JP2886286B2 - Charging member - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a charging member, and more particularly to a charging member used for primary charging, transfer charging, and charge removal in electrophotography.

[Prior art] The charging process in an electrophotographic process using an electrophotographic photoreceptor has been performed by applying a high voltage (DC) to a metal wire.
(5-8 kV) is applied and charging is performed by the corona generated. However, in this method, ozone and NO
There have been problems such as deterioration of the surface of the photoreceptor due to corona products such as _x, causing image blurring and deterioration, and contamination of the wire affecting image quality, resulting in image white spots and black stripes. On the other hand, the electric current directed to the photoreceptor is 5 to 30
%, Most of which flowed to the shield plate and was ineffective as a charging means.

In order to compensate for these disadvantages, direct charging methods have been studied and many proposals have been made (JP-A-57-178267, JP-A-56-104351, JP-A-58-40566, JP-A-58-40566, and
8-139156, JP-A-58-150975, etc.). However, in practice, even if the photosensitive member is charged by the above-described contact charging method, uniform charging of each part of the surface of the photosensitive member is not performed, and spot-like charging unevenness occurs. For example, in the reversal development method, even if a process of light image exposure or less is applied to the photosensitive member in the spot-like uneven charging state, the output image becomes a spot-like black spot image corresponding to the spot-like charging unevenness, and the regular developing method uses the spot-like black spot image. The image becomes a spot-like white spot image with respect to unevenness, and a high-quality image cannot be obtained.

Further, the DC charging method has no market record in spite of many proposals. The reasons include uniformity of charging and occurrence of discharge breakdown of the photosensitive member due to application of a DC voltage. One breakdown point due to discharge breakdown, for example, in the case of a cylindrical photosensitive member, has a drawback that charging in the entire axial direction flows to the breakdown point and the charge is no longer charged.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] A method of forming a resin layer on the surface in order to prevent this dielectric breakdown has also been reported (JP-A-1-205180, JP-A-1-205180).
211779).

However, these materials also have large fluctuations in resistance under low temperature and low humidity, and have unstable charging properties. When used in contact with an organic photoconductor, the resin on the surface of the organic photoconductor and the resin on the surface of the charging member are incompatible. It had defects such as melting and sticking.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a spot-like fog due to non-uniform charging, and to stably supply a high-quality image free from image defects and the like due to discharge breakdown of a photoconductor. It is to provide a member.

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the present invention relates to a charging member having a conductive elastic layer on a conductive support, wherein the conductive elastic layer contains a polyacetylene substituent soluble in an organic solvent on the conductive elastic layer. A charging member having a resin layer.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

In the charging member of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a conductive elastic layer 2 is provided on a conductive support 1a, and a resin layer 3 containing a polyacetylene substituent is further provided on the elastic layer 2. The basic configuration is to adopt a three-layer configuration.

In the present invention, a polyacetylene derivative is used for the resin layer of the charging member. This is insoluble in organic solvents in polyacetylene obtained from acetylene monomer,
This is because normal coating is impossible.

However, since a polymer in which a substituent is introduced into an acetylene monomer becomes soluble in an organic solvent, coating becomes possible.
As the substituent to be introduced, _{-CH 3, -C 2 H 5,} -C 4 H 9, -C 6 H 9, -ClCH 2, -OCH 3, -
_{OC 2 H 5, -COOH, -COCH} 3, -HOCH 2, - (CH 3) 3 Si, - (CH
_{3) 2 (C 2 H 5} O) Si, - (CH 3) 2 (C 3 H 7 O) Si, -NH 2, -NHCH 3,
—N (CH ₃ ) ₂ and the like.

Further, a binder resin may be added to the resin layer.
However, the addition amount of the binder resin is preferably 30% by weight or less based on the total resin. Examples of the binder resin in the resin layer include acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate and polybutyl methacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl acetal, polyarylate, polycarbonate, phenoxy resin, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyridine and the like.

Since the conventional charging member has a surface made of rubber or polyurethane, if the electrophotographic photoreceptor is kept in contact, the photoreceptor and the charging member are fixed, or a hard surface is wrinkled, Image defects occurred.

On the other hand, the replacement member having the resin layer containing the polyacetylene substituent of the present invention has low adhesion to the electrophotographic photoreceptor, and has high flexibility, so that a high-quality image is provided, and toner smear is reduced, Even under low temperature and low humidity, the volume resistance of the resin layer does not fluctuate much and can be used as a stable charging member.

