group fed with 2), the weight gain was almost the same as that of the feed group fed with feed 4 described above, but remarkable loose stool and diarrhea were observed.

(Effect of the Invention) The concentrated soybean protein obtained by the present invention has a low trypsin inhibitor activity and a low content of indigestible saccharides such as raffinose and stachyose, and a soluble protein component is almost completely removed. It is so high that it exceeds 70% in conversion. Therefore, diarrhea is not induced in the young animal, and coloring due to heating in the production process is suppressed, and the taste of the animal is not impaired.

The processed soybean according to the present invention can be produced at a very low cost as compared with conventional alcohol-extracted products, and when fed to livestock young animals, breeding performance surpassing that is obtained, and has practical value. Is extremely large.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshiyuki Kaneko 1-40-12 Minami-Ono, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba Prefecture Showa Industry Ichikawa Company Housing (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A23K 1/00-1 / 18

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A processed soybean for animal feed, characterized in that the trypsin inhibitor activity is 3 mg or less per 1 g of protein and the total amount of raffinose and stachyose is 0.1% or less. 2. A soybean material having a pH around the isoelectric point of soybean protein.
The animal according to claim (1), wherein after contacting with an aqueous solvent, the animal is dispersed in 5 to 20 times the amount of water based on the dry solid weight and kept at 90 to 110 ° C for 30 to 180 minutes. Production method of processed soybean for feed.