JP2884539B2 - breakwater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gravitational breakwater constructed to keep the interior of a harbor such as a harbor or a fishing port, or the coast, calm.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to keep calm in harbors, fishing ports, etc. or in coasts, it is necessary to prevent the ingress of waves. For this reason, breakwaters are constructed, and most of these breakwaters are constructed of concrete. Gravity-type breakwaters are generally used, where caisson is packed with earth and sand or crushed stone to increase its weight. Such a breakwater is installed on a mound made of crushed stone or the like, and prevents slippage due to waves due to the weight of the caisson and frictional resistance with the mound against external forces such as waves. Also, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-9507, a unit friction member such as rubber is integrally provided on the lower surface of the caisson to increase the frictional resistance with concrete and stone and installed on a mound as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-9507. Technology to prevent caisson sliding.

[0003]

However, according to the above-mentioned technique, the caisson itself is prevented from sliding against an external force by the frictional resistance between the weight of the caisson itself and the mound. Even if the frictional resistance by a friction member such as rubber is effective, there is a problem that the frictional resistance cannot be made larger than the frictional resistance inside the rubble mound. Further, since movement of the caisson due to waves and the like also affects the mound, sliding, tilting and subsidence of the caisson is a very difficult problem to be prevented by its synergistic action. In addition, according to the technology in which a unit friction member such as rubber is integrally provided on the lower surface of the caisson, the unit friction member is deformed according to the unevenness of the surface of the mound due to the weight of the caisson with the passage of time, There is a problem that shear fracture occurs in this friction member.

[0004]

Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that a caisson having an energy absorbing member attached to the bottom is mounted on a rubble mound or on a base concrete block installed on the mound to constitute a breakwater. And

[0005]

According to the above construction, when an external force such as a wave acts on the breakwater, the energy of the external force is absorbed by the absorbing member, thereby reducing the wave energy acting on the breakwater.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side view of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a front view,
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a rubble mound, 2 denotes a breakwater installed on the mound 1 and is constituted by a caisson 3 made of concrete or iron. It is mounted on the mound 1 by bolts 5.
Two energy absorbing members 4 are provided on the bottom of the caisson 3 in parallel in a direction orthogonal to external force such as waves.
The cross-sectional shape and material of the energy absorbing member 4 are arbitrary. For example, the cross-sectional shape is rectangular, trapezoidal, or the like. And the like, which suppresses vertical compressive deformation and reduces fluctuations in the height of the center of gravity.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the second embodiment, in which a base concrete block 3a is installed on a rubble mound 1 via an asphalt mat or the like, and an energy material made of an elastic material is provided on the base concrete block 3a. Upper caisson 3b to which absorbing member 4 is attached with anchor bolt 5 or the like
Is mounted, and the height of the upper caisson 3b is required to maintain at least the quietness in the harbor.
The upper caisson 3b may be placed in any state, as shown in FIG.
Although it may be simply placed on a, for example, although not shown,
A groove may be formed on the base concrete block 3a on which the energy absorbing member 4 is placed so that the lower portion of the energy absorbing member 4 fits, or a stopper may be formed on the base concrete block 3a to form the energy absorbing member. When the lower caisson 4 is structured so as to sandwich the lower portion, the upper caisson 3b can be prevented from sliding due to external force such as wave force.

According to the above configuration, when an external force such as a wave force acts on the breakwater, the external force deforms the energy absorbing member 4 to absorb the energy of the external force.
This will reduce the wave energy acting on the breakwater.

[0009]

According to the present invention described in detail above, a caisson having an energy absorbing member attached to the bottom is placed on a rubble mound or a base concrete block installed on the mound to form a breakwater. When an external force such as a wave force acts on the breakwater, the external force deforms the energy absorbing member and absorbs the energy of the external force, so that the entire wave force acting on the breakwater can be reduced. Compared to a heavy breakwater, a small and lightweight caisson can be used under the same conditions. By combining such a small and lightweight caisson, the bad influence of the weight on the mound is reduced, and the inclination and settlement of the caisson on the mound are reduced, so that the durability of the breakwater is remarkably improved. In addition, since the caisson is configured by combining small and lightweight caissons, the caisson installation work is facilitated, and the breakwater is easily constructed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ripstone mound 2 Breakwater 3 Caisson 3a Base concrete block 3b Upper caisson 4 Energy absorption member

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Yoshio Nishino 1058 Nakao, Uozumi-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Shibata Industries Co., Ltd. (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02B 3/06 301 E02D 23/00 E02D 23/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A breakwater, wherein a caisson having an energy absorbing member attached to the bottom is mounted on a rubble mound or a base concrete block installed on the rubble mound.