The thickness of the resin layer is preferably in the range of 5 to 500 μm, particularly preferably 20 to 200 μm.

The volume efficiency of the resin layer is preferably in the range of 10 ⁶ to 10 ¹² Ω · cm. Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-230334, the volume resistivity of the resin layer is preferably larger than the volume resistivity of the lower conductive elastic layer in contact with the resin layer. 10 ⁰ to 10 ¹¹ Omega is a volume resistivity of the elastic layer · cm, preferably in the range of particularly ^{10 2} ~10 10 Ω · cm. Aluminum, iron,
Metals such as copper, conductive polymers such as polyacetylene, polypyrrole, and polythiophene, rubber and plastic elastomers that are made conductive by dispersing carbon, metal, etc., and laminating the surface of rubber or plastic elastomer with metal or other conductive materials Coated ones can be used. Further, the elastic layer 2 may have a multilayer structure in which functions are separated as necessary. Iron, copper, stainless steel, or the like can be used as the conductive support 1a.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a protective layer 4 may be provided on the surface of the charging member to protect the charging member. This protective layer is formed of a resin layer, and may be mixed with conductive particles therein to control conductivity and insoluble resin powder 5 to control surface roughness of the charging member.

In the case of a blade-shaped charging member as shown in FIG. 3, a conductive elastic layer 2 is provided on a conductive sheet metal 1b, and a layer 3 is further provided.

 Further, a protective layer may be provided.

The shape of the charging member may be any of a roller shape and a blade shape, but is preferably a roller shape in terms of uniform charging.

The electrophotographic photoreceptor is based on a configuration in which a photosensitive layer is provided on a conductive support. As the conductive support, a support having conductivity itself, for example, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, stainless steel, chromium, titanium, or the like can be used.In addition, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, an indium oxide-tin oxide alloy, or the like can be used. A conductive support having a layer formed by vacuum deposition, plastic, a support in which conductive particles (eg, carbon black, tin oxide particles, etc.) are impregnated with a suitable binder into plastic or paper, and a conductive binder. Plastic or the like can be used.

An undercoat layer having a barrier function and an adhesive function may be provided between the conductive support and the photosensitive layer. The undercoat layer can be formed of casein, polyvinyl alcohol, nitrocellulose, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, polyamide, polyurethane, gelatin, aluminum oxide, or the like. The thickness of the undercoat layer is 5 μm or less, preferably 0.5 to 3 μm.
m is appropriate. The undercoat layer preferably has a resistivity of 10 ⁷ Ω · cm or more in order to exhibit its function.

The photosensitive layer is formed, for example, by coating a photoconductor such as an organic photoconductor, amorphous silicon, or selenium with a binder as necessary, and then forming the coating or vacuum deposition. When an organic photoconductor is used, a photosensitive layer composed of a combination of a charge generation layer that generates charge carriers upon exposure and a charge transport layer capable of transporting the generated charge carriers can also be used effectively.

The charge generation layer is formed by depositing one or more kinds of charge generation materials such as azo pigments, quinone pigments, quinone anine pigments, perylene pigments, indigo pigments, bisbenzimidazole pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, and quinacdrine pigments, or It can be formed by dispersing together with a binder (even without a binder) and coating.

The binder can be selected from a wide range of insulating resins or organic photoconductive polymers. For example, as the insulating resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyarylate (polycondensate of bisphenol A and phthalic acid, etc.), polycarbonate, polyester, phenoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyacrylamide resin, polyamide, cellulose resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, Casein, polyvinyl alcohol and the like can be mentioned. Examples of the organic photoconductive polymer include carbazole, polyvinyl anthracene, and polyvinyl pyrene.

The thickness of the charge generation layer is 0.01 to 15 μm, preferably 0.05 to
5 μm, and the weight ratio between the charge generation layer and the binder is 10: 1 to
1:20.

The solvent used for the coating for the charge generation layer is selected from the solubility and dispersion stability of the resin and the charge transporting material used. As the organic solvent, alcohols, sulfoxides, ethers, esters, and aliphatic halides are used. Hydrocarbons or aromatic compounds can be used.

Coating can be performed using a coating method such as a dip coating method, a spray coating method, a Meyer bar coating method, and a blade coating method.

The charge transport layer is formed by dissolving a charge transport material in a film-forming resin. Examples of the organic charge transporting material used in the present invention include hydrazone compounds, stilbene compounds, pyrazoline compounds, oxazole compounds, thiazole compounds, and triarylmethane compounds. These charge transport materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the binder used for the charge transport layer include phenoxy resin, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl butyral, polyarylate, polysulfone, polyamide, acrylic resin, acrylonitrile resin, methacrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, phenolic resin, epoxy Resin, polyester, alkyd resin, polycarbonate,
Polyurethane or a copolymer containing two or more of the repeating units of these resins, such as a styrene-butadiene copolymer, a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, and a styrene-maleic acid copolymer can be given. In addition, organic photoconductive polymers such as poly-N-vinylcarbazole, polyvinylanthracene, and polyvinylpyrene can be selected.

The thickness of the charge transport layer is 5 to 50 μm, preferably 8 to 20 μm.
m, and the weight ratio of the charge transport material to the binder is 5: 1 to 1:
5, preferably about 3: 1 to 1: 3. The coating can be performed by the coating method as described above.

Furthermore, since dyes, pigments, organic charge transporting substances, and the like are generally vulnerable to contamination by ultraviolet rays, ozone, oil, and the like, metals, and the like, a protective layer may be provided as necessary. In order to form an electrostatic latent image on this protective layer, the surface resistivity is desirably 10 ¹¹ Ω or more.

The protective layer of the photoconductor is made of a resin such as polyvinyl butyral, polyester, polycarbonate, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, nylon, polyimide, polyarylate, polyurethane, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer. A solution dissolved by a solvent can be formed on the photosensitive layer by coating and drying. At this time, the thickness of the protective layer is generally in the range of 0.05 to 20 μm. The protective layer may contain an ultraviolet absorber or the like.

The charging member of the present invention can be applied to, for example, an electrophotographic apparatus as shown in FIG. In this apparatus, a primary charging member 6, an image exposure unit 7, a developing unit 8, a corona charger 9 for transfer charging, a cleaning unit 10, and a pre-exposure unit 11 are arranged on a peripheral surface of an electrophotographic photosensitive member 12. .

A voltage (for example, a pulsating voltage in which a DC voltage of 200 V or more and 2000 V or less and an AC voltage of 4000 V or less between peaks are superimposed) is externally applied to the primary charging member 6 which is arranged in contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member 12. Then, the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member 12 is charged, and the image on the original is image-exposed to the photosensitive member by the image exposure means 7 to form an electrostatic latent image. Next, the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor is developed (visualized) by adhering the developer in the developing means 8 to the photoconductor, and the developer on the photoconductor is transferred to a corona charger for charging. The developer is transferred to a transfer member 13 such as paper by 9, and the developer remaining on the photoconductor without being transferred to the paper at the time of transfer by the cleaning unit 10 is collected.

Although an image can be formed by such an electrophotographic process, if residual charges remain on the photoreceptor, light is applied to the photoreceptor by the pre-exposure means 11 before primary charging, and the residual charges are removed. It is better to remove electricity.

When the charging member of the present invention is used for transfer charging, it can be applied to, for example, an electrophotographic apparatus as shown in FIG. In this apparatus, a primary charging corona charger 14, an image exposure means 7, a developing means 8, a transfer charging member 15, a cleaning means 10, and a pre-exposure means 11 are arranged on the peripheral surface of an electrophotographic photosensitive member 12. I have.

A voltage (for example, a DC voltage of 400 to 1000 V) is applied to the transfer charging member 15 which is arranged in contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member 12 to transfer the developer on the electrophotographic photosensitive member to a transfer member such as paper. Can be.

When the charging member of the present invention is used for static elimination charging, it can be applied to, for example, an electrophotographic apparatus as shown in FIG. In this apparatus, a primary charging corona charger 14, an image exposure unit 7, a developing unit 8, a transfer charging corona charger 9, and a cleaning unit 10 are arranged on a peripheral surface of an electrophotographic photosensitive member 12.

A voltage (for example, an AC peak-to-peak voltage of 500 to 2000) is applied to the charging member 16 for discharging and charging, which is disposed in contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member 12.
V) can be applied to eliminate charges on the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

The charging member of the present invention exerts its characteristics remarkably by being applied to an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer containing an organic photoconductor, which is susceptible to deterioration in mechanical strength and chemical stability. can do.

The charging member to be brought into contact with the photoreceptor in the present invention is not limited to a specific method, and the charging member may be a fixed type or a moving type such as rotating in the same direction or the opposite direction to the photoreceptor. it can. Further, it is also possible for the charging member to function as a developer cleaning device on the photosensitive member.

Applied voltage to the charging member in the direct charging of the present invention,
Regarding the application method, depending on the specifications of each electrophotographic apparatus, in addition to the method of applying the desired voltage instantaneously, the method of gradually increasing the applied voltage for the purpose of protecting the photoreceptor, the method of applying DC to AC Can be applied in the order of DC AC or AC DC in the case of superimposing.

When the charging member of the present invention is used for primary charging of an electrophotographic apparatus, it is necessary to superimpose a DC voltage and an AC voltage on an electrophotographic photosensitive member in an image output area.

When primary charging is applied only with a DC voltage, uniform charging cannot be performed.

When used for transfer charging, a DC voltage alone or a DC voltage and an AC voltage may be superimposed.

When used for static elimination charging, it is necessary to apply only an AC voltage.

In the present invention, processes such as image exposure, development, and cleaning can employ any method known in the field of electrostatography, and are not limited to a specific type such as a type of developer. The charging member of the present invention is not limited to a copying machine, but may be a laser printer or a CRT printer,
It can also be used in electrophotographic application fields such as facsimile machines having an electrophotographic plate making system and a receiving means for receiving image information from a remote terminal.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to Examples.

<Example of preparing polyacetylene-substituted solution> In a nitrogen gas atmosphere, 2 parts of MnCl ₅ was added as a catalyst to 100 parts of phenylacetylene, and polymerization was performed at -20 ° C for 2 hours. The reaction product was purified by dissolving in THF and reprecipitating in methanol.

The purified polyphenylacetylene was dissolved in THF to obtain a solution having a solid content of 50 g.

Example 1 An aluminum cylinder having a thickness of 0.5 mm and a diameter of 60 mm × 260 mm was prepared as a conductive support.

Copolymer nylon (trade name: CM8000, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) 4
Part and type 8 nylon (trade name: Lacamide 500
3, Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd.) 4 parts methanol 50 parts, n
-Dissolved in 50 parts of butanol and dip-coated on the support to form a 0.6 μm thick undercoat layer.

10 parts of disazo pigment of the following structural formula, And polyvinyl butyral resin (trade name: Eslec BM
2, Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 10 parts of cyclohexanone were dispersed in a sand mill for 10 hours. Add 30 parts of methyl ethyl ketone to the dispersion and apply on the undercoat layer,
A charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.15 μm was formed.

Prepare 10 parts of polycarbonate Z resin (manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a weight average molecular weight of 120,000, and prepare a hydrazone compound having the following structural formula. It was dissolved in 80 parts of monochlorobenzene together with 10 parts. This was applied on the charge generation layer to form a charge transport layer having a thickness of 16 μm, thereby producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member No. 1.

Next, conductive carbon 5 was added to 100 parts by weight of chloroprene rubber.
Melt and knead parts by weight, φ8 ×
It was formed into a diameter of 20 × 240 mm through a stainless steel shaft of 260 mm, and a conductive elastic layer of a roller-shaped charging member was provided.

The volume resistance of the conductive elastic layer of the charging member is set to 22
It is 3 × 10 ⁴ Ω · cm when measured in an environment of 60 ° C. and 60% humidity.

Next, the polyphenylacetylene solution of the preparation example was dip-coated on the conductive elastic layer of the charging member, and the film thickness after drying was 20 μm.
A 0 μm resin layer was provided to produce a roller-shaped charging member. A resin layer was similarly provided on the aluminum sheet, and the volume resistance was measured.

As shown in FIG. 4, this charging member is used as a positive development type copying machine PC.
-20 (manufactured by Canon) Replaced with the primary corona charger, and driven to rotate with the electrophotographic photoreceptor, the primary charging voltage is a superposition of DC voltage -750V and AC peak-to-peak voltage 1500V, and the dark potential of the electrophotographic photoreceptor The potential measurement of bright potential and the image were examined.

 The results are shown in Table 1.

Further, the volume resistance of the resin layer of the charging member, the potential characteristics when the charging member was attached to a normal image type copying machine, and the image in a low-temperature and low-humidity state at a temperature of 15 ° C. and a humidity of 10% were similarly examined. It was shown to.

Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, a conductive elastic layer of a charging member was prepared.

Next, using a polymethylacetylene solution instead of the polyphenylacetylene solution of Example 1, dip coating was performed on the conductive elastic layer of the charging member, and after drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 200 μm was provided. A charging member was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and shown in Table 1.

Example 3 In the same manner as in Example 1, a conductive elastic layer of a charging member was prepared.

Next, dip coating was performed on the conductive elastic layer of the charging member using a polybenzylacetylene solution instead of the polyphenylacetylene solution of Example 1, and the film thickness after drying was 200 μm.
And a roller-shaped charging member was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and shown in Table 1.

Example 4 In the same manner as in Example 1, a conductive elastic layer of a charging member was prepared.

Next, a polydimethylaminoacetylene solution was used in place of the polyphenylacetylene solution of Example 1 to dip-coat the conductive elastic layer of the charging member.
A 0 μm resin layer was provided to produce a roller-shaped charging member.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 In the same manner as in Example 1, a conductive elastic layer of a charging member was prepared.

Next, 10 parts by weight of nylon 6-66-10-12 were dissolved in 90 parts by weight of methanol, and dip coating was performed on the conductive elastic layer of the charging member.After drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 200 μm was provided. A roller-shaped charging member was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 A conductive elastic layer of a charging member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

Next, 10 parts by weight of methoxymethylated nylon 6 (methoxymethylation rate: 25%) was dissolved in 90 parts by weight of methanol, dip-coated on the conductive elastic layer of the charging member, and dried to a thickness of 200 μm. A resin layer was provided, and a roller-shaped charging member was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 3 In the same manner as in Example 1, a conductive elastic layer of a charging member was prepared.

Next, polyester polyol (trade name: Nipporan 12)
1, 8 parts by weight of Nippon Polyurethane Co., Ltd.) and 2 parts by weight of toluylene dimesocyanate are dissolved in 90 parts by weight of n-butanol, and then applied by dip coating on the conductive elastic layer of the charging member and dried. A 200 μm-thick resin layer was provided to produce a roller-shaped charging member.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 4 A conductive elastic layer of a charging member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

Next, 10 parts by weight of silicon RTV rubber was dissolved in 90 parts by weight of toluene, and the solution was applied by dip coating on the conductive elastic layer of the charging member, and after drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 200 μm was provided. Was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and shown in Table 1.

As can be seen by comparing Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the present invention can prevent the occurrence of image defects of wavy fog caused by hardening of the resin layer at low temperature and low humidity.

Further, as can be seen by comparing Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 with Comparative Examples 3 and 4, fusion between the charging member and the photoconductor can be prevented, and the generation of a horizontal streak image can be suppressed.

Example 5 Hereinafter, characteristics as a transfer charger were examined.

 A photoconductor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

Next, 100 parts by weight of chloroprene rubber is melt-kneaded with 5 parts by weight of conductive carbon, and the center is molded through a stainless steel shaft of φ8 × 260 mm to form φ30 × 240 mm. Was provided.

The volume resistance of this transfer charging member was set at 22 ° C and 60% humidity.
It is 4 × 10 ⁴ Ω · cm when measured in the environment.

Next, the polyphenylacetylene solvent of the preparation example was dip-coated on the conductive elastic layer of the transfer charging member, and after drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 100 μm was provided to produce a roller-shaped transfer charging member.

This transfer charging member was attached in place of the transfer corona charger of the PC-20 (manufactured by Canon) of the forward development type copying machine, DC-500 V was applied for transfer charging, and the state of the image and the transfer charging member was examined.

 The results are shown in Table 2.

Further, Table 2 shows the image and the state of the transfer charging member when the transfer charging member was mounted on a regular image copying machine in a low temperature and low humidity state of a temperature of 15 ° C. and a humidity of 10%.

Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 5, a conductive elastic layer of a transfer charging member was prepared.

Next, using a polymethylacetylene solution instead of the polyphenylacetylene solution of Example 5, dip coating was performed on the conductive elastic layer of the transfer charging member, and after drying, the film thickness was 100 μm.
m, and a roller-shaped charging member was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5, and is shown in Table 2.

Example 7 In the same manner as in Example 5, a conductive elastic layer of a transfer charging member was prepared.

Next, dip coating was performed on the conductive elastic layer of the transfer charging member using a polybenzyl acetylene solution instead of the polyphenyl acetylene solution of Example 5, and the film thickness after drying was 100%.
A roller-shaped transfer charging member was manufactured by providing a μm resin layer.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5, and is shown in Table 2.

Example 8 In the same manner as in Example 5, a conductive elastic layer of a transfer charging member was prepared.

Next, dip coating was performed on the conductive elastic layer of the transfer charging member using a polydimethylaminoacetylene solution instead of the polyphenylacetylene solution of Example 5, and a resin layer having a thickness of 100 μm was provided after drying. A roller-shaped transfer charging member was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5, and is shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 5, a conductive elastic layer of a transfer charging member was prepared.

Next, 10 parts by weight of nylon-6-66-10-12 were added to methanol 90.
Dissolved in parts by weight, dip coating on the conductive elastic layer of the transfer charging member, providing a resin layer having a thickness of 100 μm after drying,
A roller-shaped transfer charging member was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5, and is shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 6 In the same manner as in Example 5, a conductive elastic layer of a transfer charging member was prepared.

Next, 10 parts by weight of methoxymethylated nylon 6 (methoxymethylation rate: 25%) was dissolved in 90 parts by weight of methanol, dip coated on the conductive elastic layer of the transfer charging member, and dried to a thickness of 100 μm. To form a roller-shaped transfer charging member.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5, and is shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 7 In the same manner as in Example 5, a conductive elastic layer of a transfer charging member was prepared.

Next, 8 parts by weight of a polyester polyol (Nipporan 121, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane) and 2 parts by weight of toluylene diisocyanate are dissolved in 90 parts by weight of n-butanol, and dip-coated on the conductive elastic layer of the transfer charging member. After drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 100 μm was provided to produce a roller-shaped transfer charging member.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5, and is shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 8 In the same manner as in Example 5, a conductive elastic layer of a transfer charging member was prepared.

Next, 10 parts by weight of silicon RTV rubber was dissolved in 90 parts by weight of toluene, and the resultant was applied by dip coating on the conductive elastic layer of the transfer charging member, and after drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 100 μm was provided. The members for manufacture were manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 5, and is shown in Table 2.

As can be seen from Examples 5, 6, 7, and 8 and Comparative Examples 5 and 6, in the present invention, even under low temperature and low humidity, high image quality can be maintained without lowering of density or wavy fog.

Furthermore, as can be seen from Examples 5, 6, 7, and 8 and Comparative Examples 7 and 8, in the present invention, the transfer charging member does not fuse with the photoconductor and also does not fuse with the toner. Can be used without generation.

Example 9 Hereinafter, characteristics as a static eliminator were examined.

 A photoconductor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

Next, conductive carbon 5 was added to 100 parts by weight of chloroprene rubber.
A part by weight was melt-kneaded and molded on a 2 mm × 260 mm stainless plate at the center so as to have a free length of 10 mm × 240 mm as shown in FIG. 3 to provide a conductive elastic layer of a blade-shaped charging member. The volume resistance of the charge removing member is set to a temperature of 22 ° C and a humidity of 60.
It is 4 × 10 ⁴ Ω · cm when measured in a% environment.

Next, the polyphenylacetylene solution of the preparation example was applied by dip coating on the conductive elastic layer of the charge eliminating member, and after drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 100 μm was provided to produce a blade-shaped charge eliminating member. A resin layer was similarly provided on an aluminum sheet.

This charge removing member is installed in place of the pre-exposure charge remover of the PC-20 copier (manufactured by Canon). The charge removal is performed by applying an AC peak-to-peak voltage of 1000 V. The state of the members for use was examined.

 The results are shown in Table 3.

Furthermore, the volume resistance of the resin layer of the charge-eliminating member in a low-temperature and low-humidity state at a temperature of 15 ° C. and a humidity of 10%, and the image and the state of the charge-eliminating member when the charge-eliminating member is attached to a regular image copying machine are shown. The results are shown in Table 3.

Example 10 In the same manner as in Example 9, a conductive elastic layer of a member for discharging and charging was prepared.

Next, using a polymethylacetylene solution instead of the polyphenylacetylene solution of Example 9, dip-coating was performed on the conductive elastic layer of the charge removing member, and after drying, the film thickness was 100 μm.
m, a blade-shaped member for static elimination and charging was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 9 and shown in Table 3.

Example 11 In the same manner as in Example 9, a conductive elastic layer of a charge removing member was prepared.

Next, dip coating was performed on the conductive elastic layer of the charge removing member using a polybenzylacetylene solution instead of the polyphenylacetylene solution of Example 9;
A μm resin layer was provided, and a blade-shaped member for static elimination charging was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 9 and shown in Table 3.

Example 12 In the same manner as in Example 9, a conductive elastic layer of a member for discharging and charging was prepared.

Next, using a polydimethylaminoacetylene solution instead of the polyphenylacetylene solution of Example 9, dip coating was performed on the conductive elastic layer of the charge removing member, and after drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 100 μm was provided. A blade-shaped charge removing and charging member was manufactured.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 9 and shown in Table 3.

Comparative Example 9 In the same manner as in Example 9, a conductive elastic layer of a member for discharging and charging was prepared.

The charge removing member was used without providing a resin layer. This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 9 and shown in Table 3.

Comparative Example 10 In the same manner as in Example 9, a conductive elastic layer of a member for discharging and charging was prepared.

Next, 10 parts by weight of methoxymethylated nylon-6 (methoxylated methylation rate 25%) was dissolved in 90 parts by weight of methanol,
Dip coating on the conductive elastic layer of the charge removing member,
After drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 100 μm was provided to produce a blade-shaped member for static elimination and charging.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 9 and shown in Table 3.

Comparative Example 11 In the same manner as in Example 9, a conductive elastic layer of a charge removing member was prepared.

Next, 8 parts by weight of a polyester polyol (Nipporan 121, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane) and 2 parts by weight of toluylene diisocyanate are dissolved in 90 parts by weight of n-butanol, and dip-coated on the conductive elastic layer of the member for static elimination and charging. After drying, a resin layer having a thickness of 100 μm was provided to produce a blade-shaped member for static elimination and charging.

 This was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 9 and shown in Table 3.

Comparative Example 12 The static elimination was carried out by pre-exposure without using the static elimination charging member of the present invention, and this was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 9 and shown in Table 3.

As can be seen by comparing Examples 9, 10, 11, 12 and Comparative Examples 9, 11, in the present invention, fusion between the charging member and the photoreceptor is prevented, and the occurrence of horizontal streak-like image defects is prevented. .

Further, as can be seen by comparing Examples 9, 10, 11, and 12 with Comparative Example 10, stable static elimination performance is exhibited even at low temperature and low humidity, and the material of the present invention can suppress image defects.

In Comparative Example 12, the static elimination performance was low in the conventional pre-exposure type static elimination, and the residual potential was likely to remain at low temperature and low humidity, causing a background fog defect.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above results, by using the charging member of the present invention, the adhesion to the electrophotographic photoreceptor is low and the flexibility is high. Less toner stains. In particular, stable potential characteristics and image characteristics can be obtained even under low temperature and low humidity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 and 2 are cross-sectional views in the direction of the central axis of a roller-shaped charging member, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a blade-shaped charging member, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. FIG. 1a: conductive support, 1b: conductive sheet metal 2: conductive elastic layer, 3: resin layer 4: protective layer, 5: resin powder 6: charging member, 7: image exposure means 8: developing means 9: Transfer charging corona charger 10: Cleaning means, 11: Pre-exposure means 12: Electrophotographic photoreceptor 14: Primary charging corona charger 15: Transfer charging member 16: Static elimination charging member.

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Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A charging member having a conductive elastic layer on a conductive support, comprising a resin layer containing a polyacetylene substituent soluble in an organic solvent on the conductive elastic layer. Charging member. 2. The charging member according to claim 1, wherein said photosensitive member is charged by contact with said electrophotographic photosensitive member. 3. The charging member according to claim 1, wherein a DC voltage and an AC voltage are superimposed as an applied voltage to primary charge the electrophotographic photosensitive member. 4. The charging member according to claim 1, wherein a DC voltage is used as an applied voltage or a DC voltage and an AC voltage are superimposed to transfer a developer from an electrophotographic photosensitive member to a member to be transferred. . 5. The charging member according to claim 1, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member is neutralized by using an AC voltage as an applied voltage.